CN104914016A - Measuring method of sludge flowing states - Google Patents

Measuring method of sludge flowing states Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104914016A
CN104914016A CN201510273381.5A CN201510273381A CN104914016A CN 104914016 A CN104914016 A CN 104914016A CN 201510273381 A CN201510273381 A CN 201510273381A CN 104914016 A CN104914016 A CN 104914016A
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China
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mud
limit
fluidity
steps
water percentage
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黄英豪
董婵
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Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute of National Energy Administration Ministry of Transport Ministry of Water Resources
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Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute of National Energy Administration Ministry of Transport Ministry of Water Resources
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Abstract

The invention discloses a measuring method of sludge flowing states. The measuring method comprises following steps: step A, sludge glutinousness is measured; step B, fluidity of sludge under different water content is determined; step C, sludge flowing states are divided based on the sludge glutinousness and fluidity; and step D, sludge flowing states are determined based on sludge water content against the dividing of sludge flowing states. The measuring method comprises steps of sludge glutinousness determination and sludge fluidity determination; sludge fluidity can be determined directly and quickly via the step of sludge fluidity determination; in the step of sludge glutinousness determination, sludge fluidity is determined according to fluid types; the above two determination results are taken into comprehensive consideration, and overall reflecting of sludge flowing states is achieved.

Description

The assay method of mud flow state
Technical field
The present invention relates to the mensuration of high-moisture percentage dredging silt flowing property in hydraulic engineering and Geotechnical Engineering, specifically relate to and method for measuring is carried out to mud flow state.
Background technology
Along with the increasing of China's hydraulic engineering construction and water environment treatment engineering, the dredging work amount cumulative year after year of the bed muds such as river, lake, ocean.Such as, total accumulation of bottom mud in Taihu Lake is 19.12 hundred million m 3, wherein seriously polluted and need dredging total amount more than 3,500 ten thousand m 3; Jiangsu Province has the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period furnished funds for 5,000,000,000 yuan, and dredged the whole province more than 8000 main river course, total dredging silt amount reaches 600,000,000 m 3; The Dredged marerial that China abandons every year in ocean is all at 100,000,000 m 3above.The issue of in April, 2015 " ten, water " policy, will start the new round climax of bed mud desilting engineering in water environment treatment.
Mud is defined as and deposits in flowing water environment at hydrostatic or slowly in soil mechanics, and is formed through biological chemistry action, its natural moisture content is greater than liquid limit, natural void ratio be more than or equal to 1.5 cohesive soil.Dredging refer to through waterpower to dredge etc. technology will deposition bed mud hydraulic reclamation to the process in stockyard, the Sediment Dredging of China adopts cutter suction dredger usually, by steam piano and mud conveying pipeline by mud hydraulic reclamation to delimitation stockyard, this method mud solid-to-liquid ratio of dredging out only about 1/5, concentration is less than 20%, there is the distinguishing feature that water percentage is high, clay content is high, compressibility is high and undrained strength is low, cause certainly the flump silt process of mud in stockyard slow, be difficult to form the closely knit soil body.
Because the water percentage of dredging silt is high, soil mechanical properties are poor, are mainly treated to master by land hydraulic reclamation or ocean throwing for a long time, not only waste soil body resource but also may cause environmental pollution.In recent years, the resource utilization method development of mud rapidly, such as, sintered brickmaking, plate compression, sludge solidification process etc., and wherein, solidification process is because treatment effeciency is high, be applicable to the process of extensive mud.
