CN104923889A - Assembly welding method of welded gear - Google Patents
Assembly welding method of welded gear Download PDFInfo
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- CN104923889A CN104923889A CN201510375732.3A CN201510375732A CN104923889A CN 104923889 A CN104923889 A CN 104923889A CN 201510375732 A CN201510375732 A CN 201510375732A CN 104923889 A CN104923889 A CN 104923889A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/18—Submerged-arc welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses an assembly welding method of a welded gear. The assembly welding method comprises the following steps: welding and combining up and down webs and a rib plate, performing annealing and stress-relieving, and then turning each weld groove; successively performing backing welded seam welding for welded seams between the webs and a wheel hub and the webs and a tooth ring; successively performing filling welded seam welding for the welded seam between the wheel hub and one web and the welded seam between the tooth ring and the above web, and then turning over and successively performing filling welded seam welding and cap weld welding for the welded seam between the wheel hub and the other web and the welded seam between the tooth ring and the other web; then turning over again and successively performing further filling and final cap weld welding for the welded seam between the wheel hub and the web and the welded seam between the tooth ring and the web; and finally annealing and stress-relieving, and performing ultrasonic flaw detection. So that welding completion time of each welded seam is more concentrated, processing steps are substantially decreased, production cycle is shortened, and web deformation is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to welding technology field, specifically, particularly a kind of assembling and welding method of welded gear.
Background technology
At present, the process for assembling and welding that welded gear is general is:
The first step: two pieces web and gusset assembly welding, forms web assembly;
Second step: web assembly annealing destressing;
3rd step: car web assembly inner circle groove, wheel hub cylindrical groove;
4th step: welding wheel hub and web assembly, forms hub unit;
5th step: hub unit annealing destressing;
6th step: ultrasonic examination is carried out to wheel hub and web weld seam;
7th step: wheel hub member perimeter groove, skiving circle inner circle groove;
8th step: hub unit and gear ring carry out assembly welding, forms welded gear;
9th step: welded gear annealing destressing;
Tenth step: gear ring and web weld seam are detected a flaw.
Web assembly and wheel hub assembly welding are first formed hub unit by above-mentioned process, then hub unit and gear ring assembly welding are formed welded gear.Because technological requirement is after weld seam has welded, destressing of annealing as soon as possible, to have reduced the internal flaw of weld seam as best one can.Further, require that butt welded seam carries out carrying out flaw detection after annealing destressing, accomplish that defect finds as early as possible, avoid follow-up work to cause the waste of the resources of production.So existing process for assembling and welding must carry out annealing destressing and ultrasonic examination in time after web assembly and wheel hub assembly welding, and also will once anneal again after hub unit and gear ring assembly welding destressing and ultrasonic examination, cause the problem that operation is many, the production cycle is long, be extremely unfavorable for the control of production cost.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the assembling and welding method providing a kind of welded gear, for shortening production cycle, the reduction production cost of welded gear.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of assembling and welding method of welded gear, comprises the following steps:
The first step: upper and lower surface web and gusset are carried out welding and combine, forms web assembly;
Second step: destressing of annealing for the first time;
3rd step: the inner circle groove of Vehicle Processing web and cylindrical groove, and the inner circle groove of the cylindrical groove of Vehicle Processing wheel hub and gear ring;
4th step:
(1) first web assembly is combined with wheel hub and carries out backing weld seam to upper and lower surface web and the weld seam between wheel hub and weld, form hub unit;
(2) again hub unit is combined with gear ring and carries out backing weld seam to upper and lower surface web and the weld seam between gear ring and weld;
(3) then first filling weld seam is carried out to wheel hub and the weld seam wherein between a web and be soldered to 1/3 weld penetration, then filling weld seam is carried out to the weld seam between gear ring and this face web be soldered to 1/3 weld penetration;
(4) then turn-over first carries out filling weld seam to the weld seam between wheel hub with another side web and to weld and cap weld welds; Then carry out filling weld seam to the weld seam between gear ring with this face web to weld and cap weld welds;
(5) last turn-over more first carries out filling further to the weld seam between wheel hub with this face web and final cap weld welds, and then carries out further to fill and final cap weld welds to the weld seam between gear ring with this face web;
5th step: destressing of annealing for the second time;
6th step: ultrasonic examination is carried out to each weld seam.
