CN104893689A - Clay-free drilling fluid - Google Patents
Clay-free drilling fluid Download PDFInfo
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- CN104893689A CN104893689A CN201410076520.0A CN201410076520A CN104893689A CN 104893689 A CN104893689 A CN 104893689A CN 201410076520 A CN201410076520 A CN 201410076520A CN 104893689 A CN104893689 A CN 104893689A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/04—Aqueous well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/06—Clay-free compositions
- C09K8/08—Clay-free compositions containing natural organic compounds, e.g. polysaccharides, or derivatives thereof
Abstract
The present invention provides a clay-free drilling fluid, which comprises water, xanthan gum, high-temperature resistance modified starch, ultra-fine calcium carbonate and a reducing agent, and preferably further comprises an alkali and/or a salt. According to the present invention, the rheology and the water loss resistance effect of the clay-free drilling fluid are good after aging for 16 h at a temperature of 140 DEG C, and the clay-free drilling fluid can be used in high temperature environments, has the high low-shear-rate-viscosity (LSRV), and is more suitable for suspension carrying of drilling chips in horizontal wells.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of without soil phase drilling fluid, particularly a kind of is host without soil phase drilling fluid with high temperature resistance treated starch, belongs to petroleum drilling engineering field.
Background technology
The drilling fluid not containing the soil phase in drilling fluid composition is referred to without soil phase drilling fluid; due to not few to formation damage containing the soil phase in its component; at reservoir protection, suppress there is remarkable advantage in clay pulping, antipollution and environment protection, be particularly suitable for being used in the particularly extended horizontal well Reservoir Section use of middle and high infiltration local water horizontal well.And be normally that external phase is dispersed in drilling fluid the plastic viscosity, gel strength and the yield value that improve system with soil in drilling fluid, while enhancing drilling fluid is to the suspension of drilling cuttings and carrying capacity, reduces filter loss, forms fine and close mud cake.Thus, soil is the framework material of drilling fluid.When use temperature is more than 120 DEG C, existing mainly exist the problems such as dehydration is large, drilling fluid poor stability without soil phase drilling fluid.And be greater than in the complex geological condition such as high temperature, high pressure water horizontal well, extended reach well and fish bone well horizontal well of 120 DEG C in temperature, the demand of salt-aqueous systems without soil phase drilling fluid is got more and more.Therefore need to develop a kind of being greater than that fluid loss property under the use temperature of 120 DEG C is low, stability is high without soil phase drilling fluid.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to and be existingly greater than the problems such as the large and drilling fluid poor stability of the dehydration that exists under the use temperature of 120 DEG C without soil phase drilling fluid, by introducing treated starch and other subsidiary material that can resist 140 DEG C of high temperature, the use temperature without soil phase drilling fluid is brought up to 140 DEG C.
The invention provides a kind of without soil phase drilling fluid, comprise water, xanthan gum, high temperature resistance treated starch, calcium carbonate superfine powder and reductive agent.
Preferably of the present inventionly also comprise alkali and/or salt without soil phase drilling fluid.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, described salt is sodium-chlor and/or Repone K, act as the caving-preventing ability and saline-alkaline tolerance that improve drilling fluid, considers more preferably to use sodium-chlor from price.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, described alkali is magnesium oxide and/or calcium oxide, act as the pH value regulating drilling fluid.Because the pH value of highly basic is too high, the effect affecting drilling fluid plays, and calcium oxide generates sl. sol. calcium hydroxide after meeting water, has impact, therefore preferably use magnesium oxide to mud property.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, described high temperature resistance treated starch prepares by the following method: comprise ative starch to be dissolved in low-carbon alcohol and prepare 15-25wt% starch suspension, the 3-10wt% chloroacetic acid solution of 1 ~ 2 weight part is first added in the starch suspension of 3 ~ 4 weight parts, after add the catalyst solution of the 4-11wt% of totally 2 ~ 3 weight parts at twice, and the catalyst solution weight added first accounts for 1/8 ~ 3/8 of catalyst solution gross weight, after adding catalyst solution first, mixture is reacted 1 ~ 48h at 40 ~ 70 DEG C, then add remaining catalyst solution and continue reaction 0.5 ~ 24h at 40 ~ 70 DEG C, reaction terminates rear acid and solution ph is neutralized to 7.5 ~ 9, is drying to obtain product with after low-carbon alcohol washing.
