CN104901269B - All-solid-state direct current breaker and control method thereof - Google Patents
All-solid-state direct current breaker and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an all-solid-state direct current circuit breaker and a control method thereof, wherein the all-solid-state direct current circuit breaker is formed by connecting a long-term through-current branch, a current breaking branch and an energy absorption branch in parallel; the current breaking branch circuit is formed by connecting breaking units consisting of a full-control device, an RCD absorption circuit and a lightning arrester in series, and bidirectional through current is realized by adopting a full-bridge circuit; the energy absorption circuit is formed by at least one arrester. The invention has simple and novel topological structure and low on-state loss, reduces the number of fully-controlled devices, and simplifies the complexity and cost of control. The invention has fast fault current clearing speed, and can limit the rising rate of the fault current by utilizing the respective control of the current breaking units, so that the circuit breaker has the current limiting function at the same time, and effectively processes the short circuit and overload faults in the direct current system. And the safe operation of the direct current system is protected.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to power electronics field, and in particular to a kind of all solid state direct-current breaker topology, and its control
Method.
Background technology
With the development of direct current transmission and distribution technology, Traditional DC transmission of electricity and HVDC Light technology become following power grid
The important directions of development.In multi-terminal direct current transmission system, dc circuit breaker becomes system safety as fail-safe system
One of important equipment existing for operation.Dc circuit breaker is in disengagement failure current course, without current zero-crossing point.Therefore, directly
The development of stream breaker is faced with more difficulties.
The dc circuit breaker that generally use mechanical switch is formed, in order to solve the arcing problems during drop-out current, needs
Increase the oscillating circuit of auxiliary, manufacture the current zero-crossing point in turn off process so that mechanical switch can be in zero current condition
Lower shut-off.But circuit structure is often more complicated and break is difficult to meet system requirements.Mechanical switch and solid-state switch structure
Into mixed DC breaker, its turn-off characteristic is similarly subjected to the restriction of mechanical switch characteristic, the disjunction speed for mechanical switch
Degree proposes excessive requirement.Common all solid state dc circuit breaker, due to needing the directly multiple power devices controlled entirely of positive anti-series
Part, loss and cost are all higher, and the control coherence request for full-controlled device is also higher.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of new all solid state dc circuit breaker and its controlling party
Method, the present invention have the characteristics that drop-out current speed is fast, on-state loss is small, control is simple.Meanwhile full-bridge rectification unit draws
Enter, can effectively reduce the quantity of full-controlled device, reduce the complexity and cost of system control.Interruption unitsization design can
To reduce the technical requirements directly connected for device.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is realized using following technical scheme：
A kind of all solid state dc circuit breaker, by long-term through-flow branch, electric current disjunction branch, energy absorption branch circuit parallel connection structure
Into, it is characterised in that
The long-term through-flow branch route at least one half control devices switch unit and at least one full-controlled device switch is single
Member is in series, and half control devices switch unit serial number is determined by system voltage grade；The half control devices switch unit
It is connected with full-controlled device switch element with full bridge rectifier, long-term through-flow branch realizes electric current using full bridge rectifier
Two-way flow；
The electric current disjunction branch route multiple interruption units and is composed in series, and the interruption units by unidirectionally controlling derailing switch entirely
Part, absorbing circuit, arrester compose in parallel, and the parallel circuit is connected with full bridge rectifier, and electric current disjunction branch is adopted
Electric current two-way flow is realized with bridge rectifier；
The energy absorption branch, comprising at least one arrester unit, absorbs the system capacity in interrupting process.
The unidirectional full control switch of the full-controlled device switch element of the long-term through-flow branch, the electric current disjunction branch
Device, includes all wholly-controled devices such as IGBT, IGCT, IEGT.
The RCD absorbing circuits that the absorbing circuit of the electric current disjunction branch is resistance, capacitance and diode are formed, it is described
Arrester is the low voltage surge arrester to match with unidirectional full control switching device voltage, and the residual voltage of arrester is transported according to the safety of device
Row condition is chosen.
The energy absorption branch route arrester unit is enough into according to the series and parallel number of systematic parameter decision arrester
And connection in series-parallel connection structure.
