CN104894403A - Refining method for aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Refining method for aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN104894403A CN104894403A CN201510120776.1A CN201510120776A CN104894403A CN 104894403 A CN104894403 A CN 104894403A CN 201510120776 A CN201510120776 A CN 201510120776A CN 104894403 A CN104894403 A CN 104894403A
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- aluminium alloy
- fining agent
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Abstract
The invention provides a refining method for aluminum alloy. According to the method, Al-Y binary amorphous alloy is used as an aluminum alloy refining agent, and the atomic percent of Y in the Al-Y binary amorphous alloy is 9 to 13%; and the refining agent is an amorphous material and can provide a great number of uniformly-distributed nanometer nucleation particles after added into an aluminum melt, so the refinement effect of A356.2 alloy is substantially improved. The method is simple, has a short production period and overcomes the disadvantages of complex process, long process time, limited refinement effect and the like in conventional melting and preparation process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminium alloy smelting field, relate to a kind of method of refining aluminum alloy particularly.
Background technology
A356.2 aluminium alloy has good fluidity, and without hot cracking tendency, linear shrinkage is little, and proportion is little, and solidity to corrosion waits good characteristic well, is the main use material of automotive hub.But the as-cast structure of the A356.2 aluminium alloy of non-fine degenerate is thick sheet or needle shaped eutectic silicon and α-Al dendritic structure, and mechanical property is lower.Therefore, alterant element and grain refining element must be added, Morphology of Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Foundry Alloys be changed into by thick sheet or needle-like tiny spherical or bar-shaped, make α-Al crystal grain obtain refinement simultaneously, the use properties of A356.2 alloy could be improved, expand its range of application.At present, the fining agent that in industrial production, A356.2 aluminium alloy is conventional has Al-Ti-B, Al-Ti-C, Al-Ti-B-C etc.
In first technology, CN102886511A discloses a kind of method preparing Al-Ti-C grain refiner.Described fining agent adds in aluminium liquid obtained by TiC.The TiC related to is nano particle, and material cost is high, complicated process of preparation.And need to use argon gas or nitrogen to be distributed in melt by this nanometer powder, increase the complexity of technique and the cycle of whole technique, wayward, be unfavorable for that industrialization is produced.
In first technology, CN103667759A discloses a kind of Al-Mg-Si system alloy α-Al grain-refining agent and preparation method thereof.The method need be ground to 200-400 order by after Ti, Bi, Cr tri-kinds of powder mixing, increases technique duration.And after powder closely need wrap up with aluminium foil, can use toast 30min at 200-250 DEG C after, add complex process degree, be unfavorable for that industrialization is produced.
In first technology, CN103589916A discloses a kind of Rapid solidification Al-Ti-B-Sc intermediate alloy refiner and preparation method thereof.This fining agent is crystalline material, and its microstructure is micron-sized TiAl by α-Al and yardstick
3, TiB
2, AlB
2and Al
3the phase composite of Sc crystal, micron-sized precipitated phase provides limited forming core particle, limits the thinning effect of element.
In sum, aluminium alloy fining agent of the prior art otherwise cost more high-leveled and difficult with widespread use, or use step and process complicated, limit its application on producing.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of novel aluminium alloy fining agent, thus overcome each above problem.
In order to realize above goal of the invention, the invention provides following technical scheme:
In one aspect of the invention, provide a kind of method of refining aluminum alloy, it is characterized in that, it uses Al-Y amorphous alloy as aluminium alloy fining agent, and in described Al-Y amorphous alloy, the atomic percent of Y is 9-13%.
In the present invention one is preferred, the fusing point of described non-crystaline amorphous metal is within 800 DEG C.
In the present invention one is preferred, the non-crystaline amorphous metal of described aluminium-rare-earth element is Al
90y
10.
In the present invention one is preferred, in aluminium alloy thinning process, by the weighing scale of aluminium alloy, add the aluminium alloy fining agent of 0.17-0.32%, smelting temperature is the temperature of fusion height 20-40 degree Celsius than aluminium alloy fining agent, but is not less than the usual smelting temperature 720 DEG C of A356.2 alloy.
In the present invention one is preferred, add the aluminium alloy fining agent of 0.25%, and smelting temperature is higher than the temperature of fusion of aluminium alloy fining agent 20 degrees Celsius, but is not less than the usual smelting temperature 720 DEG C of A356.2 alloy.
In the present invention one is preferred, the non-crystaline amorphous metal of described aluminium-rare-earth element is cylindrical test block.
In the present invention one is preferred, provides and process according to previously described method refinement the aluminium alloy obtained.
In the present invention one is preferred, provides and process according to previously described method refinement the purposes of aluminium alloy in casting wheel obtained.
In other aspects of the present invention, additionally provide following technical scheme:
The present invention solves this technical problem adopted technical scheme: one utilizes binary aluminium-rare earth amorphous A356.2 alloy to be carried out to the method for grain refining, comprises the steps:
The first step, the selection of aluminium base binary amorphous component.
Select the aluminium-rare-earth binary amorphous component within fusing point 800 DEG C, ensure that energy consumption is lower, reduce the volatilization in alloy melting process.Selected aluminium-based amorphous alloy is Al
90y
10.
