CN104912532B - It is continuously injected into the device and method of hot sea water exploitation sea bed gas hydrate - Google Patents
It is continuously injected into the device and method of hot sea water exploitation sea bed gas hydrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN104912532B CN104912532B CN201510239151.7A CN201510239151A CN104912532B CN 104912532 B CN104912532 B CN 104912532B CN 201510239151 A CN201510239151 A CN 201510239151A CN 104912532 B CN104912532 B CN 104912532B
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003653 coastal water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 38
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/0099—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00 specially adapted for drilling for or production of natural hydrate or clathrate gas reservoirs; Drilling through or monitoring of formations containing gas hydrates or clathrates
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of device for being continuously injected into hot sea water exploitation sea bed gas hydrate, described device includes：More downcomers (1), input end setting are higher than sea level in coastal waters plane, the position of input end；More heat-dissipating pipes (3) are distributed in sea bottom hydrate layer (6) in spider net type or hexagon net formula or branch type or ring structures；At least one outlet pipe (2), in coastal waters plane, the outlet end of outlet pipe (2) is equal to or less than the input end of downcomer (1) for outlet end setting；The more downcomers (1), more heat-dissipating pipes (3), at least one outlet pipe (2) are in turn connected to form a linker.The Hydrostatic Transfer Device principle of linker is made full use of, the high temperature seawater on sea surface layer is only continued through to the heat-dissipating pipe being laid in sea bottom hydrate layer by the small-power centrifugal pump of common model.Hot channel of the invention is arranged using network structure, and radiating efficiency can be improved, and expands heat dissipation area, improves production efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to exploitation of gas hydrates field more particularly to one kind be continuously injected into hot sea water exploitation seabed it is natural
The device and method of gas hydrate.
Background technique
With China's expanding economy, the demand to the energy constantly increases, therefore is badly in need of tapping a new source of energy to meet China
The needs of rapid economic development.Gas hydrates are under certain conditions by water and natural gas under high pressure and cryogenic conditions
The class ice formed when mixing, non-stoichiometric, cage type crystalline compounds.Tellurian gas hydrates reserves are very
Abundant, there are gas hydrates in about 27% land (being largely distributed in permafrost haorizon) and 90% sea area.In standard shape
Under condition, the decomposition of hydrate of 1 unit volume at most can produce the methane gas of 164 unit volumes, and energy density is the 10 of coal
Times, have the characteristics that easy to use, combustion heat value is high, cleanliness without any pollution, thus be a kind of very promising clean energy resource.
In May, 2007, China in the Shenhu sea area of Northern Part of South China Sea formally collected the samples of gas hydrates, card
Real northern South China sea contains natural gas hydrate resources abundant.Tentative prediction, China Nanhai area gas hydrates
It is current by land, two points natural gas resources sum to be approximately equivalent to China up to over ten billion ton oil equivalent for Prospective resources
One of, strong resource guarantee is provided for China's future fungible energy source.How the hydration goods and materials of China Nanhai area are exploited
Source becomes a crucial problem.
The method of exploitation hydrate has decompression method, heating and chemical injection method.The decomposable process of gas hydrates is
One endothermic process, decomposition heat are about 104J/mol.If carrying out the exploitation of a large amount of hydrate hiding, need external
Huge thermal energy to greatly be reduced the economic benefit of exploitation, or even is lost more than gain.Especially hydrate is continuously being exploited
In due to undergoing phase transition, in decompression or heating process, decomposition of hydrate needs a large amount of latent heat, and temperature constantly declines, to make
Decompose suspension, production disruption.Therefore, a kind of economic, efficient, feasible hydrate recovery method and device be there is an urgent need to.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide one kind to be continuously injected into hot sea water exploitation sea bed gas hydrate
Device and method, can conveniently and efficiently obtain the energy.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides one kind to be continuously injected into hot sea water exploitation sea-bottom natural gas hydration
The device of object, for exploiting to the gas hydrates of sea bottom hydrate layer (6), described device includes：
More downcomers (1), input end setting are higher than sea level in coastal waters plane, the position of input end；
More heat-dissipating pipes (3) are distributed in sea bottom hydrate in spider net type or hexagon net formula or branch type or ring structures
Layer (6)；
At least one outlet pipe (2), outlet end are arranged in coastal waters plane, under the outlet end of outlet pipe (2) is equal to or less than
The input end of water pipe (1)；
The more downcomers (1), more heat-dissipating pipes (3), at least one outlet pipe (2) are in turn connected to form a connection
Device.