The control method of all solid state dc circuit breaker, comprises the following steps that：
1) when system is normal, system power flows successively through full-controlled device switch element and half control devices switch unit,
After detecting that system power exceedes current limit value, system opens whole interruption units of electric current disjunction branch first；Then close
The full-controlled device switch element in through-flow unit, system power are transferred to electric current disjunction branch to disconnected system for a long time；At this time, it is long-term logical
The automatic zero passage of half control devices switch cell current in branch is flowed, the half control device in half control devices switch unit recovers to undertake height
Voltage capability, long-term through-flow branch complete commutation course；
2) after long-term through-flow branch completes commutation course, electric current disjunction branch, all or part of shut-off interruption units；
According to the Current limited Control grade of system, in the case where current overload is relatively low, part turns off interruption units, limits system power
The rate of rise, if system is only short-term overload fault, opens long-term through-flow branch again；The sequential opened is：First
Full-controlled device switch element is opened, then triggers and opens half control devices switch unit；
3) in the case where current overload is higher, system power exceedes the limit value set, or single in cutoff cutout
After system power is still increased beyond the limit value of setting after member, control strategy is to close whole interruption units, thorough disjunction system
System electric current, by the residual amount of energy of energy absorption branch absorption system.
Closure step when all solid state direct current circuit breaker system recovers normal operation is：
1) breaker controller sends the open signal of electric current disjunction branch interruption units, opens electric current disjunction branch；
2) breaker controller sends long-term through-flow branch, the triggering open signal of full-controlled device switch element；
3) breaker controller sends long-term through-flow branch, the triggering open signal of half control devices switch unit；
4) breaker controller sends the breaking signal of electric current disjunction branch interruption units.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the invention that：
1) present invention proposes a kind of all solid state direct-current breaker topology scheme, and subsidiary loop undertakes system normal condition
Under, system operating current, subsidiary loop has on-state loss using half control device cell and full-controlled device unit tandem plan
It is small, the characteristics of.
2) all solid state dc circuit breaker scheme proposed by the present invention, avoids using mechanical switch, significantly improves open circuit
The turn-off speed of device.Meanwhile the introducing of bridge circuit, ensure it is two-way it is through-flow under conditions of, reduce the quantity of half control device,
Simplify control complexity.
3) all solid state dc circuit breaker scheme proposed by the present invention, electric current disjunction branch are set using interruption units modularization
Meter, wherein interruption units are made of press fitting full-controlled device, RCD absorbing circuits, arrester unit, its interruption units has very in itself
Good undertakes overvoltage ability, and security of system is high.
4) all solid state dc circuit breaker scheme proposed by the present invention, is pressed full-controlled device, RCD absorbing circuits, arrester list
The interruption units that member is formed can form two-way through-flow unit with full bridge rectifier, simple with control, lower-cost excellent
Point.
5) all solid state dc circuit breaker scheme proposed by the present invention, the interruption units number of series connection can be according to system voltage
Grade determines, in cutting system current course, can partly turn off interruption units, the current-limiting apparatus as system uses.Have
Imitate the failures such as the far end short of processing system, near-end open circuit, system overload.
6) all solid state dc circuit breaker scheme proposed by the present invention, can pass through shut-off after the generation of system power failure
Part interruption units, with the climbing of fault current limiting, can clearly judge the fault type of system, there is provided correct disjunction side
Case.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is all solid state dc circuit breaker topological structure schematic diagram proposed by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram for all solid state dc circuit breaker that invention proposes.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of the long-term through-flow branch of all solid state dc circuit breaker proposed by the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of electric current disjunction branch proposed by the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of interruption units proposed by the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of interruption units two-way flow structure proposed by the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the control system schematic diagram of solid-state direct-current breaker proposed by the present invention.
In figure, 1- thyristors or other half control switching device 2- rectifier diode 3- modularizations control switching device 4- entirely
The full control switching device 5- press packs body diode of press fitting or anti-paralleled diode 6- fast recovery diode 7- low pressure are taken shelter from the thunder
Through-flow branch current detects signal to device 8- absorbing circuit capacitance 9- absorbing circuit resistance 10- absorbing circuit arresters 11- for a long time
12- electric currents cut-off branch current detection signal 13- energy absorptions branch current detection signal 14- interruption units control signals
Through-flow branch controls device to through-flow branch half control device cell control signal 16- interruption units control signals 17- to 15- entirely for a long time for a long time
Part switch element control signal 18- interruption units control signal 19- master control systems controllers lead to dc circuit breaker controller
Interrogate signal
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is described in further detail for the embodiment of patent of the present invention.It is of the invention special
Profit belongs to applied power electronics category, and applied to multi-terminal direct current transmission system, dc circuit breaker series connection accesses transmission system,
Under system short-circuit fault pattern, for the short circuit current flow of cutting system, failure is removed.
