CN104925254A

CN104925254A - Vertical take-off and landing aircraft

Info

Publication number: CN104925254A
Application number: CN201510349103.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴畏
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-06-24
Filing date: 2015-06-24
Publication date: 2015-09-23

Abstract

The invention provides an aircraft which can vertically take off and land without the need of a runway. Existing fixed wing aircrafts of turboprop engines or turbofan engines are improved, fixed wings of the aircrafts are improved into wings capable of rotating by 90 degrees or the turbofan engines fixed at the front ends of the wings of the fixed wing aircrafts of the existing turbofan engines are improved to be capable of rotating upwards by 90 degrees around the front ends of the wings. The vertical take-off and landing aircraft is wide in purpose. Wings and turboprop blades are folded and can be deployed to large naval ships such as an aircraft carrier, an amphibious assault ship and a dock landing ship, and can also be used for various kinds of rescue and disaster relief. The aircraft is high in flight efficiency, safe and reliable. The technical scheme is easy to implement. People only need to slightly improve the aircraft on the basis of the existing fixed wing aircrafts until it is guaranteed that thrust of an engine can be larger than the take-off weight of the aircraft. The aircraft can take off and land conventionally or in short distance on the runway beside vertical take-off and landing. The aircraft is more convenient and flexible to use, the old concept of the fixed wing aircrafts can be overturned, and a new era is opened.

Description

Vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft)

[technical field] the present invention relates to the relevant issues of vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft), specifically refers to that a kind of runway that do not need can the aircraft of vertical and landing takeoff.

[background technology] no matter CH-47 props up the dry medium transport helicopter of slave, contrarotation rotary wind type card system's armed helicopter or the pure helicopter with tail-rotor, all because rotor is parallel with fuselage upper surface, the downdraft passage that fuselage occupies part rotor creates a downward thrust, the lift that rotor produces in whole flight course will overcome gravity and this downward thrust of aircraft, causes the not high flying speed of flight efficiency slow.V-22 " osprey " tiltrotor is when taking off vertically, equally all because screw propeller is parallel with fixed wing, the downdraft passage that fixed wing occupies part helix oar creates a downward thrust, the lift that screw propeller produces in whole flight course will overcome gravity and this downward thrust of aircraft, and flight efficiency is not high yet; Vert in process in airscrew engine, this downward thrust size and Orientation, all in change, makes natively complicated air-flow become more complicated, causes accident in this process easily multiple; And each fixed wing can only install an airscrew engine, just can only four fixed wings of and difficult manipulation more complicated as the V44 employing of the blue whale transport plane of China and the U.S. and airscrew engine to increase take-off weight.Also have a class as refined in Russia gram 38, refined gram 141 and the U.S. and Britain sea sparrow hawk AV8B, lower jet pipe is close to and lift fan realizes vertical takeoff and landing with short takeoff vertical landing F35B, their complex structures, very consume fuel and can not fullying loaded takeoff, cause combat radius little, fight capability is poor, the high-temperature fuel gas of downward high speed ejection is a very acid test to landing site and aircraft itself, and lift fan is only useful when landing, occupies weight and the space of aircraft preciousness.

[summary of the invention] the object of the invention is to the situation avoiding above-mentioned various vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft) deficiency, provides a kind of brand-new vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft).

For achieving the above object, technical scheme provided by the invention has: respectively to using whirlpool oar or fanjet to be placed in wing, what use fanjet can supersonic flight use the fixed wing aircraft of thrust type fanjet to transform with requiring, by their fixed wing, be fixed on the fanjet on wing nose or fuselage both sides and thrust type fanjet, make into rotate up 90 degree around fuselage or wing nose and can fix in its arbitrarily angled and position, owing to having adjustable scoop before thrust type fanjet, there are afterburner and vector tail nozzle below, entirety is very long, its driving engine can be divided into three detachable parts: adjustable scoop above can anterior-posterior translation with afterburner below and vector tail nozzle, middle fanjet can 90 degree of rotations.

The present invention compared with the existing technology, has the following advantages:

1, due to turbo oar engine in whole process of verting all the time with wing vertical, the gas channel taking blade is little and constant, few of thing takies the gas channel of driving engine, and its flight efficiency and safe reliability are all high than the aircraft of existing energy vertical takeoff and landing; As long as increase to increase take-off weight the driving engine be fixed on wing, do not need also will increase wing as the blue whale transport plane of China and the V44 of the U.S..Ensureing under the unobstructed prerequisite of air-flow to improve flight efficiency further: turbo oar engine can increase the diameter of blade and quantity also can as the two oars of Figure 95 bomber coaxial reverse or many oars; More air accelerates or increases fan progression air is obtained larger speed through multistage acceleration by the diameter that fanjet can increase bypass ratio, increase fan and by-pass air duct.The reason that the efficiency of fanjet is higher than turbo oar engine is: because turbo oar engine does not have rectification shell, the air part accelerated through blade outwards spreads, do not produce thrust forward completely, and fanjet is owing to there being rectification shell, the air accelerated through fan does not have to external diffusion, all produces thrust forward.

