CN104901327A - Double-pole HVDC system, controller and method for black start - Google Patents

Double-pole HVDC system, controller and method for black start Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104901327A
CN104901327A CN201410083102.4A CN201410083102A CN104901327A CN 104901327 A CN104901327 A CN 104901327A CN 201410083102 A CN201410083102 A CN 201410083102A CN 104901327 A CN104901327 A CN 104901327A
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pole
alternating voltage
stage
black starting
external communication
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CN104901327B (en
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马茨·安德森
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Hitachi Energy Co ltd
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ABB T&D Technology AG
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/36Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/66Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/68Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/72Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/75Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
    • H02M7/757Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/7575Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only for high voltage direct transmission link
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a double-pole HVDC system, a controller and a method for black start. The controller is used for controlling a rectifier device of the double-pole HVDC system in the black start stage; a first pole of the double-pole HVDC system transmits power to an alternating voltage bus of an external AC network; and the rectifier device of a second pole of the double-pole HVDC system obtains the power from the alternating voltage bus of the external AC network and transmits the power to a DC power transmission line of the second pole. The controller comprises a receiving module and a control module, wherein the receiving module is suitable for receiving the measurement result of the alternating voltage on the alternating voltage bus of the external AC network in the black start stage, and the control module is suitable for controlling the rectifier device of the second pole based on the measurement result of the alternating voltage so as to adjust the alternating voltage on the alternating voltage bus in the black start stage. Through the controller, voltage amplitude control and voltage frequency control can be applied to current transformers in the same station of the double-pole HVDC system in the black start stage, so that dependence on inter-station communication gets less.

Description

For the double-pole HVDC system of black starting-up, controller and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission system field, more particularly, relate to at the method for black starting-up stage control HVDC system and controller.
Background technology
Accident (being commonly referred to be power failure) can cause any AC network thoroughly to interrupt.Voltage converter (VSC) the HVDC circuit Cross Sound VSC HVDC circuit of Northeastern United States outage (such as on August 14th, 2003) has shown it and has been used as the stronger ability that point of safes rebuilds AC network around.Such as, see " CROSS SOUND CABLE PROJECT SECOND GENERATION VSC TECHNOLOGY FOR HVDC " (L. et al., session2004, B4-102).
Current source type converter (CSC) also may be used for black starting-up potentially.For example, see " SUPPLYING DEAD LOAD WITH A CONVENTIONAL HVDC SYSTEM " (M.Mohaddes et.al., Proceedings of CIGRE Colloquium on Role of HVDC, FACTS and Emerging Technologies in Evolving Power Systems, Sep.2005, Bangalore, India), this article proposes the CSC HVDC system that can provide electric power to passive load (dead load), does not wherein have generator to can be used for the abnormal operating condition of such as black starting-up.Especially, as shown in Figure 1, which depict the single-stage HVDC system comprising converting plant and Inverter Station; During black starting-up, inverter runs with the independent pulse diagram about the variable (such as AC bus line voltage) in HVDC system; During black starting-up, inverter not with AC bus line voltage homophase; In addition, produce from the inverter outside the station be positioned at residing for rectifier and feed back for the control signal of the AC voltage magnitude of the AC bus line of rectifier controller, that is, it needs interior communication between two stations separated from one another by DC power transmission line.
But about the communication for handshaking between any station, this system may be very slow; And the signal relay station between two converter stations occurs to have a power failure also can affect communication.In addition, for the black starting-up (comprising isolated (islanded) fluctuation generating) of passive network, VSC is through the technology of checking, and having starting to of the passive AC network of HVDC transmission is only practicable with regard to VSC so far.But the general shortcoming of VSC is high cost and loss.Usually compared to VSC technology, there is lower cost and loss based on the line turnaround current transformer (LCC) of CSC and electric capacity commutation current transformer (CCC).Major defect for the existing CSC solution of black starting-up is high threshold pressure (valve stress), especially when lower power levels.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of controller for the rectifier equipment in black starting-up stage control double-pole HVDC system, in the black starting-up stage, first pole of described double-pole HVDC system delivers power to the alternating voltage bus of external communication network, and the rectifier equipment of the second pole of described double-pole HVDC system obtains electric power from the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication network and is transported to the DC power transmission circuit of described second pole, described controller comprises: receiver module and control module, described receiver module is suitable for receiving the measurement result of the alternating voltage in the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication network in the described black starting-up stage, described control module is suitable for the described rectifier equipment controlling described second pole based on the measurement result of described alternating voltage, to regulate the described alternating voltage in described alternating voltage bus in the described black starting-up stage.By using described controller, in the black starting-up stage, voltage magnitude control and electric voltage frequency can be controlled the multiple current transformers being applied to the same station being positioned at double-pole HVDC system, therefore, the dependence of interior communication being become less.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, double-pole HVDC system comprises the first pole, second pole and controller, described first pole is suitable for delivering power to the alternating voltage bus of external communication network in the black starting-up stage, described second pole is suitable for obtaining electric power in the described black starting-up stage from the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication network and being transported to the DC power transmission circuit of described second pole, described controller comprises receiver module and control module, described receiver module is suitable for receiving the measurement result of the alternating voltage in the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication network in the described black starting-up stage, described control module is suitable for controlling described rectifier equipment based on the measurement result of described alternating voltage, to regulate the described alternating voltage in the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication network in the described black starting-up stage.By using described controller, voltage magnitude control and electric voltage frequency can be controlled to be applied to the multiple current transformers being positioned at same station, therefore, the dependence of interior communication being become less.By having this topological structure of double-pole HVDC system, in the black starting-up stage, voltage magnitude control and electric voltage frequency can be controlled the current transformer being applied to the same station being positioned at double-pole HVDC system, therefore, the dependence of interior communication being become less.
