CN104891742A - Ecological-chemical method for controlling release of shallow-water deposit phosphorus and application - Google Patents
Ecological-chemical method for controlling release of shallow-water deposit phosphorus and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN104891742A CN104891742A CN201510299078.2A CN201510299078A CN104891742A CN 104891742 A CN104891742 A CN 104891742A CN 201510299078 A CN201510299078 A CN 201510299078A CN 104891742 A CN104891742 A CN 104891742A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological-chemical method for controlling release of shallow-water deposit phosphorus and application. The ecological-chemical method comprises the steps of: adding ferric salt to water bodies in which the content of phosphor needs to be controlled, planting submerged plants in the water bodies for assistance, and fixing bottom mud by using the submerged plants and providing aerobic environments, and stably controlling phosphor and iron phosphate in the deposits. The ecological-chemical method has the advantages that (1) compared with a traditional method adopting flocculating agent addition, the ecological-chemical method also provides ecological environments; (2) compared with a traditional method adopting submerged plant plantation, the submerged plants adopted in the ecological-chemical method do not need to be tended, and the economic cost is low; and (3) the ecological-chemical method is time-saving, labor-saving, economical, durable and stable. Therefore, the ecological-chemical method provided by the invention is particularly suitable for repairing ecological environments of shallow lakes.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic ecosystem injury survey, particularly a kind of ecology-chemical method and application controlling shallow-water deposit thing Phosphurus release.
Background technology
Phosphorus is the critical nutrients element affecting body eutrophication.Although affect the mechanism more complicated of alga eruption, phosphorus is still the limitative nutrient of water body planktonic algae, and the nutritional profile in its water body content and lake is closely related.It is generally acknowledged when the concentration of water systems'phosphorus is at 0.02mg/L
-1time above, just can play obvious promoter action to the Eutrophic Extent of water body.In water body, the source of phosphorus can be divided into exogenous phosphorus and endogenous phosphorus.The channel that external source phosphorus enters water body mainly contains the use and culture fishery etc. of a large amount of discharges of sanitary sewage, industrial pollution, agrochemical.The long-term input of external source phosphorus and the deposition of hydrobiont residue cause the settling of the water body such as river, lake to form a phosphorus storehouse, and phosphorus wherein and the phosphorus of water body exchange, the internal loading of Here it is phosphorus.The input of external source phosphorus reduces by cutting the modes such as dirt, pre-treatment.Along with the increasing of environment supervision, external source phosphorus pollutes and is controlled, and sedimental phosphorus and Endogenous Phosphorus progressively can increase release, become the dominant factor of lake eutrophication under certain condition.
Bound phosphorus (Endogenous Phosphorus) in bed mud, mainly exists with the form of inorganic phosphorus and organophosphorus, and the phosphorus of these different shapes is in its release characteristics, biological effectiveness and have very large difference in the affecting of body eutrophication.Organophosphorus is not easily directly absorbed by waterplant such as algae, can only under the effect of microorganism, mineralising is decomposed into the active soluble phosphorus be easily absorbed by plants, and transfers in liquid phase by solid phase, cause Nutrition level to increase, its rate of release and microbic activity closely related.Inorganic phosphorus (IP) is divided into weakly stable state phosphorus (NH
4cl-P), reducible state phosphorus (Fe-P), metal oxide bound phosphorus (Al-P), calcium bound phosphorus (Ca-P), residual form phosphorus (Res-P).China's Endogenous Phosphorus mainly exists with inorganic states, generally accounts for more than 60% of total phosphorus.Wherein calcium phosphorus, aluminium phosphorus etc. are difficult release state phosphorus, less to Eutrophic Extent contribution; Iron phosphorus is due to the impact of oxidated reduction potential, more unstable; Weakly stable state is then least stable, is exchanging at any time with water systems'phosphorus.The release of Endogenous Phosphorus mainly comes from the release of weakly stable state phosphorus and iron phosphorus.Weakly stable state phosphorus is easy to be dissolved in sediment interstitial water, can directly and water body exchange.In most lake, larger concentration gradient is had between settling overlying water and interstitial water, in interstitial water, phosphorus concentration is generally than high about 5 to 20 times of overlying water, for the driving force of phosphorus, this concentration gradient result also in phosphorus from the release settling, defines by water/sediment interface upwards to the diffusion of overlying water.
At present, for reducing endogenous Phosphurus release to the method in water body mainly: the characteristic utilizing submerged plant to absorb phosphorus growth reduces the content of endogenous phosphorus; Or use the stable firmly endogenous phosphorus of conventional flocculant.But former approach needs to gather in submerged plant, waste time and energy, and phosphor-removing effect is not good; The latter's consumption is large, and stable firmly phosphorus adds again the composition being unfavorable for environment protection.Therefore, need a kind of not only environmental protection badly, but also internal phosphorus release can be controlled better to the method in water body.
Summary of the invention
Primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is that the shortcoming overcoming prior art is with not enough, provides a kind of ecology-chemical method controlling shallow-water deposit thing Phosphurus release.
Another object of the present invention is to the application of ecology-chemical method that described control shallow-water deposit thing Phosphurus release is provided.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of ecology-chemical method controlling shallow-water deposit thing Phosphurus release, add molysite in the water body of phosphorus content to be controlled, and be aided with plant planting submerged plant in water body, utilize submerged plant by bed mud set and aerobic environment is provided, phosphorus and iron phosphorus stabilizer are controlled in settling.
