CN104923889B - The assembling and welding method of welded gear - Google Patents

The assembling and welding method of welded gear Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104923889B
CN104923889B CN201510375732.3A CN201510375732A CN104923889B CN 104923889 B CN104923889 B CN 104923889B CN 201510375732 A CN201510375732 A CN 201510375732A CN 104923889 B CN104923889 B CN 104923889B
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China
Prior art keywords
welding
weld seam
web
weld
face
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201510375732.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN104923889A (en
Inventor
杨清涛
隆刚伟
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chongqing Gearbox Co Ltd
Chongqing Gearbox and Machinery Co Ltd
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Chongqing Gearbox Co Ltd
Chongqing Gearbox and Machinery Co Ltd
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Application filed by Chongqing Gearbox Co Ltd, Chongqing Gearbox and Machinery Co Ltd filed Critical Chongqing Gearbox Co Ltd
Priority to CN201510375732.3A priority Critical patent/CN104923889B/en
Publication of CN104923889A publication Critical patent/CN104923889A/en
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Publication of CN104923889B publication Critical patent/CN104923889B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/18Submerged-arc welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/235Preliminary treatment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/32Accessories

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of assembling and welding method of welded gear, comprise the following steps:Upper and lower surface web and gusset first are carried out into welding to combine, and annealing destressing is carried out to it, then each weld groove of Vehicle Processing;Backing weld seam welding is carried out to the weld seam between web and wheel hub and web and gear ring successively again;Then the weld seam between weld seam and gear ring and the face web successively to wheel hub between a wherein face web is filled weld seam welding, and then turn-over is filled weld seam welding and cap weld welding to the weld seam between the weld seam and gear ring between wheel hub and another side web and the face web successively;Turn-over carries out further filling to the weld seam between the weld seam and gear ring and the face web between wheel hub and the face web successively again and final cap weld is welded;Finally annealing destressing and ultrasonic examination.The welding deadline of so each bar weld seam more concentrates, and significantly reduces processing step, shortens the production cycle, reduces web deformation.

Description

The assembling and welding method of welded gear
Technical field
The invention belongs to welding technology field, specifically, more particularly to a kind of assembling and welding method of welded gear.
Background technology
At present, the general process for assembling and welding of welded gear is:
The first step:Two pieces web is welded with gusset group, forms web component;
Second step:The annealing destressing of web component;
3rd step:Car web component inner circle groove, the cylindrical groove of wheel hub;
4th step:Wheel hub and web component are welded, hub unit is formed;
5th step:Hub unit annealing destressing;
6th step:Ultrasonic examination is carried out to wheel hub and web weld seam;
7th step:Wheel hub member perimeter groove, skiving circle inner circle groove;
8th step:Hub unit and gear ring carry out group weldering, form welded gear;
9th step:Welded gear annealing destressing;
Tenth step:Gear ring is detected a flaw with web weld seam.
Web component and wheel hub group first are welded to form hub unit by above-mentioned process, then hub unit and gear ring group are welded Form welded gear.Because technological requirement is after weld seam welding is completed, anneal destressing as soon as possible, to reduce weldering as best one can The internal flaw of seam.Also, require to carry out carrying out flaw detection to weld seam after annealing destressing, accomplish that defect is found as early as possible, it is to avoid Follow-up work causes the waste of the resources of production.So existing process for assembling and welding must be after web component and the weldering of wheel hub group Annealing destressing and ultrasonic examination are carried out in time, and also once to be moved back again after hub unit with the weldering of gear ring group Fiery destressing and ultrasonic examination, cause the problem of process is more, the production cycle is long, the extremely disadvantageous control in production cost.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of assembling and welding method of welded gear, for shortening weldering Connect production cycle, the reduction production cost of gear.
