A kind of aluminum alloy materials and preparation method for car light heat dissipation base
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aluminum alloy materials and preparation method for car light heat dissipation base, belong to alloy casting neck
Domain.
Background technology
Car lamp heat dissipation base aluminum alloy die casting belongs to thin wall and deep hole structure, and its surface distributed has streamlined radiating groove, bottom
Portion offers screw, overall in irregular round table-like.Because sedan lamp generates heat seriously under the conditions of working long hours, to protect
Hinder car light service life, castings desire diecasting alloys must possess certain thermal conductivity, it is ensured that car light heat being capable of Quick diffusing;
In addition, the extrusion process performance of alloy must be good, die casting desired size is accurate and any surface finish, lacks without all kinds of die casting
Fall into.
At present, the car lamp heat dissipation base aluminum alloy die casting uses the class aluminium alloys of 6063 and ADC12 two, two class alloys
Composition contrast it is as shown in table 1.Wherein, 6063 aluminium alloys belong to Al-Mg-Si system alloy, with it is corrosion-resistant, plating resistance it is good, can oxygen
The features such as changing coloring, the heat conductivility of the die casting produced using 6063 aluminium alloys disclosure satisfy that the use requirement of car lamp socket,
But it is also easy to produce casting in Die Casting and adhered to mold cavity, i.e. the phenomenon of soldering, causes mould to pull, casting misrun,
The yield rate of Die Casting is relatively low;ADC12 aluminium alloys are Al-Si-Cu systems alloy, the die casting aluminium substantially regenerated using waste aluminum
Alloy material, the die casting soldering tendency of the die casting produced using ADC12 aluminium alloys is relatively low, and processing performance is good, but in reality
During use, the capacity of heat transmission that ADC12 aluminium alloys prepare casting is not enough, can not preferably meet the skill that car lamp socket is used
Art requirement.
The aluminium alloy of table 1 6063 and ADC12 aluminium alloys alloying component (mass fraction, %)
The content of the invention
All deposited in thermal conductivity and anti-mould soldering ability for the aluminum alloy materials for being currently used for car light heat dissipation base
In certain defect, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of aluminum alloy materials for car light heat dissipation base, the material heat
Conductance is higher than ADC12 aluminium alloy, and die casting soldering tendency is low compared with 6063 aluminium alloys, meets the production needs of car light heat dissipation base.Mesh
Two be to provide a kind of preparation method of the aluminum alloy materials for car light heat dissipation base, methods described is simple, it is easy to accomplish.
The purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical scheme:
A kind of aluminum alloy materials for car light heat dissipation base, are counted, respectively using the gross mass of the aluminum alloy materials as 100%
Component and weight/mass percentage composition are as follows:
Content of impurities is not higher than 0.15%, and surplus is aluminium (Al).
Wherein, the RE is one or both of Er and Y;The impurity is in Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cu and Mg
More than one.
A kind of preparation method for the aluminum alloy materials for being used for car light heat dissipation base as described in the present invention, methods described is specific
Step is as follows:
(1) furnace charge is equipped
1. after prepurging and prepurging, pre- hot melting furnace and instrument are to 100~200 DEG C;
2. first load the aluminium ingot for accounting for aluminium ingot gross mass 50% into smelting furnace, be reloaded into whole aluminium silicon intermediate alloys, finally
Load remaining aluminium ingot, complete the equipment of furnace charge;
Counted using the quality of the aluminium ingot as 100%, wherein, Al is not less than 99.90%, and impurity summation is not more than 0.10%;
Counted using the quality of the aluminium silicon intermediate alloy as 100%, wherein, Si accounts for 19.77%, and impurity summation is not more than
0.30%, surplus is Al;
(2) melting is added up to
Heating makes load melting;When temperature is higher than 600 DEG C, the furnace charge melts rapidly, continues to heat up, and treats that furnace charge is whole
After fusing, skim and be sufficiently stirred for, when temperature is up to 680 DEG C, add aluminium boron intermediate alloy, when temperature is up to 720 DEG C, add aluminium
Iron intermediate alloy, when temperature is up to 740 DEG C, adds aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy, is sufficiently stirred for, treats that the intermediate alloy all melts
After change, skim and be sufficiently stirred for 5~10min, obtain alloy molten solution;
Counted using the gross mass of the aluminium boron intermediate alloy as 100%, wherein, B accounts for 2.95%, and impurity summation is not more than
0.20%, surplus is Al;
Counted using the gross mass of the ferro-aluminum intermediate alloy as 100%, wherein, Fe accounts for 19.17%, and impurity summation is not more than
0.30%, surplus is Al;
Counted using the gross mass of the aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy as 100%, wherein, rare earth accounts for 4.98~5.07%, and impurity is total
No more than 0.20%, surplus is Al;
(3) refine, cast
It is quiet with carbon trichloride for being carried out at 730~750 DEG C to the molten aluminium alloy after 10~15min of refining treatment
1~2min is put, skims and comes out of the stove, ingot casting is cast into, aluminum alloy materials of the present invention are obtained;
Wherein, the quality of carbon trichloride is the aluminium ingot, aluminium silicon intermediate alloy, aluminium boron intermediate alloy, ferro-aluminum intermediate alloy
With the 0.75% of aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy gross mass;
The cast temperature of the casting is 730~750 DEG C.