Second step, the preparation of aluminium-based amorphous alloy fining agent.
According to mentioned component selection principle, a kind of purity is selected to be not less than 99.99%, thick 15 μm, the business aluminium-based amorphous alloy band (purchased from Antai Science and Technology Co., Ltd) of wide 1.5mm.Utilize briquetting press by band 500MPa pressure system 5 seconds, make
cylindrical test block, take to facilitate.
3rd step, the determination of aluminium alloy smelting temperature and fusion process.
According to differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) detected result of selected aluminium-based amorphous alloy, analyze the temperature of fusion of aluminium-based amorphous alloy, thus determine the smelting temperature of A356.2 alloy, make A356.2 alloy melting temp than the temperature of fusion height at least 20 DEG C of aluminium-based amorphous alloy, but be not less than the usual smelting temperature 720 DEG C of A356.2 alloy, ensure that non-crystaline amorphous metal can melt after adding A356.2 aluminium alloy smoothly.After A356.2 alloy melting, the aluminium-based amorphous alloy cylinder test block of getting massfraction 0.25% joins in A356.2 aluminum alloy melt, and mechanical stirring 120s makes it fully melt and be uniformly dispersed, and aluminium alloy is left standstill 10min, casts after slagging-off.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: be amorphous alloy for the aluminum base alloy of refinement A356.2 alloy in the present invention, there is the feature of uniform composition, it separates out a large amount of nano-scale particle phase after joining aluminum alloy melt, these nanometer precipitated phases, as heterogeneous forming core core, are dispersed in aluminium liquid.After thinning processing, in A356.2 alloy, α-Al grain-size significantly reduces than the aluminium alloy of traditional fining agent process, and thinning effect is better.
Compared with prior art, marked improvement of the present invention is as follows: the preparation process of fining agent described in patent of the present invention is simple, and only need be purchased band and mix also briquetting with aluminium powder and can use, man-hour is short, and productivity is high.What patent fining agent of the present invention was selected is to A356.2 alloy refinement ability strong containing rare earth alloy, and be non-crystalline state, after it adds melt, Elemental redistribution is more more even than conventional alloys, and precipitated phase is nanophase, considerably increase heterogeneous forming core particle quantity, improve the grain refining effect of aluminium alloy.Fining agent is amorphous material, can provide nano level forming core particle that is a large amount of, that be evenly distributed, substantially increase the thinning effect of A356.2 alloy after this material adds molten aluminium.The method technological process is comparatively simple, with short production cycle, the drawback such as overcome melting and preparation process complex process, the process time is long, thinning effect is limited.
Embodiment
The first step, the selection of aluminium-based amorphous alloy composition.
Select the aluminium-rare-earth binary amorphous component within fusing point 800 DEG C, ensure that energy consumption is lower, reduce the volatilization in alloy melting process.The present embodiment have selected following non-crystaline amorphous metal:
Test group 1:Al
88y
13non-crystaline amorphous metal
Test group 2:Al
90y
10non-crystaline amorphous metal
Test group 3:Al
91y
9non-crystaline amorphous metal
Above non-crystaline amorphous metal is all purchased from Antai Science and Technology Co., Ltd.
Control group: Al-Ti-B refiner
Above aluminium alloy fining agent is purchased from KBM Affilips company.
The A356.2 aluminium alloy of the embodiment of the present invention is all purchased from Binzhou Meng Weilianxin novel material company limited.
Second step, the preparation of aluminium-based amorphous alloy fining agent.
According to mentioned component selection principle, purity is selected to be not less than 99.99%, thick 15 μm, the business Al of wide 1.5mm
88y
13, Al
90y
10and Al
91y
9amorphous ribbon (purchased from Antai Science and Technology Co., Ltd).Utilize briquetting press by band 500MPa pressure system 5 seconds, make
cylindrical test block, take to facilitate.
3rd step, the determination of aluminium alloy smelting temperature and fusion process.
According to Al
90y
10differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) detected result of amorphous, analyze the temperature of fusion of this aluminium-based amorphous alloy about 649 DEG C (temperature that the exothermic peak curve point of intersection of tangents is corresponding), thus determine the smelting temperature of A356.2 alloy, make A356.2 alloy melting temp than the temperature of fusion height at least 20 DEG C of aluminium-based amorphous alloy, but be not less than the usual smelting temperature 720 DEG C of A356.2 alloy, finally determine that aluminium alloy smelting temperature is 720 DEG C, ensure that non-crystaline amorphous metal can melt after adding A356.2 aluminium alloy smoothly.After A356.2 alloy melting, for three test group, get the Mass Calculation with aluminium alloy respectively, the aluminium-based amorphous alloy cylinder test block that massfraction is respectively 0.17% (test group 1), 0.25% (test group 2) and 0.32% (test group 3) joins in A356.2 aluminum alloy melt, mechanical stirring 120s makes it fully melt and be uniformly dispersed, aluminium alloy is left standstill 10min, casts after slagging-off.
