CN104915156A - Three-dimensional entity structure replication method and device thereof - Google Patents
Three-dimensional entity structure replication method and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104915156A CN104915156A CN201410091610.7A CN201410091610A CN104915156A CN 104915156 A CN104915156 A CN 104915156A CN 201410091610 A CN201410091610 A CN 201410091610A CN 104915156 A CN104915156 A CN 104915156A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a three-dimensional entity structure replication method and device thereof. The three-dimensional entity structure replication method comprises the steps that 1 a three-dimensional entity is made to rotate while the three-dimensional entity is shined by X-ray beams, X-rays penetrating through the three-dimensional entity is detected by using a detector, bundles of rays penetrating through the three-dimensional entity in different angles are obtained, and therefore image data are formed; 2 the image date are processed in a three-dimensional reconstruction mode, continuous multiple fault ray attenuation coefficient distributed image data containing structural information of the three-dimensional entity are obtained, and therefore three-dimensional structural data of the three-dimensional entity are extracted from the X-ray attenuation coefficient distributed image data; 3 the three-dimensional structural data are sliced in a layering mode, layer pieces with a certain strength are obtained through printing one by one by using a three-dimensional quick forming device according to forming data of each layer, and the three-dimensional entity corresponding to the three-dimensional structural data is formed by superposing and combining the layer pieces layer by layer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to manufacturing technology field, particularly a kind of method of 3D solid structure replication and device thereof.
Background technology
Traditional paper word reprography, can not obtain autotype from original copy fast by intermediate meanses such as plate-making, drive the revolution of office automation.Modern rapid shaping technique can realize abstract CAD design data to become real-world object fast, has promoted the fast development of advanced manufacturing technology.But, temporarily lacking the occasion manufacturing and designing drawing data, or to inherently not manufacturing and designing the spontaneous combustible substances of drawing data, manual works, old object etc., people wish not rely on and manufacture and design the cumbersome procedure such as drawing and mould, frock, process equipment, production line, can directly copy 3D solid structure, realize by the rapid manufacturing process of the original to duplicate, thus reduce the restriction of the Time and place needed for traditional mode of production.
Current, three-dimensional fast shaping mainly adopts three-dimensional optical instrument scanning object surface to obtain object exterior contour three-dimensional data, by computer software modeling and cutting is continuous cross section, is more successively printed as 3D solid by three-dimensional printer.By the restriction of optical scanning, this mode can only realize copying of object outer contoured shape, then can not obtain its data message, lost internal structure of body shape for lumen type, pass or other objects with complicated inner structure.
Along with the fast development of manufacturing technology and the continuous expansion of three-dimensional fast shaping technical applications, the equipment that only can carry out three-dimensional reproduction to object outward appearance can not meet the needs of more and more application.Therefore, the technology that the overall three-dimensional structure in the urgent need to can comprise exterior contour and inner structure to object simultaneously copies, fully to meet the needs of user to 3D solid structure quick copy.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes to solve above-mentioned problem, its object is to provide a kind of 3D solid structure replication method and device thereof, three-dimensional structure scanning and three-dimensional printing technology is organically combined, composition integrated apparatus equipment.Thus, the overall three-dimensional structure that object comprises exterior contour and inner structure simultaneously can be copied, and, user can pass through touch screen operation, select size scaling multiple, accuracy of repetition, copy the parameters such as quantity, can realize carrying out fast replicate functions to the structure of things.
One aspect of the present invention proposes a kind of method that can copy the internal structure external structure of 3D solid, and as shown in Figure 1,3D solid structure replication method of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) while make 3D solid rotate, make X-ray beam irradiate described 3D solid, utilize detector to detect the X ray through described 3D solid, thus obtain the beam penetrating described 3D solid from different perspectives, form view data;
(2) by carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction process to described view data, thus obtain the attenuation coefficient distributed image data comprising continuous multiple tomography of the structural information of described 3D solid, further, the three-dimensional structure data of described 3D solid is gone out from described attenuation coefficient distributed image extracting data; And
(3) hierarchy slicing is carried out to described three-dimensional structure data, utilizing three-dimensional fast shaping device to print the synusia obtaining and have some strength layer by layer according to the forming data of every layer, being combined into the 3D solid corresponding with described three-dimensional structure data by being layering by described synusia.
By 3D solid structure replication method of the present invention, copying of solid three-dimensional structure can be realized.
