CN104924137A - Clamp assembly for finish machining of thin-wall ring columnar part and machining method - Google Patents
Clamp assembly for finish machining of thin-wall ring columnar part and machining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104924137A CN104924137A CN201510408012.2A CN201510408012A CN104924137A CN 104924137 A CN104924137 A CN 104924137A CN 201510408012 A CN201510408012 A CN 201510408012A CN 104924137 A CN104924137 A CN 104924137A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/12—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for securing to a spindle in general
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q2703/00—Work clamping
- B23Q2703/02—Work clamping means
- B23Q2703/10—Devices for clamping workpieces of a particular form or made from a particular material
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Abstract
The invention provides a clamp assembly for finish machining of a thin-wall ring columnar part. The outer diameter of the thin-wall ring columnar part is 1.05-1.25 times of the inner diameter of the thin-wall ring columnar part, and the axial height of the thin-wall ring columnar part is smaller than the outer diameter of the thin-wall ring columnar part. The clamp assembly comprises a first clamp and a second clamp, the first clamp is used for clamping the axial two ends of the part and carrying out finish machining on the outer circle face of the part, the outer circle of the clamping position of the first clamp is not in contact with the inner circle of the part, and the second clamp is used for clamping the outer circle of the part and carrying out finish machining on the inner circle face of the part. The invention further correspondingly provides a machining method of the thin-wall ring columnar part. By means of the clamps and the method, the roundness and the coaxial precision of the thin-wall ring columnar part obtained after finish turning is carried out can be obviously improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Machining Technology field of improving element precision, particularly a kind of clamp assembly for thin-walled Ring-cylindrical Finishing Parts Machining and processing method.
Background technology
In the drive axle of heavy truck, there is a lot of vehicle to have wheel hem retarding mechanism, in current wheel hem retarding mechanism, can't do without ring gear gear part.The structure of this part tooth base is thin-walled Ring-cylindrical part, and in process, inside and outside it, circularity and coaxial accuracy are very difficult to ensure card, adopts the conventional point cantact method of process as rigidity cannot reach the requirement of product figure.Therefore invent a kind of new clamp assembly and processing method, improve the machining accuracy of thin-walled Ring-cylindrical part, be the basis making high-end (tooth base) product, good application prospect will be had.
Patent CN201120135767.7 proposes a kind of fixture of preventing roundness deformation of thin-wall sleeve parts, comprise fore-end and rear end part, fore-end comprises frock tie-plate, positioning disk, apotting spindle, and rear end part comprises upper press cover, main shaft, center sleeve, bearing position-arresting disk, bearing spacer sleeve, bearing.Described front-end of spindle is upper press cover, and described bearing has two, is respectively bearing I and bearing I I, is arranged on main shaft.By using this utility model, in cylindrical turning process, prevent thin-wall sleeve parts from producing roundness deformation, ensure that thin-wall sleeve parts adds endoporus and the size of cylindrical and circularity requires, axiality between inside and outside circle requires, the perpendicularity requirement of axially bored line and end face in man-hour, this utility model structure is simple, easy to use.
The using method of this fixture is: 1, be connected on lathe by the frock tie-plate of fore-end by chuck, installs positioning disk and apotting spindle successively.2, the upper press cover of rear end part, main shaft, center sleeve, bearing position-arresting disk, bearing spacer sleeve, bearing are arranged on lathe back tail seat; 3, be placed on apotting spindle by processed thin-wall sleeve parts, lathe back tail seat drives the upper press cover in rear end part to be compressed by part; 4, after being compressed by part, lathe carries out turning processing to part, thus ensures the requirement of part outer circularity.
Although considered in such fixture at the axial two ends of part to part apply pressure with the periphery of processing parts, but in the program, thin-wall sleeve parts is enclosed within its apotting spindle 3, between thin-wall sleeve parts and apotting spindle 3, inevitably produces radial interaction force.In addition, not relating to the processing of part inner headed face in the program, is also do not relate in the program improving inner circle trueness error.