According to another aspect of the present invention, for comprising in the method for black starting-up stage control double-pole HVDC system: the alternating voltage bus being delivered power to external communication network by the first pole; Electric power is obtained from the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication network by the second pole; Receive the measurement result of the alternating voltage in the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication network; And control the rectifier equipment of described second pole, to regulate the described alternating voltage in the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication network based on the measurement result of described alternating voltage.By using the control method being used for double-pole HVDC system, in the black starting-up stage, voltage magnitude control and electric voltage frequency can be controlled the current transformer being applied to the same station being positioned at double-pole HVDC system, therefore, the dependence of interior communication being become less.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Hereinafter with reference to preferred illustrative embodiment shown in the drawings, theme of the present invention is illustrated in greater detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 illustrates the traditional monopole HVDC system for black starting-up;
Fig. 2 illustrates the double-pole HVDC system in the black starting-up stage according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 illustrates the block diagram of the controller according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 illustrates the block diagram of controller in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 illustrates the block diagram of controller in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 illustrates the block diagram of controller in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 illustrates the block diagram of another controller according to the embodiment of the present invention; And
Fig. 8 be illustrate according to the embodiment of the present invention for the method flow diagram in black starting-up stage control double-pole HVDC system.
The Reference numeral used in accompanying drawing and implication thereof are listed in summary form in reference numerals list.Generally speaking, identical in accompanying drawing parts use same Reference numeral.
Embodiment
Fig. 2 shows the double-pole HVDC system in the black starting-up stage according to the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 2, double-pole HVDC system 2 comprises the first pole P1 and the second pole P2.The second end that the first end of the first pole P1 is connected to the first AC network 20, first pole P1 by the first transformer T1 is connected to the second AC network 21 by the second transformer T2.The second end that the first end of the second pole P2 is connected to the first AC network 20, second pole P2 by the 4th transformer T4 is connected to the second AC network 21 by the 3rd transformer T3.First AC network 20 and the second AC network 21 are in the outside of double-pole HVDC 2.
Those skilled in the art are to be understood that, by adjustment Trigger Angle (firing angle), the operator scheme of current transformer can switch between inverter and rectifier, such as, the current transformer of the first pole P1 for double-pole HVDC system 2 and the second pole P2 can be controlled, to operate when black starting-up operation or normal running.The rectifier current transformer in the first pole P1 has the first current transformer S1P1(in this case black starting-up stage), the first current transformer S1P1 is connected to the first transformer T1 at the first end of the first pole P1 by the first optional commutating capacitor CA.First transformer T1 is connected to the first alternating voltage bus 22 of the first AC network 20.The inverter current transformer in also there is the second current transformer S2P1(in this case black starting-up stage), the second current transformer S2P1 is connected to the second transformer T2 at second end of the first pole P1 by the second optional commutating capacitor CB.Second transformer T2 is connected to the second alternating voltage bus 23 of the second AC network 21 further.These two current transformer S1P1 and S2P1 are then by the first DC power transmission circuit 24(and HVDC transmission circuit) be connected to each other.The rectifier current transformer in the second pole P2 has the 3rd current transformer S2P2(in this case black starting-up stage), the 3rd current transformer S2P2 is connected to the 3rd transformer T3 at second end of the second pole P2 by the 3rd optional commutating capacitor CC.3rd transformer T3 is connected to the second alternating voltage bus 22 of the second AC network 21.Also there is the inverter current transformer in the 4th current transformer S1P2(in this case black starting-up stage), the 4th current transformer S1P2 is connected to the 4th transformer T4 at the first end of the second pole P2 by the 4th optional commutating capacitor CD.4th transformer T4 is connected to the first alternating voltage bus 22 of the first AC network 20 further.These two current transformer S1P1 and S2P2 are then by the second DC power transmission circuit 25(and HVDC transmission circuit) be connected to each other.On entity, the first current transformer S1P1 and the 4th current transformer S1P2 is arranged in first stop S1 (as shown in left side), and the second current transformer S2P1 and the 3rd current transformer S2P2 is arranged in second station S2 (as shown on the right).In first stop, the first current transformer S1P1 and the 4th current transformer S1P2 level on line connect, and their common neutral points are this ground connection; In the second station, the second current transformer S2P1 and the 3rd current transformer S2P2 level on line connect, and their common neutral points are this ground connection.About bipolar HVDC transmission 2 according to the present invention, expect to carry out long-distance transmissions.Circuit between two stations is made up of the first DC power transmission circuit 24 and the second DC power transmission circuit 25, and that is, it is separated from one another that first stop and second station pass through long DC power transmission circuit.Finally, in Fig. 2, comprise controller, this controller on entity near second station S2 or to be positioned at second station S2 inner.Controller 26 is for controlling the 3rd current transformer S2P2.The block diagram of the controller according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown about controller 26, Fig. 3, comprises receiver module 260 and control module 261.Receiver module 260 is for receiving the measurement result of the alternating voltage in the second alternating voltage bus 23, control module 261 controls the 3rd current transformer S2P2(in this case rectifier current transformer for the measurement result of the alternating voltage received based on receiver module 260), to regulate the alternating voltage in the second alternating voltage bus 23.