Preferably, when the more heat-dissipating pipes (3) in spider net type be distributed, the outlet pipe (2) be one, and it is described go out
Water pipe (2) is arranged at the center of spider net type structure；When the hexagonal net formula distribution of the more heat-dissipating pipes (3), outlet pipe (2)
The intermediate node of reticular structure is set, and the number of outlet pipe (2) is less than the number of downcomer (1)；When the more heat-dissipating pipes
(3) it is distributed in branch type, one end of branch type structure is arranged in outlet pipe (2)；When the more heat-dissipating pipes (3) are in ring type point
Cloth, outlet pipe (2) are arranged on the annular sideline of ring structures.
Preferably, the downcomer (1), heat-dissipating pipe (3), outlet pipe (2) are separately positioned in different wells.
It preferably, further include multiple producing wells, the gas that decomposition of hydrate generates is collected by the producing well, when
The more heat-dissipating pipes (3) are distributed in spider net type, and each producing well is arranged between every two adjacent heat-dissipating pipes (3)；Work as institute
The hexagonal net formula distribution of more heat-dissipating pipes (3) is stated, each producing well is arranged between every two adjacent heat-dissipating pipes (3)；When
The more heat-dissipating pipes (3) are distributed in branch type, and each producing well is arranged between every two adjacent heat-dissipating pipes (3)；Work as institute
It states more heat-dissipating pipes (3) to be distributed in ring type, the centre of ring structures is arranged in each producing well.
Preferably, the producing well includes：
Well ontology, the well cap for preventing gas overflowing being arranged on well ontology, the escape pipe, the Yi Jishe that are arranged on well cap
The valve on the escape pipe is set, the discharge and delivery time of the escape pipe and the Valve control gas are passed through；Also
Including the pressure reducing valve being arranged on well cap, for mitigating the pressure of gas in well.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention also provides one kind to be continuously injected into hot sea water exploitation sea-bottom natural gas water
The method for closing object, including：
Multiple levels in spider net type or hexagon net formula or branch type or ring type distribution are dug in sea bottom hydrate layer
Well；
More hot channels are set correspondingly in the multiple horizontal well；
Multiple lower wells that setting is adapted with the horizontal well in one end of the multiple horizontal well respectively, and described
At least one common wet well is arranged in the other end of multiple horizontal wells, is arranged correspondingly in the multiple lower well more
At least one outlet pipe is arranged in root downcomer at least one described common wet well, and the outlet end of outlet pipe is arranged
For the input end equal to or less than downcomer；
Described be mostly sequentially connected with downcomer, more hot channels, at least one with outlet pipe is constituted into a linker.
Preferably, the method also includes following steps：
Sea surface layer hot sea water is continuously introduced into be laid in sea bottom hydrate layer via water inlet pipe with centrifugal pump and is in
In the hot channel of spider net type distribution, the seawater after flowing through hot channel heat dissipation is discharged via outlet pipe.
Preferably, the outlet pipe is one, and the outlet pipe is arranged at the center of spider net type structure；Or work as
The hexagonal net formula distribution of the more heat-dissipating pipes, the outlet pipe be it is multiple, the number of the outlet pipe is lauched less than described
The intermediate node of reticular structure is arranged in the number of pipe, the outlet pipe；Or work as the more heat-dissipating pipes and be distributed in branch type,
The outlet pipe is one, and one end of dendritic structure is arranged in the outlet pipe；Or when the more heat-dissipating pipes are in ring
Formula distribution, the outlet pipe is one, and the outlet pipe is arranged on the annular sideline of ring structures.
Preferably, further comprising the steps of：
Multiple producing wells are set, and the gas that decomposition of hydrate generates is collected by the producing well, when described more
Heat-dissipating pipe is distributed in spider net type, and each producing well is arranged between every two adjacent heat-dissipating pipes；When the more heat-dissipating pipes are in
The distribution of hexagon net formula, each producing well are arranged between every two adjacent heat-dissipating pipes；When the more heat-dissipating pipes are in branch
Formula distribution, each producing well are arranged between every two adjacent heat-dissipating pipes；When the more heat-dissipating pipes in ring type be distributed, each
The centre of ring structures is arranged in producing well.
Preferably, the producing well includes：
Well ontology, the well cap for preventing gas overflowing being arranged on well ontology, the escape pipe, the Yi Jishe that are arranged on well cap
The valve on the escape pipe is set, the discharge and delivery time of the escape pipe and the Valve control gas are passed through；Also
Including the pressure reducing valve being arranged on well cap, for mitigating the pressure of gas in well.