Preferably, described ative starch is selected from least one in W-Gum, potato starch and tapioca (flour).Described low-carbon alcohol is selected from least one in methyl alcohol, ethanol and Virahol.Described chloroacetic acid solution is the chloroacetic aqueous solution or alcoholic solution.Described catalyzer is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, and described catalyst solution is aqueous catalyst solution or alcoholic solution.The catalytic reaction process added after catalyzer under agitation carries out, and stirring velocity is 500-1000rpm.
The reaction times preferably added first after catalyzer is 3 ~ 6h, and adding the reaction times after residual catalyst is 2 ~ 4h.In addition, described acid is one or more in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and acetic acid.Described drying temperature is 50-60 DEG C.
When described high temperature resistance treated starch uses the standard of API treated starch and Spec13A ISO135002009 standard to evaluate when not adding any oxygen scavenger and sterilant in industrial application, respectively when 16 hours aging evaluation of 130 DEG C, 135 DEG C and 140 DEG C, its filter loss is all less than 10ml.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the particle diameter of described calcium carbonate superfine powder is 5-60 micron, more preferably uses the calcium carbonate that two kinds of particle diameters are 5-20 micron and 30-60 micron simultaneously.Acting as of described calcium carbonate superfine powder coordinates starchy material maintain the good viscosity of drilling fluid system and fall dehydration ability.Adopt the calcium carbonate of two kinds of particle diameters mainly to carry out particle diameter collocation, play the effect of bridge formation.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, described reductive agent be selected from S-WAT, sodium bisulfite, Sulfothiorine, Tetramethyl Ethylene Diamine, iron protochloride and cuprous chloride one or more, act as the oxygen in removing drilling fluid.More preferably S-WAT, also has the effect of sulfonation while deoxygenation in drilling fluid, improves the long-lasting of product use.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the each component concentration of described drilling fluid calculates with add-on in every 500ml water, salt 20-150g, xanthan gum 1-2.5g, high temperature resistance treated starch 2.5-7.5g, calcium carbonate superfine powder 30-70g, alkali 0.5-1g and reductive agent 1-2g, calcium carbonate 15-35g, magnesium oxide 0.5-1g and S-WAT 1-2g that the calcium carbonate 15-35g that preferred sodium-chlor 20-150g, xanthan gum 1-2.5g, high temperature resistance treated starch 2.5-7.5g, particle diameter are 5-20 micron, particle diameter are 30-60 micron.
The present invention also provides the above-mentioned preparation method without soil phase drilling fluid, comprises and selectively add salt and/or alkali in water, then adds xanthan gum and high temperature resistance treated starch successively, adds calcium carbonate superfine powder and S-WAT, be finally uniformly mixed after fully swelling.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in water, sodium-chlor and magnesium oxide is added successively under agitation condition, xanthan gum is added after abundant dissolving, high temperature resistance treated starch is added after stirring 20-30min, stir and to add the calcium carbonate that calcium carbonate that particle diameter is 5-20 micron and particle diameter are 30-60 micron after 20-30min successively, finally add S-WAT.Preferably the feed time of often kind of component is controlled at 0.5-1min, and fully stir before adding next component, ensure that each component is fully dissolved or mixes.
The invention provides one without soil phase drilling fluid, wherein xanthan gum provides good drilling fluid suspension stability, and dehydration ability falls in the raising of high temperature resistance treated starch, and the use temperature of drilling fluid is brought up to 140 DEG C.The calcium carbonate of two kinds of particle diameters plays good effect of building bridge, and makes size grading more reasonable.S-WAT has certain stabilization to drilling fluid while deoxygenation.Magnesium oxide regulates the pH value of drilling fluid, makes it remain between 7.5-9.5 and is more conducive to play effect.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.But the present invention is not limited in following embodiment.