Technical scheme is as follows:A kind of assembling and welding method of welded gear, comprises the following steps:
The first step:Upper and lower surface web and gusset are carried out into welding to combine, web component is formed;
Second step:Annealing destressing for the first time;
3rd step:The inner circle groove and cylindrical groove of Vehicle Processing web, and the cylindrical groove and gear ring of Vehicle Processing wheel hub Inner circle groove;
4th step:
(1) first web component is combined with wheel hub and backing weld seam is carried out to the weld seam between upper and lower surface web and wheel hub Welding, forms hub unit;
(2) hub unit is combined with gear ring again and backing weld seam is carried out to the weld seam between upper and lower surface web and gear ring Welding;
(3) and then the weld seam first to wheel hub between a wherein face web is filled weld seam and is soldered to 1/3 weld penetration, Weld seam is filled to the weld seam between gear ring and the face web again and is soldered to 1/3 weld penetration;
(4) then turn-over first the weld seam between wheel hub and another side web is filled weld seam welding and cosmetic welding seam weld Connect;Then weld seam welding and cap weld welding are filled to the weld seam between gear ring and the face web;
(5) last turn-over again first carries out further filling and final cosmetic welding to the weld seam between wheel hub and the face web Seam welding, then carries out further filling to the weld seam between gear ring and the face web and final cap weld is welded;
5th step:Second of annealing destressing;
6th step:Ultrasonic examination is carried out to each weld seam.
The present invention is by the adjustment to processing step, when by web component and wheel hub and gear ring Combination Welding, first to wheel All weld seams between hub and web, web and gear ring carry out backing weld seam welding, then to a wherein face web and wheel hub and Weld seam between the face web and gear ring is filled weld seam welding, and then turn-over is to another side web and wheel hub and the face web Weld seam between gear ring is filled weld seam welding and cap weld welding, and finally turn-over is to corresponding web again and takes turns Weld seam between hub and the face web and gear ring is filled to be welded with cap weld, so that wheel hub, web component and gear ring First pass through backing weld seam to combine, be then filled weld seam welding and cap weld welding, make the welding of each bar weld seam Deadline more concentrates, and finally only needs to carry out once annealing destressing and ultrasonic examination, efficiently avoid Web component and wheel hub group carry out annealing destressing and ultrasonic examination process after welding, significantly reduce processing step, The production cycle is shortened, the utilization rate to production equipment and labour is considerably improved, reduces being produced into for welded gear This.
Also, first carry out backing weld seam welding, be filled weld seam welding and cap weld welding again, pass through backing weld seam Welding first carries out assembling sizing to welded gear, makes the positioning between wheel hub, web and gear ring more accurate;And bottoming, fill out Fill, capping layering welding, welding efficiency is high, weldquality is good, appearance of weld is attractive in appearance, is conducive to improving the intensity of weld seam and tough Property.
Moreover, when weld seam welding and cap weld welding is filled, first the weld seam of wherein one side is filled, so Turn-over is filled and capping to the weld seam of another side afterwards, and finally turn-over is further filled out to the weld seam for most starting the side again Fill and final capping, it is to avoid first wherein will simultaneously be filled up completely with after capping, weld contraction causes web and gear ring Deformation, makes the deformation on welded gear two sides more balanced, makes the Weld Performance on welded gear two sides more balanced, stably.
Also, when the weld seam to every one side carries out each layer welding, weld seam first between welding wheel hub and web, The weld seam between web and gear ring is welded again, and so operation has following benefit:
(1), due to needing to preheat weld seam before welding, and the weld seam that can not be heat-treated in time after welding needs persistently to add Heat insulation, if ecto-entad welding, certainly will cause the severe of construction environment, therefore be welded from inside to outside, as much as possible Influence of the temperature rise to operational comfort is reduced, makes the construction of operator more convenient;
(2), should in the torsion that unit area is born using the weld seam between median ventral plate inner ring and wheel hub, because inner radii is small Power is bigger than outer ring, so requiring higher to the weldquality between web and wheel hub, first welds the weld seam between web and wheel hub, Make weld seam constraint for being subject in welding small, ensure that the weld seam is in free state as best one can, be conducive to improving web with The quality of weld seam between wheel hub;If first the weld seam between welding web and gear ring, adds weld seam between web and wheel hub Constraint during welding, increases the quality risk of weld seam between web and wheel hub;
(3) if, weld seam first between welding web and gear ring, the weld seam of web outer is long, and web is by outside drawing Power is big, and the deformation of web is big, influences big to the quality of welded gear;But wheel hub and web are first welded, web is by inside Pulling force can the pulling force outside to web outer below be balanced, the deformation of web is more much smaller than first welding outer.