The present invention due to using the technology described above, has the following advantages that：
1. downcomer input end is arranged in coastal waters plane the device of the invention, may be implemented to obtain surface layer Re Hai on the spot
Water does not need purchase, heating and transport, can inexpensively obtain thermal energy compared to using other heat sources, such as vapor etc.,
Save the cost；
2. the downcomer input end of apparatus of the present invention and outlet pipe outlet end are not attached to, but take full advantage of linker original
Reason is connected closed structure compared to downcomer and outlet pipe, can substantially reduce pump-in pressure, need to only overcome water flow along journey
Resistance, thus the type selecting of water pump realize it is simple, need to energy consumption it is also very low, can save money；
3. hot sea water is not directly injected into hydrate reservoir by the present invention, hot channel is arranged, allows hot sea water
The hot channel being laid in hydrate layer is continued through, source of seawater source is continuous in pipe, can keep high temperature, guarantees the suitable of exploitation
Benefit progress avoids because seawater injects reservoir, is detained cooling, leads to the disadvantage for decomposing suspension, production disruption；
4. hot channel of the invention is arranged using network structure, simple compared to single heat-dissipating pipe or several
Radiating efficiency can be improved in radiation tube structure with heat, expands heat dissipation area, proposes high heat input；
5. the present invention sets outlet pipe to the number less than downcomer, and the center or centre of network structure is arranged in
At node, to guarantee that hydrate can be decomposed and be exploited relatively uniformly；Downcomer is arranged in surrounding, outlet pipe is set
It sets at center, it is ensured that the hydrate near outlet pipe position can also be absorbed into more energy, to decompose；If setting
It is set to " as soon as having more water pipe water inlet pipe ", the decomposition of hydrate near water inlet pipe has sponged a large amount of heat, therefore nothing
Method guarantees that pipeline flows through the hydrate in region while decomposing；
6, the present invention by different wells by arranging downcomer, outlet pipe, heat-dissipating pipe respectively, thus compared to will
The side in a well is arranged in a well, or by water inlet pipe, outlet pipe and heat-dissipating pipe in water inlet pipe, outlet pipe setting
Case has the advantages that save the cost；It is an advantage of the invention that as far as possible heat in the horizontal direction in spread around, by water inlet pipe,
The scheme in a well is arranged in outlet pipe and heat-dissipating pipe, and heat is spread around in vertical direction.Due to seabed
The thickness of hydrate layer vertical direction is much smaller than the scale of horizontal direction, therefore water inlet pipe, outlet pipe and heat-dissipating pipe are arranged
Scheme in a well is unfavorable for saving energy；
7, by being lauched pipe outer wall setting insulating layer, the hot sea water that can protect in downcomer is not situated between the present invention by surrounding
Matter reduces temperature；
8, the present invention and multiple producing wells are set, the input end of each producing well are arranged between heat-dissipating pipe, hydrate
It decomposes the gas generated to be collected by the producing well, the producing well is arranged between heat-dissipating pipe, it can be to each
Gas near heat-dissipating pipe is collected, and so as to improve working efficiency, reaches preferable collecting effect；
9, the present invention makes full use of ready-made convenience resource, can economically and efficiently realize opening for sea bed gas hydrate
It adopts, and structure is simple, it is expected to be used widely, there are preferable market prospects；
10, by taking the Nanhai area mining time half a year in China as an example, when using spider net type cloth net mode, the day that produces
Right gas, the heat of 78.2 × 1015J of releasable heat, is 1437 times of consumed energy after completely burned.If using single
Heat-dissipating pipe, the heat of 63.6 × 1014J of releasable heat, is to be consumed after the natural gas completely burned that six months produce
117 times of energy.The production efficiency for illustrating net formula cloth net mode is 12 times of single heat-dissipating pipe, using the heat-dissipating pipe knot of net formula
Production efficiency can be improved in structure.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the apparatus structure signal for being continuously injected into hot sea water in the embodiment of the present invention and exploiting sea bed gas hydrate
Figure；
Spider net type pipe net arrangement schematic diagram of the Fig. 2 for radiator in the embodiment of the present invention in seabed；
Hexagon net formula arrangement schematic diagram of the Fig. 3 for radiator in the embodiment of the present invention in seabed；
Branch type structural arrangement method schematic diagram of the Fig. 4 for radiator in the embodiment of the present invention in seabed；
Ring structures arrangement schematic diagram of the Fig. 5 for radiator in the embodiment of the present invention in seabed；
Fig. 6 is producing well structural schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the method flow diagram for being continuously injected into hot sea water in the embodiment of the present invention and exploiting sea bed gas hydrate.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than all.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts, all
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The decomposable process of gas hydrates is an endothermic process, and decomposition heat is about 40~60KJ/mol.The present invention
Using the device and method of surface layer hot sea water efficiently extracting natural gas hydrate, it is suitable for extensive tropical sea area, this hair
In bright implementation only by taking the ocean of China Nanhai area as an example.China Nanhai area tropical, due to shining upon, seawater surface temperature
It spends higher, is about 25~30 DEG C (data source is in national marine environmental forecasting centers) in the water temperature by coastal waters surface, in seawater
Deposit has huge thermal energy, and the hydrate reservoir temperature in seabed is lower (about near 0 DEG C), and the highest temperature difference between the two can
Close to 30 degree, and the variation in season is also little.