In addition, the invention provides a kind of 3D solid structure replication device, it is characterized in that possessing:
Scanister, produces beam and irradiates 3D solid, detecting, obtain the three-dimensional structure data of described 3D solid to the ray through described 3D solid; And
3 D-printing device, carries out 3 D-printing according to the described three-dimensional structure data from described scanister, copies described 3D solid.
In addition, the invention provides a kind of 3D solid structure replication device, it is characterized in that possessing:
Scanister, produces beam and irradiates 3D solid, detecting, obtain the view data of described 3D solid to the ray through described 3D solid;
3 D-printing device, the three-dimensional structure data according to described 3D solid carries out 3 D-printing, copies described 3D solid; And
Data processing and motion control device, complete the control of printing motion process of the process of described view data, three-dimensional reconstruction, the extraction of described three-dimensional structure data, slicing delamination, scanning and described 3 D-printing device.
In addition, the invention provides a kind of 3D solid structure replication device, it is characterized in that possessing:
Radiographic source, for sending beam, irradiates 3D solid;
Detector, for gathering the beam penetrating 3D solid, obtains view data;
Data processing and motion control unit, complete the process of described view data, three-dimensional reconstruction, three-dimensional structure data extraction, slicing delamination, scanning and print the control of motion process;
Printhead, for supplying 3 D-printing material and completing injection of material according to the control of described data processing and motion control unit; And
Carrying and motion, for carrying 3D solid, described printhead, described radiographic source, described detector, further, under the control of described data processing and motion control unit, complete the structural scan of 3D solid and the movement along X, Y, Z axis direction needed for printing and rotation.
In 3D solid structure replication device of the present invention, (1) by data processing and motion control unit to carry and the control of motion makes 3D solid rotate, simultaneously, beam is sent from radiographic source, described 3D solid is irradiated from radiogenic beam, by detector, the X ray through described 3D solid is detected, thus obtain the beam penetrating described 3D solid from different perspectives, form view data; (2) data processing and motion control unit carry out three-dimensional reconstruction process to described view data, thus obtain the attenuation coefficient distributed image data comprising continuous multiple tomography of the structural information of described 3D solid, further, the three-dimensional structure data of described 3D solid is gone out from described attenuation coefficient distributed image extracting data; (3) data processing and motion control unit carry out hierarchy slicing to described three-dimensional structure data, and printhead is controlled, make it print the synusia obtaining and have some strength layer by layer according to the forming data of every layer, thus obtain the 3D solid corresponding with described three-dimensional structure data.
According to the present application, owing to being the three-dimensional structure data utilizing radiographic source and detector to obtain 3D solid, so can copy the overall three-dimensional structure that object comprises exterior contour and inner structure, solve in prior art and adopt three-dimensional optical instrument can only realize copying of object outer contoured shape, then can not obtain its data message for lumen type, pass or other objects with complicated inner structure, lost the problem that internal structure of body shape is such.In addition, according to the present application, three-dimensional structure scanning and three-dimensional printing technology are organically combined, forms integrated apparatus equipment, achieve and carry out three-dimensional data easily and obtain and 3 D-printing.
In addition, according to one embodiment of present invention, described radiographic source is x-ray source or isotope source.
In addition, according to one embodiment of present invention, described radiographic source is one or more.
In addition, according to one embodiment of present invention, the ray energy of described x-ray source is adjustable or fixing.
In addition, according to one embodiment of present invention, described detector is one or more.
In addition, according to one embodiment of present invention, described detector has the form of two-dimensional array or face array.
In addition, according to one embodiment of present invention, described 3D solid structure replication device also possesses alpha ray shield cabinet, be limited in by ray within cabinet and carry out radiation protection, described alpha ray shield cabinet is the structure be combined to form with plumbous (or lead-antimony alloy or tungsten or other heavy metal materials) and steel (or other metal or nonmetallic materials).
In addition, according to one embodiment of present invention, described printhead is one or more.
In addition, according to one embodiment of present invention, described printhead adopts hot melt or adopts laser beam or adopt the 3 D-printing mode of other bonding forms.
In addition, according to one embodiment of present invention, described carrying and motion can pass through realization motion and the location such as motor, screw mandrel guide rail, toothed belt transmission or Chain conveyer.
In addition, according to one embodiment of present invention, described data processing and motion control unit can be the equipment that computing machine or digital control system or PLC etc. have information processing and mechanical motion controlling functions.