Patent CN201020202347.1 is separately had to disclose a kind of thin walled cylindrical part processing clamp, be intended to overcome the baroque deficiency of prior art thin cylinder clamp for machining, there is provided a kind of structure simple, precision is high, the fixture that clamping thin-walled cylinder part chucking power is balanced especially, main idea is, fixture is made up of the mandrel being provided with shoulder, the external diameter of shoulder is less than the external diameter of thin cylinder part, the external diameter of mandrel and the diameter of bore of thin cylinder part configure by 0 ~ 0.02mm interference fit precision, mandrel periphery is at least provided with one groove, described shoulder is circumferentially provided with the uniform interval trough at least two places, described mandrel hardness is made lower than the material of workpiece material hardness.This utility model clamp structure is simple, precision is high, makes easily; Balanced especially for clamping thin-walled cylinder part chucking power, it is little especially that part adds post-construction deformation, and coaxiality deviation is less than 0.02mm after testing, and circularity and cylindricity are all less than 0.025mm; The form error of inspected parts all meets designing requirement.
Wherein, concrete operation method is: 1. adopt engine lathe to process, the external diameter of thin cylinder part leaves chipping allowance; 2. first processing thin-walled cylinder part endoporus, then join car mandrel by 0 ~ 0.02mm interference fit precision, core back-end is provided with shoulder; 3. divide equally the interval trough of milling shoulder; 4. thin cylinder part is press-fited on mandrel, last turning thin-wall cylinder part cylindrical.
But the diameter of bore of the external diameter and thin cylinder part that indicate mandrel in the program especially configures by 0 ~ 0.02mm interference fit precision, also the cooperation namely between the two is a kind of tight fit, and in method, showing part outer, to add man-hour thin cylinder part be press-fit on mandrel.In addition, the processing method of this part is the processing mode of the inner circle of first processing parts, reprocessing part outer, and does not relate to the machining accuracy adopting which kind of method to ensure inner circle in the program.
Therefore, this area also needs a kind of clamp assembly for thin-walled Ring-cylindrical Finishing Parts Machining and processing method, makes the inside and outside round degree of part and axiality thereof all can guarantee a minimum trueness error.
Summary of the invention
Therefore the object of the invention is the circularity and the coaxial accuracy that improve thin-walled Ring-cylindrical part, promote the manufacture level of thin-walled Ring-cylindrical part (as gear ring base).
Therefore, first the present invention provides a kind of clamp assembly for thin-walled Ring-cylindrical Finishing Parts Machining, and the external diameter of described thin-walled Ring-cylindrical part is 1.05 ~ 1.25 times of internal diameter, and its axial height is less than its external diameter; Described clamp assembly comprises the first fixture and the second fixture, described first fixture for clamp described part axial two ends and for carrying out precision processing to the periphery of part, the cylindrical that first fixture clamps position does not contact with the inner circle of part, described second fixture for clamp described part periphery and for carrying out precision processing to the inner headed face of part.
In the present invention, described thin-walled Ring-cylindrical part also can be described as thin cylinder part or thin-wall sleeve parts, thin-walled Ring-cylindrical part in the present invention before fine finishining through preliminary working, thus it has possessed certain circularity and axiality, especially the depth of parallelism of its axial both ends of the surface has been machined to suitable precision, such as≤0.2mm, more preferably≤0.1mm.
In a kind of concrete embodiment, described first fixture comprises chuck body, bolt chuck body be connected on the ring flange of spindle of numerical control lathe, part carried out to precision and add the pressing plate that is positioned at man-hour outside chuck body free end end and be used for pull bar that described pressing plate is compressed and unclamped; The external diameter of the free end of described chuck body is less than the internal diameter of described part, and the two difference d >=0.05mm; Described pull bar makes one end of clamp loose or compressing component by being connected to the flexible of piston rod in the oil cylinder on lathe and axially-movable, breach picking and placeing for described pressing plate that described pressing plate is greater than described pull bar external diameter containing width, that communicate in pressing plate and between pressing plate periphery.
The invention provides simple first fixture of a kind of structure, in the first fixture, use the hydraulic oil cylinder driving pull bar axially-movable be connected on lathe, coordinate the design of the pressing plate of ad hoc structure, make the handling of part very light.Guarantee in the present invention that the external diameter of the free end of chuck body is less than the internal diameter of described part, and the two difference d >=0.05mm, the free end and can not producing making part easily can load the first fixture significantly rocks.Described breach is such as arc-shaped slot.In the present invention, after using described holder part, the operation such as turning and grinding can be carried out to part, first make the precision of the roundness of external circle of thin-walled Ring-cylindrical part be largely increased.Preferably, described d=d1+d2, and described d1 is the trueness error value of part inner headed face, described d2 is the surplus gap of retaining again, and d2 is 0.05 ~ 0.20mm.Design like this can guarantee that in the first fixture corresponding precision process, chuck body can not apply the active force in any radial direction to part, and then guarantees the precision of roundness of external circle.Further preferably, described d2 is 0.10 ~ 0.20mm.