Now the typical control philosophy used in black starting-up stage double-pole HVDC system according to the embodiment of the present invention is described.As shown in Figure 2, the positive direction enterprising line operate of the first pole P1 shown in arrow FD, such as, the first pole P1 obtains electric power from the first AC network 20 and delivers power to the second alternating voltage bus 23 of the second AC network 21.Especially, nearly all AC harmonic filter and optional shunt capacitor (shunt capacitor) are first connected in the S2 of station.Subsequently, with (ramping) current-order of rising gradually, the first pole P1 is unlocked (deblock), this current-order starts from minimum current and the reactive power consumption ending at the first current transformer S1P1 and the second current transformer S2P1 becomes the region of relatively flat.In this manner, any Rapid Variable Design (active power) that direct current is later all can not cause any change greatly of reactive power.If interior communication can be used, then the second pole P2 will unlock from initiating sequence.If unavailable according to embodiment of the present invention interior communication, then the unlocking condition that the AC bus voltage response in the first pole P1 and direct current response will be used as in the second pole P2.3rd current transformer S2P2 implements AC bus voltage amplitude and controls.The opposite direction of the second pole P2 shown in arrow RD operates, such as, in the black starting-up stage, the 3rd current transformer S2P2(in this case rectifier current transformer of the second pole P2) obtain electric power from the alternating voltage bus 23 of the second AC network 21, electric power is delivered to the DC power transmission circuit of the second pole P2, then, electric power is provided to the first alternating voltage bus 22 of the first AC network 20.Especially, because the 4th current transformer S1P2 is connected to normal first AC network 20, so direct voltage is set up relatively fast in the second pole P2.Direct current is also set up relatively fast in the first pole P1; Because the alternating voltage amplitude of second station S2 is low, so the continuous reverse voltage of the second current transformer S2P1 is relatively low.Total electric power that first pole P1 is delivered to the second AC network 21 is greater than the electric power that the second pole P2 obtains.For this reason, alternating voltage is set up smoothly by mainly deferring to the current-order risen gradually in the first current transformer S1P1.Because the 4th current transformer S1P2 improves high anti-direct voltage, so the 3rd current transformer S2P2 presses on towards minimum permission Trigger Angle instruction.Finally, the alternating voltage amplitude of second station for enough high direct current, to flow in the second pole P2 continuously.Once direct current is greater than minimum current, controller 26 just becomes active and AC bus voltage amplitude is controlled to designated value (normally 1.0pu).When starting (nearly all AC harmonic filter is connected AC network with optional shunt capacitor) under no load, power factor is capacitive at first completely.Also this point can be found out in the flame-out angle of the second initial very high current transformer S2P1.When direct current increases in the second pole P2, reactive power consumption also increases, and the flame-out angle of the second current transformer S2P1 drops to lower level.This improves the direct voltage of the first pole P1 then, and more active power is transported to the second AC network 21 by the first pole P1 subsequently.The direction that positive direction FD is used under normal operation with double-pole HVDC system is consistent, the direction that RD is used under normal operation with double-pole HVDC system is in the other direction contrary, this can be realized by the operator scheme (such as, by adjusting the Trigger Angle of current transformer) controlling each current transformer used in double-pole HVDC system.Owing to circulating in double-pole HVDC system in black starting-up stage active power, so the amplitude that the 3rd current transformer S2P2 can perform the alternating voltage in the second alternating voltage bus 23 of the second AC network 21 controls; Especially, the receiver module 260 of controller 26 can receive the value of the amplitude of the alternating voltage in the second alternating voltage bus 23 of the second AC network 21 in the black starting-up stage, the control module 261 of controller 26 can control the 3rd current transformer S2P2 of the effect of the rectifier equipment playing the second pole P2, to regulate the amplitude of the alternating voltage in the second alternating voltage bus 23 of outside second AC network 21 in the black starting-up stage.Such as, if the alternating voltage amplitude measured is higher than designated value, then PI controller will reduce valve Trigger Angle, thus increase direct current.Rely on higher direct current, obtain more electric power from the second alternating voltage bus 23 of the second AC network 21, this reduce alternating voltage amplitude.Correspondingly, if measured alternating voltage amplitude is lower than designated value, then PI controller will increase valve Trigger Angle, thus reduce direct current.Rely on lower direct current, obtain less electric power from the second alternating voltage bus 23 of the second AC network 21, which increase alternating voltage amplitude.