In addition, according to detailed description of the invention by reference to the accompanying drawings, above-mentioned feature and advantage of the present invention can be made more obvious.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of 3D solid structure replication method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the 3D solid structure replication device of an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of the 3D solid structure replication process of one embodiment of the present of invention.
Embodiment
Below, the preferred embodiment of the present invention is explained with reference to accompanying drawing.In the accompanying drawings, although be shown in different accompanying drawings, identical Reference numeral is for representing same or analogous assembly.In addition, for clarity and brevity, the detailed description being included in known function and structure is here omitted.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of 3D solid structure replication method of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1,3D solid structure replication method of the present invention comprises the steps: (1) while make 3D solid rotate, while make X-ray beam irradiate described 3D solid, detector is utilized to detect the X ray through described 3D solid, thus obtain the beam penetrating described 3D solid from different perspectives, form view data; (2) by carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction process to described view data, thus obtain the attenuation coefficient distributed image data comprising continuous multiple tomography of the structural information of described 3D solid, further, the three-dimensional structure data of described 3D solid is gone out from described attenuation coefficient distributed image extracting data; (3) hierarchy slicing is carried out to described three-dimensional structure data, utilizing three-dimensional fast shaping device to print the synusia obtaining and have some strength layer by layer according to the forming data of every layer, being combined into the 3D solid corresponding with described three-dimensional structure data by being layering by described synusia.Thereby, it is possible to realize copying of solid three-dimensional structure.
In addition, the 3D solid structure replication device of the present application forms primarily of two parts, one is for carrying out ray scanning to 3D solid structure and obtaining the scanister of the three-dimensional structure data of 3D solid, and another is the 3 D-printing device carrying out 3 D-printing according to the three-dimensional structure data obtained by sweep test.
Specifically, in 3D solid structure replication device of the present invention, scanister produces beam, and, beam is made to irradiate the described 3D solid carrying out rotating, ray through described 3D solid is detected, thus obtain the beam penetrating described 3D solid from different perspectives, form view data, and, by carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction process to described view data, thus obtain the attenuation coefficient distributed image data comprising continuous multiple tomography of the structural information of described 3D solid, and, the three-dimensional structure data of described 3D solid is gone out from described attenuation coefficient distributed image extracting data.3 D-printing device receives the described three-dimensional structure data from scanister, hierarchy slicing is carried out to described three-dimensional structure data, printing the synusia obtaining and there is some strength according to the forming data of every layer layer by layer, being combined into the 3D solid corresponding with described three-dimensional structure data by being layering by described synusia.
In addition, the 3D solid structure replication device of the present application can also be following structure, that is, comprising: scanister, produces beam and irradiates 3D solid, detecting, obtain the view data of described 3D solid to the ray through described 3D solid; 3 D-printing device, the three-dimensional structure data according to described 3D solid carries out 3 D-printing, copies described 3D solid; Data processing and motion control device, complete the control of printing motion process of the process of described view data, three-dimensional reconstruction, three-dimensional structure data extraction, slicing delamination, scanning and described 3 D-printing device.
Specifically, in 3D solid structure replication device of the present invention, scanister produces beam, and, beam is made to irradiate the described 3D solid carrying out rotating, ray through described 3D solid is detected, thus obtain the beam penetrating described 3D solid from different perspectives, form view data, data processing and motion control device carry out three-dimensional reconstruction process to described view data, thus obtain the attenuation coefficient distributed image data comprising continuous multiple tomography of the structural information of described 3D solid, and, the three-dimensional structure data of described 3D solid is gone out from described attenuation coefficient distributed image extracting data, and hierarchy slicing is carried out to described three-dimensional structure data, and, data processing and motion control device control 3 D-printing device, 3 D-printing device prints according to the forming data of every layer the synusia obtaining and have some strength layer by layer, the 3D solid corresponding with described three-dimensional structure data is combined into by being layering by described synusia.
