CN104900914A - High-permeability lithium ion battery electrolyte solution - Google Patents

High-permeability lithium ion battery electrolyte solution Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104900914A
CN104900914A CN201410082768.8A CN201410082768A CN104900914A CN 104900914 A CN104900914 A CN 104900914A CN 201410082768 A CN201410082768 A CN 201410082768A CN 104900914 A CN104900914 A CN 104900914A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
electrolyte
carbonate
lithium
additive
ion battery
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201410082768.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李铁军
鲍丽华
林晓忠
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SHANTOU JINGUANG GAOKE CO Ltd
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SHANTOU JINGUANG GAOKE CO Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to CN201410082768.8A priority Critical patent/CN104900914A/en
Publication of CN104900914A publication Critical patent/CN104900914A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
    • H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
    • H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
    • H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a high-permeability lithium ion battery electrolyte solution; the electrolyte solution contains multiple cyclic carbonates, linear carbonates, one or more functional additives, an electrolyte salt and a high-permeability additive, wherein the high-permeability additive is fluorine ether, and the addition amount is 0.1-3% of the total weight of the electrolyte solution. The prepared electrolyte solution has high permeability, the electrolyte solution can be allowed to be quickly contacted with a positive electrode and a negative electrode and enters the interior of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the compatibility of the electrolyte solution with the positive electrode and the negative electrode is improved, the battery production time is shortened, the battery initial capacity is improved, and cyclic characteristics are good.