Fig. 4 illustrates the block diagram of controller in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.Compared to Fig. 3, control module 261 according to the controller 26 of Fig. 4 comprises submodule further, this submodule is used for the second current transformer S2P1 playing the effect of inverter apparatus at black starting-up stage control, to regulate the frequency of the alternating voltage in the second alternating voltage bus 23 of outside second AC network 21 in the described black starting-up stage.
First reference frequency F is received in S2P1 rEF.To this reference frequency negate.Divided by 3 after negate, to obtain the single trigger impulse duration of normal 6 pulse three phase full-wave bridges.Fig. 4 gives the example of the trigger impulse of two 6 pulse electric bridges, supposes between two electric bridges, have typical 30 ° of transformer phase shifting.Two the 6 pulse electric bridges arranged in this manner are considered to 12 pulse groups usually.Odd number (FP1, FP3, FP5 etc.) trigger impulse will be used in the first electric bridge.Correspondingly, even number (FP2, FP4, FP6 etc.) trigger impulse will be used in the second electric bridge.Such as, if increase reference frequency, then the duration of each trigger impulse will be shorter, and this can shorten the ac cycle duration, because this increasing AC system frequency.Correspondingly, if reduce reference frequency, the duration of each trigger impulse will be longer, and this can extend the ac cycle duration, because this reducing AC system frequency.
In the black starting-up stage, the second current transformer S2P1 can obtain direct current power from the DC power transmission circuit 24 of the first pole P1, and the direct current power of acquisition is delivered to the second alternating voltage bus 23 of outside second AC network 21 in the described black starting-up stage.Because the alternating voltage bus 23 of the second current transformer S2P1 and the 3rd current transformer S2P2 and outside second AC network 21 is positioned at the same side relative to the DC power transmission circuit 24,25 of the first pole P and the second pole P2, so, the controller 26 being used for controlling the second current transformer S2P1 and the 3rd current transformer S2P2 can be arranged in the same side, such as, in second station S2.Therefore, compared to prior art, can be limited in the same side of the position relative to DC power transmission circuit 24,25 about the signal stream controlled amplitude and the frequency of the alternating voltage in the second alternating voltage bus 23, and controller 26, second current transformer S2P1 and the 3rd current transformer S2P2 can be disposed in second station S2.This has broken away from the demand to interior communication, and under the power-off condition of real life, this extremely thirsts for.In addition, when alternating voltage amplitude is away from its set point, this also greatly reduces the response time.Because AC overvoltage can damage any equipment being connected to the second alternating voltage bus 23 and/or outside second AC network 21, potentially so especially undesirably there is long-term AC overvoltage.
Fig. 5 shows the block diagram of controller in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.Compared to Fig. 3, the submodule of the measurement result for receiving the direct current on the DC power transmission circuit 25 of the second pole P2 in the black starting-up stage is comprised further according to the receiver module 260 of the controller 26 of Fig. 5, control module 261 the 3rd current transformer S2P2(comprised further for controlling the second pole P2 based on DC current measurement result of controller 26 plays the effect of rectifier in the black starting-up stage) submodule, direct current is adjusted to more than minimum value in the black starting-up stage.Such as, if the direct current amplitude measured is lower than minimum reference value, then PI controller will reduce its valve Trigger Angle limits value, and this can make alternating voltage amplitude controller ineffective and increase direct current.Correspondingly, if the direct current amplitude measured is higher than minimum reference value, then PI controller will increase its valve Trigger Angle limits value, and this can activate alternating voltage amplitude controller.This is that the equipment of based semiconductor thyristor (thyristor) is being useful when triggered semiconductor thyristor safely at the 3rd current transformer S2P2.
Usually in the black starting-up stage, the load variations in the second AC network 21 causes systemic transient, and load variations must be larger, and systemic transient is also larger.Importantly keep the flame-out angle in the second current transformer S2P1 enough high, make electric power can be conveyed continuously AC network passive at first.Higher flame-out angle means will have more transition nargin, but it has also implied will have higher valve loss and valve pressure.Another object of the embodiment of the present invention valve pressure is distributed in as much as possible on four current transformers in two stations, but not only make all valve pressures all on the second current transformer S2P1.By laying in some transition nargin and relying on control action fast to use these nargin can realize this object.In order to do not rely on communication and accelerate control action, detection criteria by based on self station in measurement result.Use the response of direct voltage, direct current and alternating voltage.