By original welded gear technique, web outside is complete free state, the weld seam between welding web and wheel hub When, web easily produces wave transformation, it is necessary to carry out follow-up smoothing.But, it is uneven there are still web thickness after smoothing Even the problem of, it have impact on the static balance of welded gear.And the welding method provided using the present invention, wheel hub, web, gear ring are first complete Portion's assembling is fixed by backing weld seam, and the stress of web is more balanced during welding, significantly reduces the wave transformation of web, weldering The static balance effect for connecing gear is more preferable.
The web and gusset are made by the steel alloy of Q345D materials, and the wheel hub and gear ring are by 18CrNiMo7-6 The steel alloy of material is made.
When the first step median ventral plate is combined with gusset progress welding, backing weld seam welding first is carried out to each weld seam, then Weld seam is filled to each weld seam to weld, and the backing weld seam welding and filling weld seam welding between web and gusset are used Full-argon gas shielded arc welding.
Backing weld seam welding parameter between the first step median ventral plate and gusset is:Welding current 180-220A, welding Voltage 20-24V, speed of welding 25-40cm/min;Filling weld seam welding parameter between the first step median ventral plate and gusset For:Welding current 200-270A, weldingvoltage 22-33V, speed of welding 25-40cm/min.
Backing weld seam welding in 4th step uses the filling weld seam welding in full-argon gas shielded arc welding, the 4th step Submerged-arc welding is used with cap weld welding.
Backing weld seam welding parameter in 4th step is:Welding current 180-220A, weldingvoltage 20-24V, welding Speed 25-40cm/min;Weld seam welding parameter is filled in 4th step is:Welding current 370-500A, weldingvoltage 28- 36V, speed of welding 35-40cm/min;Cap weld welding parameter is in 4th step:Welding current 370-450A, welding Voltage 28-34V, speed of welding 35-40cm/min.
Groove on the web, wheel hub and gear ring is band root face " u "-shaped groove, wherein bevel angle α=15 °, Radius R=5mm between groove face and root face, knuckle between groove face and root face to root face outer face Vertical range d1=5mm, the thickness h 1=5mm of root face.
Chamfering is set on the top of the root face, angle β=25 ° between the chamfering and the vertical plane of face of weld, chamfering Depth h2=3mm.Because the fit-up gap between the web and wheel hub and web and gear ring of welded gear requires control in 3-5 Within millimeter, and fit-up gap is smaller, and weld seam is less susceptible to through welding.Existing solution is generally the thickness for reducing root face, and The present invention efficiently avoid the problem of too small weld seam in gap can not be penetrated, while also avoiding by opening up chamfering on root face Root face too thin easy burn-through the problem of.
The reference plane being recessed upwards is offered in the bottom surface of the root face, the reference plane is parallel with face of weld, institute State the width d2=5mm of reference plane.Reference surface is opened up, the position between each part and height are looked for when assembling It is accurate.