In a kind of concrete embodiment, described second fixture comprises three the wide soft claws evenly arranged along the outer circumference of described part, and described wide soft claw contains the inner concave arc surface mated with described part outer face.
In the present invention, the length being meant to the circular arc line that its inner concave arc surface mates with part outer of " wide " of described wide soft claw is longer, make described three wide soft claws to the periphery of part in half parcel extremely full package status, the meaning of " soft " of described wide soft claw refers to that the material that the second fixture uses is relative soft material, makes it possible to be processed accurately by its inner concave arc surface on lathe.In the present invention, by the Combination Design of the second fixture and the first fixture, not only make the precision of the roundness of external circle of thin-walled Ring-cylindrical part be largely increased, and the precision of its inner circle circularity significantly improves, the precision of the axiality of part significantly improves simultaneously.
Preferably, three times of the length of the circular arc line that the inner concave arc surface of described wide soft claw mates with part outer is 75% ~ 90% of described part outer girth.
In a kind of concrete embodiment, in described wide soft claw, inner concave arc surface part height is vertically 60% ~ 80% of described part axial height.
In a kind of concrete embodiment, the diameter 0 ~ 0.02mm larger than the part outer diameter having carried out processing through the first fixture of the inner concave arc surface of described wide soft claw.
The present invention also provides a kind of processing method of thin-walled Ring-cylindrical Finishing Parts Machining, comprises and successively uses the first fixture as above and the processing of the second fixture.
In a kind of concrete embodiment, before fine finishining is carried out to described thin-walled Ring-cylindrical part, the parallelism error≤0.1mm of the axial both ends of the surface of described thin-walled Ring-cylindrical part.
In a kind of concrete embodiment, described thin-walled Ring-cylindrical part carries out the part outer deviation from circular from≤0.05mm after fine finishining, coaxiality error≤0.07mm, preferred features roundness of external circle error≤0.02mm, coaxiality error≤0.035mm.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be the first clamp structure schematic diagram and with part coordinate fine finishining schematic diagram,
Fig. 2 be the second clamp structure schematic diagram and with part coordinate fine finishining schematic diagram,
Wherein, 01-thin-walled Ring-cylindrical part, 1-chuck body, 11-chuck body free end, 2-bolt, 3-pressing plate, 31-breach, 4-pull bar, the wide soft claw of 5-.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in detail by following examples, but the present invention is not limited in following embodiment.The present invention can be used for the finishing passes such as turning and grinding of thin-walled Ring-cylindrical part, for turning operation, the present invention is described in following examples.
First the present invention provides a kind of clamp assembly for thin-walled Ring-cylindrical Finishing Parts Machining, comprises the first fixture and the second fixture.Described first fixture comprises chuck body 1, the bolt 2 chuck body be connected on the ring flange of spindle of numerical control lathe, part carried out to precision and add the pressing plate 3 that is positioned at man-hour outside chuck body free end 11 end and be used for pull bar 4 that described pressing plate is compressed and unclamped; The external diameter of the free end of described chuck body is less than the internal diameter of described part, and the two difference d >=0.05mm; Described pull bar makes one end of clamp loose or compressing component by being connected to the flexible of piston rod in the oil cylinder on lathe and axially-movable, breach 31 picking and placeing for described pressing plate that described pressing plate is greater than described pull bar external diameter containing width, that communicate in pressing plate and between pressing plate periphery.Described second fixture comprises three the wide soft claws 5 evenly arranged along the outer circumference of described part, and described wide soft claw contains the inner concave arc surface mated with described part outer face, three times of the length of the circular arc line that the inner concave arc surface of described wide soft claw mates with part outer is 75% ~ 90% of described part outer girth.
In the present invention, part blank requires that hardness 156 ~ 230HB, one-piece part hardness scattered error is not more than 8HB, and metallographic reaches GB 4 grades first through normalizing or modifier treatment.Rough turn operation must ensure that part both ends of the surface parallelism error is no more than 0.1mm.