Beneficial effect
(1) aluminum alloy materials die casting soldering tendency of the present invention is low, with excellent processing characteristics.With 6063 aluminium alloys
Compare, the aluminum alloy materials and die casting interphase interaction are smaller, relatively low, Die Casting high yield rate is inclined in die casting soldering
Up to 95%, and production process does not occur casting mold sticking (casting and mould soldering), and the Die Casting of 6063 aluminium alloys into
Product rate is only 75%, and serious mold sticking occurs for production process.
(2) aluminum alloy materials thermal conductivity factor of the present invention is high, with excellent radiating effect.The aluminum alloy materials are big
Thermal conductivity coefficient be up to 160W/ (mk), and the thermal conductivity factor of ADC12 aluminium alloys is only 96.2W/ (mk).
(3) when aluminum alloy materials of the present invention are used for die cast, accurate size, any surface finish of die casting, and nothing
All kinds of defects of die casting, can meet the Die Casting of automobile heat conduction parts.
(4) the method for the invention is simple, it is easy to accomplish.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the hot dipping schematic illustration of tissue of the aluminium alloy of H13 mould steel hot dipping 6063;
Fig. 2 is hot dipping tissue contrast's schematic diagram of aluminium alloy 2 described in H13 mould steel hot dippings.
Embodiment
The present invention, but not limited to this are described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The main agents information mentioned in following examples is shown in Table 2;
Table 2
The test of the thermal conductivity factor uses ASTM E1461 equipment, i.e. model FL4010 flicker method thermal conductivity factor
Instrument.
Embodiment 1
A kind of aluminum alloy materials for car light heat dissipation base, the gross mass 100kg using the aluminum alloy materials is 100%
Meter, each component and weight/mass percentage composition are as follows:
Content of impurities is 0.075%, and surplus is aluminium (Al), is designated as aluminium alloy 1.
A kind of preparation method of the described aluminum alloy materials for car light heat dissipation base, methods described specific steps are such as
Under:
(1) furnace charge is equipped
1. after prepurging and prepurging, pre- hot melting furnace and instrument are to 100 DEG C;
2. the high-purity aluminium ingot Al99.90 for accounting for aluminium ingot gross mass 50% is first loaded into smelting furnaceb, it is reloaded into whole aluminium silicon
Between alloy AlSi20, finally load remaining high-purity aluminium ingot Al99.90b, complete the equipment of furnace charge;
(2) melting is added up to
Heating makes load melting;When temperature is higher than 600 DEG C, the furnace charge melts rapidly, continues to heat up, and treats that furnace charge is whole
After fusing, skim and be sufficiently stirred for, when temperature is up to 680 DEG C, add aluminium boron intermediate alloy AlB3, when temperature is up to 720 DEG C, plus
Enter ferro-aluminum intermediate alloy AlFe20, when temperature is up to 740 DEG C, add AlEr intermediate alloy AlEr5, be sufficiently stirred for, treat it is described in
Between alloy all melt after, skim and be sufficiently stirred for 10min, obtain alloy molten solution;
(3) refine, cast
With carbon trichloride for being carried out at 730 DEG C to the molten aluminium alloy after refining treatment 15min, 2min is stood, is taken off
Slag is come out of the stove, and in being cast into ingot casting at 730 DEG C, obtains described aluminum alloy materials;
Wherein, the quality of carbon trichloride accounts for AlSi20, AlB3, AlFe20, AlEr5 and AlY5 gross mass
0.75%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of aluminum alloy materials for car light heat dissipation base, the gross mass 100kg using the aluminum alloy materials is 100%
Meter, each component and weight/mass percentage composition are as follows:
Content of impurities is 0.093%, and surplus is aluminium (Al), is designated as aluminium alloy 2.
