CN104897495A - Scratch hardness test method - Google Patents
Scratch hardness test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104897495A CN104897495A CN201510336461.0A CN201510336461A CN104897495A CN 104897495 A CN104897495 A CN 104897495A CN 201510336461 A CN201510336461 A CN 201510336461A CN 104897495 A CN104897495 A CN 104897495A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a scratch hardness test method. The test method comprises specific steps as follows: (1), a to-be-tested sample is cleaned and dried; (2), the to-be-tested sample is fixed on a base of a tester, a contact probe provided with a pressure head is fixed on a fixture of the tester, the direction of the contact probe is adjusted, and accordingly, the pressure head is perpendicular to the surface of the to-be-tested sample; (3), pressure P and a scratch speed of the pressure head on the surface of the to-be-tested sample are set through the tester; (4), a power supply is switched on, and a scratch test is performed; (5), after the scratch test ends, widths of 3-5 scratches on the surface of the to-be-tested sample are measured, and the average value W of the widths of the scratches is taken; (6), a scratch hardness value is calculated according to the average value W of the scratch widths and the pressure P. Compared with the prior art, the test method is simple and convenient to operate; the spherical pressure head is adopted for the test, difficulty for scratch measurement and errors of calculation of scratch hardness values can be reduced, the test accuracy is high, and the scratch hardness test method is economical and practical and has good universality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to measuring for materials field, relate to a kind of scratch test method.
Background technology
Scratch hardness test is exactly mark one vestige on the surface of material, is carried out the hardness of Calculating material by the width measuring cut.Scratch hardness is mainly used on luxury goods material and coating material.MMW-1A type multifunctional vertical friction wear testing machine can measure the frictional behaviour of the materials such as lubricant, metal, coating, plastics, pottery under a certain pressure, and has continuous speed regulation system.
In scratch hardness test, an of paramount importance step is exactly select suitable pressure head.At present, the pressure head kind for scratch hardness test is many, and the most frequently used be conical indenter, but conical indenter is when reality uses, often test specimen adjacent material is damaged, cause measuring error comparatively large, thus the accuracy that scratch hardness is measured is good not.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention be exactly provide to overcome defect that above-mentioned prior art exists a kind of simple to operate, measuring accuracy is high, can effectively reduce the scratch test method of material scratch hardness number measuring error.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of scratch test method, this test method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) sample to be tested is cleaned up, and carry out drying and processing;
(2) sample to be tested is fixed on the pedestal of testing machine, and the contact pilotage being provided with pressure head is fixed on the fixture of testing machine, adjustment contact pilotage direction, make pressure head perpendicular to sample to be tested surface;
(3) by the testing machine pressure P of setting pressure head on sample to be tested surface and cut speed;
(4) opening power, carries out scratch test;
(5) after scratch test terminates, measure the 3-5 place scratch width on sample to be tested surface, get scratch width mean value W;
(6) calculate scratch hardness number according to scratch width product mean value W and pressure P, formula is as follows:
Wherein, Hm is scratch hardness number, and P is the vertical forces applied, and unit is N, W is scratch width, and unit is m.
Cleaning described in step (1) is Ultrasonic Cleaning, and the condition of this Ultrasonic Cleaning is: ultrasonic frequency is 40-60KHz, and temperature is 25-30 DEG C, and the processing time is 5-20min.
The condition of the drying and processing described in step (1) is: the sample to be tested after cleaning is placed in electric drying oven with forced convection, and adjustment temperature is 50-60 DEG C, dries the moisture on sample to be tested surface.
Described testing machine is MMW-1A multifunction friction wear testing machine.
Described pressure head is spherical indenter.
Described cut is full circle cut or one section of circular arc cut.
Pressure P described in step (3) is set as 2-1000N, and described cut Speed Setting is 0.2-0.5mm/s.
In actual tests process, if sample to be tested is smaller, sample to be tested is clamped on the base of MMW-1A multifunction friction wear testing machine, can be diminished to rotation center by change fixture and pressure head, so just can mark cut on the sample material that radius is smaller.Meanwhile, cut speed can be controlled, by velocity-stabilization at a desired value by the computing machine of MMW-1A multifunction friction wear testing machine.Cut track can be a circle, also can be one section of circular arc, and generally, cut track is a circle, can measure the width of whole sample surrounding cut like this, try to achieve scratch width mean value.