2, due to this aircraft does not need runway can vertical and landing takeoff, although do not require energy supersonic flight, but its purposes still widely: wing and whirlpool oar blade are folded and can be deployed in aircraft carrier, amphibious assault ship, the large-scale naval vessels such as LSD, when implementing amphibious landing and fighting, the hyprsonic carrier-borne aircraft on aircraft carrier can be first utilized to obtain system empty, system sea, ground supremacy, after having controlled battlefield situation, again from amphibious assault ship, LSD is implemented solid by this vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft) and is logged in, personnel and weaponry are shipped to land and carry out ground attack, this aircraft also can carry air-to-ground attack weapon and implement air attack to enemy, with ground forces' cooperation.Also can be used for various rescue, the disaster relief etc.

3, technical scheme is implemented easily, only needs slightly to make improvements on the basis of existing fixed wing aircraft, ensures that the thrust of driving engine can be greater than the take-off weight of aircraft.

4, except carrying out routine or short take-off and landing (STOL) on runway except vertical takeoff and landing, or routine is taken off, and vertical, short distance landing, uses flexibly convenient, can overturn the old concept of fixed wing aircraft, open its new era.

[accompanying drawing explanation]

Fig. 1 is the vertical takeoff and landing state of four whirlpool oar vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft);

Fig. 2 is the transition condition of four whirlpool oar vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft);

Fig. 3 is that the flat of four whirlpool oar vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft) flies state;

Fig. 4 is the vertical takeoff and landing state of turbofan vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft);

Fig. 5 is the transition condition of turbofan vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft);

Fig. 6 is that the flat of turbofan vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft) flies state;

Fig. 7 is the vertical takeoff and landing state of thrust type turbofan vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft);

Fig. 8 is the transition condition of thrust type turbofan vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft);

Fig. 9 is that the flat of thrust type turbofan vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft) flies state.

[detailed description of the invention] elaborates to vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft) of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is the vertical takeoff and landing state of four whirlpool oar vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft): when taking off vertically, wing [1] front end rotates up 90 degree with the whirlpool oar be fixed on wing [1] or fanjet [2], and the gravity that the power that driving engine [2] is produced upwards overcomes aircraft [4] realizes taking off; Then the transition condition that wing [1] slowly tilts forward as Fig. 2 with whirlpool oar or fanjet [2] has just been become present fixed wing aircraft to the flat state that flies of horizontality as Fig. 3; When landing, slowly upwards to be inclined along the face vertical with wing [1] with whirlpool oar or fanjet [2] by wing [1] again and turn 90 degrees, the power that driving engine is produced upwards allows aircraft [4] slowly decline gradually.Vert in process whole, blade or fan [3] plane of revolution of wing [1] and whirlpool oar or fanjet [2] are vertical all the time; For ensureing that aircraft [4] especially forward and backward wing tip [5] of plunderring the wing [1] of wing aircraft does not upwarp, also do not sink, level all the time, wing [1] rotates along the face vertical with wing [1] with whirlpool oar or fanjet [2].The turbofan vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft) that the program is also applicable to two to send out, the whirlpool oar of six or more and fanjet are fixed on wing.

Fig. 4 is the vertical takeoff and landing state of turbofan vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft): when taking off, fanjet [7] 90-degree rotation straight up of wing [6] front end, and the gravity that the power that driving engine [7] is produced upwards overcomes aircraft [8] realizes taking off; Then the transition condition slowly tilted forward by fanjet [7] as Fig. 5 has just become present fixed wing aircraft to the flat state that flies of horizontality as Fig. 6; During landing, slowly inclined straight up by fanjet [7] again and turn 90 degrees, the power that driving engine [7] is produced upwards allows aircraft [8] slowly decline gradually.Can by two or the multiple integral driving engine as U.S. B52 totally one point [9] that fixedly vert side by side for increasing thrust.Fanjet can be placed in wing [6] front end, fuselage [10] both sides as required respectively, also can be placed in wing [6] front end and fuselage [10] both sides simultaneously.