The present invention is by the adjustment to processing step, when by web assembly and wheel hub and gear ring Combination Welding, first to wheel hub and web, all weld seams between web with gear ring carry out backing weld seam and weld, then carry out filling weld seam with wheel hub and this face web with the weld seam between gear ring to a wherein web to weld, then turn-over carries out filling weld seam to another side web and wheel hub and this face web and the weld seam between gear ring and to weld and cap weld welds, last turn-over again to be filled with the weld seam between gear ring the web of correspondence and wheel hub and this face web and cap weld welds, thus make wheel hub, web assembly and gear ring are first combined by backing weld seam, then the welding of filling weld seam and cap weld welding is carried out, make the welding deadline of each bar weld seam more concentrated, last needs once to anneal destressing and ultrasonic examination, efficiently avoid the operation of to carry out annealing after web assembly and wheel hub assembly welding destressing and ultrasonic examination, significantly reduce processing step, shorten the production cycle, considerably improve the utilization rate to production equipment and labour, reduce the production cost of welded gear.
Further, first carry out backing weld seam welding, carry out the welding of filling weld seam and cap weld welding again, by backing weld seam welding, assembling is first carried out to welded gear and shape, make wheel hub, location between web and gear ring more accurate; And bottoming, filling, capping layering welding, welding efficiency is high, weldquality good, appearance of weld is attractive in appearance, is conducive to the intensity and the toughness that improve weld seam.
Moreover, when the welding of filling weld seam and cap weld welding, first to wherein one side weld seam fill, then the weld seam of turn-over to another side is filled and capping, last turn-over again carries out filling further and final capping to the weld seam starting most the side, avoids and first will wherein one side to fill completely and after capping, weld seam contraction causes the distortion of web and gear ring, make the deformation on welded gear two sides more balanced, make the Weld Performance on welded gear two sides more balanced, stable.
Further, when carrying out each layer welding to the weld seam of every one side, all first welding the weld seam between wheel hub and web, then welding the weld seam between web and gear ring, operation has following benefit like this:
(1), owing to needing butt welded seam preheating before welding, and can not continuous heating be needed to be incubated by timely heat treated weld seam after welding, if ecto-entad welding, the severe of construction environment certainly will be caused, therefore weld from inside to outside, decrease the impact of temperature rising on operational comfort as much as possible, make the construction of operator more convenient;
(2), because inner radii is little, the torsional stress using the weld seam between median ventral plate inner ring and wheel hub to bear in unit are is larger than outer ring, so require higher to the weldquality between web and wheel hub, first weld the weld seam between web and wheel hub, the constraint that this weld seam is subject to when welding is little, ensure that this weld seam is in free state as best one can, be conducive to the quality improving weld seam between web and wheel hub; If first weld the weld seam between web and gear ring, then add constraint when weld seam welds between web with wheel hub, increase the quality risk of weld seam between web and wheel hub;
(3) if first weld the weld seam between web and gear ring, the weld seam of web outer is long, and it is large that web is subject to outside pulling force, and the deformation of web is large, large to the quality influence of welded gear; But first welding wheel hub and web, web is subject to inside pulling force and can balances the pulling force that web outer is below outside, and it is much smaller that the deformation ratio of web first welds outer.
By original welded gear technique, web outside is complete free state, and when welding the weld seam between web and wheel hub, web easily produces wave transformation, needs to carry out follow-up smoothing.But, still there is the uneven problem of web thickness after smoothing, have impact on the static balance of welded gear.And adopting welding method provided by the invention, wheel hub, web, gear ring are first all assembled and are fixed by backing weld seam, and during welding, web is stressed more balanced, significantly reduces the wave transformation of web, the static balance better effects if of welded gear.