Computing formula according to scratch hardness in the scratch test method standard that ASTM proposes:
Wherein: HS
pfor the scratch hardness number in ASTM formula, unit is: P
a.
Like this, there is certain funtcional relationship in the scratch hardness number in the scratch hardness number that records of test method of the present invention and ASTM in formula:
The present invention completes based on MMW-1A type multifunction friction wear testing machine, has expanded the purposes of testing machine, does not need to buy scratch test machine and completes scratch test.And MMW-1A type multifunction friction wear testing machine can complete the scratch test of multiple material, is widely used.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following characteristics:
1) adopt spherical indenter to test, spherical indenter is little to the material damage around pressure head in process of the test, reduces the difficulty measuring cut, also reduces the error calculating scratch hardness number simultaneously;
2) cut track is set to circle or one section of circular arc, so just can when measuring many measurements several groups of data, then try to achieve the mean value of scratch width, will try to achieve mean value and bring formulae discovery into and go out scratch hardness number, reduction test error;
3) experimental technique is simple, easy to operate, without the need to increasing cost processing and fabricating pressure head, economical and practical, and test error is little, has good popularization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is scratch test schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is scratch test pressure head of the present invention and contact pilotage local mounting structure schematic diagram;
Description of symbols in figure:
1-sample to be tested, 2-pressure head, 3-contact pilotage.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of scratch test method, this test method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) sample to be tested 1 is cleaned up, and carry out drying and processing;
(2) sample to be tested 1 is fixed on the pedestal of testing machine, and the contact pilotage 3 being provided with pressure head 2 is fixed on the fixture of testing machine, adjustment contact pilotage direction, make pressure head 2 perpendicular to sample to be tested 1 surface;
(3) by the testing machine pressure P of setting pressure head 2 on sample to be tested 1 surface and cut speed;
(4) opening power, carries out scratch test;
(5) after scratch test terminates, measure the 3-5 place scratch width on sample to be tested 1 surface, get scratch width mean value W;
(6) calculate scratch hardness number according to scratch width product mean value W and pressure P, formula is as follows:
Wherein, Hm is scratch hardness number;
P is the vertical forces applied, and unit is N;
W is scratch width, and unit is m.
In step (1), clean as Ultrasonic Cleaning, control ultrasonic frequency is 40KHz, and temperature is 25 DEG C, and the processing time is 10min; The condition of drying and processing is: the sample to be tested 1 after cleaning is placed in electric drying oven with forced convection, regulates temperature to be 60 DEG C, dries the moisture on sample to be tested 1 surface.
In step (3), pressure P is set as 1000N, and cut Speed Setting is 0.5mm/s.
As shown in Figure 2, pressure head 2 is spherical indenter.Actual be in operating process, testing machine is MMW-1A multifunction friction wear testing machine, and cut is full circle cut.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment scratch test method, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) sample to be tested 1 is cleaned up, and carry out drying and processing;
(2) sample to be tested 1 is fixed on the pedestal of testing machine, and the contact pilotage 3 being provided with pressure head 2 is fixed on the fixture of testing machine, adjustment contact pilotage direction, make pressure head 2 perpendicular to sample to be tested 1 surface;
(3) by the testing machine pressure P of setting pressure head 2 on sample to be tested 1 surface and cut speed;
(4) opening power, carries out scratch test;
(5) after scratch test terminates, measure the 3-5 place scratch width on sample to be tested 1 surface, get scratch width mean value W;
(6) calculate scratch hardness number according to scratch width product mean value W and pressure P, formula is as follows:
Wherein, Hm is scratch hardness number;
P is the vertical forces applied, and unit is N;
W is scratch width, and unit is m.
In step (1), clean as Ultrasonic Cleaning, control ultrasonic frequency is 60KHz, and temperature is 25 DEG C, and the processing time is 5min; The condition of drying and processing is: the sample to be tested 1 after cleaning is placed in electric drying oven with forced convection, regulates temperature to be 60 DEG C, dries the moisture on sample to be tested 1 surface.
In step (3), pressure P is set as 800N, and cut Speed Setting is 0.4mm/s.
Pressure head 2 is spherical indenter.Actual be in operating process, testing machine is MMW-1A multifunction friction wear testing machine, and cut is full circle cut.
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment scratch test method, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) sample to be tested 1 is cleaned up, and carry out drying and processing;
(2) sample to be tested 1 is fixed on the pedestal of testing machine, and the contact pilotage 3 being provided with pressure head 2 is fixed on the fixture of testing machine, adjustment contact pilotage direction, make pressure head 2 perpendicular to sample to be tested 1 surface;
(3) by the testing machine pressure P of setting pressure head 2 on sample to be tested 1 surface and cut speed;
(4) opening power, carries out scratch test;
(5) after scratch test terminates, measure the 3-5 place scratch width on sample to be tested 1 surface, get scratch width mean value W;
(6) calculate scratch hardness number according to scratch width product mean value W and pressure P, formula is as follows:
Wherein, Hm is scratch hardness number;
P is the vertical forces applied, and unit is N;
W is scratch width, and unit is m.
In step (1), clean as Ultrasonic Cleaning, control ultrasonic frequency is 50KHz, and temperature is 30 DEG C, and the processing time is 20min; The condition of drying and processing is: the sample to be tested 1 after cleaning is placed in electric drying oven with forced convection, regulates temperature to be 50 DEG C, dries the moisture on sample to be tested 1 surface.
In step (3), pressure P is set as 600N, and cut Speed Setting is 0.4mm/s.
Pressure head 2 is spherical indenter.Actual be in operating process, testing machine is MMW-1A multifunction friction wear testing machine, and cut is full circle cut.
Embodiment 4:
The present embodiment scratch test method, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) sample to be tested 1 is cleaned up, and carry out drying and processing;
(2) sample to be tested 1 is fixed on the pedestal of testing machine, and the contact pilotage 3 being provided with pressure head 2 is fixed on the fixture of testing machine, adjustment contact pilotage direction, make pressure head 2 perpendicular to sample to be tested 1 surface;
(3) by the testing machine pressure P of setting pressure head 2 on sample to be tested 1 surface and cut speed;
(4) opening power, carries out scratch test;
(5) after scratch test terminates, measure the 3-5 place scratch width on sample to be tested 1 surface, get scratch width mean value W;
(6) calculate scratch hardness number according to scratch width product mean value W and pressure P, formula is as follows:
Wherein, Hm is scratch hardness number;
P is the vertical forces applied, and unit is N;
W is scratch width, and unit is m.
In step (1), clean as Ultrasonic Cleaning, control ultrasonic frequency is 48KHz, and temperature is 28 DEG C, and the processing time is 15min; The condition of drying and processing is: the sample to be tested 1 after cleaning is placed in electric drying oven with forced convection, regulates temperature to be 55 DEG C, dries the moisture on sample to be tested 1 surface.
In step (3), pressure P is set as 200N, and cut Speed Setting is 0.3mm/s.
Pressure head 2 is spherical indenter.Actual be in operating process, testing machine is MMW-1A multifunction friction wear testing machine, and cut is one section of circular arc cut.
Embodiment 5:
The present embodiment scratch test method, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) sample to be tested 1 is cleaned up, and carry out drying and processing;
(2) sample to be tested 1 is fixed on the pedestal of testing machine, and the contact pilotage 3 being provided with pressure head 2 is fixed on the fixture of testing machine, adjustment contact pilotage direction, make pressure head 2 perpendicular to sample to be tested 1 surface;
(3) by the testing machine pressure P of setting pressure head 2 on sample to be tested 1 surface and cut speed;
(4) opening power, carries out scratch test;
(5) after scratch test terminates, measure the 3-5 place scratch width on sample to be tested 1 surface, get scratch width mean value W;
(6) calculate scratch hardness number according to scratch width product mean value W and pressure P, formula is as follows:
Wherein, Hm is scratch hardness number;
P is the vertical forces applied, and unit is N;
W is scratch width, and unit is m.
In step (1), clean as Ultrasonic Cleaning, control ultrasonic frequency is 42KHz, and temperature is 25 DEG C, and the processing time is 8min; The condition of drying and processing is: the sample to be tested 1 after cleaning is placed in electric drying oven with forced convection, regulates temperature to be 58 DEG C, dries the moisture on sample to be tested 1 surface.
In step (3), pressure P is set as 2N, and cut Speed Setting is 0.2mm/s.
Pressure head 2 is spherical indenter.Actual be in operating process, testing machine is MMW-1A multifunction friction wear testing machine, and cut is full circle cut.
Claims (7)
1. a scratch test method, is characterized in that, this test method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) sample to be tested is cleaned up, and carry out drying and processing;
(2) sample to be tested is fixed on the pedestal of testing machine, and the contact pilotage being provided with pressure head is fixed on the fixture of testing machine, adjustment contact pilotage direction, make pressure head perpendicular to sample to be tested surface;
(3) by the testing machine pressure P of setting pressure head on sample to be tested surface and cut speed;
(4) opening power, carries out scratch test;
(5) after scratch test terminates, measure the 3-5 place scratch width on sample to be tested surface, get scratch width mean value W;
(6) calculate scratch hardness number according to scratch width product mean value W and pressure P, formula is as follows:
Wherein, Hm is scratch hardness number, and P is the vertical forces applied, and W is scratch width.
2. a kind of scratch test method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the cleaning described in step (1) is Ultrasonic Cleaning, and the condition of this Ultrasonic Cleaning is: ultrasonic frequency is 40-60KHz, temperature is 25-30 DEG C, and the processing time is 5-20min.
3. a kind of scratch test method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the condition of the drying and processing described in step (1) is: the sample to be tested after cleaning is placed in electric drying oven with forced convection, and adjustment temperature is 50-60 DEG C, dries the moisture on sample to be tested surface.
4. a kind of scratch test method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described testing machine is MMW-1A multifunction friction wear testing machine.
5. a kind of scratch test method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described pressure head is spherical indenter.
6. a kind of scratch test method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cut is full circle cut or one section of circular arc cut.
7. a kind of scratch test method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the pressure P described in step (3) is set as 2-1000N, and described cut Speed Setting is 0.2-0.5mm/s.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510336461.0A CN104897495A (en) | 2015-06-17 | 2015-06-17 | Scratch hardness test method |
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| CN201510336461.0A CN104897495A (en) | 2015-06-17 | 2015-06-17 | Scratch hardness test method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110646313A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-01-03 | 郑州大学 | Self-propelled portable scratch instrument for online detection of in-service materials |
| CN112485143A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-12 | 李云明 | Portable building engineering quality detector |
| CN113109195A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-13 | 清远南玻节能新材料有限公司 | Method for testing scratch resistance of plate |
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| JPS6450932A (en) * | 1987-08-21 | 1989-02-27 | Nec Corp | Minute-scratch hardness measuring machine |
| CN200979523Y (en) * | 2006-12-06 | 2007-11-21 | 莱州华银试验仪器有限公司 | A lifting frame of a sclerometer |
| CN103897164A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-02 | 第一毛织株式会社 | Polycarbonate resin for film, method for preparing the same and film including the same |
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2015
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Patent Citations (5)
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| US3937069A (en) * | 1975-03-28 | 1976-02-10 | The Dow Chemical Company | Hardness tester |
| SU1206649A1 (en) * | 1984-04-20 | 1986-01-23 | Институт Прикладной Физики Ан Мсср | Arrangement for determining physico-mechanical characteristics of materials |
| JPS6450932A (en) * | 1987-08-21 | 1989-02-27 | Nec Corp | Minute-scratch hardness measuring machine |
| CN200979523Y (en) * | 2006-12-06 | 2007-11-21 | 莱州华银试验仪器有限公司 | A lifting frame of a sclerometer |
| CN103897164A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-02 | 第一毛织株式会社 | Polycarbonate resin for film, method for preparing the same and film including the same |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 豆丁网用户.: "《用金刚石触针测定材料划痕硬度的标准试验方法》", 《豆丁网 HTTP://WWW.DOCIN.COM/P-930247372.HTML》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110646313A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-01-03 | 郑州大学 | Self-propelled portable scratch instrument for online detection of in-service materials |
| CN112485143A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-12 | 李云明 | Portable building engineering quality detector |
| CN113109195A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-13 | 清远南玻节能新材料有限公司 | Method for testing scratch resistance of plate |
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Application publication date: 20150909 |