Be no matter the methods such as the Dredging Process of mud, or the solidification process of mud, the mobility of mud self is all the important step determining dredging and process.Such as, for the Dredging Process of mud, the long-term bed mud in river lake bottom deposition is after the disturbance of reamer head, bed mud is extracted in mud conveying pipeline by steam piano with the form of mud, generally for that mud is flowed in the duct is smooth and easy, and the dredging concentration of mud and water percentage need to control within the specific limits, concentration is too low, mud conveying pipeline easily blocks, and concentration is too high, and dredging efficiency is low.However, the technician of current China dredging work circle only can determine with experience directly perceived some key parameters dredging link, makes the problem that often there will be mud conveying pipeline blocking in dredging work, has a strong impact on dredging work progress.Equally, for sludge solidification engineering, be no matter the sludge solidification treatment method of the employing solidifying equipment of current comparative maturity, the mud flow automation disposal route still just begun one's study, the mobility of mud is all the important factor in order determining sludge solidification effect.And about the mensuration of mud mobility, country and industry all do not have the standard of special mensuration mud mobility, this also just makes engineering technical personnel have less understanding, and can comply with without specification, causes the generation of engineering problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the defect overcoming prior art, a kind of flow state assay method is provided, respectively the fluidity of mud and glutinousness are measured, and according to measuring the mud fluidity and glutinousness measurement result that obtain, the mobility size and flow state that measure mud are divided, for correlation engineering technician provides the science evaluation method to mud mobility.
The technical scheme realizing the object of the invention is: the assay method of mud flow state, comprising:
Steps A measures mud glutinousness;
Step B is determined at the fluidity under different water cut;
Step C divides the flow state of mud according to the viscosity property of mud and fluidity;
Step D contrasts the division of flow state, according to the flow state of mud water percentage determination mud.
Described steps A specifically comprises:
Steps A 1 measures the viscosity property of mud under each water percentage;
Steps A 2 draws viscosity property curve, determines the type of viscosity property curve, and viscosity property curve type comprises the power-law fluid viscous curve of Newtonian fluid viscous curve, Bingham liquid viscous curve, power-law fluid viscous curve and band yield value;
The limit moisture content that steps A 3 changes according to the viscosity property curve type of tested mud under different water cut, determines the ductility limit W of mud fwith sticky limit W c, wherein, ductility limit W frepresent the limit moisture content that the viscosity property of mud changes from Bingham liquid to power-law fluid, sticky limit W crepresent the limit moisture content that the viscosity property of mud changes from Bingham liquid to Newtonian fluid;
Steps A 4, according to the assay method measuring soil body Atterberg Limit in soil mechanics, determines the liquid limit W of tested mud lwith plastic limit W p, wherein, liquid limit W lfor soil to change the boundary of plastic state (or by plastic state to flow state) into from flow state water percentage, plastic limit W prefer to that soil is transitioned into by plastic state semi-solidduring state limit moisture content.In soil mechanics, the mensuration of liquid, plastic limit generally adopts liquid plastic combine tester, and the corresponding conehead 17mm that buries is liquid limit, and the 2mm that buries is plastic limit.
Measure the viscosity property of mud under different water cut in described steps A 1, be specially and adopt inner cylinder rotating formula rotational viscosimeter to measure:
Mud 2mm to be determined geotechnique is sieved impurities removing, by outer tube inner wall uniform application skim lubricating oil by steps A 11;
Steps A 12 selects suitable rotor according to the denseness of mud, is connected by rotor with motor output shaft, is enclosed within outside rotor by inner core, and puts into urceolus;
Steps A 13 is inserted successively closely knit for mud between urceolus and inner core, until the upper end of inner core is concordant with mud;
Steps A 14 starts power switch, regulate the brake switch of motor, from the end to height, record the dial reading under different rotating speeds successively by rotating speed, coefficient dial reading being multiplied by respective rotor is the shear stress under this rotating speed, according to said method can obtain the shear stress under different rotating speeds respectively;
Steps A 15 cleans urceolus, and allotment mud, to different water percentage, repeats above-mentioned steps A11-A14, until determine the viscosity property of this mud under each water percentage.