Main idea is that the structure of multiple downcomers and an outlet pipe is arranged using law of connected vessels, and will
Downcomer input end and outlet pipe outlet end are arranged near sea level, mating connection spider net type, hexagon net formula, branch type
Or ring type heat dissipation pipe network.The high temperature seawater on sea surface layer is continuously introduced into centrifugal pump and is laid on dissipating in sea bottom hydrate layer
In hot pipe network, it is ensured that the ocean temperature in heat-dissipating pipe will not decline very much.Due to ring around the seawater and hydrate of injection
There are the temperature difference in border, therefore the heat of high temperature seawater is transmitted in hydrate layer by the tube wall that radiates, and promotes hydrate temperature liter
Height simultaneously decomposes, and the seawater after heat dissipation is discharged via outlet pipe.The present invention is realized using the surface layer hot sea water for facilitating acquisition, with small function
Rate pumps Continuous Drive seawater by the heat dissipation pipe network that is laid in hydrate layer, so as to the water that economically and efficiently extracts natural gas
Close object.
Shown in referring to Fig.1, for the device for being continuously injected into hot sea water and exploiting sea bed gas hydrate of the embodiment of the present invention
Structural schematic diagram.As shown, gas hydrates layer 6 is between upper and lower two impervious stratums 7.Described device includes：
More downcomers 1, the more heat-dissipating pipes 3 and at least one outlet pipe 2 being distributed in spider net type.The input end of more downcomers 1 is equal
Setting realizes injection sea surface layer hot sea water 5 in coastal waters plane, so as to facilitate.The seawater of input end needs centrifugal pump to lead
Enter, is not directly to be communicated with seawater, therefore the position of input end should be higher than that sea level.The outlet end of outlet pipe 2 is also disposed at closely
Sea level, the outlet end of outlet pipe 2 are equal to or less than the input end of downcomer 1, can be by the seawater after heat dissipation via outlet pipe 2
Water outlet discharge.Heat-dissipating pipe 3 is laid in the hydrate layer 6 in seabed, referring concurrently to shown in Fig. 2, the both ends of heat-dissipating pipe 3 respectively with
Downcomer 1, outlet pipe 2 are connected to form linker, and wherein downcomer 1 is more, and outlet pipe 2 is one, and the water outlet
Pipe 2 is arranged at the center of spider net type structure.
Thermal loss situation when being flowed in pipe according to the parameter and high temperature seawater on stratum, calculates downcomer
Quantity.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the downcomer 1, heat-dissipating pipe 3, outlet pipe 2 are separately positioned on not
With well in, to be arranged in a well compared to by water inlet pipe, outlet pipe, or by water inlet pipe, outlet pipe and heat dissipation
The scheme in a well is arranged in pipe, has the advantages that save the cost.Mainly from the point of view of saving heat energy, followed by
This problem of, does not just select " water inlet pipe, outlet pipe and heat-dissipating pipe are arranged in the scheme in a well ".
In order to reduce the thermal loss in downcomer 1 to the greatest extent, the seawater entered in heat-dissipating pipe 3 is made to maintain higher temperature
Degree, therefore add shield to have insulating layer 4 (shown in Fig. 1) in the outer wall of downcomer 1, to protect the hot sea water in downcomer 1 not by surrounding
Medium reduces temperature.The heat-dissipating pipe 3 and outlet pipe 2 in seabed are not needed then to make Insulation.
Joint referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 shown in, when specific works, sea surface layer hot sea water is injected into downcomer 1 by water pump
5, sea surface layer hot sea water 5 via downcomer 1 flow into heat-dissipating pipe 3, when flowing through heat-dissipating pipe 3, by its heat by heat-dissipating pipe 3 to
Hydrate layer 6 radiates, and hydrate absorbs thermal temperature and increases, when temperature rises above the Phase Equilibrium Temperature of hydrate, water
It closes object to start to decompose, releases methane gas, the seawater after heat dissipation is discharged via outlet pipe 2.
It should be pointed out that in the present embodiment, the input end of downcomer 1 and the outlet end of outlet pipe 2 are not attached to, in this way
It can use law of connected vessels, seawater can be imported into the heat-dissipating pipe in seabed with lower pump-in pressure, thus technology
Scheme realization is convenient and can be energy saving.
