CN104907087A - Synthesis method and application of porous carbonitride/copper oxide nanorod composite material with visible light response - Google Patents
Synthesis method and application of porous carbonitride/copper oxide nanorod composite material with visible light response Download PDFInfo
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- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000002073 nanorod Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 3
- 230000004298 light response Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229960004643 cupric oxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 36
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011175 product filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229940043267 rhodamine b Drugs 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006862 quantum yield reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 7
- JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalonitrile Chemical compound N#CC#N JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000013033 photocatalytic degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical group NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006303 photolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015843 photosynthesis, light reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a synthesis method and an application of a porous carbonitride/copper oxide nanorod composite material with visible light response, and belongs to the fields of composite material preparation technologies and photocatalysis. The problems of small specific surface area, high photo-generated electron-hole recombination rate and low quantum yield of present carbonitride materials are solved in the invention. The composite material is prepared from melamine and copper acetate through a chemical reaction process and a heat treatment process with methanol as a solvent. Compared with carbonitride, the porous carbonitride/copper oxide nanorod composite material prepared in the invention has the advantages of high specific surface area, good photocatalysis performance, and effective degradation of rhodamine B under visible light. The preparation method has the advantages of simple process, cheap raw materials and large scale production; and the obtained composite material has large specific surface area, low photo-generated electron-hole pair recombination and good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to composite material and preparation method thereof and photocatalytic applications, particularly relate to preparation method and the application of carbonitride/cupric oxide composite, belong to composite technology of preparing and photocatalysis field.
Background technology
Along with the high speed development of industry, the discharge of discarded sewage brings unprecedented crisis to the environment that people live.A large amount of organic dye pollutant of particularly discharging in dyeing, create great threat to the existence of biology various in people self and environment.Therefore, research is efficient, cheap, and reproducible photochemical catalyst to carry out in degradation water organic dyestuff skill to reduce the discharge of the environmentally harmful discarded object of industrial production, and then realizes socioeconomic sustainable development.
Dyestuff is in many industry as the fields such as weaving, printing and dyeing, papermaking, process hides widely use, and waste water from dyestuff is one of important industrial pollution source.The aromatic group of dye complex and stable chemical constitution, make it have high toxicity, be difficult to carry out the features such as biodegradation.The harmless treatment of dyestuff contaminant is one of difficulty in treatment of industrial wastewater always.The photocatalytic degradation material of present stage is mainly based on the metal oxide materials such as titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, and the absorption spectrum of these oxide materials is mainly at ultraviolet region, usually very little to the absorption of visible region.Enter about 5% of atmospheric solar energy because ultraviolet light only accounts for, and visible ray accounts for more than 45% of solar energy, these traditional metal oxide materials fail effectively to utilize solar energy, therefore need badly and find novel catalysis material.The catalysis material of development of new has become the great front line science in current international material field and one of has explored.This project is significant to research novel photocatalysis material.
Carbonitride/metal oxide composite is a kind of new material formed by supermolecular mechanism and metal ion and carbonitride coordination.Its precursor polymer semiconductor graphite phase carbon nitride is due to superior chemical stability and unique electronic band structure, and the advantage such as cheap makes it be widely used in the photocatalytic conversion of solar energy, and as photolysis water hydrogen, degradation of dye, disposes of sewage.The circulus of polymer semiconductor's graphite phase carbon nitride and high condensation degree make it have many advantages, such as fabulous physical and chemical stability, attracting medium electron energy band (2.7 eV) structure.These unique characteristics become the extremely promising catalyst utilizing sunshine to carry out visible light catalytic.In addition, carbonitride is easily prepared, can by inexpensive material as cyanamide, and urea, melamine, the one-step polymerizations such as dicyandiamide form.But carbonitride has that photo-generate electron-hole is high to recombination rate, quantum yield is low, specific area is little and the shortcoming such as light utilization efficiency is not high.For addressing this problem, need to carry out modification to carbonitride.So far, yet there are no and utilize supermolecular mechanism and coordination, the related process technologies using chemical reaction method and heat treating process to prepare nitride porous carbon/cupric oxide nano composite occurs.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves the low problem causing photocatalytic activity not high enough of existing carbonitride specific area, provides a kind of synthetic method and the application with the photochemical catalyst of visible light-responded nitride porous carbon/cupric oxide nano rod composite material.
A kind of synthetic method with visible light-responded nitride porous carbon/cupric oxide nano rod composite material of the present invention is carried out according to the following steps:
1) melamine and Schweinfurt green powder are put into round-bottomed flask, add methyl alcohol as solvent.Be put in by round-bottomed flask in constant temperature blender with magnetic force, the reaction time is 1h-3h, by product filtration drying.
2) composite step 1) prepared loads in porcelain boat, puts into tube furnace, in argon gas atmosphere by the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min-4 DEG C/min by room temperature to 500 DEG C-600 DEG C and constant temperature 1h-3h.Then nanoporous carbonitride/cupric oxide composite is obtained after being cooled to room temperature in argon gas atmosphere.