Test shows, in the as cast condition metallographic microstructure of A356.2 aluminium alloy (6.82%Si, 0.34%Mg, 0.06%Fe, 0.09%Ti, 0.022%Sr, 0.0008%B, surplus Al), α-Al crystal grain is thicker, and its average grain size is 138.1 μm.
Test shows, after adding the traditional as cast condition Al-5Ti-1B fining agent of massfraction 0.25% in A356.2 aluminium alloy, (test group 2) alloy casting state microstructure α-Al crystal grain obtains refinement, and its average grain size is 81.2 μm.
Test shows, adds the Al of massfraction 0.25% in A356.2 aluminium alloy
90y
10after the test block of amorphous cylinder, (test group 2) alloy casting state microstructure α-Al crystal grain obtains further refinement, and its average grain size is 41.3 μm.The thinning effect that the cylindrical test block of visible the present embodiment made binary aluminium-based amorphous alloy band joins after A356.2 alloy is more excellent than traditional as cast condition fining agent.
Through test, the tensile strength of each combination gold after heat treatment (thermal treatment process is 540 DEG C × 2h+150 DEG C × 12h) is all higher than 284MPa, yield strength is all higher than 243MPa, and elongation is not all higher than 8.4% (figure of test group 1 and 3 shows).Automotive wheel to the general requirement of the mechanical property of A356 aluminium alloy is: tensile strength Rm>220MPa, yield strength Rp0.2>180MPa, elongation As>7%.In general, the mechanical property of the A356 of traditional interpolation Al-5Ti-1B master alloy is Rm:270-280MPa, Rp0.2:220-230MPa, As:8%-9%.As can be seen here, three kinds of fining agents of the application all meet the demand of aluminum-alloy wheel Foundry Production.
Starting material used in above-described embodiment and equipment are all obtained by known approach, and operating procedure used is that those skilled in the art can grasp.
Claims (8)
1. a method for refining aluminum alloy, is characterized in that, it uses Al-Y amorphous alloy as aluminium alloy fining agent, and in described Al-Y amorphous alloy, the atomic percent of Y is 9-13%.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the fusing point of described non-crystaline amorphous metal is within 800 DEG C.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the non-crystaline amorphous metal of described aluminium-rare-earth element is Al
90y
10.
4. the method according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, in aluminium alloy thinning process, by the weighing scale of aluminium alloy, add the aluminium alloy fining agent of 0.17-0.32%, smelting temperature is the temperature of fusion height 20-40 degree Celsius than aluminium alloy fining agent, but is not less than the usual smelting temperature 720 DEG C of A356.2 alloy.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, adds the aluminium alloy fining agent of 0.25%, and smelting temperature is higher than the temperature of fusion of aluminium alloy fining agent 20 degrees Celsius, but is not less than the usual smelting temperature 720 DEG C of A356.2 alloy.
6. the method according to any one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that, the non-crystaline amorphous metal of described aluminium-rare-earth element is cylindrical test block.
7. the aluminium alloy obtained is processed according to the method refinement described in claim 1-6.
8. the purposes of aluminium alloy in casting wheel obtained is processed according to the method refinement described in claim 1-6.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510120776.1A CN104894403A (en) | 2015-03-19 | 2015-03-19 | Refining method for aluminum alloy |
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| CN201510120776.1A CN104894403A (en) | 2015-03-19 | 2015-03-19 | Refining method for aluminum alloy |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104894402A (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2015-09-09 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | Refining method for aluminum alloy |
| CN110184503A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-08-30 | 朱胜利 | A kind of aluminium alloy fining agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN112458343A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-09 | 徐州新帝新材料有限公司 | B-containing amorphous master alloy refiner and preparation method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0441654A (en) * | 1990-06-08 | 1992-02-12 | Takeshi Masumoto | Grain dispersion type high strength amorphous aluminum alloy |
| US5486240A (en) * | 1994-04-25 | 1996-01-23 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Carbide/nitride grain refined rare earth-iron-boron permanent magnet and method of making |
| CN103111609A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-05-22 | 吉林大学 | Amorphous alloy inoculation method for treating cast aluminum alloy |
-
2015
- 2015-03-19 CN CN201510120776.1A patent/CN104894403A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0441654A (en) * | 1990-06-08 | 1992-02-12 | Takeshi Masumoto | Grain dispersion type high strength amorphous aluminum alloy |
| US5486240A (en) * | 1994-04-25 | 1996-01-23 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Carbide/nitride grain refined rare earth-iron-boron permanent magnet and method of making |
| CN103111609A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-05-22 | 吉林大学 | Amorphous alloy inoculation method for treating cast aluminum alloy |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| AKIHISA INOUE: ""Amorphous, nanoquasicrystalline and nanocrystalline alloys in Al-based systems"", 《PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE》 * |
| 董天顺: ""Al-Ti-B 细化剂的快速凝固及其细化机理研究"", 《稀有金属材料与工程》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104894402A (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2015-09-09 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | Refining method for aluminum alloy |
| CN110184503A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-08-30 | 朱胜利 | A kind of aluminium alloy fining agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN112458343A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-09 | 徐州新帝新材料有限公司 | B-containing amorphous master alloy refiner and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20150909 |