As described above, the 3D solid structure replication device of the present application is made up of scanister and 3 D-printing device or is made up of scanister, 3 D-printing device and data processing and motion control device, but, be not limited to this, also the above-mentioned ingredient completing above-mentioned functions can be formed as one.Such as, figure 2 illustrates the 3D solid structure replication device of this spline structure.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the 3D solid structure replication device of an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 2, the 3D solid structure replication device of present embodiment possesses: the radiographic source 10 sending beam, such as, radiographic source 10 can be x-ray source or isotope source etc., and, although show in the present embodiment, there is a radiogenic situation, but, in fact also can possess multiple radiographic source, and radiogenic ray energy can be adjustable, also can be fixing; Detector 20, for detecting the beam of transmission 3D solid 30, obtain the projecting image data of transmission 3D solid, show the situation with a detector in the present embodiment, but, in fact also can have multiple detector, in addition, detector has the form of two-dimensional array or face array etc.; Alpha ray shield cabinet 40, as the shell of whole device, the structure adopting plumbous (or lead-antimony alloy or tungsten or other heavy metal materials) and steel (or other metal or nonmetallic materials) to be combined to form, is limited in ray within cabinet and carries out radiation protection; Printhead 60, usual employing hot melt or employing laser beam heats melting heat fuse, metal or the rapid prototyping material such as non-metal powder, bonding agent, for supplying 3 D-printing material and completing injection of material, in addition, although show the situation with a printhead in the present embodiment, but, in fact also can have multiple printhead; Carrying and motion 50, carry and undertaken rotating, moving along Y, Z-direction by scanning three-dimensional entity and the 3D solid structure copied, carrying printhead carries out X to motion, usually realizes motion and location by the machineries such as high-accuracy universal stage, motor, screw mandrel guide rail, toothed belt transmission or Chain conveyer and motion structure; Data processing and motion control unit 70, complete the process of view data, three-dimensional reconstruction, three-dimensional structure data extraction, slicing delamination, scanning and print the control of motion process, such as, can be the equipment that computing machine or digital control system or PLC etc. have information processing and mechanical motion control.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, radiographic source 10 is arranged on the side of 3D solid 30, and detector 20 is placed in the opposite side of 3D solid 30, and the beam that radiographic source 10 sends can be detected device 20 and receive transmitted through 3D solid 30 and form view data.Beam is limited within the scope of cabinet by alpha ray shield cabinet 40, ensures radiation safety.When carrying out 3D solid structural scan, 3D solid 30 is placed on plummer, carrying and motion 50 completes rotary motion, moves along Y, Z-direction and locate, thus obtains the transmitted ray view data of multiple angles of 3D solid 30.When carrying out the process of 3D solid structure extraction, data processing and the view data of motion control unit 70 to the 3D solid 30 obtained carry out Intelligent treatment and image reconstruction, obtain the attenuation coefficient view data of continuous tomography, extract solid three-dimensional structure information, and carry out hierarchy slicing.When carrying out three-dimensional structure rapid shaping, under data processing and motion control unit 70 control, printhead 60 carries out X-direction motion, in conjunction with the Y-direction motion that objective table carries out, is sprayed by printed material, solidifies on each layer according to hierarchy slicing data; Under data processing and motion control unit 70 control, carrying and motion 50 carry and are carried out Z-direction motion by printing objects, realize the successively printing of hierarchy slicing, finally complete copying of 3D solid structure.
In addition, Fig. 3 shows the process flow diagram of the 3D solid structure replication process of one embodiment of the present of invention.
As shown in Figure 3, after system boot preliminary work completes, first 3D solid scanning work pattern is selected in step slo, alpha ray shield cabinet 40 is opened in step S20, 3D solid to be copied is positioned on the objective table of carrying and motion 50, close alpha ray shield cabinet 40, in step s 30, start scan operation, by data processing and motion control unit 70, controlling radiographic source 10 sends X-ray beam automatically, X-ray beam receives transmitted through 3D solid 30 and by detector 20 and forms view data, carrying and motion 50 rotate, thus complete the process of the view data scanning of multiple angle, in step s 40, after the end of scan, open alpha ray shield cabinet 40, take out 3D solid, then, close alpha ray shield cabinet 40, data processing and motion control unit 70 carry out Intelligent treatment and image reconstruction, obtain the attenuation coefficient view data of continuous tomography, extract solid three-dimensional structure information, in step s 50, select the convergent-divergent multiple that three-dimensional structure copies, accuracy of repetition, copy the parameters such as quantity, data processing and motion control unit 70 carry out hierarchy slicing, in step S60, start entity structure to copy, data processing and motion control unit 70 are according to hierarchy slicing data, automatic control printhead 60 successively carries out copying of 3D solid structure with carrying and motion 50, in step S70, after 3D solid structure replication completes, open cabinet 40, take out duplicate, complete and once copy flow process.