The present invention in submarine laying heat-dissipating pipe 3, this be very it is necessary to.If downcomer is directly seawater without heat-dissipating pipe 3
It is imported into the hydrate layer 6 in seabed, the heat that the hydrate near downcomer 1 first absorbs seawater is decomposed, the heat of seawater
Once be absorbed, ocean temperature is reduced, and seawater after cooling can not return to ground, can only be stayed in the earth formation, this
Sample is prone to the secondary generation of hydrate and forms ice to block stratum to prevent the flowing of seawater, and then makes hydrate
It can not continue to decompose, it is difficult to realize the exploitation of gas hydrates.By the way that the spider net type heat-dissipating pipe 3 of the present embodiment is arranged,
Seawater does not enter stratum, the heat spreader for carrying sea surface layer hot sea water 5 only with heat-dissipating pipe 3 into hydrate layer 6,
To make decomposition of hydrate, therefore the problem of the secondary generation of hydrate is not present, blocks stratum.As it can be seen that passing through setting heat dissipation
Pipe 3 overcomes the drawbacks of seawater is introduced directly into hydrate layer 6, and the exploitation of gas hydrates can be better achieved.
It is the pipe net arrangement structural schematic diagram of the spider net type in the embodiment of the present invention referring to shown in Fig. 2.Due to hydrate point
Solution needs to absorb a large amount of heat, and the radiating efficiency of single heat-dissipating pipe is limited, in order to expand heat dissipation area, using spider net type
Pipe net arrangement mode.More downcomers 1 are connected with more heat-dissipating pipes 3, and sea surface layer hot sea water 5 is injected by downcomer 1
It after hydrate layer, flows directly into more heat-dissipating pipes 3 being attached thereto, can thus make the hydrate point of more many areas simultaneously
Solution.The gas that decomposition of hydrate generates is collected by multiple producing wells 8, and the input end of each producing well 8 is arranged every two
Between a adjacent heat-dissipating pipe 3.The producing well 8 is arranged between heat-dissipating pipe 3, it can be to the gas near each heat-dissipating pipe 3
Body is collected, and so as to improve working efficiency, reaches preferable collecting effect；And it radiates with a downcomer and one
The situation that pipe is connected is compared, and the stringing mode of this spider net type substantially increases heat dissipation area, improves production efficiency.
The arrangement of heat-dissipating pipe, in addition to spider net type structure, there are also hexagon net formula or branch type or ring types, can be preferably real
Now hydrate is effectively exploited, can be achieved the object of the present invention.
It is hexagon net formula arrangement schematic diagram of the radiator in seabed, figure in the embodiment of the present invention referring to shown in Fig. 3
In show more downcomers 1, more heat-dissipating pipes 3 and outlet pipe 2, producing well 8.The input ends of more downcomers 1 is connected can be with
Constitute a hexagon.The more hexagonal net formula of heat-dissipating pipe 3 distributions, the input end of outlet pipe 2 are arranged in reticular structure
Intermediate node, the number of outlet pipe 2 are less than the number of downcomer 1, and the input end of each producing well 8 is arranged in every two and adjacent dissipates
Between heat pipe 3.
It is branch type structural arrangement method schematic diagram of the radiator in seabed, figure in the embodiment of the present invention referring to shown in Fig. 4
In show more downcomers 1, more heat-dissipating pipes 3 and outlet pipe 2, producing well 8.More heat-dissipating pipes 3 are distributed in branch type, water outlet
One end of branch type structure is arranged in pipe 2, and the input end of each producing well 8 is arranged between every two adjacent heat-dissipating pipes 3.
Referring to Figure 5, the ring structures arrangement schematic diagram for radiator in the embodiment of the present invention in seabed, in figure
Show more downcomers 1, more heat-dissipating pipes 3 and outlet pipe 2, producing well 8.More heat-dissipating pipes 3 are distributed in ring type, outlet pipe 2
It is arranged on the annular sideline of ring structures.The centre of ring structures is arranged in the input end of each producing well 8.Life is shown in figure
The number for producing well 8 is three, naturally it is also possible to carry out other designs according to actual use demand, the present invention does not limit this
It is fixed.
More heat-dissipating pipes are distributed in ring type it can be seen from attached drawing 4 and attached drawing 5, are had the characteristics that structure is simple, can be saved
Construction cost.
It is producing well structural schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention referring to shown in Fig. 6.The producing well includes：
Well ontology, the well cap 13 for preventing gas overflowing being arranged on well ontology, the escape pipe 11 being arranged on well cap 13,
And the valve 12 on the escape pipe 11 is set, the discharge of gas is controlled by the escape pipe 11 and the valve 12
And the delivery time；It further include the pressure reducing valve 10 being arranged on well cap, for mitigating the pressure of gas in well.