Fig. 6 shows the block diagram of controller in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.Compared to Fig. 3, control module 261 according to the controller 26 of Fig. 6 comprises submodule further, in response to the amplitude at the alternating voltage of black starting-up stage in the second alternating voltage bus 23 of outside second AC network 21, larger change occurs suddenly, this submodule is used for its Trigger Angle being set in minimum value to control the 3rd current transformer S2P2 of the second pole P2 by transition.Use multiple criterion to judge in the second alternating voltage bus 23 and there occurs alternating voltage decline, such as, the first pole P1 has relatively large direct voltage and falls and to rise with direct current and/or the second pole P2 has relative large direct voltage and falls and fall with direct current.The safe commutation of the second current transformer S2P1 is the major control target of the 3rd current transformer S2P2.Therefore, when the alternating voltage in the second alternating voltage bus 23 declines: Trigger Angle is forced to be reduced to the minimum permissible value increasing the total electric power obtained from the second AC network 21, this alternating voltage is fallen more serious.But this action greatly reduces the reactive power consumption of the 3rd current transformer S2P2, therefore, AC network will become capacitive character more.Once the direct voltage in the first pole P1 returns to relatively high level, allow Trigger Angle again to turn back to normal alternating voltage and control.When alternating voltage increases, high alternating voltage amplitude is used as criterion.Trigger Angle is forced to be reduced to the minimum permissible value increasing the total electric power obtained from the second AC network 21, it reduces the alternating voltage in the second alternating voltage bus 23.When alternating voltage amplitude reduces to normal level, allow Trigger Angle again to turn back to normal alternating voltage and control.By Trigger Angle being arranged to when more heavy load changes the Min. in S2P2, can be that in S2P1, successfully the nargin of transition is more set up in commutation.This means to use lower flame-out angle in the steady state operation of S2P1, this had both decreased valve loss and had again reduced valve pressure.
As shown in Figure 2, double-pole HVDC system 2 comprises another controller 27 further.Fig. 7 illustrates the block diagram of another controller according to the embodiment of the present invention.In the black starting-up stage, the first current transformer S1P1 playing the effect of rectifier equipment delivers power to the DC power transmission circuit 24 of the first pole P1.Another controller 27 can control the first current transformer S1P1 of the first pole P1 based on the instantaneous direct current DC power transmission circuit 24,25 of the first pole P1 and the second pole P2 reducing/increases and the measurement result of direct voltage, in the black starting-up stage more/less active power to be transported to the DC power transmission circuit 24 of the first pole P1.To fall due to relatively little direct voltage in the first pole P1 and in the second pole P2, relatively large direct voltage falls, can judge that the decline of alternating voltage occurs in second station S2.Form the difference of steady-state DC electric current and instantaneous direct current in S1P2.Gain is imposed to the difference of this electric current.Correspondingly increase the direct current instruction in S1P1 subsequently.When the direct voltage of the first pole P1 returns to relatively high level, the increase of the current-order in the first pole P1 stops.After alternating voltage declines, by carrying more electric power with the first pole P1 to the second AC network 21, can not there is too large change in the operating point of the second pole P2.By not making the operating point of the second pole P2 that too large change occurs, can not there is too large change in total AC network power factor of the second AC network 21.This is very important, because it means in the second current transformer S2P1 still there is enough flame-out angles, electric current can be fed continuously to the second AC network 21.When alternating voltage increases, two extremely in direct voltage will have relatively large increase.Form the difference of pre-interference direct current and instantaneous direct current in S1P2.Gain is imposed to the difference of this electric current.Correspondingly reduce the direct current instruction in S1P1 subsequently.When the direct voltage of the second pole P2 drops to complete normal level, the minimizing of the current-order in the first pole P1 stops.After alternating voltage increases, by carrying less electric power with the first pole P1 to the second AC network 21, can not there is too large change in the operating point of the second pole P2.By not making the operating point of the second pole P2 that too large change occurs, can not there is too large change in total AC network power factor of the second AC network 21.This is very important, because it means in the second current transformer S2P1 still there is enough flame-out angles, electric current can be fed continuously to the second AC network 21.Adjust direct current instruction in S1P1 by transition, can in S2P1 successfully commutation set up the nargin of transition more.This means to use lower flame-out angle in the steady state operation of S2P1, this had both decreased valve loss and had again reduced valve pressure.
Preferably, obtain electric power at the 4th current transformer S1P2 of effect playing inverter apparatus from the DC power transmission circuit 25 of the second pole P2 and deliver power to the black starting-up stage of the first alternating voltage bus 22 of outside first AC network 20, another controller 27 can control the 4th current transformer S1P2 of the second pole P2 based on the measurement result of the instantaneous direct voltage DC power transmission circuit 24,25 of the first pole P1 and the second pole P2 reducing/increases, to increase the direct voltage on the DC power transmission circuit 25 of the second pole P2.Detection criteria for the 4th current transformer S1P2 is identical with the detection criteria for the first current transformer S1P1.The normal steady state operation of the 4th current transformer S1P2 is DC voltage control and atypical minimum flame-out angle controls.This has laid in relatively little nargin, makes it possible to control to increase pole direct voltage fast by transforming to minimum flame-out angle from DC voltage control.By direct voltage increase fast, the 3rd current transformer S2P2 needs carry out the direct current operating to transmit identical amount with less Trigger Angle.Less Trigger Angle means less HVDC current transformer reactive power consumption.By reducing the reactive power consumption of second station S2, AC network power factor becomes rapidly more capacitive, and this is that in the second current transformer S2P1, successful commutation establishes more nargin.Increasing direct voltage in S1P2 by transition, can be the nargin that in S2P1, more transitions are set up in successful commutation.This means to use lower flame-out angle in the steady state operation of S2P1, this had both decreased valve loss and had again reduced valve pressure.
Fig. 8 is the flow chart of the method in black starting-up stage control double-pole HVDC system according to the embodiment of the present invention.As described above, in step 80, the second alternating voltage bus 23 of outside second AC network 21 is delivered power to by the first pole P1; Especially, first nearly all AC harmonic filter and optional shunt capacitor are connected in the S2 of station.Subsequently, unlocked by the first pole P1 with the current-order that rises gradually, this current-order starts from minimum current and the reactive power consumption ending at the first current transformer S1P1 and the second current transformer S2P1 becomes the region of relatively flat.In this manner, any Rapid Variable Design (active power) that direct current is later all can not cause any change greatly of reactive power.If interior communication can be used, then the second pole P2 will unlock from initiating sequence.If unavailable according to embodiment of the present invention interior communication, then the AC bus voltage response in the first pole P1 and direct current response will be used as the unlocking condition of the second pole P2.Subsequently in step 81, obtain electric power by the second pole P2 from the second alternating voltage bus 23 of outside second AC network 21; Especially, because the 4th current transformer S1P2 is connected to normal first AC network 20, so direct voltage is set up relatively very fast in the second pole P2.Direct current is also set up relatively very fast in the first pole P1; Because the alternating current of second station S2 forces down, so the continuous reverse voltage of the second current transformer S2P1 is relatively low.The total electric power being delivered to the second AC network 21 by the first pole P1 is greater than the electric power that the second pole P2 obtains.Subsequently in step 82, the measurement result of the alternating voltage in the second alternating voltage bus 23 of outside second AC network 21 is received.Last in a step 83, control based on the 3rd current transformer S2P2 of effect of ac voltage measurement result to the rectifier equipment playing the second pole P2, to regulate the alternating voltage in the second alternating voltage bus 23 of outside second AC network 21; Especially, the 3rd current transformer S2P2 of effect in the black starting-up stage to the rectifier equipment playing the second pole P2 controls, to regulate the amplitude of the alternating voltage in the second alternating voltage bus 23 of outside second AC network 21; Such as, if the alternating voltage amplitude measured is higher than designated value, then PI controller will reduce valve Trigger Angle, thus increase direct current.Rely on higher direct current, obtain more electric power from the second alternating voltage bus 23 of the second AC network 21, this reduce alternating voltage amplitude.Correspondingly, if measured alternating voltage amplitude is lower than designated value, then PI controller will increase valve Trigger Angle, thus reduce direct current.Rely on lower direct current, obtain less electric power from the second alternating voltage bus 23 of the second AC network 21, which increase alternating voltage amplitude.
Preferably, the second current transformer S2P1 of effect of the inverter apparatus playing the first pole P1 is controlled, further to regulate the frequency of the alternating voltage in the second alternating voltage bus 23 of outside second AC network 21.First reference frequency F is received in S2P1 rEF.To this reference frequency negate.Divided by 3 after negate, to obtain the single trigger impulse duration of normal 6 pulse three phase full-wave bridges.Such as, if increase reference frequency, then the duration of each trigger impulse will be shorter, and this can shorten the ac cycle duration, because this increasing AC system frequency.Correspondingly, if reduce reference frequency, then the duration of each trigger impulse will be longer, and this can extend the ac cycle duration, because this reducing AC system frequency.
Single trigger impulse duration (in seconds)=
Preferably, the measurement result of the direct current on the DC power transmission circuit 25 of further reception second pole P2, and play the 3rd current transformer S2P2 of the effect of the rectifier equipment of the second pole P2 based on DC current measurement output control, so that direct current is adjusted to more than minimum value.Such as, if the direct current amplitude measured is lower than minimum reference value, then PI controller will reduce its valve Trigger Angle limits value, and this can make alternating voltage amplitude controller ineffective and increase direct current.Correspondingly, if the direct current amplitude measured is higher than minimum reference value, then PI controller will increase its valve Trigger Angle limits value, and this can activate alternating voltage amplitude controller.
In order to reduce the valve pressure of current transformer in the black starting-up stage, as described above, the method preferably further comprises:
Suddenly there is the event of larger change in response to the amplitude at the alternating voltage of black starting-up stage in the second alternating voltage bus 23, its Trigger Angle is set in minimum value by transition and the 3rd current transformer S2P2 of effect of the rectifier equipment playing the second pole P2 is controlled;
Instantaneous value is defined as instantaneous value.
Steady-state value is defined as, when system normally and when operating under not disturbed mode to the first instruction low-pass filtering of the relatively high time constant (representative value 100ms) of the continuous sequence application of instantaneous value.