Finish turning is turning at twice, when first finish turning (finish turning part outer), with part end face and inner bore of part location, but only compressing component end face and do not make part produce any radial load, first finish turning divides the cylindrical of two cutter processing parts.See Fig. 1, the key point of first finish turning is must leave gap between inner bore of part and the first fixture cylindrical, and gap value is as the criterion easily to load and obviously not rock.The effect leaving gap be ensure part in axial grip process not distortion or deflection minimum, turning complete unclamp time part deformation just very little.In addition, in first finish turning process, part outer size must unanimously (part external diameter is axially consistent), the benchmark clamped when it is second finish turning.
After completing first finish turning, start oil cylinder make the pull bar in Fig. 1 turn right motion 5mm, the track of described pressing plate along its breach is taken out, then is unloaded described part.
See Fig. 2, when second finish turning (finish turning inner bore of part), adopt the good hydraulic self-centering chuck of precision, three are connected to the wide soft claw on chuck, with part axial end face and an excircle orientation, the cylindrical of (three synchronous radial motions of claw) Clamp blocks, the endoporus of point two cutter processing parts.Key point in second finish turning is: 1, first carry out finish turning to wide soft claw, and the interior concaved circular cambered surface radius of wide soft claw and part outer radius are kept consistency, and the difference optimum control of the two radius is within 0.01mm; 2, during wide soft claw holding parts to the parcel amount of part, be circumferentially 75% ~ 90% altogether, axial height is good with 60% ~ 80%.After part finish turning, the coaxiality error of endoporus circularity and endoporus and cylindrical is all very little.
Those skilled in the art understand ground, and in first finish turning and second finish turning process, described fixture carries part and moves in a circle, and lathe tool is fixed diametrically, but axially with certain speed feeding.
Embodiment 1 and comparative example 1
Prepare tested parts 20, material trademark 40Cr, normalized treatment after forging, hardness 180 ~ 230HB, within one-piece part hardness scattered error 8HB, metallographic reaches GB 4 grades, and rough turn rear accessory size is 198.5mm × 171.5mm × 56mm (external diameter × internal diameter × axial height), and rough turn rear both ends of the surface parallelism error is less than 0.08mm.
Experiment part divides 2 groups each 10, and adopt common process (comparative example 1) and present invention process (embodiment 1) respectively, finish turning finished size is
(external diameter × internal diameter × axial height).Wherein, above-mentioned first fixture and the second fixture in the present invention is adopted to carry out turning in embodiment 1, and in comparative example 1, adopt conventional point cantact method to carry out turning, namely be first uniformly distributed with the claw of three in scroll chuck and withstand inner bore of part and fine finishining is carried out to part outer face, then be uniformly distributed with the claw of three in scroll chuck and withstand part outer and fine finishining is carried out to part inner headed face.In addition, embodiment 1 is identical with the cutting parameter of comparative example 1, and in table 1, and in table 1, corresponding numerically controlled lathe is the model that Li Wei Hangzhou, Taiwan factory produces is the lathe of T-8, and the cutter such as the knife bar of turning and blade provides for Zhuzhou diamond company.
Table 1
List the precision result of the part of method gained in embodiment 1 and comparative example 1 in table 2, the data in table 2 adopt three-coordinate instrument to detect to obtain.
Table 2
As seen from Table 2, with external diameter × internal diameter × axial height after fine finishining be
part be example, common process processing inside and outside deviation from circular from all at more than 0.1mm, coaxiality error is at more than 0.08mm.And after adopting present invention process to process, within roundness of external circle error can be controlled in 0.02mm, within endoporus phase coaxiality error to foreign round can be controlled in 0.035mm (and high-precision roundness of external circle and high-precision coaxial degree just must illustrate that the inner circle circularity of part provided by the invention is also high accuracy).
Operating conditions of the present invention is the method changing conventional holding parts, adopt more scientific part clamp method, decrease the clamping distortion of part, improvement of the present invention does not need to drop into too much cost, can receive good effect, method provided by the invention and fixture make the circularity of thin-walled Ring-cylindrical part and coaxial accuracy improve 4 grades and raising about 2 grades respectively.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1., for the clamp assembly of thin-walled Ring-cylindrical Finishing Parts Machining, the external diameter of described thin-walled Ring-cylindrical part (01) is 1.05 ~ 1.25 times of internal diameter, and its axial height is less than its external diameter; Described clamp assembly comprises the first fixture and the second fixture, described first fixture for clamp described part axial two ends and for carrying out precision processing to the periphery of part, the cylindrical that first fixture clamps position does not contact with the inner circle of part, described second fixture for clamp described part periphery and for carrying out precision processing to the inner headed face of part.