Referring to shown in Fig. 7, for the method for being continuously injected into hot sea water and exploiting sea bed gas hydrate of the embodiment of the present invention
Flow chart.The method includes：
Step 301, dig in sea bottom hydrate layer is in spider net type or hexagon net formula or branch type or ring type distribution
Multiple horizontal wells；
Step 302, more hot channels are set correspondingly in the multiple horizontal well；
Step 303, multiple lower wells that setting is adapted with the horizontal well in one end of the multiple horizontal well respectively,
And at least one common wet well is set in the other end of the multiple horizontal well, it is corresponded in the multiple lower well
More downcomers are arranged in ground, at least one outlet pipe are arranged at least one described common wet well, by the downcomer
Input end and the outlet end of the outlet pipe be arranged at coastal waters plane；
Step 304, composition one mostly is sequentially connected with outlet pipe with downcomer, more hot channels, at least one by described
Linker；
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the method also includes following steps：
Step 305, sea surface layer hot sea water is continuously introduced into centrifugal pump via water inlet pipe and is laid on sea bottom hydrate
In the hot channel in spider net type distribution in layer, the seawater after flowing through hot channel heat dissipation is discharged via outlet pipe.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, one is set by the outlet pipe, and by the outlet pipe
Input end is arranged at the center of spider net type structure.Or when the hexagonal net formula distribution of the more heat-dissipating pipes, the water outlet
It is multiple for managing, and the number of the outlet pipe is less than the number of the downcomer, and the input end of the outlet pipe is arranged in netted knot
The intermediate node of structure；Or when the more heat-dissipating pipes are distributed in branch type, the outlet pipe is one, and the outlet pipe
Input end one end of dendritic structure is set；Or when the more heat-dissipating pipes are distributed in ring type, the outlet pipe is one,
And the input end of the outlet pipe is arranged on the annular sideline of ring structures.It is connected with a downcomer with a heat-dissipating pipe
The situation connect is compared, and the stringing mode of this net formula substantially increases heat dissipation area, improves production efficiency.
It in a preferred embodiment of the invention, further include being lauched pipe outer wall setting thermal insulating material described in step 303
Material.In this way, the downcomer of thermal insulation material is provided in one end connection of multiple hot channels of spider net type distribution, it is the multiple to dissipate
The common outlet pipe of the other end connection one of heat pipeline.By being lauched pipe outer wall setting thermal insulation material, it is possible to reduce sea table
Layer hot sea water passes through thermal loss when downcomer, to guarantee that the seawater for reaching heat-dissipating pipe keeps ideal temperature.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the method also includes following steps：
Multiple producing wells are set, and the gas that decomposition of hydrate generates is collected by the producing well, when described more
Heat-dissipating pipe is distributed in spider net type, and the input end of each producing well is arranged between every two adjacent heat-dissipating pipes；When described more
The centre of hexagon is arranged in the hexagonal net formula distribution of heat-dissipating pipe, the input end of each producing well；When the more heat-dissipating pipes
It is distributed in branch type, the input end of each producing well is arranged between every two adjacent heat-dissipating pipes；When the more heat-dissipating pipes
It is distributed in ring type, the centre of ring structures is arranged in the input end of each producing well.By the producing well be arranged in heat-dissipating pipe it
Between, the gas near each heat-dissipating pipe can be collected, so as to improve working efficiency, reach preferable and collect effect
Fruit.
The producing well includes：Well ontology, is arranged on well cap the well cap for preventing gas overflowing being arranged on well ontology
Escape pipe and the valve that is arranged on the escape pipe, pass through the outflow of the escape pipe and the Valve control gas
Amount and delivery time；It further include the pressure reducing valve being arranged on well cap, for mitigating the pressure of gas in well.
Pass through setting thermal insulation material and centrifugal pump in the embodiment of the present invention, it is ensured that the ocean temperature in heat-dissipating pipe will not
There are many decline.Since the seawater and hydrate ambient enviroment of injection are there are the temperature difference, the heat of high temperature seawater passes through heat-dissipating pipe
Tube wall is transmitted in hydrate layer, is promoted hydrate temperature to increase and is decomposed, and the seawater after heat dissipation is discharged via outlet pipe.High temperature
Seawater flows in heat-dissipating pipe had taken full advantage of its heat both to make decomposition of hydrate, in turn avoids seawater and is directly injected into hydrate
In reservoir, due to the compactness of formation rock, the flowing of seawater in the earth formation is very slow, and is once injected into the sea in stratum
Water volume very little, inject seawater heat absorbed by hydrate after temperature reduce, seawater after cooling can not back to ground only
It can be detained in the earth formation, be prone to the secondary generation of hydrate in this way, hydrate is prevented to continue to decompose.In order to increase radiating surface
Product improves production efficiency, is laid on the pipe net arrangement mode that heat-dissipating pipe in sea bottom hydrate layer uses net formula, i.e., under more
Water pipe is connected with more heat-dissipating pipes respectively, can make the hydrate while endothermic decomposition of more areas in this way, can greatly improve
The production efficiency of hydrate.