Described step B specifically comprises:
Truncated cone round tube inner wall is smeared skim lubricating oil by step B1;
Truncated cone pipe is placed on plexiglass base plate by step B2, and the back side of plexiglass base plate is provided with scale, and the central point O of footpath central point O and poly (methyl methacrylate) plate at the bottom of truncated cone pipe is coincided;
Mud to be measured after 2mm geotechnique sieve is with impurities removing, is successively inserted in truncated cone pipe from suitable for reading, is flushed completely to the closely knit filling of mud to the suitable for reading of truncated cone pipe by step B3;
Support is fixedly connected with truncated cone pipe by step B4, and lifting motor is connected with support;
Step B5 opens lifting motor, arranges pulling speed, makes truncated cone pipe uniform lift 10cm in 5s;
Step B6 until mud on poly (methyl methacrylate) plate deadweight current downflow 30s reach stable after, obtain the flow diameter of mud on each uniform direction, averaged is the fluidity of mud under this water percentage d;
Step B7 passes through formula d rel=( d- do) / Do, obtains the relative fluidity of mud under this water percentage d rel, wherein, dfor the fluidity of mud under this water percentage, do is truncated cone pipe lower port diameter;
Step B8 cleans truncated cone pipe, regulates the water percentage of mud, repeats above-mentioned steps B1-B7, until all measure complete by the fluidity of mud under each water percentage.
Described step C specifically comprises:
Step C1 draws fluidity curve according to the measurement result of step B;
The ductility limit W that step C2 determines according to steps A f, sticky limit W c, liquid limit W lwith plastic limit W p, fluidity curve divides the flow state of mud under different water cut, forms mud flowing state demarcation figure, as mud water percentage W>W ctime, mud is Newtonian fluid, can flowing freely as water; As the water percentage W of mud f≤ W≤W ctime, belong to Bingham liquid, mud is high fluidity fluid; As the water percentage W of mud c<W≤W ltime, belong to power-law fluid, mud is lazy flow fluid; As the water percentage W<W of mud ltime, mud does not have mobility;
Step C3 determines the flow state of mud under certain water percentage according to mud flowing state demarcation, and flow state has four kinds, comprising: automatic flowing, high fluidity, lazy flow and without mobility.
In the method for discrimination of mud mobility and flow state: the mobility size of mud reflects primarily of the measurement result of fluidity, find according to the mensuration of a large amount of mud, to same mud when mobility is different, the type of mud viscous curve can change, in order to divide the flow state of mud, first carry out as given a definition:
Ductility limit (W f)---represent the limit moisture content that the viscosity property of mud changes from Bingham liquid to power-law fluid, be power-law fluid when water percentage is between ductility limit and liquid limit, now mud has very little mobility.
Sticky limit (W c)---represent the limit moisture content that the viscosity property of mud changes from Bingham liquid to Newtonian fluid, higher than being Newtonian fluid during this water percentage, mud can flow freely substantially as water body, and adhesive characteristics is not obvious.
Relative fluidity ( d rel)---truncated cone pipe is mentioned rear mud on poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, is expanded the diameter after stablizing dwith truncated cone pipe lower port diameter dthe difference of o and truncated cone pipe lower port diameter dthe ratio of o, namely d rel=( d- do) / Do is characteristic.
Due in current soil mechanics, only has liquid limit water percentage (W l) and plastic limit water percentage (W p) concept, the state higher again than liquid limit water percentage does not then have special definition and description, and the water percentage of mud is all more than liquid limit state, so, here after defining ductility limit and sticky limit, just can divide the flow state of high-moisture percentage mud, and can be connected mutually with the state about the soil body in traditional soil mechanics.Definition relative fluidity is in order to when the footpath, the end of the truncated cone pipe that technician in Practical Project adopts is different, also can compare and judge.
The assay method of the mud flow state that the present invention proposes comprises mud viscosity property and measures and mud fluidity measuring process, can direct and quick determination mud mobility size by mud fluidity measuring process, glutinousness measuring process is then measure from the angle of fluid type mud mobility, consider two kinds of measurement results, reflect the flow state of mud all sidedly.