According to the present application, owing to being the three-dimensional structure data utilizing radiographic source and detector to obtain 3D solid, so can copy the overall three-dimensional structure that object comprises exterior contour and inner structure, solve in prior art and adopt three-dimensional optical instrument can only realize copying of object outer contoured shape, then can not obtain its data message for lumen type, pass or other objects with complicated inner structure, lost the problem that internal structure of body shape is such.In addition, according to the present application, three-dimensional structure scanning and three-dimensional printing technology are organically combined, forms integrated apparatus equipment, achieve and carry out three-dimensional data in real time and obtain and 3 D-printing.
In addition, in the present application, convergent-divergent multiple, accuracy of repetition that three-dimensional structure can be selected to copy, the parameters such as quantity are copied to carry out copying of 3D solid, therefore, it is possible to realize copying the three-dimensional structure zoomed in or out of 3D solid.
Above description is only for realizing embodiments of the present invention; it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art; replace in any amendment do not departed from the scope of the present invention or local; the scope that all should belong to claim of the present invention to limit; therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (14)
1. a 3D solid structure replication method, is characterized in that, possesses following steps:
(1) while make 3D solid rotate, make X-ray beam irradiate described 3D solid, utilize detector to detect the X ray through described 3D solid, thus obtain the beam penetrating described 3D solid from different perspectives, form view data;
(2) by carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction process to described view data, thus obtain the attenuation coefficient distributed image data comprising continuous multiple tomography of the structural information of described 3D solid, further, the three-dimensional structure data of described 3D solid is gone out from described attenuation coefficient distributed image extracting data; And
(3) hierarchy slicing is carried out to described three-dimensional structure data, utilizing three-dimensional fast shaping device to print the synusia obtaining and have some strength layer by layer according to the forming data of every layer, being combined into the 3D solid corresponding with described three-dimensional structure data by being layering by described synusia.
2. a 3D solid structure replication device, is characterized in that, possesses:
Scanister, produces beam and irradiates 3D solid, detecting, obtain the three-dimensional structure data of described 3D solid to the ray through described 3D solid; And
3 D-printing device, carries out 3 D-printing according to the described three-dimensional structure data from described scanister, copies described 3D solid.
3. a 3D solid structure replication device, is characterized in that, possesses:
Scanister, produces beam and irradiates 3D solid, detecting, obtain the view data of described 3D solid to the ray through described 3D solid;
3 D-printing device, the three-dimensional structure data according to described 3D solid carries out 3 D-printing, copies described 3D solid; And
Data processing and motion control device, complete the control of printing motion process of the process of described view data, three-dimensional reconstruction, the extraction of described three-dimensional structure data, slicing delamination, scanning and described 3 D-printing device.
4. a 3D solid structure replication device, is characterized in that, possesses:
Radiographic source, for sending beam, irradiates 3D solid;
Detector, for gathering the beam penetrating 3D solid, obtains view data;
Data processing and motion control unit, complete the process of described view data, three-dimensional reconstruction, three-dimensional structure data extraction, slicing delamination, scanning and print the control of motion process;
Printhead, for supplying 3 D-printing material and completing injection of material according to the control of described data processing and motion control unit; And
Carrying and motion, for carrying 3D solid, described printhead, described radiographic source, described detector, further, under the control of described data processing and motion control unit, complete the structural scan of 3D solid and the movement along X, Y, Z axis direction needed for printing and rotation.
5. 3D solid structure replication device as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that,
Also possess alpha ray shield cabinet, described alpha ray shield cabinet is the structure formed with combinations of materials such as plumbous and steel.
6. 3D solid structure replication device as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that,
Described radiographic source is x-ray source or isotope source.
7. 3D solid structure replication device as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that,
Described radiographic source is one or more.
8. 3D solid structure replication device as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that,
Described radiogenic ray energy is adjustable or fixing.
9. 3D solid structure replication device as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that,
Described detector is one or more.
10. 3D solid structure replication device as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that,
Described detector is the form of two-dimensional array or face array.
11. 3D solid structure replication devices as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that,
Described printhead is one or more.
12. 3D solid structure replication devices as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that,
Described printhead adopts hot melt or adopts laser beam or adopt the 3 D-printing mode of other bonding forms.
13. 3D solid structure replication devices as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that,
Described carrying and motion realize motion and location by motor, screw mandrel guide rail, toothed belt transmission or Chain conveyer.
14. 3D solid structure replication devices as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that,
Described data processing and motion control unit are the equipment with information processing and mechanical motion controlling functions.
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