A kind of preparation method of the described aluminum alloy materials for car light heat dissipation base, methods described specific steps are such as
Under:
(1) furnace charge is equipped
1. after prepurging and prepurging, pre- hot melting furnace and instrument are to 150 DEG C;
2. the high-purity aluminium ingot Al99.90 for accounting for aluminium ingot gross mass 50% is first loaded into smelting furnaceb, it is reloaded into whole aluminium silicon
Between alloy AlSi20, finally load remaining high-purity aluminium ingot Al99.90b, complete the equipment of furnace charge;
(2) melting is added up to
Heating makes load melting;When temperature is higher than 600 DEG C, the furnace charge melts rapidly, continues to heat up, and treats that furnace charge is whole
After fusing, skim and be sufficiently stirred for, when temperature is up to 680 DEG C, add aluminium boron intermediate alloy AlB3, when temperature is up to 720 DEG C, plus
Enter ferro-aluminum intermediate alloy AlFe20, when temperature is up to 740 DEG C, add AlEr intermediate alloy AlEr5 and AlY intermediate alloy AlY5,
It is sufficiently stirred for, after the intermediate alloy all melts, skims and be sufficiently stirred for 5min, obtain alloy molten solution;
(3) refine, cast
With carbon trichloride for being carried out at 750 DEG C to the molten aluminium alloy after refining treatment 15min, 1min is stood, is taken off
Slag is come out of the stove, and in being cast into ingot casting at 750 DEG C, obtains described aluminum alloy materials;
Wherein, the quality of carbon trichloride accounts for AlSi20, AlB3, AlFe20, AlEr5 and AlY5 gross mass
0.75%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of aluminum alloy materials for car light heat dissipation base, the gross mass 100kg using the aluminum alloy materials is 100%
Meter, each component and weight/mass percentage composition are as follows:
Content of impurities is 0.081%, and surplus is aluminium (Al), is designated as aluminium alloy 3.
A kind of preparation method of the described aluminum alloy materials for car light heat dissipation base, methods described specific steps are such as
Under:
(1) furnace charge is equipped
1. after prepurging and prepurging, pre- hot melting furnace and instrument are to 120 DEG C;
2. the high-purity aluminium ingot Al99.90 for accounting for aluminium ingot gross mass 50% is first loaded into smelting furnaceb, it is reloaded into whole aluminium silicon
Between alloy AlSi20, finally load remaining high-purity aluminium ingot Al99.90b, complete the equipment of furnace charge;
(2) melting is added up to
Heating makes load melting;When temperature is higher than 600 DEG C, the furnace charge melts rapidly, continues to heat up, and treats that furnace charge is whole
After fusing, skim and be sufficiently stirred for, when temperature is up to 680 DEG C, add aluminium boron intermediate alloy AlB3, when temperature is up to 720 DEG C, plus
Enter ferro-aluminum intermediate alloy AlFe20, when temperature is up to 740 DEG C, adds AlY intermediate alloy AlY5, be sufficiently stirred for, treat the centre
After alloy all melts, skim and be sufficiently stirred for 8min, obtain alloy molten solution;
(3) refine, cast
With carbon trichloride for being carried out at 740 DEG C to the molten aluminium alloy after refining treatment 15min, 1.5min is stood,
Skim and come out of the stove, and in being cast into ingot casting at 740 DEG C, obtain aluminum alloy materials of the present invention;
Wherein, the quality of carbon trichloride accounts for AlSi20, AlB3, AlFe20, AlEr5 and AlY5 gross mass
0.75%.
Performance test:
1. the aluminium alloy obtained in above example and 6036 alloys are subjected to hot aluminizing experiment simultaneously and Die Casting is tried
Test, from experimental result, in press casting procedure, aluminium alloy of the present invention is compared with 6063 aluminium alloys, aluminium of the present invention
Alloy has less interaction with die casting intermode, and die casting soldering tendency is relatively low, and product qualification rate is high, is specially:
(1) hot aluminizing is tested
Testing equipment:The temperature automatically controlled resistance furnaces of SG5KW, test temperature:700 DEG C, hot dipping time 5~15min, H13 mould
Composition of steel is 0.40wt%C, 1.05wt%Si, 0.40wt%Mn, 5.50wt%Cr, 1.75wt%Mo, 0.90wt%V, mould
Steel curved beam size 50mm × 20mm × 10mm.
Test procedure:
Plating → drying preheating → hot-dip → cooling is washed → helped in sample polishing → alkali cleaning → washing → pickling →.
Polishing:The H13 steel curved beams of well cutting are polished on polishing machine, specimen surface oxide skin is removed so that examination
Sample surfacing, in favor of pickling and alkali cleaning.
Alkali cleaning:Carry out oil removing.Using 80 DEG C, 150g/l NaOH solution carries out degreasing and deoiled, and removes steel piece surface dirt,
Alkali cleaning time 15s;
Pickling:The processing of specimen surface oxide skin is removed using 150g/l HCl solution at room temperature, to obtain fresh table
Face, pickling time 15s;
Washing:Using distilled water washed samples, the residual solution and residue of specimen surface in alkali cleaning or acid cleaning process are removed.