Description

A kind of high osmosis lithium-ion battery electrolytes
Technical field
The present invention relates to lithium ion battery and electrolyte thereof
Background technology
Lithium ion battery is the mobile DC power supply of catching up from behind, and because the advantage of himself, energy is high, environment friendly and pollution-free, unique advantage such as have extended cycle life, since putting goods on the market, development trend is very good, is called new forms of energy most with prospects both at home and abroad.The high-tech content of lithium ion battery also gets more and more, gradually from simple function to multi-functional development, particularly pure electric automobile, hybrid vehicle, the demand of the power source such as energy storage and portable power source, is filled with larger power and the requirement of Geng Gao to the development of lithium ion battery.
The development of lithium ion battery, be unable to do without the development of both positive and negative polarity and electrolyte, and the quality of battery performance be unable to do without any one in them.Compatibility between both positive and negative polarity and electrolyte is better, and the performance of battery is better.Patent 201110451132, and patent CN102569885A refer to and adds the wettability that fluorocarbon surfactant improves its electrolyte and both positive and negative polarity in the electrolytic solution, improves the performance of battery, achieves certain effect.
Summary of the invention
In order to improve the compatibility of electrolyte and both positive and negative polarity, the invention provides a kind of high osmosis lithium-ion battery electrolytes, this electrolyte contains multiple cyclic carbonate, linear carbonates, one or more functional additives, electrolytic salt and high osmosis additive.
Cyclic carbonate at least comprises ethylene carbonate, propene carbonate, one or more in the cyclic carbonates such as halogenated ethylene carbonate, described linear carbonates, at least comprise dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, one or more in the linear carbonates such as methyl ethyl carbonate.
Functional additive at least comprises a kind of film for additive vinylene carbonate.
Electrolyte lithium salt at least comprises lithium hexafluoro phosphate, LiBF4, the one in di-oxalate lithium borate.
High osmosis additive is fluorine ether, and molecular formula is C 6f 9h 5o, C 5f 9h 3o, C 4h 3f 7one in O, addition is the 0.1-3% of electrolyte total amount.
No. 1 high osmosis additive molecule formula is C 6f 9h 5o
No. 2 high osmosis additive molecule formulas are C 5f 9h 3o
No. 3 high osmosis additive molecule formulas are C 4h 3f 7o
The electrolyte adopting the present invention to prepare has high permeability, electrolyte and both positive and negative polarity Rapid contact can be made, and enter into both positive and negative polarity inside, improve the compatibility of its electrolyte and both positive and negative polarity, shorten Production Time of battery, improve the initial capacity of battery and the cycle characteristics had.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Electrolyte is prepared in the dry glove box of moisture <10PPM, the proportioning of organic solvent is ethylene carbonate/methyl ethyl carbonate/dimethyl carbonate=1/1/1 (mass ratio), the content of vinylene carbonate is 3% of electrolyte total weight, No. 1 high osmosis additive level is 1% of electrolyte total weight, and electrolyte lithium salt hexafluorophosphoric acid lithium content is 1mol.
Contrast electrolyte is not containing high osmosis additive.Identical condition is adopted to manufacture battery core two kinds of electrolyte, and adopt identical condition to carry out cycle performance test, test result shows, containing high osmosis additive electrolyte initial capacity higher than contrast electrolyte about 2%, 100 times circulation after capability retention improve 2.6%.
Embodiment 2
Electrolyte is prepared in the dry glove box of moisture <10PPM, the proportioning of organic solvent is ethylene carbonate/diethyl carbonate/dimethyl carbonate=1/2/1 (mass ratio), vinylene carbonate ester content is 2% of electrolyte total weight, No. 1 high osmosis additive level is 0.5% of electrolyte total amount, and electrolyte lithium salt hexafluorophosphoric acid lithium content is 1mol.
Contrast electrolyte is not containing high osmosis additive, identical condition is adopted to manufacture battery core two kinds of electrolyte, and adopt identical condition to carry out cycle performance test, test result shows, containing the electrolyte initial capacity of additive higher than contrast electrolyte 3.1%, the capability retention of the battery after 100 times of circulate is higher than contrasting electrolyte 1.8%.
Embodiment 3
Electrolyte is prepared in the dry glove box of moisture <10PPM, the proportioning of organic solvent is ethylene carbonate/diethyl carbonate/dimethyl carbonate=1/1/2 (mass ratio), vinylene carbonate ester content is 2% of electrolyte total weight, No. 2 high osmosis additive levels are 0.5% of electrolyte total amounts, and electrolyte lithium salt hexafluorophosphoric acid lithium content is 1mol.
Contrast electrolyte is not containing high osmosis additive, identical condition is adopted to manufacture battery core two kinds of electrolyte, and adopt identical condition to carry out cycle performance test, test result shows, containing the electrolyte initial capacity of additive higher than contrast electrolyte 2.1%, the capability retention of the battery after 100 times of circulate is higher than contrasting electrolyte 2.3%.
Embodiment 4
Electrolyte is prepared in the dry glove box of moisture <10PPM, the proportioning of organic solvent is ethylene carbonate/methyl ethyl carbonate/dimethyl carbonate=1/1/1 (mass ratio), vinylene carbonate ester content is 2% of electrolyte total weight, No. 3 high osmosis additive levels are 0.5% of electrolyte total amounts, and electrolyte lithium salt hexafluorophosphoric acid lithium content is 1mol.
Contrast electrolyte is not containing high osmosis additive, identical condition is adopted to manufacture battery core two kinds of electrolyte, and adopt identical condition to carry out cycle performance test, test result shows, containing the electrolyte initial capacity of additive higher than contrast electrolyte 2.5%, the capability retention of the battery after 100 times of circulate is higher than contrasting electrolyte 2.4%.
Embodiment 5
Electrolyte is prepared in the dry glove box of moisture <10PPM, the proportioning of organic solvent is ethylene carbonate/diethyl carbonate/dimethyl carbonate=1/1/1 (mass ratio), vinylene carbonate ester content is 2% of electrolyte total weight, No. 3 high osmosis additive levels are 0.5% of electrolyte total amounts, and electrolyte lithium salt hexafluorophosphoric acid lithium content is 1mol.
Contrast electrolyte is not containing high osmosis additive, identical condition is adopted to manufacture battery core two kinds of electrolyte, and adopt identical condition to carry out cycle performance test, test result shows, containing the electrolyte initial capacity of additive higher than contrast electrolyte 3.1%, the capability retention of the battery after 100 times of circulate is higher than contrasting electrolyte 2.8%.
The above each embodiment, can not limit the invention scope of this patent, the high-efficient penetrant that all direct or indirect use the present invention adopt, all within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. a high osmosis lithium-ion battery electrolytes, is characterized in that, electrolyte contains multiple cyclic carbonate, linear carbonates, one or more functional additives, electrolytic salt and high osmosis additive.
2. high osmosis lithium-ion battery electrolytes as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described cyclic carbonate at least comprises ethylene carbonate, propene carbonate, one or more in the cyclic carbonates such as halogenated ethylene carbonate, described linear carbonates, at least comprises dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, one or more in the linear carbonates such as methyl ethyl carbonate.
3. high osmosis lithium-ion battery electrolytes as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described functional additive at least comprises a kind of film for additive vinylene carbonate.
4. high osmosis lithium-ion battery electrolytes as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described electrolyte lithium salt at least comprises lithium hexafluoro phosphate, LiBF4, the one in di-oxalate lithium borate.
5. high osmosis lithium-ion battery electrolytes as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described high osmosis additive is fluorine ether, and molecular formula is C 6f 9h 5o, C 5f 9h 3o, C 4h 3f 7one in O, addition is the 0.1-3% of electrolyte total amount.
CN201410082768.8A 2014-03-06 2014-03-06 High-permeability lithium ion battery electrolyte solution Pending CN104900914A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201410082768.8A CN104900914A (en) 2014-03-06 2014-03-06 High-permeability lithium ion battery electrolyte solution

Publications (1)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102306833A (en) * 2011-08-17 2012-01-04 深圳新宙邦科技股份有限公司 Flame retardant type non-aqueous electrolyte solution and battery thereof
CN103337659A (en) * 2013-06-27 2013-10-02 湖南有色郴州氟化学有限公司 Additive composition and electrolyte
CN103618111A (en) * 2013-12-13 2014-03-05 东莞市凯欣电池材料有限公司 Ion liquid electrolytic solution and secondary lithium battery containing electrolytic solution

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102306833A (en) * 2011-08-17 2012-01-04 深圳新宙邦科技股份有限公司 Flame retardant type non-aqueous electrolyte solution and battery thereof
CN103337659A (en) * 2013-06-27 2013-10-02 湖南有色郴州氟化学有限公司 Additive composition and electrolyte
CN103618111A (en) * 2013-12-13 2014-03-05 东莞市凯欣电池材料有限公司 Ion liquid electrolytic solution and secondary lithium battery containing electrolytic solution

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Address before: 515064 Guangdong province Shantou Jinping District Chaoshan road Yuepu Xing Industrial Park Shantou Jinguang high tech Company Limited

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Application publication date: 20150909