See Fig. 1, Fig. 2, all solid state dc circuit breaker by long-term through-flow branch, electric current disjunction branch, energy absorption branch simultaneously
Connection is formed.Its medium-term and long-term through-flow branch undertakes the load current in system normal course of operation, and full-bridge rectification structure ensures system
It is two-way through-flow, half control switching device withstanding voltage is high, and discharge capacity is big, and through-flow loss is low.The cutout list of electric current disjunction branch
Member is formed using full control switching device, during cutout breaking current, cutting system electric current.Energy absorption branch route is lightning-arrest
Device is formed, and after system power disjunction, remaining energy in absorption system, protects long-term through-flow branch and electric current disjunction branch
Device safety.
See Fig. 3, long-term through-flow branch route full-controlled device switch element and half control devices switch unit are in series, in system
When normal, system power flows successively through full-controlled device switch element and half control devices switch unit, is detecting that system power surpasses
After crossing current limit value, system opens whole interruption units of electric current disjunction branch first.It is then powered off system through-flow list for a long time
Full-controlled device switch element in member.System power is transferred to electric current disjunction branch.At this time, the half control device in long-term through-flow branch
The automatic zero passage of part switch element electric current, the half control device in half control devices switch unit recover to undertake high voltage capability.It is long-term logical
Flow branch and complete commutation course.
See Fig. 4, electric current disjunction branch route multiple interruption units and forms, after long-term through-flow branch completes commutation course, electricity
Flow point breaks branch, can all or part of shut-off interruption units.It is relatively low in current overload according to the Current limited Control grade of system
In the case of, interruption units can be partly turned off, limit the rate of rise of system power, if system is only short-term overload
Failure, can open long-term through-flow branch again.The sequential opened is first to open full-controlled device switch element, then is triggered open-minded
Half control devices switch unit.
See Fig. 4, current overload is higher, more than the limit value of setting, or after cutoff interruption units system power according to
After being so increased beyond the limit value of setting, control strategy is to close whole interruption units, thorough cutting system electric current.Inhaled by energy
The residual amount of energy of revenue and expenditure road absorption system.
See Fig. 5, Fig. 6, electric current disjunction branch route multiple interruption units and is composed in series, interruption units by full bridge rectifier,
Unidirectional full control switching device, RCD absorbing circuits, arrester composition.Full bridge rectifier realizes the two-way through-current capability of breaker,
RCD absorbing circuits can effectively absorb the due to voltage spikes produced in turn off process, avoid interruption units overvoltage.Arrester makes
System can control different interruption units respectively, not only can be with cutting system electric current, but also can be in the feelings of system overload
Under condition, metering function is played.In interruption units under chronic energy impact, arrester avoids controlling switching device overvoltage entirely, is going here and there
In the case that each interruption units shut-off action of connection is inconsistent, protection full-controlled device unidirectionally controls the safe operation of switch entirely.Have
Effect avoids device device breakdown of directly connecting caused by voltage un-balance dangerous.
The voltage class decision of the serial number real system of the interruption units of electric current disjunction branch, can be according to actual system
System requires, and increases certain redundancy unit, the reliability of strengthening system stable operation.
Energy absorption branch route metal oxide arrester is formed, wherein according to energy grade during system short-circuit, can be right
Arrester is connected, and is connected in parallel, effective absorption system short circuit energy.
See Fig. 7, direct current cutout system has communication mechanism with higher level's master control system, in addition to the protection mechanism of itself,
Dc circuit breaker is controlled by MTDC transmission system, and breaking current with opening breaker again, by straight-flow system integrated scheduling.
See Fig. 7, the controller of dc circuit breaker, samples long-term through-flow branch, electric current disjunction branch, energy absorption branch
Electric current, and according to the parameter of default, produce disjunction and open signal.Straight-flow system is protected.
