CN104899691A - Method for determining schedulable capacity of large-scale electric car - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for determining a schedulable capacity of a large-scale electric car. The method comprises: (1), defining a matrix representing controllability of an electric car and carrying out initialization, and setting duration time of the schedulable capacity of the electric car; (2), on the basis of a real-time state, obtaining current information of each electric car; (3), according to the time and the current information of the electric car, determining controllability of the electric car; (4), carrying out assignment on the matrix of the defined matrix representing the controllability of the electric car based on the actual situation; and (5), calculating a schedulable capacity of the electric car based on the defined matrix representing the controllability of the electric car based on the actual situation and the controllability of the electric car and then carrying out outputting. According to the technical scheme, friendly interaction of the electric car and the power grid can be realized well.

Description

A kind of method determining scale electric automobile schedulable capacity

Technical field:

The present invention relates to electric automobile field, more specifically relate to a kind of method determining scale electric automobile schedulable capacity.

Background technology:

At present, along with the deterioration increasingly of energy crisis and environmental problem, increasing people start to pay close attention to and explore the mode of sustainable development that how could realize coexisting with harmonious environment.Have investigation to find, at present, transportation occupies the consumption of petroleum of about whole world half, and brings the greenhouse gas emissions in the almost whole world 15%, creates tremendous influence to the change of the amblent air temperature of All Around The World.Electric automobile replaces oil as its major impetus energy using electric power; there is the features such as carbon emission is low, environmental friendliness; at alleviating energy crisis, make full use of regenerative resource; reduce greenhouse gas emission, promote that the aspects such as people and environment harmonious development have the incomparable advantage of traditional combustion engine automobile.Under the promotion of enterprise, it also becomes the strategic industry direction that each Main Auto manufacturing power government of the world determines gradually.

But electric automobile is as a kind of vehicles, first the trip requirements of user should be able to be met, need the controllability studying electric automobile, i.e. auxiliary electrical network after meeting consumers' demand, the capacity that controllable electric automobile is corresponding is the controlled capacity of auxiliary electrical network.In order to the close friend realizing electric automobile and electrical network is interactive, need to calculate the schedulable amount of capacity that scale electric automobile can provide for electrical network.

Summary of the invention:

The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method determining scale electric automobile schedulable capacity, the close friend better achieving electric automobile and electrical network is interactive.

For achieving the above object, the present invention by the following technical solutions: a kind of method determining scale electric automobile schedulable capacity, comprises the steps:

(1) definition characterizes the matrix of electric automobile controllability and carries out initialization and set electric automobile schedulable capacity continuing duration;

(2) current information of each electric automobile is obtained based on real-time status;

(3) judge according to the controllability of current information to electric automobile of described duration and electric automobile;

(4) according to actual conditions, assignment is carried out to the matrix that described definition characterizes electric automobile controllability;

(5) calculate electric automobile schedulable capacity according to the controllability of actual conditions to matrix and described electric automobile that described definition characterizes electric automobile controllability and export.

In described step (1), the matrix of described controllability comprises definition matrix Yd, and definition matrix Yu; Shown definition matrix Yd, represents load resectability;

Yd＝[yd ₁yd ₂... yd _N-1yd _N] (1)

In formula, yd _i=1, represent that i-th electric automobile can stop charging according to grid side demand, namely can be used for doing downward load; Yd _i=0, represent that i-th electric automobile is uncontrollable or be not useable for doing downward load; Null value is composed to carry out initialization to Yd matrix;

Described definition matrix Yu, characterizes increasing property of load;

Yu＝[yu ₁yu ₂... yu _N-1yu _N] (2)

In formula, yu _i=1, represent that i-th electric automobile can charge according to grid side demand, namely can be used for doing rise load; Yu _i=0, represent that i-th electric automobile is uncontrollable or be not useable for doing rise load; Null value is composed to carry out initialization to Yu matrix.