Representative condition for alternating voltage decline detects:
(instantaneous S2P1I dc>1.05 × stable state S2P1I dc) and
(instantaneous S2P1U dc<0.95 × stable state S2P1U dc) and
(instantaneous S2P1I dc<0.95 × stable state S2P2I dc) and
(instantaneous S2P2U dc<0.95 × stable state S2P2U dc)
For turning back to the representative condition that normal amplitude controls:
(instantaneous S2P1U dc>0.85 × stable state S2P1U dc)
The representative condition detected is increased for alternating voltage:
(instantaneous alternating voltage bus 23>1.1 × designated value)
For proceeding the representative condition that normal amplitude controls:
(instantaneous alternating voltage bus 23< designated value)
The first current transformer S1P1 of effect of measurement result to the rectifier equipment playing the first pole P1 based on the instantaneous direct current DC power transmission circuit 24,25 of the first pole P1 and the second pole P2 increasing/reduces and direct voltage controls, more/less active power to be transported to the DC power transmission circuit 24 of the first pole P1;
Representative condition for alternating voltage decline detects:
(instantaneous S1P1U dc<0.99 × stable state S1P1U dc) and
(instantaneous S1P2U dc<0.95 × stable state S1P2U dc)
The representative condition detected is increased for alternating voltage:
(instantaneous S1P1U dc>1.05 × stable state S1P1U dc) and
(instantaneous S1P2U dc>1.05 × stable state S1P2U dc)
Typical action when detecting that alternating voltage declines in S1P1:
S1P1 Δ Iord=((stable state S1P2I dc-instantaneous S1P2I dc) × 2)
Typical action when detecting that alternating voltage increases in S1P1:
S1P1 Δ Iord=((stable state S1P2I dc-instantaneous S1P2I dc) × 0.75)
And/or
The four current transformer S1P2 of effect of measurement result to the inverter apparatus playing the second pole P2 based on the instantaneous direct voltage of the decline/increase on the DC power transmission circuit 24,25 of the first pole P1 and the second pole P2 controls, to increase the direct voltage on the DC power transmission circuit 25 of the second pole P2.
(instantaneous S1P1U dc<0.99 × stable state S1P1U dc) and
(instantaneous S1P2U dc<0.95 × stable state S1P2U dc)
Typical action when detecting that alternating voltage declines in S1P2:
S1P2U dcincrease=(nominal S1P2U dc× 0.03)
Although according to some preferred embodiments, invention has been described, those skilled in the art are to be understood that these embodiments absolutely not should limit the scope of the invention.When not deviating from the present invention's spirit and theory, any change that embodiment is made and revised all should within the scope of the understanding of personnel with general knowledge and technology, thus fall in the scope of the present invention that limited by claims.

Claims (23)

1., for the controller of the rectifier equipment in black starting-up stage control double-pole HVDC system, described controller comprises:
Receiver module, described receiver module is suitable for the measurement result of the alternating voltage in the alternating voltage bus that the black starting-up stage receives external communication network, wherein in the described black starting-up stage, first pole of described double-pole HVDC system delivers power to the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication network, and the described rectifier equipment of the second pole of described double-pole HVDC system obtains electric power from the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication network and is transported to the DC power transmission circuit of described second pole; And
Control module, described control module is suitable for the described rectifier equipment controlling described second pole based on the measurement result of described alternating voltage, to regulate the described alternating voltage in described alternating voltage bus in the described black starting-up stage.
2. controller according to claim 1, wherein:
Described control module is further adapted for the described rectifier equipment controlling described second pole, to regulate the amplitude of the described alternating voltage in the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication network in the described black starting-up stage.
3. controller according to claim 2, wherein:
Described control module is further adapted for the inverter apparatus controlling described first pole, to regulate the frequency of the described alternating voltage in the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication network in the described black starting-up stage;
The described inverter apparatus of described first pole is suitable for obtaining direct current power in the described black starting-up stage from the DC power transmission circuit of described first pole and being transported to the alternating voltage bus of described external communication network;
The described inverter apparatus of described first pole and the described rectifier equipment of described second pole are positioned at identical station.
4. the controller according to Claims 2 or 3, wherein:
The described rectifier equipment of described second pole is the equipment of based semiconductor thyristor;
Described receiver module is further adapted for direct current on the described DC power transmission circuit receiving described second pole and the measurement result of voltage;
The described control module measurement result be further adapted for based on described direct current and voltage controls the described rectifier equipment of described second pole, described direct current is adjusted to more than minimum value in the described black starting-up stage.
5. the controller according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein:
Described rectifier equipment is the equipment of based semiconductor thyristor;
In response to the event that the measurement result at the described alternating voltage of black starting-up stage in the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication voltage network declines, described control module is further adapted for and its Trigger Angle is set in by transition the described rectifier equipment that minimum value controls described second pole.
6. the controller according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein:
Described rectifier equipment is configured to CCC or LCC.
7. controller according to claim 3, wherein:
Described inverter apparatus is configured to CCC or LCC.
8. double-pole HVDC system, comprising:
First pole, described first pole is suitable for delivering power to the alternating voltage bus of external communication network in the black starting-up stage;
Second pole, described second pole comprises rectifier equipment, and described rectifier equipment is suitable for obtaining electric power in the described black starting-up stage from the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication network and being transported to the DC power transmission circuit of described second pole;
Controller, described controller comprises:
Receiver module, described receiver module is suitable for receiving the measurement result of the alternating voltage in the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication network in the described black starting-up stage; And
Control module, described control module is suitable for controlling described rectifier equipment based on the measurement result of described alternating voltage, to regulate the described alternating voltage in the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication network in the described black starting-up stage.
9. double-pole HVDC system according to claim 8, wherein:
Described control module is further adapted for the described rectifier equipment controlling described second pole, to regulate the amplitude of the described alternating voltage in the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication network in the described black starting-up stage;
Wherein:
Described controller is positioned at the station holding described rectifier equipment.