2. clamp assembly according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first fixture comprises chuck body (1), the bolt (2) chuck body is connected on the ring flange of spindle of numerical control lathe, part carried out to precision and add and be positioned at the pressing plate (3) outside chuck body free end (11) end and the pull bar (4) for described pressing plate is compressed and unclamped man-hour; The external diameter of the free end of described chuck body is less than the internal diameter of described part, and the two difference d >=0.05mm; Described pull bar makes one end of clamp loose or compressing component by being connected to the flexible of piston rod in the oil cylinder on lathe and axially-movable, breach (31) picking and placeing for described pressing plate that described pressing plate is greater than described pull bar external diameter containing width, that communicate in pressing plate and between pressing plate periphery.
3. clamp assembly according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described d=d1+d2, and described d1 is the trueness error value of part inner headed face, and described d2 is the surplus gap of retaining again, and d2 is 0.05 ~ 0.20mm.
4. according to the clamp assembly in claims 1 to 3 described in any one, it is characterized in that, described second fixture comprises three the wide soft claws (5) evenly arranged along the outer circumference of described part, and described wide soft claw contains the inner concave arc surface mated with described part outer face.
5. clamp assembly according to claim 4, is characterized in that, three times of the length of the circular arc line that the inner concave arc surface of described wide soft claw mates with part outer is 75% ~ 90% of described part outer girth.
6. clamp assembly according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in described wide soft claw, inner concave arc surface part height is vertically 60% ~ 80% of described part axial height.
7. clamp assembly according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the diameter 0 ~ 0.02mm larger than the part outer diameter having carried out processing through the first fixture of the inner concave arc surface of described wide soft claw.
8. a processing method for thin-walled Ring-cylindrical Finishing Parts Machining, comprises and successively using as the first fixture in claim 1 ~ 7 as described in any one and the processing of the second fixture.
9. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, before fine finishining is carried out to described thin-walled Ring-cylindrical part, and the parallelism error≤0.1mm of the axial both ends of the surface of described thin-walled Ring-cylindrical part.
10. method according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterized in that, described thin-walled Ring-cylindrical part carries out the part outer deviation from circular from≤0.05mm after fine finishining, coaxiality error≤0.07mm, preferred features roundness of external circle error≤0.02mm, coaxiality error≤0.035mm.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108620926A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-10-09 | 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 | A kind of steam turbine high-pressure cylinder gas exhaust piping changeover portion auxiliary compaction tool and its processing method |
| CN108890535A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-27 | 河北中瓷电子科技有限公司 | A kind of grinder |
| CN110153509A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-08-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of thin-walled herringbone gear clamp for machining |
| CN110205470A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-09-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of fixture of heat treatment of thin-wall annular gear |
| CN110539170A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-12-06 | 中冶陕压重工设备有限公司 | Machining method of high-precision hollow sleeve |
| CN110842606A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-02-28 | 中核(天津)科技发展有限公司 | Clamping fixture for machining arc-shaped sample of thin-wall annular part |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108620926A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-10-09 | 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 | A kind of steam turbine high-pressure cylinder gas exhaust piping changeover portion auxiliary compaction tool and its processing method |
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| CN110153509A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-08-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of thin-walled herringbone gear clamp for machining |
| CN110205470A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-09-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of fixture of heat treatment of thin-wall annular gear |
| CN110539170A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-12-06 | 中冶陕压重工设备有限公司 | Machining method of high-precision hollow sleeve |
| CN110842606A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-02-28 | 中核(天津)科技发展有限公司 | Clamping fixture for machining arc-shaped sample of thin-wall annular part |
| CN112059206A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-12-11 | 中国航空工业集团公司济南特种结构研究所 | High-precision connecting ring coaxiality machining device and machining method |
| CN115302285A (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2022-11-08 | 沈阳微控新能源技术有限公司 | Lathe clamp assembly and lathe |
| CN115780893A (en) * | 2023-02-08 | 2023-03-14 | 成都和鸿科技股份有限公司 | Broaching machining method and clamp for mortise of thin-wall disc part |
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|---|---|
| CN104924137B (en) | 2018-01-09 |
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