In described step (1), described electric automobile schedulable capacity continues duration according to different application settings.

In described step (2), the current information of described electric automobile comprises electric automobile estimated time of departure, Expected energy, current time electricity, charge power and batteries of electric automobile capacity when leaving.

The judgement of the electric automobile controllability in described step (3) comprises grid-connected criterion and user's charge requirement criterion judges.

Described grid-connected criterion is as shown in the formula (3):

t ₀≤t≤t _d-Δt (3)

In formula: t ₀for the electric automobile grid-connected moment, t _dfor electric automobile is from the net moment, Δ t is the duration that electric automobile schedulable capacity continues; If this criterion is false, represents that electric automobile did not access electrical network or leave electrical network within the Δ t time in future, be uncontrollable; Set up as this criterion and then represent that electric automobile all continues to be connected to the grid in current time t to t+ Δ t, meet grid-connected criterion, its controllability is judged by charging requirement criterion further.

Described charging requirement criterion is as follows:

${\mathrm{SOC}}_{\mathrm{need}}^i-{\mathrm{SOC}}_t^i<\frac{(t_d-(t+\mathrm{\&Delta;t}))\&times;P_{\mathrm{Ci}}\&times;\mathrm{\&eta;}}{C_i}\&times;100---\left(4\right)$

${\mathrm{SOC}}_t^i\&le;100---\left(5\right)$

In formula: for the Expected energy of user, for the current electric quantity of batteries of electric automobile, t _dfor electric automobile is from the net moment, Δ t is the duration that electric automobile schedulable capacity continues, P _cifor the charge power of electric automobile, η is charge efficiency, C _irepresent battery capacity;

Formula (4) represents when electric automobile does not all charge in current time t to moment t+ Δ t, and until automobile departure time t from moment t+ Δ t _dcharge continuously, if meet the demand of user when leaving, then think that electric automobile allows in current time t to t+ Δ t cut, namely this electric automobile is controlled; If the demand of user can not be met when leaving, then illustrate that within this time period, electric automobile must charge from sometime, be uncontrollable.

In described step (4), according to actual conditions, assignment is again carried out to the matrix characterizing electric automobile controllability, judge the charged state of controllable electric automobile at current time, if be charged state, represent that this electric automobile stops charging according to electrical network needs, namely as load can be lowered, yd is made _i=1; But do not charge if grid-connected, then this electric automobile needs according to electrical network and charges, and namely as raising load, makes yu _i=1; And do not meet other amounts yd of above-mentioned condition _i=0, yu _i=0.

In described step (5), calculated the schedulable amount of capacity of scale electric automobile by following formula:

Calculation of capacity formula can be raised

${\mathrm{Pup}}_t=\underset{i=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{yu}}_i\&times;P_{\mathrm{Ci}}---\left(6\right)$

Calculation of capacity formula can be lowered

${\mathrm{Pdown}}_t=\underset{i=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{yd}}_i\&times;P_{\mathrm{Ci}}---\left(7\right)$

Wherein, yu _iand yd _ifor characterizing the matrix of electric automobile controllability, P _cifor the charge power of electric automobile.

With immediate prior art ratio, the invention provides technical scheme and there is following excellent effect

1, can technical scheme of the present invention to meet consumers' demand as criterion, proposes a kind of scheme judging electric automobile controllability;

2, technical scheme of the present invention calculates the amount of capacity that electric automobile can provide for electrical network when meeting user's primary demand;

3, technical scheme of the present invention can calculate the different schedulable capacity continuing duration, to be applied to different occasions;

4, technical scheme of the present invention has important practical significance for the optimal coordinated control realizing scale electric automobile and electrical network in the future;

5, technical scheme of the present invention can not only provide the assistant service such as peak-frequency regulation, spinning reserve for electrical network, improves unit utilization factor, ensures the safety and reliability of operation of power networks;

6, technical scheme of the present invention realizes the cooperation control of electric automobile and regenerative resource, improves electrical network and to dissolve the ability of regenerative resource, improve the economy of operation of power networks.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram that technical solution of the present invention provides;

Fig. 2 is the grid-connected criterion schematic diagram of electric automobile controllability provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the scale electric automobile schedulable capacity curve figure provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be described in further detail.

Embodiment 1:

The invention of this example provides a kind of method determining scale electric automobile schedulable capacity, is the traffic control participating in electrical network for electric automobile as a kind of controllability load, proposes a kind of computing method of scale electric automobile schedulable capacity.The method is based on electric automobile real time charging status data, specifically comprise the information such as current time electricity, estimated time of departure, Expected energy, charge power, battery capacity, can to meet consumers' demand as criterion judges the controllability of electric automobile, controlled being can control the charged state of electric automobile according to the demand of grid side.The charged state current according to controllable electric automobile, is divided into upper capacitance-adjustable and lower capacitance-adjustable by schedulable capacity.The method can calculate the different schedulable capacity continuing duration simultaneously, to be applied to different occasions.The method has important practical significance for the optimal coordinated control realizing scale electric automobile and electrical network in the future.

As shown in Figure 1, described method comprises following step:

The first step: definition characterizes the matrix of electric automobile controllability and carries out initialization.Definition matrix Yd (yd _i=1/0), load resectability is represented; And define matrix Yu (yu _i=1/0), characterize increasing property of load, respectively initialization is carried out to two matrixes, make Yd=0, Yu=0.According to different application demands, setting electric automobile schedulable capacity continues duration Δ t, gets Δ t=0 respectively, Δ t=0.5, Δ t=1, the schedulable amount of capacity that more different lasting duration is corresponding.

Second step: the current information obtaining each electric automobile based on real-time status.The current information of electric automobile comprises electric automobile estimated time of departure, Expected energy, current time electricity, charge power, batteries of electric automobile capacity etc. when leaving, and the acquisition of above-mentioned information needs by intelligent instrument, communication apparatus etc. as supporting.In order to analogue simulation, instruct according to pertinent literature, the method that the above-mentioned data of electric automobile are sampled by data fitting obtains.Be specially grid-connected time t ₀obey the normal distribution of N (19,1.2), time departure t _dobey the normal distribution of N (7.5,0.5), initial electricity obeys the normal distribution of N (40,15), and Expected energy is unified to be set as charge power P _cobey being uniformly distributed of U (3,4), unit is kW, and battery capacity is unified is set as C=60kWh, and charging electric vehicle efficiency is unified is set as η=90%, and electric automobile scale is set as N=1000.To stabilize the fluctuation of power distribution network total load for target, obtain the charging schedules of each electric automobile, and then the electricity in each electric automobile each moment can be calculated

3rd step: the information data current according to electric automobile, judges its controllability, the criterion of electric automobile controllability mainly comprises grid-connected criterion and user's charge requirement criterion.

1) grid-connected criterion:

t ₀≤t≤t _d-Δt (1)

If this criterion is false, represents that electric automobile did not access electrical network or leave electrical network within the Δ t time in future, be uncontrollable.Set up as this criterion and then represent that electric automobile all continues to be connected to the grid in current time t to t+ Δ t, meet grid-connected criterion, its controllability is judged by charging requirement criterion further.

2) charging requirement criterion:

${\mathrm{SOC}}_{\mathrm{need}}^i-{\mathrm{SOC}}_t^i<\frac{(t_d-(t+\mathrm{\&Delta;t}))\&times;P_{\mathrm{Ci}}\&times;\mathrm{\&eta;}}{C_i}\&times;100---\left(2\right)$

${\mathrm{SOC}}_t^i\&le;100---\left(3\right)$

Formula (2) represents when electric automobile does not all charge in current time t to moment t+ Δ t, and until automobile departure time t from moment t+ Δ t _dcharge continuously, if can meet the demand of user when leaving, then think that electric automobile allows in current time t to t+ Δ t cut, namely this electric automobile is controlled.On the contrary, if the demand of user can not be met when leaving, then illustrate that within this time period, electric automobile must charge from sometime, be uncontrollable.