The decomposition of hydrate is not to decompose in entire stratum, and be analogous to the thawing of ice, before decomposing there is one
Edge.When the surface seawater with higher temperature is continuously injected into hydrate layer, due in heat-dissipating pipe seawater with
There are temperature gradients on stratum outside pipe, and then heat-dissipating pipe starts outside heat release.After formation absorption heat, hydrate starts to decompose,
It decomposes forward position and is parallel to the axial line of pipeline, and promoted along radial direction.The decomposition forward position, which is divided into whole region, has decomposed
Area and the region undecomposed area Liang Ge, there are gas and water two-phase, undecomposed areas to contain solid hydrate for resolver.With hydrate
Decomposition, decompose forward position move forward, constantly decompose produce gas.
The energy efficiency of hydrate exploitation, refers to heat caused by the obtained methane gas full combustion of decomposition of hydrate
With the ratio between energy consumed by exploitation hydrate.By taking the Nanhai area in China as an example, National Geology investigation bureau according to a preliminary estimate, China
The area of Nankai Trough area hydrate distributed areas has 2400 square kilometres, and the hydrate concentration of probing display this area exists
Between 20%~43%, containing hydrate deposit with a thickness of 11~34m.When being predicted, we choose the flat of hydrate
Equal saturation degree is 30%.The power of prime mover is 3500kW, and consumption is equivalent to about the heat of 54.4 × 1012J by operation half a year.
When the surface layer hot sea water using this area is to exploit hydrate, by taking mining time half a year as an example, when using the spider net type side of arranging net
When formula, the natural gas produced, the heat of 78.2 × 1015J of releasable heat, is the 1437 of consumed energy after completely burned
Times.If using single heat-dissipating pipe, 63.6 × 1014J of releasable heat after the natural gas completely burned that six months produce
Heat, be 117 times of consumed energy.The production efficiency for illustrating net formula cloth net mode is 12 times of single heat-dissipating pipe, is used
The radiation tube structure with heat of net formula, can be improved production efficiency.
In short, the present invention takes full advantage of the Hydrostatic Transfer Device principle of linker, very high pump-in pressure is not needed, it is only necessary to gram
The frictional head loss that seawater flows in pipeline is taken, the centrifugal pump of common model can meet this requirement, by sea table
The high temperature seawater of layer is continuously introduced into the heat-dissipating pipe being laid in sea bottom hydrate layer.And heat-dissipating pipe uses the pipe network of net formula
Arrangement can greatly improve the production efficiency of hydrate.
Above-described specific embodiment has carried out further the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
It is described in detail, it should be understood that the foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the invention, the guarantor that is not intended to limit the present invention
Range is protected, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in this
Within the protection scope of invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of device for being continuously injected into hot sea water exploitation sea bed gas hydrate, for sea bottom hydrate layer（6）Day
Right gas hydrate is exploited, which is characterized in that described device includes：
More downcomers（1）, input end setting is in coastal waters plane, and the position of input end is higher than sea level；
More heat-dissipating pipes（3）, sea bottom hydrate layer is distributed in spider net type or hexagon net formula or branch type or ring structures
（6）；
At least one outlet pipe（2）, outlet end is arranged in coastal waters plane, outlet pipe（2）Outlet end be equal to or less than downcomer
（1）Input end；
The more downcomers（1）, more heat-dissipating pipes（3）, at least one outlet pipe（2）It is in turn connected to form a linker；
When the more heat-dissipating pipes（3）It is distributed in spider net type, the outlet pipe（2）It is one, and the outlet pipe（2）Setting
At the center of spider net type structure；When the more heat-dissipating pipes（3）Hexagonal net formula distribution, outlet pipe（2）It is arranged netted
The intermediate node of structure, outlet pipe（2）Number be less than downcomer（1）Number；When the more heat-dissipating pipes（3）In branch type
Distribution, outlet pipe（2）One end of branch type structure is set；When the more heat-dissipating pipes（3）It is distributed in ring type, outlet pipe（2）
It is arranged on the annular sideline of ring structures；
The downcomer（1）, heat-dissipating pipe（3）, outlet pipe（2）It is separately positioned in different wells；
It further include multiple producing wells, the gas that decomposition of hydrate generates is collected by the producing well, is dissipated when described more
Heat pipe（3）It is distributed in spider net type, every two adjacent heat-dissipating pipes are arranged in each producing well（3）Between；It radiates when described more
Pipe（3）Every two adjacent heat-dissipating pipes are arranged in hexagonal net formula distribution, each producing well（3）Between；It is dissipated when described more
Heat pipe（3）It is distributed in branch type, every two adjacent heat-dissipating pipes are arranged in each producing well（3）Between；It radiates when described more
Pipe（3）It is distributed in ring type, the centre of ring structures is arranged in each producing well；
The producing well includes：The well cap for preventing gas overflowing being arranged on well ontology, going out on well cap is arranged in well ontology
Tracheae and the valve being arranged on the escape pipe, by the discharge of the escape pipe and the Valve control gas and
Delivery time；It further include the pressure reducing valve being arranged on well cap, for mitigating the pressure of gas in well；
Thermal loss situation when being flowed in pipe according to the parameter and high temperature seawater on stratum, calculates the number of downcomer
Amount.