Described web and gusset are made by the steel alloy of Q345D material, and described wheel hub and gear ring are made by the steel alloy of 18CrNiMo7-6 material.
Described first step median ventral plate and gusset carry out welding when combining; first backing weld seam welding is carried out to each weld seam; then to each weld seam carry out filling weld seam welding, and the backing weld seam between web with gusset weld and fills weld seam weld all adopt full-argon gas shielded arc welding.
Backing weld seam welding parameter between described first step median ventral plate and gusset is: welding current 180-220A, weldingvoltage 20-24V, speed of welding 25-40cm/min; Filling weld seam welding parameter between described first step median ventral plate and gusset is: welding current 200-270A, weldingvoltage 22-33V, speed of welding 25-40cm/min.
Backing weld seam welding in described 4th step all adopts full-argon gas shielded arc welding, and the filling weld seam welding in the 4th step and cap weld welding all adopt submerged-arc welding.
Backing weld seam welding parameter in described 4th step is: welding current 180-220A, weldingvoltage 20-24V, speed of welding 25-40cm/min; Filling weld seam welding parameter in described 4th step is: welding current 370-500A, weldingvoltage 28-36V, speed of welding 35-40cm/min; In described 4th step, cap weld welding parameter is: welding current 370-450A, weldingvoltage 28-34V, speed of welding 35-40cm/min.
Groove on described web, wheel hub and gear ring is band root face " U " shape groove, wherein bevel angle α=15 °, radius R=5 between groove face and root face, knuckle between groove face and root face to the vertical range d1=5mm of root face outer face, the thickness h 1=5mm of root face.
Chamfering is established, angle β=25 ° between this chamfering and vertical plane of face of weld, the degree of depth h2=3mm of chamfering on the top of described root face.Because the web of welded gear and wheel hub and the fit-up gap between web and gear ring require to control within 3-5 millimeter, and fit-up gap is less, and weld seam is more not easy through welding.Existing solution mostly is and reduces the thickness of root face, and the present invention by offering chamfering on root face, and efficiently avoid the too little weld seam in gap can not the problem of through welding, it also avoid the too thin problem of easily burning of root face simultaneously.
Offer the datum level upwards caved in the bottom surface of described root face, described datum level parallels with face of weld, the width d2=5mm of described datum level.Offer reference surface, when assembling to the position between each parts with highly find accurately.
Beneficial effect: the present invention is first combined by backing weld seam by making wheel hub, web assembly and gear ring, then the welding of filling weld seam and cap weld welding is carried out, make the welding deadline of each bar weld seam more concentrated, significantly reduce processing step, shorten the production cycle, decrease web distortion, have be skillfully constructed, cost is low and improve the features such as easy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of welded gear in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of root face in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Be described below in detail embodiments of the invention, described embodiment example is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has element that is identical or similar functions from start to finish.Be exemplary below by embodiment is described with reference to the drawings, be intended to explain the present invention, and can not limitation of the present invention be interpreted as.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by being further described the specific embodiment of the present invention, make technical scheme of the present invention and beneficial effect thereof clearly, clearly.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the present invention includes following steps:
The first step: carried out welding with gusset 4 by upper and lower surface web 2 and combine, forms web assembly.Further, described web 2 and gusset 4 are made by the steel alloy of Q345D material.Described web 2 and gusset 4 carry out welding when combining, and first carry out backing weld seam welding to each weld seam, then carry out the welding of filling weld seam to each weld seam, and the backing weld seam between web 2 with gusset 4 welds and fills weld seam and welds and all adopt full-argon gas shielded arc welding.Backing weld seam welding parameter between described web 2 and gusset 4 is: welding current 180-220A, weldingvoltage 20-24V, speed of welding 25-40cm/min.Filling weld seam welding parameter between described web 2 and gusset 4 is: welding current 200-270A, weldingvoltage 22-33V, speed of welding 25-40cm/min.
Second step: destressing of annealing for the first time; Wherein annealing temperature is 550-580 degree Celsius, insulation 4-6 hour.
3rd step: the inner circle groove of Vehicle Processing web 2 and cylindrical groove, and the inner circle groove of the cylindrical groove of Vehicle Processing wheel hub 3 and gear ring 1.Described wheel hub 3 and gear ring 1 are made by the steel alloy of 18CrNiMo7-6 material.And, groove on described web 2, wheel hub 3 and gear ring 1 is band root face " U " shape groove, wherein bevel angle α=15 °, radius (i.e. root radius) R=5 between groove face 5 and root face 6, knuckle between groove face 5 and root face 6 to the vertical range d1=5mm of root face 6 outer face, the thickness h 1=5mm of root face 6.Chamfering 7 is established, angle β=25 ° between this chamfering 7 and vertical plane of face of weld, the degree of depth h2=3mm of chamfering 7 on the top of described root face 6.Offer the datum level 8 upwards caved in the bottom surface of described root face 6, described datum level 8 parallels with face of weld, the width d2=5mm of described datum level 8.
4th step:
(1) first web assembly is combined with wheel hub 3 and carries out backing weld seam to the weld seam between upper and lower surface web 2 with wheel hub 3 and weld, form hub unit;
(2) again hub unit is combined with gear ring 1 and carries out backing weld seam to the weld seam between upper and lower surface web 2 with gear ring 1 and weld;
(3) then first filling weld seam is carried out to wheel hub 3 and the weld seam wherein between a web 2 and be soldered to 1/3 weld penetration, then filling weld seam is carried out to the weld seam between gear ring 1 and this face web 2 be soldered to 1/3 weld penetration;
(4) then turn-over first carries out filling weld seam to the weld seam between wheel hub 3 with another side web 2 and to weld and cap weld welds; Then carry out filling weld seam to the weld seam between gear ring 1 with this face web 2 to weld and cap weld welds;
(5) last turn-over more first carries out filling further to the weld seam between wheel hub 3 with this face web 2 and final cap weld weld until weld completely, then carries out further to fill and final cap weld welds until weld completely to the weld seam between gear ring 1 with this face web 2;
In this step, backing weld seam welding all adopts full-argon gas shielded arc welding, and the welding of filling weld seam and cap weld welding all adopt submerged-arc welding.And backing weld seam welding parameter is in this step: welding current 180-220A, weldingvoltage 20-24V, speed of welding 25-40cm/min; Filling weld seam welding parameter in this step is: welding current 370-500A, weldingvoltage 28-36V, speed of welding 35-40cm/min; In this step, cap weld welding parameter is: welding current 370-450A, weldingvoltage 28-34V, speed of welding 35-40cm/min.
5th step: destressing of annealing for the second time, wherein annealing temperature is 550-580 degree Celsius, insulation 4-6 hour.
6th step: ultrasonic examination is carried out to each weld seam.
Claims (9)
1. an assembling and welding method for welded gear, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
The first step: carried out welding with gusset (4) by upper and lower surface web (2) and combine, forms web assembly;
Second step: destressing of annealing for the first time;
3rd step: the inner circle groove of Vehicle Processing web (2) and cylindrical groove, and the inner circle groove of the cylindrical groove of Vehicle Processing wheel hub (3) and gear ring (1);
4th step:
(1) first web assembly is combined with wheel hub (3) and carries out backing weld seam to the weld seam between upper and lower surface web (2) with wheel hub (3) and weld, form hub unit;
(2) again hub unit is combined with gear ring (1) and carries out backing weld seam to the weld seam between upper and lower surface web (2) with gear ring (1) and weld;
(3) then first filling weld seam is carried out to wheel hub (3) and the weld seam wherein between a web (2) and be soldered to 1/3 weld penetration, then filling weld seam is carried out to the weld seam between gear ring (1) and this face web (2) be soldered to 1/3 weld penetration;
(4) then turn-over first to the weld seam between wheel hub (3) with another side web (2) carry out filling weld seam weld and cap weld weld; Then to the weld seam between gear ring (1) with this face web (2) carry out filling weld seam weld and cap weld weld;
(5) last turn-over more first carries out filling further to the weld seam between wheel hub (3) with this face web (2) and final cap weld welds, and then carries out further to fill and final cap weld welds to the weld seam between gear ring (1) with this face web (2);
5th step: destressing of annealing for the second time;
6th step: ultrasonic examination is carried out to each weld seam.