4th step: assignment is again carried out to the matrix characterizing electric automobile controllability according to actual conditions.Judge the charged state of controllable electric automobile at current time, if be charged state, represent that this electric automobile can stop charging according to electrical network needs, namely as load can be lowered, make yd _i=1; But do not charge if grid-connected, then this electric automobile can need according to electrical network and charge, and namely as raising load, makes yu _i=1.And do not meet other amounts yd of above-mentioned condition _i=0, yu _i=0.

5th step: according to the controllability of electric automobile, calculate the schedulable amount of capacity of scale electric automobile and Output rusults, this example calculates the schedulable amount of capacity in each integral point moment.

Fig. 2 is the grid-connected criterion schematic diagram of electric automobile controllability, and the design parameter of certain of simulating in embodiment of the present invention electric automobile and this electric automobile status data of a day are respectively as table 1 and table 2:

Table 1

Battery capacity (kWh)	60
		Charge power (kW)	4
The grid-connected time	20
		From the net time	7
Initial SOC (100%)	42
		User's request SOC (100%)	>80
Can be calculated the duration of charging (h) of minimum needs	6
		SOC (100%) when leaving	82

Table 2

Fig. 3 is schedulable capacity curve figure in scale electric automobile one day, and the load capacity size that in the embodiment of the present invention, each integral point moment electric automobile can raise is in table 3, and the load capacity that can lower is in table 4:

Table 3

Table 4

As can be seen from table 3 and table 4, because the controllability of different moment electric automobiles will change, therefore the schedulable capacity of scale electric automobile also can constantly change in time.And at the grid-connected initial stage, along with the continuous increase of the grid-connected quantity of electric automobile, its schedulable capacity also constantly increases.But in grid-connected latter stage, in order to meet the electrical demand of user, the controllability of electric automobile is deteriorated, and therefore schedulable capacity also reduces thereupon.

It can also be seen that, at synchronization, the schedulable capacity of different lasting duration is not identical yet, and reason is that the required duration is longer, and the controllability of electric automobile is poorer, and therefore schedulable capacity can reduce along with the increase of duration.

Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit; although those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that with reference to above-described embodiment: still can modify to the specific embodiment of the present invention or equivalent replacement; these do not depart from any amendment of spirit and scope of the invention or equivalent replacement, are all applying within the claims of the present invention awaited the reply.

Claims (9)

1. determine a method for scale electric automobile schedulable capacity, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:

(1) definition characterizes the matrix of electric automobile controllability and carries out initialization and set electric automobile schedulable capacity continuing duration;

(2) current information of each electric automobile is obtained based on real-time status;

(3) judge according to the controllability of current information to electric automobile of described duration and electric automobile;

(4) according to actual conditions, assignment is carried out to the matrix that described definition characterizes electric automobile controllability;

(5) calculate electric automobile schedulable capacity according to the controllability of actual conditions to matrix and described electric automobile that described definition characterizes electric automobile controllability and export.

2. a kind of method determining scale electric automobile schedulable capacity as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (1), and the matrix of described controllability comprises definition matrix Yd, and definition matrix Yu; Shown definition matrix Yd, represents load resectability;

Yd＝[yd ₁yd ₂... yd _N-1yd _N] (1)

In formula, yd _i=1, represent that i-th electric automobile can stop charging according to grid side demand, namely can be used for doing downward load; Yd _i=0, represent that i-th electric automobile is uncontrollable or be not useable for doing downward load; Null value is composed to carry out initialization to Yd matrix;

Described definition matrix Yu, characterizes increasing property of load;

Yu＝[yu ₁yu ₂... yu _N-1yu _N] (2)

In formula, yu _i=1, represent that i-th electric automobile can charge according to grid side demand, namely can be used for doing rise load; Yu _i=0, represent that i-th electric automobile is uncontrollable or be not useable for doing rise load; Null value is composed to carry out initialization to Yu matrix.