2. a kind of method for being continuously injected into hot sea water exploitation sea bed gas hydrate, which is characterized in that including：
Multiple horizontal wells in spider net type or hexagon net formula or branch type or ring type distribution are dug in sea bottom hydrate layer；
More hot channels are set correspondingly in the multiple horizontal well；
Multiple lower wells that setting is adapted with the horizontal well in one end of the multiple horizontal well respectively, and the multiple
At least one common wet well is arranged in the other end of horizontal well, under more are arranged correspondingly in the multiple lower well
At least one outlet pipe is arranged at least one described common wet well, sets the outlet end of outlet pipe to for water pipe
In or lower than downcomer input end；
The more downcomers, more hot channels, at least one are sequentially connected with outlet pipe and constitute a linker；
The outlet pipe is one, and the outlet pipe is arranged at the center of spider net type structure；Or it is dissipated when described more
The hexagonal net formula distribution of heat pipe, the outlet pipe are multiple, number of the number less than the downcomer of the outlet pipe, institute
State the intermediate node that reticular structure is arranged in outlet pipe；Or when the more heat-dissipating pipes are in branch type distribution, the outlet pipe
It is one, and one end of dendritic structure is arranged in the outlet pipe；Or work as the more heat-dissipating pipes and be distributed in ring type, it is described
Outlet pipe is one, and the outlet pipe is arranged on the annular sideline of ring structures；
The method also includes following steps：
Sea surface layer hot sea water is continuously introduced into via water inlet pipe with centrifugal pump be laid in sea bottom hydrate layer in spider web
In the hot channel of formula distribution, the seawater after flowing through hot channel heat dissipation is discharged via outlet pipe；
Multiple producing wells are set, and the gas that decomposition of hydrate generates is collected by the producing well, is radiated when described more
Pipe is distributed in spider net type, and each producing well is arranged between every two adjacent heat-dissipating pipes；When the more heat-dissipating pipes are in six sides
The distribution of shape net formula, each producing well are arranged between every two adjacent heat-dissipating pipes；When the more heat-dissipating pipes are in branch type point
Cloth, each producing well are arranged between every two adjacent heat-dissipating pipes；When the more heat-dissipating pipes are in ring type distribution, each production
The centre of ring structures is arranged in well；
The producing well includes：
Well ontology, the well cap for preventing gas overflowing being arranged on well ontology, the escape pipe being arranged on well cap and setting exist
Valve on the escape pipe passes through the discharge and delivery time of the escape pipe and the Valve control gas；Further include
Pressure reducing valve on well cap is set, for mitigating the pressure of gas in well.
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| CN105485521A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-04-13 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Method for restraining natural gas hydrate at gas conveying pipe bend |
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| CN105863575B (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2019-09-06 | 西南石油大学 | The sea-bottom natural gas collection device and method of built-in buoyancy tank circulating hot water pipeline heating |
| CN105840150B (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2019-10-15 | 西南石油大学 | The sea-bottom natural gas acquisition device and method of built-in buoyancy tank multilayer bracket |
| CN105822282B (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2019-08-27 | 西南石油大学 | The sea-bottom natural gas collection device and method of external buoyancy tank helical pipe heating |
| CN106837258B (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2019-03-05 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of gas hydrate exploitation device and method |
| CN107575201A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-12 | 大庆东油睿佳石油科技有限公司 | A kind of method of gas hydrates parallel water horizontal well microwave heating exploitation |
| CN108086959B (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2020-04-24 | 大连理工大学 | Ocean natural gas hydrate exploitation method by water flow erosion method |
| CN108086961A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-05-29 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of water erosion method exploiting ocean natural gas hydrates method of combination heat injection |
| CN109915084B (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-02-21 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Deepwater natural gas hydrate exploitation system and deepwater natural gas hydrate exploitation method |
| CN111927415A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-13 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | Method for exploiting hydrate by injecting heat storage material into horizontal well |
| CN111948370B (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2021-06-08 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Flow field measuring device and measuring method for natural gas hydrate experiment system |
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Effective date of registration: 20231117 Address after: 511458 Room 501, building 1, 1119 Haibin Road, Nansha District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province Patentee after: Guangdong Aerospace Science and Technology Research Institute (Nansha) Address before: 100190, No. 15 West Fourth Ring Road, Beijing, Haidian District Patentee before: INSTITUTE OF MECHANICS, CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES |