CN104897464B - A kind of consolidation apparatus for measuring coefficient of static earth pressure and small-strain shear modulus - Google Patents
A kind of consolidation apparatus for measuring coefficient of static earth pressure and small-strain shear modulus Download PDFInfo
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- CN104897464B CN104897464B CN201510225638.XA CN201510225638A CN104897464B CN 104897464 B CN104897464 B CN 104897464B CN 201510225638 A CN201510225638 A CN 201510225638A CN 104897464 B CN104897464 B CN 104897464B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of consolidation apparatus for measuring coefficient of static earth pressure and small-strain shear modulus, including：Equipped with soil sample and equipped with for connect loading device load plate consolidation apparatus container；Be symmetricly set on consolidation apparatus container left and right side, upper and lower side inner wall two pairs of diaphragm pressure sensors；Three pairs of flexure element wave velocity testing elements being symmetricly set in six lateral groove holes of consolidation apparatus container；It is embedded in the organic glass observation window of consolidation apparatus container leading flank.Compared with prior art, the present invention can measure the stress on soil body horizontal and vertical direction and determine soil body coefficient of static earth pressure simultaneously, and in complete lateral spacing adds uninstall process the small-strain shear modulus of the different initial anisotropy soil bodys evolution, and using the anisotropic development of soil body group structure during organic glass observation window and the observation experiment of high-definition digital camera combination PIV image processing techniques, have many advantages, such as that easy to operate, vdiverse in function, measuring accuracy is high, error is small.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to During Geotechnical Tests studying technological domain, coefficient of static earth pressure and small can be measured more particularly, to one kind
Strain the consolidation apparatus of modulus of shearing.
Background technology
With the rapid development of China's urban construction, the process of urbanization promotes urgency of the big city in quantity and scale
Play development.People will constantly expand new living space, develops the underground space for the Rock And Soil that deepens continuously and builds higher and higher
High-rise building.For these engineering support safeties and economy, the precision needed when calculating and analyzing is higher and higher, improves
The factor considered needed for computational accuracy is numerous, and one of crucial and to be studied assistant officer factor is exactly anisotropy to soil body character
Influence.
The soil body is the product of the Nature, and certain initial anisotropy can be generated when deposition is formed under the effect of gravity.Just
Beginning anisotropy has large effect for the deformation of soil and intensity.In addition, at present to due to stress add unloading etc. caused by
Inner link between Induced Anisotropy and initial anisotropy and Induced Anisotropy lacks the understanding of science.
Under increasingly complicated engineering background, how the two different anisotropy of quantitative description are simultaneously appropriately reasonably distinguished
The characteristic of the soil body under two kinds of different anisotropy, is the important content of soil mechanics scientific research and solves engineering problem
There is an urgent need to.It is a kind of suitable to carry out the anisotropic degree of the quantitatively characterizing soil body at present with the anisotropy of small-strain shear modulus
The method of conjunction, but it is initially each to the anisotropic properties and resistance to shear of soil anisotropy, soil structures of small-strain shear modulus
The understanding of anisotropy and the inner link of Induced Anisotropy is very limited.
In addition, there are several more prominent when determining this important parameter of coefficient of static earth pressure by traditional experiment instrument
Problem, including：Document " Okochi, Y., Tatsuoka, F.:Some factors affecting K0-values of sand
The triaxial apparatus or plane that measured in triaxial cell.Soils Found.24 (3), 52-68 (1984) " are mentioned should
Become side in consolidation apparatus to strain excessive and can not achieve complete lateral spacing condition, document " Takashi, T, Yoshiaki, K.:
K0consolidation of undisturbed clays by means of triaxial cell.Soils Found.31
(3), the draining wallpaper flexibility between the rubber membrane and soil sample of the triaxial apparatus that 127-137 (1991) " are mentioned is excessive, document
“Yamamuro,J.A.,Bopp,P.A.,Lade,P.V.:One-dimensional compression of sands at
The consolidation apparatus that high pressures.J.Geotech.Eng.122 (2), 147-154 (1996) " are mentioned cannot be surveyed relatively accurately
Determine horizontal direction stress and there are overstrains etc. for ring body in uninstall process.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide a kind of easy to operate, functions
The consolidation apparatus for measuring coefficient of static earth pressure and small-strain shear modulus various, test accuracy is high, error is small.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
It is a kind of to measure coefficient of static earth pressure and the consolidation apparatus of small-strain shear modulus includes：
Equipped with soil sample and equipped with for connect loading device load plate consolidation apparatus container；
Be symmetricly set on consolidation apparatus container left and right side, upper and lower side inner wall two pairs of diaphragm pressure sensors；
Three pairs of flexure element wave velocity testing elements being symmetricly set in six lateral groove holes of consolidation apparatus container；
It is embedded in the organic glass observation window of consolidation apparatus container leading flank；
Stress on soil body horizontal and vertical direction is measured by diaphragm pressure sensor and obtains soil body earth pressure at rest
Coefficient shears mould by the small strain that flexure element wave velocity testing element measures soil body shear wave velocity and obtains the anisotropy soil body
Amount passes through the anisotropic development of soil body group structure during the observation experiment of organic glass observation window.
The consolidation apparatus container is cube structure, further includes container body and removable side panel, the container body by
Three pieces of fixed side panels and one piece of fixed bottom plate composition, form front and back sides, left side and the downside of consolidation apparatus container, it is described can
Dismounting side plate is connect with container body, forms the right side of consolidation apparatus container, and the load plate is set on soil sample in consolidation apparatus container
Top forms the upper side of consolidation apparatus container.
The removable side panel is connected with container body by several bolts perpendicular to fixed side panel.
Three pairs of flexure element wave velocity testing elements adjust the depth for being inserted into soil sample by corresponding slot hole.
Two pairs of diaphragm pressure sensors are pasted on consolidation apparatus container inner wall by glue.
The thickness of each side of the consolidation apparatus container and organic glass observation window is 15-20mm.
The load plate connects loading device by the loading protrusion bar at center.
Further include the digital camera that cooperation organic glass observation window carries out soil sample observation.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages：
1) consolidation apparatus container using container body, removable side panel and load plate can free dismantling combined structure, can
The soil sample for generating different initial anisotropies by rotating container when filling and presenting soil sample using this feature.
2) consolidation apparatus is equipped with three pairs of flexure element wave velocity testing elements on three principal stress directions, measures soil body shear wave velocity
That is the anisotropy of small-strain shear modulus.On the one hand Soil Anisotropic in analysis one-dimensional consolidation can be used for shear small strain
The influence of modulus, on the other hand can using small-strain shear modulus anisotropy come the anisotropy of quantitatively characterizing soil sample, including
Initial anisotropy and Induced Anisotropy.
3) consolidation apparatus is directly measured horizontal and vertical pressure and is calculated using the diaphragm pressure sensor for being affixed on container inner wall
Coefficient of static earth pressure, well solved traditional consolidation apparatus there are the problem of.
4) consolidation apparatus container side is equipped with transparent organic glass, coordinates high-definition digital camera and PIV image processing techniques, can
The anisotropic development of soil body group structure in uninstall process is added come quantitative description by Two-order Fabric Tensor in microcosmic soil mechanics theory
And influence of the different initial anisotropies to Induced Anisotropy, and the soil body characterized with small-strain shear modulus anisotropy
Group structure anisotropy is compared.
5) consolidation apparatus container is using the thickness of container body, removable side panel, load plate and organic glass observation window
15-20mm ensures the rigidity requirement of complete lateral spacing.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is consolidation apparatus structure of container stereoscopic schematic diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is consolidation apparatus structure perspective diagram of the present invention.
In figure：1st, container body, 2, removable side panel, 3, load plate, 4, left side diaphragm pressure sensor, 5, rear side bending
First velocity of wave testing element, 6, organic glass observation window, 7, left lateral bending member velocity of wave testing element, 8, downside diaphragm pressure sensing
Device, 9, downside flexure element wave velocity testing element, 10, front side flexure element wave velocity testing element, 11, bolt, 12, right side diaphragm pressure
Sensor, 13, right lateral bending member velocity of wave testing element, 14, upside flexure element wave velocity testing element, 15, the raised bar of loading, 16,
Upper side thin membrane pressure sensor.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.The present embodiment is with technical solution of the present invention
Premised on implemented, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
Following embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a kind of consolidation apparatus for measuring coefficient of static earth pressure and small-strain shear modulus is including solid
Knot appearance device, for measure horizontal and vertical soil pressure diaphragm pressure sensor, for measuring the small of three principal direction of stress
It strains the flexure element wave velocity testing element of modulus of shearing and soil body group structure anisotropy development in observation experiment can be facilitated
Organic glass observation window 6 and the high-definition digital camera combined with organic glass observation window 6, wherein, consolidation apparatus container is cube
Body structure, including container body 1, removable side panel 2 and the load plate 3 applied for external load, diaphragm pressure sensor is two pairs
Totally four, including left side diaphragm pressure sensor 4, right side diaphragm pressure sensor 12, upper side thin membrane pressure sensor 16 and under
Side diaphragm pressure sensor 8, flexure element wave velocity testing element is three pairs totally six, including front side flexure element wave velocity testing element
10th, rear side flexure element wave velocity testing element 5, left lateral bending member velocity of wave testing element 7, right lateral bending member velocity of wave testing element 13,
Upside flexure element wave velocity testing element 14 and downside flexure element wave velocity testing element 9.Specifically it is connected as：
Container body 1 is made of three pieces of fixed side panels and one piece of fixed bottom plate, forms front and back sides, the left side of consolidation apparatus container
Side and downside, removable side panel 2 are connected with container body 1 by three pairs of bolts 11 perpendicular to fixed side panel, are formed
The right side of consolidation apparatus container, load plate 3 are set on soil sample top in consolidation apparatus container, form the upper side of consolidation apparatus container, add
Support plate 3 connects external load device by the loading protrusion bar 15 at center, and two pairs of diaphragm pressure sensors pass through metallo-plastic
Multifunctional water-proofing glue is symmetrically pasted on the left and right side of consolidation apparatus container, upper and lower side inner wall, and three offside flexure element velocities of wave are surveyed
Examination element symmetry be arranged on the front and back sides of consolidation apparatus container, left and right side, upper and lower side slot hole in, corresponding slot can be passed through
Hole adjusts the depth that lateral bend member velocity of wave testing element is inserted into soil sample, before organic glass observation window 6 is embedded in consolidation apparatus container
The Thickness range of side, each side of consolidation apparatus container and organic glass observation window 6 is 15-20mm.
In the present embodiment, the wall thickness of container body 1, removable side panel 2 and load plate 3 is 15mm, container body 1, can
The a length of 150mm of consolidation apparatus container, width 150mm, a height of 150mm that dismounting side plate 2 and load plate 3 are surrounded.Organic glass is seen
Survey 6 a length of 60mm of window, a height of 60mm, the cube that thickness is 15mm.The slot hole radius for setting flexure element wave velocity testing element is
8mm, depth 15mm.Flexure element wave velocity testing element radius is 7.4mm, thickness 20mm, in slot hole.Bolt 11 is grown
It spends for 50mm.Container body 1, removable side panel 2, load plate 3 and 6 thickness of organic glass observation window ensure the rigidity of complete lateral spacing
It is required that.
The course of work：
1) soil sample passes through method height of drop control of raining using method preparation of raining, the relative density of soil sample in consolidation apparatus container
System, the pitch angle control of the initial anisotropy of soil sample by 1 left side of container body with respect to the horizontal plane.
2) it has prepared soil sample removable side panel 2 is connected with container body 1 by bolt 11,1 level of container body has been put
Put, and by load plate 3 it is horizontal positioned with soil sample on, raised bar 15 is loaded in load plate 3 and is connected with external load device, passes through control
External load device processed can carry out soil sample one-dimensional plus unloading.
3) the horizontal and vertical soil pressure of soil sample is measured using diaphragm pressure sensor during experiment, static soil can be calculated
Pressure coefficient and stress anisotropy degree.Meanwhile it is measured respectively using three pairs of flexure element wave velocity testing elements during experiment
The shear wave velocity on three directions is surveyed, and calculates corresponding small-strain shear modulus；High-definition digital phase can be used during experiment
Machine carries out part to soil sample by organic glass observation window 6 and takes pictures, and passes through PIV image processing techniques and obtain soil body group structure letter
Breath, the anisotropic development of true quantitative analysis soil body group structure.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of consolidation apparatus for measuring coefficient of static earth pressure and small-strain shear modulus, which is characterized in that including：
Equipped with soil sample and equipped with for connect loading device load plate consolidation apparatus container；
Be symmetricly set on consolidation apparatus container left and right side, upper and lower side inner wall two pairs of diaphragm pressure sensors；
Three pairs of flexure element wave velocity testing elements being symmetricly set in six lateral groove holes of consolidation apparatus container；
It is embedded in the organic glass observation window of consolidation apparatus container leading flank；
Organic glass observation window is coordinated to carry out the digital camera of soil sample observation；
Stress on soil body horizontal and vertical direction is measured by diaphragm pressure sensor and obtains soil body coefficient of static earth pressure,
Soil body shear wave velocity is measured by flexure element wave velocity testing element and obtains the small-strain shear modulus of the anisotropy soil body, is passed through
Organic glass coordinates digital camera and PIV image processing techniques, is quantitatively retouched using Two-order Fabric Tensor in microcosmic soil mechanics theory
It states and adds the anisotropic development of soil body group structure in uninstall process；
The consolidation apparatus container is cube structure, further includes container body and removable side panel, the container body is by three pieces
Fixed side panel and one piece of fixed bottom plate composition, form front and back sides, left side and the downside of consolidation apparatus container, described detachable
Side plate is connect with container body, forms the right side of consolidation apparatus container, and the load plate is set on soil sample top in consolidation apparatus container,
Form the upper side of consolidation apparatus container.
2. a kind of consolidation apparatus for measuring coefficient of static earth pressure and small-strain shear modulus according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the removable side panel is connected with container body by several bolts perpendicular to fixed side panel.
3. a kind of consolidation apparatus for measuring coefficient of static earth pressure and small-strain shear modulus according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, three pairs of flexure element wave velocity testing elements adjust the depth for being inserted into soil sample by corresponding slot hole.
4. a kind of consolidation apparatus for measuring coefficient of static earth pressure and small-strain shear modulus according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, two pairs of diaphragm pressure sensors are pasted on consolidation apparatus container inner wall by glue.
5. a kind of consolidation apparatus for measuring coefficient of static earth pressure and small-strain shear modulus according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the thickness of each side of the consolidation apparatus container and organic glass observation window is 15-20mm.
6. a kind of consolidation apparatus for measuring coefficient of static earth pressure and small-strain shear modulus according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the load plate connects loading device by the loading protrusion bar at center.
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