Wherein, the data acquisition in embodiment and comparative example obtains with external API13I standard testing.
The preparation method of the high temperature resistance treated starch in embodiment 1-19 is: be dissolved in methyl alcohol by the native cornstarch of 100g, and being configured to concentration is 20wt% corn starch suspension; Mono Chloro Acetic Acid being configured to concentration is 5.5wt% Mono Chloro Acetic Acid methanol solution; Catalyzer potassium hydroxide is configured to the aqueous solution that concentration is 7wt%.Getting the above-mentioned corn starch suspension of 175g pours in there-necked flask, add the above-mentioned chloroacetic acid solution of 70g and the above-mentioned catalyzer potassium hydroxide solution being total to 1/4 quality in 130g successively, in water bath with thermostatic control, temperature control is 65 DEG C, and to control stirring velocity be react 3h under 750rpm, then equality of temperature is with dropping into remaining 3/4 potassium hydroxide solution reaction 3h under stirring velocity.Reaction terminates rear hydrochloric acid neutralization solution pH value to 7.5-9, and by methanol wash, suction filtration, at 50 DEG C, forced air drying obtains product.
Embodiment 1-3
Each amounts of components: calculate with add-on in every 500ml water, sodium-chlor 80g, xanthan gum (1g, 1.5g, 2.5g), high temperature resistance treated starch 5g, the particle diameter calcium carbonate 25g that is 5-20 micron, particle diameter be 30-60 micron calcium carbonate 25g, magnesium oxide 0.75g and S-WAT 1.5g.
Batching order: take 3 parts of 500ml water and be poured into 3 and highly stir in cup, unlatching stirring 3000-5000rpm adds sodium-chlor 80g (feed time controls at 0.5min) successively respectively and stirs 3min afterwards, add magnesium oxide 0.75g (feed time controls at 0.5min) respectively and stir 3min under 3000-5000rpm, add xanthan gum 1g respectively, 1.5g and 2.5g (feed time controls at 1min) also stirs 20min under 4000-6000rpm, add high temperature resistance treated starch 5g (feed time controls at 1min) respectively and stir 20min under 4000-6000rpm, add calcium carbonate 25g (feed time controls at 0.5min) that particle diameter is 5-20 micron and stir 3min under 4000-6000rpm, add calcium carbonate 25g (feed time controls at 0.5min) that particle diameter is 30-60 micron and stir 3min under 4000-6000rpm, add S-WAT 1.5g (feed time controls at 0.5min) and stir 3min under 4000-6000rpm, all material add rear and stir 15min under 4000-6000rpm, test result is in table 1:
Under the different xanthan gum consumption of table 1, compare without the rheological of soil phase drilling fluid and fluid loss property
Remarks: base is starched: the calcium carbonate 25g+ S-WAT 1.5g of 500ml water+sodium-chlor 80g+ magnesium oxide 0.75g+ high temperature resistance treated starch 5g+ particle diameter to be the calcium carbonate 25g+ particle diameter of 5-20 micron be 30-60 micron
As can be seen from experiment above, along with xanthan gum consumption increases, yield value, apparent viscosity and plastic viscosity obviously increase, and illustrate that rheological increases along with xanthan gum consumption and increases.But when xanthan gum consumption continue after 1.5g increase, filter loss and the dehydration of HTHP(High Temperature High Pressure) change less, illustrate and the impact of dehydration performance reduced.
Embodiment 4-6
Each amounts of components: calculate with add-on in every 500ml water, sodium-chlor 80g, xanthan gum 1.5g, high temperature resistance treated starch (2.5g, 5g, 7.5g), the particle diameter calcium carbonate 25g that is 5-20 micron, particle diameter be 30-60 micron calcium carbonate 25g, magnesium oxide 0.75g and S-WAT 1.5g.
Batching order is identical with embodiment 1-3, and difference is the consumption changing high temperature resistance treated starch, the results are shown in Table 2:
Under table 2 different high temperature resistance treated starch consumption, compare without the rheological of soil phase drilling fluid and fluid loss property
Remarks: base is starched: the calcium carbonate 25g+ S-WAT 1.5g of 500ml water+sodium-chlor 80g+ magnesium oxide 0.75g+ xanthan gum 1.5g+ particle diameter to be the calcium carbonate 25g+ particle diameter of 5-20 micron be 30-60 micron
As can be seen from experiment above, along with high temperature resistance treated starch consumption increases, rheological slightly increases, but high temperature resistance treated starch consumption is little on the impact of HTHP after 5g, and rheological slightly increases.
Embodiment 7-9
Each amounts of components: calculate with add-on in every 500ml water, sodium-chlor 80g, xanthan gum 1.5g, high temperature resistance treated starch 5g, particle diameter are the calcium carbonate (15g of 5-20 micron, 25g, 35g), particle diameter is calcium carbonate 25g, magnesium oxide 0.75g and the S-WAT 1.5g of 30-60 micron.
Batching order is identical with embodiment 1-3, and difference is to change the consumption that particle diameter is the calcium carbonate of 5-20 micron, the results are shown in Table 3:
Table 3 different-grain diameter is under the consumption of the calcium carbonate of 5-20 micron, compares without the rheological of soil phase drilling fluid and fluid loss property
Remarks: base is starched: 500ml water+sodium-chlor 80g+ magnesium oxide 0.75g+ xanthan gum 1.5g+ high temperature resistance treated starch 5g+ particle diameter is the calcium carbonate 25g+ S-WAT 1.5g of 30-60 micron
As can be seen from experiment above, the calcium carbonate consumption being 5-20 micron along with particle diameter increases, and rheological slightly increases, and particle diameter is that the calcium carbonate consumption of 5-20 micron continues increase and reduces each performance impact after 25g.
Embodiment 10-12
Each amounts of components: calculate with add-on in every 500ml water, calcium carbonate (the 15g that the calcium carbonate 25g that sodium-chlor 80g, xanthan gum 1.5g, high temperature resistance treated starch 5g, particle diameter are 5-20 micron, particle diameter are 30-60 micron, 25g, 35g), magnesium oxide 0.75g and S-WAT 1.5g.
Batching order: identical with embodiment 1-3, difference is to change the consumption that particle diameter is the calcium carbonate of 30-60 micron, the results are shown in Table 4:
Table 4 different-grain diameter is under the calcium carbonate consumption of 30-60 micron, compares without the rheological of soil phase drilling fluid and fluid loss property
Remarks: base is starched: 500ml water+sodium-chlor 80g+ magnesium oxide 0.75g+ xanthan gum 1.5g+ high temperature resistance treated starch 5g+ particle diameter is the calcium carbonate 25g+ S-WAT 1.5g of 5-20 micron
As can be seen from experiment above, the calcium carbonate consumption being 30-60 micron along with particle diameter increases, and rheological slightly increases, and consumption is best to mud property control when 25g.
Embodiment 13-15
Each amounts of components: calculate with add-on in every 500ml water, the calcium carbonate 25g that the calcium carbonate 25g that sodium-chlor 80g, xanthan gum 1.5g, high temperature resistance treated starch 5g, particle diameter are 5-20 micron, particle diameter are 30-60 micron, magnesium oxide (0.5g, 0.75g and 1.00g) and S-WAT 1.5g.
Batching order is identical with embodiment 1-3, and difference is to change magnesian consumption, the results are shown in Table 5:
Under the different magnesium oxide consumption of table 5, compare without the rheological of soil phase drilling fluid and fluid loss property
Remarks: base is starched: the calcium carbonate 25g+ S-WAT 1.5g of 500ml water+sodium-chlor 80g+ xanthan gum 1.5g+ high temperature resistance treated starch 5g+ particle diameter to be the calcium carbonate 25g+ particle diameter of 5-20 micron be 30-60 micron
As can be seen from experiment above, along with magnesium oxide dosage increase, drilling liquid pH value increase, when magnesium oxide add-on is 8g, pH value be 8 effect best.
Embodiment 16-18
Each amounts of components: calculate with add-on in every 500ml water, calcium carbonate 25g, magnesium oxide 0.75g that the calcium carbonate 25g that sodium-chlor 80g, xanthan gum 1.5g, high temperature resistance treated starch 5g, particle diameter are 5-20 micron, particle diameter are 30-60 micron and S-WAT (1.0g, 1.5g and 2.0g).
Batching order: identical with embodiment 1-3, difference is the consumption changing S-WAT, the results are shown in Table 6:
Under the different S-WAT consumption of table 6, compare without the rheological of soil phase drilling fluid and fluid loss property
Remarks: base is starched: the calcium carbonate 25g of 500ml water+sodium-chlor 80g+ magnesium oxide 0.75g+ xanthan gum 1.5g+ high temperature resistance treated starch 5g+ particle diameter to be the calcium carbonate 25g+ particle diameter of 5-20 micron be 30-60 micron
As can be seen from experiment above, along with S-WAT dosage increases, drilling fluid rheology slightly increases, and contrast properties changes, and controls consumption in 1.5g best results.
Embodiment 19 and comparative example 1-2
The component preparation base slurry of the calcium carbonate 25g+ S-WAT 1.5g that calcium carbonate 25g+ particle diameter that particle diameter is 5-20 micron is 30-60 micron is added with 500ml water+sodium-chlor 80g+ magnesium oxide 0.75g+ xanthan gum 1.5g+.With reference to API RP13I drilling fluid recommended practice, the rheological of drilling fluid and fluid loss property when measuring before and after rolling 49 DEG C, and with similar products at home and abroad recipe ratio comparatively, the results are shown in Table 7:
Wherein, embodiment 19 is base slurry+1% high temperature resistance treated starch (1% is the percent by volume relative to water, and the consumption obtaining high temperature resistance treated starch that converts is 5g).
Comparative example 1 is base slurry+1% home products.Described home products adopts W-Gum to do raw material, select and prepare than the comparatively simple device of the external modified starch products of preparation, and concrete preparation method is dry method or semi-dry desulfurization.
Comparative example 2 is base slurry+1% external product.Described external product adopts tapioca (flour) to do raw material, select complexity and the device of advanced person prepares, and concrete preparation method is semi-dry desulfurization.
Table 7 compares without the rheological of soil phase drilling fluid and fluid loss property
Remarks: base is starched: the calcium carbonate 25g+ S-WAT 1.5g of 500ml water+sodium-chlor 80g+ magnesium oxide 0.75g+ xanthan gum 1.5g+ particle diameter to be the calcium carbonate 25g+ particle diameter of 5-20 micron be 30-60 micron
As can be seen from data results above, base slurry is deteriorated in the aging rear rheological of 140 DEG C/16h, and dehydration is very large; Rheological and the dehydration of embodiment 19 are better than home products, and dehydration is less than external product.
Table 8 is its low-shear rate viscosity (LSRV) test value of embodiment 19 and comparative example 1-2.
Table 8 compares without the low-shear rate viscosity (LSRV) of soil phase drilling fluid
Remarks: base is starched: the calcium carbonate 25g+ S-WAT 1.5g of 500ml water+sodium-chlor 80g+ magnesium oxide 0.75g+ xanthan gum 1.5g+ particle diameter to be the calcium carbonate 25g+ particle diameter of 5-20 micron be 30-60 micron
LSRV value is higher, and in long lateral segment, the ability of suspension and cutting carring is stronger.As can be seen from data results above, after 140 DEG C/16h is aging, the LSRV value of base slurry is 11345S
-1, the LSRV value of embodiment 19 drilling fluid is 69116S-1, and the LSRV value of comparative example 1 is 22691S
-1, the LSRV value of comparative example 2 is 46979S
-1, the LSRV value of embodiment 19 is 3 times of home products, external product 1.47 times, base slurry 6 times.The LSRV value of known embodiment 19 is higher than corresponding home and overseas product, and being more suitable for suspends in horizontal well carries drilling cuttings.