Beneficial effect:By the present invention in that wheel hub, web component and gear ring first pass through backing weld seam and combined, then Weld seam welding and cap weld welding are filled, the welding deadline of each bar weld seam is more concentrated, significantly reduces Processing step, shorten the production cycle, reduce web deformation, with being skillfully constructed, cost it is low and the features such as improve easy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of welded gear in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of root face in the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, described embodiment example is shown in the drawings, wherein from beginning to end Same or similar label represents same or similar element or the element with same or like function.Below with reference to attached Figure description embodiment is exemplary, it is intended to explains the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is further described by the embodiment to the present invention, makes the technology of the present invention Scheme and its advantage are clearer, clear and definite.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the present invention comprises the following steps:
The first step:Upper and lower surface web 2 and gusset 4 are carried out into welding to combine, web component is formed.Also, the web 2 It is made with gusset 4 by the steel alloy of Q345D materials.When the web 2 is combined with the progress welding of gusset 4, first each weld seam is entered Row backing weld seam weld, then each weld seam is filled weld seam welding, between web 2 and gusset 4 backing weld seam welding and Fill weld seam welding and use full-argon gas shielded arc welding.Backing weld seam welding parameter between the web 2 and gusset 4 is:Weldering Meet electric current 180-220A, weldingvoltage 20-24V, speed of welding 25-40cm/min.Filling between the web 2 and gusset 4 Weld seam welding parameter is:Welding current 200-270A, weldingvoltage 22-33V, speed of welding 25-40cm/min.
Second step:Annealing destressing for the first time;Wherein annealing temperature is 550-580 degrees Celsius, is incubated 4-6 hours.
3rd step:The inner circle groove and cylindrical groove of Vehicle Processing web 2, and the cylindrical groove and tooth of Vehicle Processing wheel hub 3 The inner circle groove of circle 1.The wheel hub 3 and gear ring 1 are made by the steel alloy of 18CrNiMo7-6 materials.Also, the web 2, Groove on wheel hub 3 and gear ring 1 is band root face " u "-shaped groove, wherein bevel angle α=15 °, groove face 5 and root face 6 it Between radius (i.e. root radius) R=5mm, knuckle between groove face 5 and root face 6 to the outer face of root face 6 Vertical range d1=5mm, the thickness h 1=5mm of root face 6.Chamfering 7 is set on the top of the root face 6, the chamfering 7 and welding table Angle β=25 ° between the vertical plane in face, the depth h2=3mm of chamfering 7.Upward depression is offered in the bottom surface of the root face 6 Reference plane 8, the reference plane 8 is parallel with face of weld, the width d2=5mm of the reference plane 8.
4th step:
(1) first web component is combined with wheel hub 3 and bottoming is carried out to the weld seam between upper and lower surface web 2 and wheel hub 3 Weld seam is welded, and forms hub unit;
(2) hub unit is combined with gear ring 1 again and bottoming is carried out to the weld seam between upper and lower surface web 2 and gear ring 1 Weld seam is welded;
And then the weld seam first to wheel hub 3 between a wherein face web 2 is filled weld seam to be soldered to 1/3 weld seam deep (3) Spend, then weld seam is filled to the weld seam between gear ring 1 and the face web 2 and be soldered to 1/3 weld penetration;
(4) then turn-over first the weld seam between wheel hub 3 and another side web 2 is filled weld seam welding and cap weld Welding;Then weld seam welding and cap weld welding are filled to the weld seam between gear ring 1 and the face web 2;
(5) last turn-over again first carries out further filling and final capping to the weld seam between wheel hub 3 and the face web 2 Weld seam welding is until weldering completely, then carries out further filling and final cosmetic welding to the weld seam between gear ring 1 and the face web 2 Seam welding is until weldering is full;
Backing weld seam welding uses full-argon gas shielded arc welding, the welding of filling weld seam and cap weld welding in this step Use submerged-arc welding.And backing weld seam welding parameter is in this step:Welding current 180-220A, weldingvoltage 20- 24V, speed of welding 25-40cm/min;Weld seam welding parameter is filled in this step is:Welding current 370-500A, welding electricity Press 28-36V, speed of welding 35-40cm/min;Cap weld welding parameter is in this step:Welding current 370-450A, weldering Meet voltage 28-34V, speed of welding 35-40cm/min.
5th step:Second of annealing destressing, wherein annealing temperature are 550-580 degrees Celsius, are incubated 4-6 hours.