Help plating:Using 100g/l K2ZrF6Solution carries out helping plating, and it is 95 DEG C to help plating temperature, helps plating time 2min.
Drying preheating:90 DEG C, drying time is 2min;
Hot-dip:By aluminium alloy melt described in H13 steel curved beam blocks immersion patent, coupon is stood, the hot dipping time terminates
Afterwards, coupon is taken out from melt.Hot-dip process parameter:700 DEG C of aluminium alloy melt temperature, 5~15min of hot dipping time;
Cooling:After hot dipping terminates, sample is placed in clear water and cooled down, prevents not solidified aluminium coated to be scratched.
H13 hot dipping samples are intercepted, hot dipping histology section pattern seen using JSM-T200 types ESEM
Survey, constituent analysis, utilize ESEM software kit to measure the average thickness of Fe-Al intermetallic compound phases layer in hot dipping tissue
Degree, average thickness is obtained at least through 50 measurements.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is hot dipping tissue contrast's schematic diagram of the aluminium alloy of H13 mould steel hot dipping 6063 and the aluminium aluminium alloy 2
(hot dipping temperature is 700 DEG C, and the hot dipping time is 5min);Table 3 is surveyed for H13 steel hot dipping different melt intermetallic compound phase thickness degree
Measure result.From Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and table 3, the intermetallic compound that H13 mould steel hot dippings aluminium alloy melt of the present invention is obtained
Phase thickness degree is only 30~40%, the H13 mould steel hot dippings aluminium alloy chemical combination of the present invention in 6063 aluminium alloys during hot dipping
Thing phase layer is also significantly reduced with the growth rate of hot dipping time compared with 6063 aluminium alloys during hot dipping, illustrates H13 mould steel at this
Invent in the aluminium alloy melt, intermetallic compound phase layer is not easy growth, the aluminium alloy and phase interaction between die casting
With smaller, die casting tendency is relatively low, and 6063 aluminium alloys have stronger interaction with H13 steel, and die casting soldering tendency is obvious.
The H13 steel hot dipping different melt intermetallic compound phase thickness degree of table 3
(2) Die Casting is tested
In order to contrast the extrusion process performance of different-alloy, aluminium alloy of the present invention and 6063 aluminium alloys, ADC12 are utilized
Aluminium alloy carries out Die Casting experiment on same die casting machine, prepares car light heat dissipation base;The Die Casting experiment is used
Testing equipment be real close mechanical DC400T cold-chamber die casting machines and H13 steel compression mod;Releasing agent is water base.
The specific process parameter of the Die Casting experiment is as follows:
695 ± 10 DEG C of cast temperature, 255 ± 10 DEG C of mold temperature, more than injection ratio pressure 25Mpa, 5~8s of dwell time,
7~12s of mould remaining time, low speed injection speed 0.25m/s, quick 4.0~5.5m/s of injection speed, every kind of alloy die cast 1000
Mould.
Test result is as shown in table 2, it is known that, aluminium alloy of the present invention contrasts 6063 aluminium alloys, Die Casting yield rate
90~95% are promoted to by 75%, production process does not occur casting mold sticking (casting and mould soldering).
The Die Casting phenomenon contrast of aluminium alloy and 6063 aluminium alloys and ADC12 aluminium alloys described in the embodiment of table 4
Alloy |
Die Casting phenomenon |
Die casting examines qualified yield rate/% |
6063 |
The serious sticking to mould of generation |
75% |
Aluminium alloy 1 |
Sticking to mould does not occur |
90% |
Aluminium alloy 2 |
Sticking to mould does not occur |
92% |
Aluminium alloy 3 |
Sticking to mould does not occur |
95% |
ADC12 |
Sticking to mould does not occur |
98% |
2. the heat-conducting metal of the aluminium alloy obtained in above example and ADC12 aluminium alloys is analyzed, as a result
As shown in table 5, it is known that, aluminium alloy of the present invention is compared with ADC12 aluminium alloys, and thermal conductivity factor has lifting by a relatively large margin,
Wherein, the thermal conductivity factor of the aluminium aluminium alloy 1 reaches 160W/ (mk).
The thermal conductivity factor table of aluminium alloy described in the embodiment of table 5 and ADC12 aluminium alloys:
Alloy |
Experimental temperature/DEG C |
Test plate (panel) thickness/mm |
Thermal conductivity factor/W/ (mk) |
ADC12 |
23 |
5 |
96.2 |
Aluminium alloy 1 |
23 |
5 |
160 |
Aluminium alloy 2 |
23 |
5 |
157 |
Aluminium alloy 3 |
23 |
5. |
158 |
The present invention include but is not limited to above example, it is every carried out under the principle of spirit of the present invention it is any equivalent
Replace or local improvement, all will be regarded as within protection scope of the present invention.