Disjunction step of all solid state dc circuit breaker of the proposition of the present embodiment under system short-circuit fault pattern be：
(1) cutout controller sends cutout unit triggers Continuity signal, conducting electric current disjunction branch in electric current disjunction branch
Road；
(2) cutout controller sends long-term through-flow branch full-controlled device switch element breaking signal, completes long-term through-flow
Branch is transformed into electric current disjunction branch；
(3) cutout controller detects and judges that long-term through-flow branch current completes commutation course；
(4) cutout controller sends the breaking signal of electric current disjunction branch, completes electric current breaking course；
(5) energy absorption branch, in absorption system failure, the residual amount of energy of system.
The present embodiment propose all solid state dc circuit breaker recover normal operation when closure step be：
(1) cutout controller sends the open signal of electric current disjunction branch interruption units, opens electric current disjunction branch；
(2) cutout controller sends long-term through-flow branch, the triggering open signal of full-controlled device switch element；
(3) cutout controller sends long-term through-flow branch, the triggering open signal of half control devices switch unit；
(4) cutout controller sends the breaking signal of electric current disjunction branch interruption units.
All solid state dc circuit breaker proposed by the present invention, topological structure is simply novel, and on-state loss is low, reduces full control device
The quantity of part, the complexity and cost of simplify control., can be effective meanwhile interruption units use the modularized design of standard
The technical requirements directly connected for device of reduction.This patent uses all solid state scheme, and fault current removing speed is fast, together
When can utilize interruption units control respectively, the climbing of fault current limiting, makes breaker have current-limiting function at the same time, has
Short circuit, overload fault in the processing straight-flow system of effect.Protect the safe operation of straight-flow system.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that illustrated above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to this hair
The limitation of bright work in any form, although the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiments, but is not limited to the present invention, appoints
What those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the present invention, when the method using the disclosure above and
Technology contents make a little change or are modified to the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, as long as being without departing from technical solution of the present invention
Content, according to the present invention technical spirit to any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made for any of the above embodiments, still belong to
In the range of technical solution of the present invention.
Above to dc circuit breaker provided by the present invention, it is described in detail, specific case pair used herein
The principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, and the explanation of above example is only intended to help to understand method of the invention
And its core concept；Meanwhile for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the thought of the present invention, in embodiment and
There will be changes in application range, in conclusion this specification content should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of all solid state dc circuit breaker, is made of long-term through-flow branch, electric current disjunction branch, energy absorption branch circuit parallel connection；
The long-term through-flow branch route at least one half control devices switch unit and at least one full-controlled device switch element string
Connection is formed, and the half control devices switch unit and full-controlled device switch element are connected with full bridge rectifier, long-term logical
Stream branch realizes the two-way flow of electric current using full bridge rectifier；
The energy absorption branch, comprising at least one arrester unit, absorbs the system capacity in interrupting process；
It is composed in series it is characterized in that, the electric current disjunction branch route multiple interruption units, the interruption units are by unidirectional complete
Control switching device, absorbing circuit, arrester compose in parallel, and the parallel circuit is connected with full bridge rectifier, electric current point
Disconnected branch realizes electric current two-way flow using bridge rectifier；
After long-term through-flow branch completes commutation course, electric current disjunction branch, all or part of shut-off interruption units；According to being
The Current limited Control grade of system, in the case where current overload is relatively low, part turns off interruption units, and the rising for limiting system power is oblique
Rate, if system is only short-term overload fault, opens long-term through-flow branch again；The sequential opened is：First open complete
Devices switch unit is controlled, then triggers and opens half control devices switch unit.
2. all solid state dc circuit breaker according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the full control of the long-term through-flow branch
The unidirectional full control switching device of devices switch unit, the electric current disjunction branch, includes IGBT, IGCT, IEGT full-control type device
Part.
3. all solid state dc circuit breaker according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the absorption of the electric current disjunction branch
The RCD absorbing circuits that circuit is resistance, capacitance and diode are formed, the arrester are and unidirectional full control switching device voltage phase
Matched low voltage surge arrester, the residual voltage of arrester are chosen according to the safe operating conditions of device.
4. solid-state direct-current breaker according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the energy absorption branch route arrester list
Member is enough into according to the series and parallel number and connection in series-parallel connection structure of systematic parameter decision arrester.
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