By referring to exemplary embodiments, invention has been described, but to should be understood to word wherein used be descriptive and explanatory vocabulary, instead of limited vocabulary.Can modify the present invention by the scope being defined in the claims in the present invention, and the present invention be revised not deviating from scope and spirit of the present invention.Although the present invention wherein described relates to specific method, material and embodiment, and do not mean that the present invention is limited to particular case disclosed in it, on the contrary, easily extensible of the present invention is to other all methods and applications with identical function.
Claims (10)
1., without a soil phase drilling fluid, comprise water, xanthan gum, high temperature resistance treated starch, calcium carbonate superfine powder and reductive agent.
2. drilling fluid according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described drilling fluid also comprises alkali and/or salt.
3. drilling fluid according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described salt is sodium-chlor and/or Repone K, is preferably sodium-chlor; Described alkali is magnesium oxide and/or calcium oxide, is preferably magnesium oxide.
4. drilling fluid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described high temperature resistance treated starch prepares by the following method: comprise ative starch to be dissolved in low-carbon alcohol and prepare 15-25wt% starch suspension, the 3-10wt% chloroacetic acid solution of 1 ~ 2 weight part is first added in the starch suspension of 3 ~ 4 weight parts, after add the catalyst solution of the 4-11wt% of totally 2 ~ 3 weight parts at twice, and the catalyst solution weight added first accounts for 1/8 ~ 3/8 of catalyst solution gross weight, after adding catalyst solution first, mixture is reacted 1 ~ 48h at 40 ~ 70 DEG C, then add remaining catalyst solution and continue reaction 0.5 ~ 24h at 40 ~ 70 DEG C, reaction terminates rear acid and solution ph is neutralized to 7.5 ~ 9, with dry after low-carbon alcohol washing.
5. drilling fluid according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described ative starch is selected from least one in W-Gum, potato starch and tapioca (flour); Described low-carbon alcohol is selected from least one in methyl alcohol, ethanol and Virahol; Described chloroacetic acid solution is the chloroacetic aqueous solution or alcoholic solution; Described catalyzer is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, and described catalyst solution is aqueous catalyst solution or alcoholic solution.
6. drilling fluid according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described reductive agent be selected from S-WAT, sodium bisulfite, Sulfothiorine, Tetramethyl Ethylene Diamine, iron protochloride and cuprous chloride one or more, be preferably S-WAT.
7. drilling fluid according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the particle diameter of described calcium carbonate superfine powder is 5-60 micron, more preferably uses the calcium carbonate that two kinds of particle diameters are 5-20 micron and 30-60 micron simultaneously.
8. the drilling fluid according to any one of claim 2 to 6, it is characterized in that, the each component concentration of described drilling fluid calculates with add-on in every 500ml water, is salt 20-150g, xanthan gum 1-2.5g, high temperature resistance treated starch 2.5-7.5g, calcium carbonate superfine powder 30-70g, alkali 0.5-1g and reductive agent 1-2g.
9. the drilling fluid according to any one of claim 3 to 7, it is characterized in that, the each component concentration of described drilling fluid calculates with add-on in every 500ml water, is sodium-chlor 20-150g, xanthan gum 1-2.5g, high temperature resistance treated starch 2.5-7.5g, the particle diameter calcium carbonate 15-35g that is 5-20 micron, particle diameter be 30-60 micron calcium carbonate 15-35g, magnesium oxide 0.5-1g and S-WAT 1-2g.
10. the preparation method of the drilling fluid according to any one of claim 2 to 7, comprise and selectively add salt and/or alkali in water, then add xanthan gum and high temperature resistance treated starch successively, add calcium carbonate superfine powder and S-WAT after fully swelling, be finally uniformly mixed.
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| CN201410076520.0A CN104893689A (en) | 2014-03-04 | 2014-03-04 | Clay-free drilling fluid |
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| CN201410076520.0A CN104893689A (en) | 2014-03-04 | 2014-03-04 | Clay-free drilling fluid |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN108531149A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-09-14 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | A kind of water base drilling liquid and its preparation method and application |
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