The assay method of the mud mobility utilizing the present invention to propose, the fluidity of mud can be measured on the one hand accurately, simultaneously can science the flow state of mud be described, and the division of this state can be connected with soil mechanics mutually with existing fluid mechanics, namely when mud water percentage is greater than sticky limit, hydromechanical research means can be adopted to study the character of mud further, and when mud water percentage is less than liquid limit water percentage, the research means of soil mechanics can be adopted to study the character of mud further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the type of mud viscous curve;
Fig. 2 is the division figure of mud flow state.
Embodiment
Be described further below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment 1
The assay method of mud fluidity, comprising:
Steps A measures mud glutinousness;
Step B is determined at the fluidity under different water cut;
Step C divides the flow state of mud according to the viscosity property of mud and fluidity;
The flow state that step D contrasts mud divides, according to the flow state of mud water percentage determination mud.
Steps A measures mud glutinousness, and concrete steps are as follows:
Steps A 1 measures the viscosity property of mud under each water percentage, is specially and adopts inner cylinder rotating formula rotational viscosimeter to measure:
Mud 2mm to be determined geotechnique is sieved impurities removing, by outer tube inner wall uniform application skim lubricating oil by steps A 11;
Steps A 12 selects suitable rotor according to the denseness of mud, is connected by rotor with motor output shaft, is enclosed within outside rotor by inner core, and puts into urceolus;
Steps A 13 is inserted successively closely knit for mud between urceolus and inner core, until the upper end of inner core is concordant with mud;
Steps A 14 starts power switch, regulate the brake switch of motor, from the end to height, record the dial reading under different rotating speeds successively by rotating speed, coefficient dial reading being multiplied by respective rotor is the shear stress under this rotating speed, according to said method can obtain the shear stress under different rotating speeds respectively;
Steps A 15 cleans urceolus, and allotment mud, to different water percentage, repeats above-mentioned steps A11-A14, until determine the viscosity property of this mud under each water percentage.
Steps A 2 draws viscosity property curve, determines the type of viscosity property curve, comprising: the power-law fluid viscous curve of Newtonian fluid viscous curve, Bingham liquid viscous curve, power-law fluid viscous curve and band yield value, as shown in Figure 1.
The limit moisture content that steps A 3 changes according to the viscosity property curve type of tested mud under different water cut, determines the ductility limit W of mud fwith sticky limit W c, wherein, ductility limit W frepresent the limit moisture content that the viscosity property of mud changes from Bingham liquid to power-law fluid, sticky limit W crepresent the limit moisture content that the viscosity property of mud changes from Bingham liquid to Newtonian fluid.
Steps A 4, according to the assay method measuring soil body Atterberg Limit in soil mechanics, determines the liquid limit W of tested mud lwith plastic limit W p, wherein, liquid limit W lfor soil to change the boundary of plastic state (or by plastic state to flow state) into from flow state water percentage, plastic limit W prefer to that soil is transitioned into by plastic state semi-solidduring state limit moisture content.
Described step B specifically comprises:
Truncated cone round tube inner wall is smeared skim lubricating oil by step B1;
Truncated cone pipe is placed on a plexiglass base plate by step B2, and the back side of plexiglass base plate is provided with scale, and the central point O of footpath central point O and poly (methyl methacrylate) plate at the bottom of truncated cone pipe is coincided;
Mud to be measured after 2mm geotechnique sieve is with impurities removing, is successively inserted in truncated cone pipe from suitable for reading, is flushed completely to the closely knit filling of mud to the suitable for reading of truncated cone pipe by step B3;
Support is fixedly connected with truncated cone pipe by step B4, and lifting motor is connected with support;
Step B5 opens lifting motor, arranges pulling speed, makes truncated cone pipe uniform lift 10cm in 5s;
Step B6 until mud on poly (methyl methacrylate) plate deadweight current downflow 30s reach stable after, obtain the flow diameter of mud on each uniform direction, averaged is the fluidity of mud under this water percentage d;
Step B7 passes through formula d rel=( d- do) / Do, obtains the relative fluidity of mud under this water percentage d rel, wherein, dfor the fluidity of mud under this water percentage, do is truncated cone pipe lower port diameter;
Step B8 cleans truncated cone pipe, regulates the water percentage of mud, repeats above-mentioned steps B1-B7, until all measure complete by the fluidity of mud under each water percentage.
Step C specifically comprises:
Step C1 draws fluidity curve according to the measurement result of step B, as in Fig. 2, figure along the water percentage coordinate direction of arrow, water percentage wreduce;
The ductility limit W that step C2 determines according to steps A f, sticky limit W c, liquid limit W lwith plastic limit W p, fluidity curve divides the flow state of mud under different water cut, as Fig. 2: as mud water percentage W>W ctime, mud is Newtonian fluid, can flowing freely as water; As the water percentage W of mud f≤ W≤W ctime, belong to Bingham liquid, mud is high fluidity fluid; As the water percentage W of mud c<W≤W ltime, belong to power-law fluid, mud is lazy flow fluid; As the water percentage W<W of mud ltime, mud does not have mobility.
According to the division methods of the mud flow state of accompanying drawing 2, can determine the flow state of mud under different water cut, flow state has four kinds, comprising: automatic flowing, high fluidity, lazy flow and without mobility.
The division of 2 mud flow states with reference to the accompanying drawings and mud water percentage determine the flow state of the mud under certain water percentage.As mud water percentage W>W ctime, mud is Newtonian fluid, substantially can flowing freely as water, and its fluidity is very high, in actual dredging silt or process engineering, and W>W cstate little, otherwise, can cause dredging and the engineering inefficiency of process, increase construction costs; As the water percentage W of mud f≤ W≤W ctime, belong to Bingham liquid, mud has very large fluidity, is high fluidity; As the water percentage W of mud c<W≤W ltime, belong to power-law fluid, the fluidity of mud is little, is lazy flow; As the water percentage W<W of mud ltime, mud does not have mobility, changes in quality for the conventional soil body in traditional soil mechanics research category.

Claims (5)

1. the assay method of mud flow state, is characterized in that, comprising:
Steps A measures mud glutinousness;
Step B is determined at the fluidity under different water cut;
Step C divides the flow state of mud according to the viscosity property of mud and fluidity;
The flow state that step D contrasts mud divides, according to the flow state of mud water percentage determination mud.
2. the assay method of mud flow state according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described steps A specifically comprises:
Steps A 1 measures the viscosity property of mud under each water percentage;
Steps A 2 draws viscosity property curve, determines the type of viscosity property curve, and viscosity property curve type comprises the power-law fluid viscous curve of Newtonian fluid viscous curve, Bingham liquid viscous curve, power-law fluid viscous curve and band yield value;
There is the limit moisture content changed in steps A 3, determines the ductility limit W of mud according to the viscosity property curve type of tested mud under different water cut fwith sticky limit W c, wherein, ductility limit W frepresent the limit moisture content that the viscosity property of mud changes from Bingham liquid to power-law fluid, sticky limit W crepresent the limit moisture content that the viscosity property of mud changes from Bingham liquid to Newtonian fluid;
Steps A 4, according to the assay method measuring soil body Atterberg Limit in soil mechanics, determines the liquid limit W of tested mud lwith plastic limit W p, wherein, liquid limit W lfor soil to change the limit moisture content of plastic state into from flow state, limit moisture content when plastic limit WP refers to that soil is transitioned into semi-solid state by plastic state.
3. the assay method of mud flow state according to claim 2, is characterized in that, measures the viscosity property of mud under different water cut in described steps A 1, is specially and adopts inner cylinder rotating formula rotational viscosimeter to measure:
Mud 2mm to be determined geotechnique is sieved impurities removing, by outer tube inner wall uniform application skim lubricating oil by steps A 11;
Steps A 12 selects suitable rotor according to the denseness of mud, is connected by rotor with motor output shaft, is enclosed within outside rotor by inner core, and puts into urceolus;
Steps A 13 is inserted successively closely knit for mud between urceolus and inner core, until the upper end of inner core is concordant with mud;
Steps A 14 starts power switch, regulate the brake switch of motor, from the end to height, record the dial reading under different rotating speeds successively by rotating speed, coefficient dial reading being multiplied by respective rotor is the shear stress under this rotating speed, according to said method can obtain the shear stress under different rotating speeds respectively;
Steps A 15 cleans urceolus, and allotment mud, to different water percentage, repeats above-mentioned steps A11-A14, until determine the viscosity property of this mud under each water percentage.