2. the assembling and welding method of welded gear according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described web (2) and gusset (4) are made by the steel alloy of Q345D material, described wheel hub (3) and gear ring (1) are made by the steel alloy of 18CrNiMo7-6 material.
3. the assembling and welding method of welded gear according to claim 2; it is characterized in that: described first step median ventral plate (2) and gusset (4) carry out welding when combining; first backing weld seam welding is carried out to each weld seam; then the welding of filling weld seam is carried out to each weld seam, and the backing weld seam between web (2) with gusset (4) welds and fills weld seam welds and all adopt full-argon gas shielded arc welding.
4. the assembling and welding method of welded gear according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the backing weld seam welding parameter between described first step median ventral plate (2) and gusset (4) is: welding current 180-220A, weldingvoltage 20-24V, speed of welding 25-40cm/min; Filling weld seam welding parameter between described first step median ventral plate (2) and gusset (4) is: welding current 200-270A, weldingvoltage 22-33V, speed of welding 25-40cm/min.
5. the assembling and welding method of welded gear according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the backing weld seam welding in described 4th step all adopts full-argon gas shielded arc welding, and the filling weld seam welding in the 4th step and cap weld weld and all adopt submerged-arc welding.
6. the assembling and welding method of welded gear according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the backing weld seam welding parameter in described 4th step is: welding current 180-220A, weldingvoltage 20-24V, speed of welding 25-40cm/min; Filling weld seam welding parameter in described 4th step is: welding current 370-500A, weldingvoltage 28-36V, speed of welding 35-40cm/min; In described 4th step, cap weld welding parameter is: welding current 370-450A, weldingvoltage 28-34V, speed of welding 35-40cm/min.
7. the assembling and welding method of welded gear according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6, it is characterized in that: the groove on described web (2), wheel hub (3) and gear ring (1) is band root face " U " shape groove, wherein bevel angle α=15 °, radius R=5 between groove face (5) and root face (6), knuckle between groove face (5) and root face (6) to the vertical range d1=5mm of root face (6) outer face, the thickness h 1=5mm of root face (6).
8. the assembling and welding method of welded gear according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: establish chamfering (7) on the top of described root face (6), angle β=25 ° between this chamfering (7) and the vertical plane of face of weld, the degree of depth h2=3mm of chamfering (7).
9. the assembling and welding method of welded gear according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: offer the datum level (8) upwards caved in the bottom surface of described root face (6), described datum level (8) parallels with face of weld, the width d2=5mm of described datum level (8).
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| CN201510375732.3A CN104923889B (en) | 2015-07-02 | 2015-07-02 | The assembling and welding method of welded gear |
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| CN201510375732.3A CN104923889B (en) | 2015-07-02 | 2015-07-02 | The assembling and welding method of welded gear |
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| CN104923889B CN104923889B (en) | 2017-10-03 |
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| CN106624669A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-10 | 湖北富洋机械制造股份有限公司 | Gear welding technology |
| CN108838574A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-20 | 徐州徐工履带底盘有限公司 | A kind of welded type guide wheel exempts from orthopedic processing method |
| CN110497062A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-11-26 | 沃得精机(中国)有限公司 | A kind of eccentric gear and its welding and assembling technics |
| CN110497062B (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2021-04-13 | 沃得精机(中国)有限公司 | Welding process of eccentric gear |
| WO2021120390A1 (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-06-24 | 南京金鑫传动设备有限公司 | Welding, carburizing and quenching method for large gear |
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| CN104923889B (en) | 2017-10-03 |
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