6th step:Ultrasonic examination is carried out to each weld seam.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of assembling and welding method of welded gear, it is characterised in that:Web (2) and gusset (4) by Q345D materials conjunction Jin Gang is made, and wheel hub (3) and gear ring (1) are made by the steel alloy of 18CrNiMo7-6 materials, further comprising the steps of:
The first step:Upper and lower surface web (2) and gusset (4) are carried out into welding to combine, web component is formed;
Second step:Annealing destressing for the first time;
3rd step:The inner circle groove and cylindrical groove of Vehicle Processing web (2), and the cylindrical groove and tooth of Vehicle Processing wheel hub (3) The groove enclosed on the inner circle groove of (1), the web (2), wheel hub (3) and gear ring (1) is band root face " u "-shaped groove, wherein Bevel angle α=15 °, the radius R=5mm between groove face (5) and root face (6), groove face (5) and root face (6) knuckle between is to the vertical range d1=5mm of root face (6) outer face, the thickness h 1=5mm of root face (6);Described The top of root face (6) sets chamfering (7), angle β=25 ° of the chamfering (7) between the vertical plane of face of weld, chamfering (7) Depth h2=3mm, the reference plane (8) being recessed upwards, the reference plane (8) and welding are offered in the bottom surface of the root face (6) Surface is parallel, the width d2=5mm of the reference plane (8);
4th step:
(1) first web component is combined with wheel hub (3) and the weld seam between upper and lower surface web (2) and wheel hub (3) is beaten Back welding seam welding, forms hub unit;
(2) hub unit is combined with gear ring (1) again and the weld seam between upper and lower surface web (2) and gear ring (1) is beaten Back welding seam welding;
And then the weld seam first to wheel hub (3) between a wherein face web (2) is filled weld seam to be soldered to 1/3 weld seam deep (3) Spend, then weld seam is filled to the weld seam between gear ring (1) and the face web (2) and be soldered to 1/3 weld penetration;
(4) then turn-over first the weld seam between wheel hub (3) and another side web (2) is filled weld seam welding and cap weld Welding;Then weld seam welding and cap weld welding are filled to the weld seam between gear ring (1) and the face web (2);
(5) last turn-over again first carries out further filling and final capping to the weld seam between wheel hub (3) and the face web (2) Weld seam is welded, and further filling and final cosmetic welding seam weld are then carried out to the weld seam between gear ring (1) and the face web (2) Connect;
5th step:Second of annealing destressing;
6th step:Ultrasonic examination is carried out to each weld seam.
2. the assembling and welding method of welded gear according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The first step median ventral plate (2) When being combined with gusset (4) progress welding, backing weld seam welding first is carried out to each weld seam, weld seam weldering is then filled to each weld seam Connect, and the backing weld seam welding and filling weld seam welding between web (2) and gusset (4) use full-argon gas shielded arc welding.
3. the assembling and welding method of welded gear according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The first step median ventral plate (2) Backing weld seam welding parameter between gusset (4) is:Welding current 180-220A, weldingvoltage 20-24V, speed of welding 25- 40cm/min;Filling weld seam welding parameter between the first step median ventral plate (2) and gusset (4) is:Welding current 200- 270A, weldingvoltage 22-33V, speed of welding 25-40cm/min.
4. the assembling and welding method of welded gear according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:Backing welding in 4th step Seam welding uses the welding of filling weld seam and cap weld welding in full-argon gas shielded arc welding, the 4th step to use submerged-arc welding.
5. the assembling and welding method of welded gear according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:Backing welding in 4th step Seam welding parameter is:Welding current 180-220A, weldingvoltage 20-24V, speed of welding 25-40cm/min;In 4th step Filling weld seam welding parameter is:Welding current 370-500A, weldingvoltage 28-36V, speed of welding 35-40cm/min;Described Cap weld welding parameter is in four steps:Welding current 370-450A, weldingvoltage 28-34V, speed of welding 35-40cm/min.
CN201510375732.3A 2015-07-02 2015-07-02 The assembling and welding method of welded gear Expired - Fee Related CN104923889B (en)

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WO2023036468A1 (en) * 2021-09-10 2023-03-16 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Lightweight and low noise gear assembly

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