3. a kind of method determining scale electric automobile schedulable capacity as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: in described step (1), described electric automobile schedulable capacity continues duration according to different application settings.

4. a kind of method determining scale electric automobile schedulable capacity as claimed in claim 1; it is characterized in that: in described step (2), the current information of described electric automobile comprise electric automobile estimated time of departure, Expected energy, current time electricity, charge power and batteries of electric automobile capacity when leaving.

5. a kind of method determining scale electric automobile schedulable capacity as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the judgement of the electric automobile controllability in described step (3) comprises grid-connected criterion and user's charge requirement criterion judges.

6. a kind of method determining scale electric automobile schedulable capacity as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: described grid-connected criterion is as shown in the formula (3):

t ₀≤t≤t _d-Δt (3)

In formula: t ₀for the electric automobile grid-connected moment, t _dfor electric automobile is from the net moment, Δ t is the duration that electric automobile schedulable capacity continues; If this criterion is false, represents that electric automobile did not access electrical network or leave electrical network within the Δ t time in future, be uncontrollable; Set up as this criterion and then represent that electric automobile all continues to be connected to the grid in current time t to t+ Δ t, meet grid-connected criterion, its controllability is judged by charging requirement criterion further.

7. a kind of method determining scale electric automobile schedulable capacity as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: described charging requirement criterion is as follows:

${\mathrm{SOC}}_{\mathrm{need}}^i-{\mathrm{SOC}}_t^i<\frac{(t_d-(t+\mathrm{\&Delta;t}))\&times;P_{\mathrm{Ci}}\&times;\mathrm{\&eta;}}{C_i}\&times;100---\left(4\right)$

${\mathrm{SOC}}_t^i\&le;100---\left(5\right)$

In formula: for the Expected energy of user, for the current electric quantity of batteries of electric automobile, t _dfor electric automobile is from the net moment, Δ t is the duration that electric automobile schedulable capacity continues, P _cifor the charge power of electric automobile, η is charge efficiency, C _irepresent battery capacity;

Formula (4) represents when electric automobile does not all charge in current time t to moment t+ Δ t, and until automobile departure time t from moment t+ Δ t _dcharge continuously, if meet the demand of user when leaving, then think that electric automobile allows in current time t to t+ Δ t cut, namely this electric automobile is controlled; If the demand of user can not be met when leaving, then illustrate that within this time period, electric automobile must charge from sometime, be uncontrollable.

8. a kind of method determining scale electric automobile schedulable capacity as claimed in claim 1; it is characterized in that: in described step (4); according to actual conditions, assignment is again carried out to the matrix characterizing electric automobile controllability; judge the charged state of controllable electric automobile at current time; if be charged state, represent that this electric automobile stops charging according to electrical network needs; namely as load can be lowered, yd is made _i=1; But do not charge if grid-connected, then this electric automobile needs according to electrical network and charges, and namely as raising load, makes yu _i=1; And do not meet other amounts yd of above-mentioned condition _i=0, yu _i=0.

9. a kind of method determining scale electric automobile schedulable capacity as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (5), is calculated the schedulable amount of capacity of scale electric automobile by following formula:

Calculation of capacity formula can be raised

${\mathrm{Pup}}_t=\underset{i=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{yu}}_i\&times;P_{\mathrm{Ci}}---\left(6\right)$

Calculation of capacity formula can be lowered

${\mathrm{Pdown}}_t=\underset{i=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\mathrm{yd}}_i\&times;P_{\mathrm{Ci}}---\left(7\right)$

Wherein, yu _iand yd _ifor characterizing the matrix of electric automobile controllability, P _cifor the charge power of electric automobile.