4. the assay method of mud flow state according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step B specifically comprises:
Truncated cone round tube inner wall is smeared skim lubricating oil by step B1;
Truncated cone pipe is placed on plexiglass base plate by step B2, and the back side of plexiglass base plate is provided with scale, and the central point O of footpath central point O and poly (methyl methacrylate) plate at the bottom of truncated cone pipe is coincided;
Mud to be measured after 2mm geotechnique sieve is with impurities removing, is successively inserted in truncated cone pipe from suitable for reading, is flushed completely to the closely knit filling of mud to the suitable for reading of truncated cone pipe by step B3;
Support is fixedly connected with truncated cone pipe by step B4, and lifting motor is connected with support;
Step B5 opens lifting motor, arranges pulling speed, makes truncated cone pipe uniform lift 10cm in 5s;
Step B6 until mud on poly (methyl methacrylate) plate deadweight current downflow 30s reach stable after, obtain the flow diameter of mud on each uniform direction, averaged is the fluidity of mud under this water percentage d;
Step B7 passes through formula d rel=( d- do) / Do, obtains the relative fluidity of mud under this water percentage d rel, wherein, dfor the fluidity of mud under this water percentage, do is truncated cone pipe lower port diameter;
Step B8 cleans truncated cone pipe, regulates the water percentage of mud, repeats above-mentioned steps B1-B7, until all measure complete by the fluidity of mud under each water percentage.
5. the assay method of mud flow state according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step C specifically comprises:
Step C1 draws fluidity curve according to the measurement result of step B;
The ductility limit W that step C2 determines according to steps A f, sticky limit W c, liquid limit W lwith plastic limit W p, fluidity curve divides the flow state of mud under different water cut, forms mud flowing state demarcation figure, as mud water percentage W>W ctime, mud is Newtonian fluid, can flowing freely as water; As the water percentage W of mud f≤ W≤W ctime, belong to Bingham liquid, mud is high fluidity fluid; As the water percentage W of mud c<W≤W ltime, belong to power-law fluid, mud is lazy flow fluid; As the water percentage W<W of mud ltime, mud does not have mobility;
Step C3 determines the flow state of mud under certain water percentage according to mud flowing state demarcation, and flow state has four kinds, comprising: automatic flowing, high fluidity, lazy flow and without mobility.
CN201510273381.5A 2015-05-26 2015-05-26 Measuring method of sludge flowing states Pending CN104914016A (en)

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CN106323734A (en) * 2016-09-07 2017-01-11 兰州理工大学 Method for predicting liquid limit and plastic limit through suction stress feature curve
CN111723327A (en) * 2020-06-12 2020-09-29 河海大学 Calculation method and system for flow value of freshly-mixed solidified sludge
CN113567303A (en) * 2021-07-20 2021-10-29 深圳市市政工程总公司 Method for measuring liquid limit, plastic limit and plasticity index of dredged sludge

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106323734A (en) * 2016-09-07 2017-01-11 兰州理工大学 Method for predicting liquid limit and plastic limit through suction stress feature curve
CN111723327A (en) * 2020-06-12 2020-09-29 河海大学 Calculation method and system for flow value of freshly-mixed solidified sludge
CN111723327B (en) * 2020-06-12 2023-10-03 河海大学 Calculation method and system for flow value of fresh-mixed solidified sludge
CN113567303A (en) * 2021-07-20 2021-10-29 深圳市市政工程总公司 Method for measuring liquid limit, plastic limit and plasticity index of dredged sludge

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