10. double-pole HVDC system according to claim 9, wherein:
Described control module is further adapted for the inverter apparatus controlling described first pole, to regulate the frequency of the described alternating voltage in the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication network in the described black starting-up stage;
Described inverter apparatus is suitable for obtaining direct current power in the described black starting-up stage from the DC power transmission circuit of described first pole and being transported to the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication network;
Described inverter apparatus and described rectifier equipment are positioned at described station.
11. double-pole HVDC systems according to claim 9 or 10, wherein:
The described rectifier equipment of described second pole is the equipment of based semiconductor thyristor;
Described receiver module is further adapted for the measurement result of direct current on the described DC power transmission circuit that described black starting-up stage receives described second pole and voltage;
The described control module measurement result be further adapted for based on described direct current and voltage controls the described rectifier equipment of described second pole, described direct current is adjusted to more than minimum value in the described black starting-up stage.
Double-pole HVDC system described in 12. according to Claim 8 or 9 or 10, wherein:
The described rectifier equipment of described second pole is the equipment of based semiconductor thyristor;
The event of larger change occurs suddenly in response to the amplitude at the alternating voltage of black starting-up stage in the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication voltage network, and described control module is further adapted for and its Trigger Angle is set in by transition the described rectifier equipment that minimum value controls described second pole.
Double-pole HVDC system described in 13. according to Claim 8 or 9 or 10, wherein:
The described rectifier equipment of described second pole is configured to CCC or LCC.
14. double-pole HVDC systems according to claim 10, wherein:
The described inverter apparatus of described first pole is configured to CCC or LCC.
15. double-pole HVDC systems according to claim 12, wherein:
Described first comprises rectifier equipment extremely further, and the rectifier equipment of described first pole delivers power to the DC power transmission circuit of described first pole in the described black starting-up stage; And
Described double-pole HVDC system comprises further:
Another controller, the measurement result that another controller described is suitable for instantaneous direct current and the direct voltage that the described DC power transmission circuit based on described first pole and described second pole reduces/increases controls the described rectifier equipment of described first pole, in the black starting-up stage more/less active power to be transported to the described DC power transmission circuit of described first pole.
16. double-pole HVDC systems according to claim 12, wherein:
Described second comprises inverter apparatus extremely further, and the inverter apparatus of described second pole obtains electric power in the described black starting-up stage from the described DC power transmission circuit of described second pole and delivers power to the alternating voltage bus of another external communication network; And
Described double-pole HVDC system comprises further:
Another controller, the measurement result that another controller described is suitable for instantaneous direct voltage and the direct voltage that the described DC power transmission circuit based on described first pole and described second pole reduces/increases controls the described inverter apparatus of described second pole, to increase the direct voltage on the described DC power transmission circuit of described second pole in the described black starting-up stage.
17., for the method in black starting-up stage control double-pole HVDC system, comprising:
The alternating voltage bus of external communication network is delivered power to by the first pole;
Electric power is obtained from the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication network by the second pole;
Receive the measurement result of the alternating voltage in the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication network; And
Measurement result based on described alternating voltage controls the rectifier equipment of described second pole, to regulate the described alternating voltage in the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication network.
18. methods according to claim 17, comprise further:
Control the described rectifier equipment of described second pole, to regulate the amplitude of the described alternating voltage in the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication network.
19. methods according to claim 18, comprise further:
Control the inverter apparatus of described first pole, to regulate the frequency of the described alternating voltage in the described alternating voltage bus of described external communication network.
20. methods according to claim 18 or 19, comprise further:
Receive the measurement result of direct current on the described DC power transmission circuit of described second pole and voltage; And
Measurement result based on described direct current controls the described rectifier equipment of described second pole, so that described direct current is adjusted to more than minimum value.
21. methods according to claim 17 or 18 or 19, comprise further:
Suddenly there is the event of larger change in response to the amplitude at black starting-up stage alternating voltage in described alternating voltage bus, its Trigger Angle is set in minimum value to control the described rectifier equipment of the second pole by transition.
22. methods according to claim 21, comprise further:
Measurement result based on the instantaneous direct current described DC power transmission circuit of described first pole and described second pole reducing/increases and direct voltage controls the described rectifier equipment of described first pole, more/less active power to be transported to the described DC power transmission circuit of described first pole.
23. methods according to claim 21, comprise further:
Measurement result based on the instantaneous direct voltage described DC power transmission circuit of described first pole and described second pole reducing/increases and direct voltage controls the inverter apparatus of described second pole, to increase the direct voltage on the described DC power transmission circuit of described second pole.
CN201410083102.4A 2014-03-07 2014-03-07 Double-pole HVDC system, controller and method for black starting-up Active CN104901327B (en)

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CN109245567A (en) * 2018-10-17 2019-01-18 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 A kind of closed loop control method inhibiting double 12 pulsation, 24 resonance in midpoint
CN109888766A (en) * 2019-04-10 2019-06-14 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Bus takes electric equipment and its power consumption control methods, devices and systems, electrical equipment
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CN105226698A (en) * 2015-09-25 2016-01-06 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 MMC-HVDC system black starting-up load drops into method and system
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