In described step 1), the reaction time is 1h-3h.
In described step 1), the temperature of constant temperature blender with magnetic force is 75 DEG C-80 DEG C.
Described step 2) under an argon atmosphere by tube furnace heating rate be 1 DEG C/min-4 DEG C/min.
Described step 2) in the temperature from ambient of tube furnace is risen to 500 DEG C-600 DEG C.
Described step 2) middle temperature constant temperature 1h-3h at 550 DEG C-600 DEG C.
Described step 2) in argon gas flow velocity be 50-60 cc/min.
That prepares according to above method a kind ofly has visible light-responded nitride porous carbon/cupric oxide nano rod composite material and is applied to photocatalytic degradation of dye pollutant field.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
Prepared by melamine and Schweinfurt green first and there is visible light-responded nanoporous composite, the present invention is by preparing loose structure, the specific area of effective raising material, reduce photo-generate electron-hole recombination rate, thus improve its catalytic activity at visible region, the present invention uses cheap raw material, nitride porous carbon/cupric oxide nano rod composite material is prepared through simple chemical reaction method and heat treating process, process is simple, synthesis is convenient, raw material at a low price, obtained composite specific area adds about 2 times than the specific area of carbonitride, thus effectively improve photocatalysis efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the SEM figure that test two obtains.
Fig. 2 is the TEM figure that test three obtains.
Fig. 3 is the XRD figure that test four obtains.
Fig. 4 is the light degradation activity figure that test five obtains.
Fig. 5 is the catalyst circulation use figure that test six obtains.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
the preparation of embodiment 1 carbonitride/cupric oxide composite:
2.5g melamine and 4g Schweinfurt green powder are put into round-bottomed flask, simultaneously with 200ml methyl alcohol for solvent.Round-bottomed flask is put in constant temperature blender with magnetic force, reaction 3h, filters and obtains precursor, is loaded by the material of preparation in porcelain boat, put into tube furnace in argon gas atmosphere by the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min by room temperature to 500 DEG C and constant temperature 2h, argon gas flow velocity is 60cc/min.Nanoporous carbonitride/cupric oxide composite is obtained after being cooled to room temperature.
the preparation of embodiment 2 carbonitrides/cupric oxide composite:
2.5g melamine and 4g Schweinfurt green powder are put into round-bottomed flask, simultaneously with 200ml methyl alcohol for solvent.Round-bottomed flask is put in constant temperature blender with magnetic force, reaction 2h, filters and obtains precursor, is loaded by the material of preparation in porcelain boat, put into tube furnace in argon gas atmosphere by the heating rate of 3 DEG C/min by room temperature to 550 DEG C and constant temperature 2h, argon gas flow velocity is 50cc/min.Nanoporous carbonitride/cupric oxide composite is obtained after being cooled to room temperature.
the preparation of embodiment 3 carbonitrides/cupric oxide composite:
2.5g melamine and 4g Schweinfurt green powder are put into round-bottomed flask, simultaneously with 200ml methyl alcohol for solvent.Round-bottomed flask is put in constant temperature blender with magnetic force, reaction 3h, filters and obtains precursor, is loaded by the material of preparation in porcelain boat, put into tube furnace in argon gas atmosphere by the heating rate of 3 DEG C/min by room temperature to 600 DEG C and constant temperature 3h, argon gas flow velocity is 60cc/min.Nanoporous carbonitride/cupric oxide composite is obtained after being cooled to room temperature.
the preparation of embodiment 4 carbonitrides/cupric oxide composite:
2.5g melamine and 4g Schweinfurt green powder are put into round-bottomed flask, simultaneously with 200ml methyl alcohol for solvent.Round-bottomed flask is put in constant temperature blender with magnetic force, reaction 3h, filters and obtains precursor, is loaded by the material of preparation in porcelain boat, put into tube furnace in argon gas atmosphere by the heating rate of 2 DEG C/min by room temperature to 550 DEG C and constant temperature 1h, argon gas flow velocity is 55cc/min.Nanoporous carbonitride/cupric oxide composite is obtained after being cooled to room temperature.