Fig. 7 is the vertical takeoff and landing state of thrust type turbofan vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft): when taking off, by adjustable scoop [12] shifted forward before the turbofan boost engine [11] of its entirety, afterburner below and vector tail nozzle [13] backward translation stop certain space [14] and [15], allow middle fanjet [11] that vertical direction to 90 degree can be rotated straight up, the gravity that the power that driving engine [11] is produced upwards overcomes aircraft realizes taking off, then fanjet [11] is slowly tilted forward transition condition as Fig. 8 to horizontality as the flat of Fig. 9 flies state, allow adjustable scoop [12] translation backward above again, afterburner below and vector tail nozzle [13] shifted forward to original position make space [14] just become present fixed wing aircraft with [15] disappearance, during landing, allow adjustable scoop [12] shifted forward above, afterburner below and vector tail nozzle [13] translation backward again, allow middle fanjet [11] can rotate vertical direction to 90 degree straight up, the power that driving engine [11] is produced upwards allows aircraft slowly decline gradually.When takeoff and landing in order to promote lift and the efficiency of driving engine, fan and the by-pass air duct of large or super-large diameter can be used; A variable geometry inlet Cai Yongjinqidaojihechicunkebianfangshi，Shi Boxihuo [16] can be established before the rear portion of driving engine [11] by-pass air duct or afterburner [13], open completely in takeoff and landing with when not opening reinforcing, ensure that the air-flow in by-pass air duct passes through unblockedly, when opening reinforcing, along with the lifting of air speed, under ensuring enough air and entering the prerequisite of afterburner [13], the area that can reduce variable geometry inlet Cai Yongjinqidaojihechicunkebianfangshi，Shi Boxihuo [16] gradually improves thrust and the efficiency of thrust type fanjet.

Claims

1. a vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft), it is characterized in that respectively to using whirlpool oar or fanjet to be placed in wing, what use fanjet can supersonic flight use the fixed wing aircraft of thrust type fanjet to transform with requiring, by their fixed wing, be fixed on the fanjet on wing nose or fuselage both sides and thrust type fanjet, make into rotate up 90 degree around fuselage or wing nose and can fix in its arbitrarily angled and position, owing to having adjustable scoop before thrust type fanjet, there are afterburner and vector tail nozzle below, entirety is very long, its driving engine can be divided into three detachable parts: adjustable scoop above can anterior-posterior translation with afterburner below and vector tail nozzle, middle fanjet can 90 degree of rotations.

2. use whirlpool oar according to claim 1 or fanjet are placed in the vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft) of wing, it is characterized in that: when taking off vertically, wing [1] front end with the whirlpool oar be fixed on wing [1] or fanjet [2] along vertical with wing [1] towards upper 90-degree rotation, the gravity that the power that driving engine [2] is produced upwards overcomes aircraft [4] realizes taking off, then wing [1] is slowly tilted forward to horizontality with whirlpool oar or fanjet [2] and just become present fixed wing aircraft, when landing, again wing [1] slowly upwards to be inclined along the face vertical with wing [1] with whirlpool oar or fanjet [2] and turn 90 degrees, the power that driving engine is produced upwards allows aircraft [4] slowly decline gradually, vert in process whole, blade or fan [3] plane of revolution of wing [1] and whirlpool oar or fanjet [2] are vertical all the time, the turbofan vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft) that the program is also applicable to two to send out, the whirlpool oar of six or more and fanjet are fixed on wing.

3. the vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft) of use fanjet according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when taking off, fanjet [7] 90-degree rotation straight up of wing [6] front end, the gravity that the power that driving engine [7] is produced upwards overcomes aircraft [8] realizes taking off, then fanjet [7] is slowly tilted forward to horizontality and just become present fixed wing aircraft, during landing, again fanjet [7] is slowly inclined straight up and turn 90 degrees, the power that driving engine [7] is produced upwards allows aircraft [8] slowly decline gradually, can by two or the multiple integral driving engine as U.S. B52 totally one point [9] that fixedly vert side by side for increasing thrust, fanjet can be placed in wing [6] front end, fuselage [10] both sides as required respectively, also can be placed in wing [6] front end and fuselage [10] both sides simultaneously.

4. the vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL aircraft) requiring energy supersonic flight use thrust type fanjet according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when taking off, by adjustable scoop [12] shifted forward before the turbofan boost engine [11] of its entirety, afterburner below and vector tail nozzle [13] backward translation stop certain space [14] and [15], allow middle fanjet [11] that vertical direction to 90 degree can be rotated straight up, the gravity that the power that driving engine [11] is produced upwards overcomes aircraft realizes taking off, then fanjet [11] is slowly tilted forward to horizontality, allow adjustable scoop [12] translation backward above again, afterburner below has just become present fixed wing aircraft with vector tail nozzle [13] shifted forward to original position, during landing, allow adjustable scoop [12] shifted forward above, afterburner below and vector tail nozzle [13] translation backward again, allow middle fanjet [11] that vertical direction to 90 degree can be rotated straight up, the power that driving engine [11] is produced upwards allows aircraft slowly decline gradually, fan and the by-pass air duct of large or super-large diameter can be used, a variable geometry inlet Cai Yongjinqidaojihechicunkebianfangshi，Shi Boxihuo [16] can be established before the rear portion of driving engine [11] by-pass air duct or afterburner [13].