The raw material of present embodiment is the pure raw material of commercially available analysis.
embodiment 5: present embodiment a kind of has visible light-responded nanoporous carbonitride/cupric oxide composite and be applied to Visible Light Induced Photocatalytic dyestuff contaminant field.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is proved with following test.
test one:2.5g melamine and 4g Schweinfurt green powder are put into round-bottomed flask, simultaneously with 200ml methyl alcohol for solvent.Round-bottomed flask is put in constant temperature blender with magnetic force, reaction 3h, filters and obtains precursor, is loaded by the material of preparation in porcelain boat, put into tube furnace in argon gas atmosphere by the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min by room temperature to 500 DEG C and constant temperature 2h, argon gas flow velocity is 60cc/min.Nitride porous carbon/cupric oxide nano rod composite material is obtained after being cooled to room temperature.
test two:nanoporous carbonitride/cupric oxide the composite adopting SEM obtained to test one carries out carbonitride/cupric oxide composite SEM that electron-microscope scanning obtains as shown in Figure 1 schemes, testing a carbonitride/cupric oxide composite obtained as can be seen from Figure 1 is nanometer rods porous material, is porous nano bar structure.
test three:nitride porous carbon/cupric oxide nano the rod composite material adopting transmission electron microscope obtained to test one carries out carbonitride/cupric oxide composite TEM that electron-microscope scanning obtains as shown in Figure 2 schemes, and carbonitride as can be seen from Figure 2/cupric oxide composite is nano stick.
test four:x-ray diffraction is utilized to obtain the XRD figure of nanoporous carbonitride/cupric oxide composite that test one as shown in Figure 3 obtains.Be positioned at 35.4 as can be seen from Figure
o, 37.4
o, 38.7
ofor the characteristic diffraction peak of CuO, 27.3
ocharacteristic diffraction peak belong to graphite phase carbon nitride characteristic diffraction peak.
test five:the nanoporous carbonitride utilizing test one to prepare/cupric oxide composite degradation rhodamine B, with graphite phase carbon nitride and cupric oxide for control group, detailed process is as follows:
Take the obtained nanoporous carbonitride/cupric oxide composite of 40mg test one, being scattered in 100ml concentration is in the rhodamine B of 10mg/L, put into light reaction instrument lucifuge and stir half an hour, reach catalyst and rhodamine B adsorption-desorption balances, with the xenon lamp of 350w for light source, carry out the reaction of light degradation dyestuff.
Take 40mg graphite phase carbon nitride, being scattered in 100ml concentration is in the rhodamine B of 10mg/L, puts into light reaction instrument lucifuge and stirs half an hour, reach catalyst and rhodamine B adsorption-desorption balances, with the xenon lamp of 350w for light source, carry out the reaction of light degradation dyestuff.
Take 40mg cupric oxide, being scattered in 100ml concentration is in the rhodamine B of 10mg/L, puts into light reaction instrument lucifuge and stirs half an hour, reach catalyst and rhodamine B adsorption-desorption balances, with the xenon lamp of 350w for light source, carry out the reaction of light degradation dyestuff.
The first five minute, 1ml reactant liquor is got every one minute, within latter 25 minutes, got 1ml reactant liquor every five minutes, its absorbance surveyed by centrifugal rear Hitachi U-2900 ultraviolet specrophotometer, obtain light degradation curve map as shown in Figure 4, wherein black curve is graphite phase carbon nitride, and the red nitride porous carbon/cupric oxide nano rod composite material obtained for test one, green curve is cupric oxide.As seen from Figure 4, within 20 minutes, rhodamine B degradation rate is 100%, exceeds graphite phase carbon nitride and cupric oxide is a lot.
test six:by the nanoporous carbonitride in test 5/cupric oxide composite centrifugal drying, dispersion 100ml concentration is in the rhodamine B of 10mg/L, put into light reaction instrument lucifuge and stir half an hour, reach catalyst and rhodamine B adsorption-desorption balances, with the xenon lamp of 350w for light source, carry out the reaction of light degradation dyestuff.Get the centrifugal rear Hitachi U-2900 ultraviolet specrophotometer of 1ml reactant liquor every five minutes and survey its absorbance, so repeat the photocatalytic degradation repeatability curve map obtained for twice as shown in Figure 5.As can be seen from figure five, very well, photocatalytic activity almost remains unchanged nitride porous carbon/cupric oxide nano rod composite material repeatability, confirms that it has higher catalytic stability.
Claims (4)
1. there is a synthetic method for visible light-responded nitride porous carbon/cupric oxide nano rod composite material, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) melamine and Schweinfurt green powder are put into round-bottomed flask, add methyl alcohol as solvent; Be put in by round-bottomed flask in constant temperature blender with magnetic force, the reaction time is 1h-3h, by product filtration drying;
2) product step 1) prepared loads in porcelain boat, put into tube furnace, in argon gas atmosphere by the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min-4 DEG C/min by room temperature to 500 DEG C-600 DEG C and constant temperature 1h-3h, obtain nitride porous carbon/cupric oxide nano rod composite material after being then cooled to room temperature in argon gas atmosphere.
2. synthetic method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 1) in the temperature of constant temperature blender with magnetic force be 75 DEG C-80 DEG C.
3. synthetic method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 2) middle temperature constant temperature 1h-3h at 550 DEG C-600 DEG C.
4. synthetic method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 2) in argon gas flow velocity be 50-60cc/min.
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CN106732741A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-31 | 滨州学院 | The visible light catalyst of dyestuff and its preparation and application in a kind of degrading waste water |
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