Ecology-the chemical method of described control shallow-water deposit thing Phosphurus release, preferably comprise following concrete steps: by sedimental inorganic phosphorus and iron phosphorus content in the water body that detects phosphorus content to be controlled, in water, molysite is added according to certain ratio, treat that the flocculation reaction in water body stops, when transparency is improved, in water body, plant planting submerged plant.
The water body of described phosphorus content to be controlled comprises pond, shallow lake etc., and be preferably shallow lake, shallow lake generally refers to the lake of the degree of depth within 6 meters; Be more preferably inorganic phosphorus: the shallow lake that the mol ratio of iron phosphorus is less than 15.
Described submerged plant is preferably spike watermifoil.
The add-on of described molysite is determined according to following calculating formula:
Z ∈ (15 ∑ X
i, 15 ∑ X
i+ 14 ∑ Y
i); Xi is the value of weakly stable state phosphorus, and Yi is the value of iron phosphorus, and i is the degree of depth, and Z is the mole number of molysite.
Described molysite is trivalent iron salt, is preferably iron(ic) chloride.
The implantation time of described spike watermifoil is preferably and completes March ~ July; Planting density is 5 ~ 50 strains/m
2.
The method of described detection can be ordinary method, preferably adopts inorganics phosphorus and the iron phosphorus of SEDEX grading extraction method Multi-layer technology lake sediment.
Described is as follows by the concrete steps of SEDEX grading extraction method: beat 10cm settling post; Utilize MgCl
2extract weakly stable state phosphorus, obtain Xi, i is the degree of depth; Utilize CBD (Trisodium Citrate-sodium bicarbonate-V-Brite B) to extract iron phosphorus, obtain Yi, i is the degree of depth; The extraction of every one-level phosphorus extracts threshold value repeatedly, then continues next stage extraction.
Ecology-the chemical method of described control shallow-water deposit thing Phosphurus release is particularly suitable for repairing shallow lake ecotope.
The present invention has following advantage and effect relative to prior art:
(1) compared with the method adding flocculation agent with routine, present invention also offers ecotope, the large volume production oxygen of spike watermifoil photosynthesis, iron phosphorus can be made more stable in settling, the root system of its prosperity is by bed mud set, also greatly reduce the settling flux of bed mud, pin sediment phosphorus further.Therefore, the effect brought of the present invention is more stable and lasting.
(2) compared with general planting submerged plant.The dephosphorization of general planting submerged plant, utilize submerged plant to absorb the characteristic of phosphorus growth, submerged plant needs harvesting, waste time and energy, and compared with the total amount of sediment phosphorus, the phosphorus an utterly inadequate amount removed, effect does not show.And the present invention is using submerged plant as medium, main effect is root system set, and provides oxygen environment, and without the need to arranging, Financial cost is low.
(3) principle of the invention is that the phosphorus reducing settling and water body exchanges, and control shallow lake sediment phosphorus is to the deposition also reducing water systems'phosphorus while water body discharges, and the concentration of water systems'phosphorus remains on a lower scope.Thus the present invention is time saving and energy saving, economy lasting stability.Spike watermifoil has the feature of not herded food by fish, and lake can maintain must fish biomass, compared with other submerged plant dephosphorization methods, does not need to fish for fish.Can fish farming be carried out in lake, thus bring extra economic benefit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
In certain colleges and universities of selection south, shallow lake is as experiment lake, this lake mean length 148.5m, wide 31.2m, total area 4633.2m
2, mean depth 0.7cm, all round closure, main lake water supply source is surface rain.Total phosphorus in water content is 0.230 mg/litre, and settling and water systems'phosphorus exchange and maintain higher level, belong to eutrophic lake.
Following concrete implementation step is taked in the improvement of the present invention to this lake:
(1) this lake sediment content of inorganic phosphorus is investigated: beat 10cm settling post.Adopt SEDEX grading extraction method Multi-layer technology Phosphorus in Lake Sediment (operating by the step of document " Kathleen C.Ruttenberg.Development of a sequential extraction method for different forms of phosphorus in marine sediments.Limnology and Oceanography.Vol.37; No.7 (Nov.; 1992), pp.1460-1482. ").Main program is, MgCl
2(value is X to extract weakly stable state phosphorus
i, i is the degree of depth), CBD (Trisodium Citrate-sodium bicarbonate-V-Brite B) extracts iron phosphorus, and (value is Y
i, i is the degree of depth).Each level extracts threshold value repeatedly, then continues next stage extraction.The value of the weakly stable state phosphorus in this shallow lake settling is 5.84g/m
2, iron phosphorus value is 10.9g/m
2.
(2) determine to drop into tri-chlorination iron: drop into iron trichloride mole number Z ∈ (15 ∑ X
i, 15 ∑ X
i+ 14 ∑ Y
i) between.By calculating, this lake is dropped into molysite amount and be should be 87.6g/m
2~ 240.8g/m
2.
(3) iron trichloride is evenly dropped in lake.This embodiment drops into molysite twice altogether, and the amount of the iron trichloride that first time drops into is 50g/m
2.After stablizing a couple of days, measure the total phosphorus concentration, water body total phosphorus adopts Ammonium Molybdate Spectrophotometric Method for Determination.The amount of the iron trichloride that second time drops into is 150g/m
2.
(4) after water body is stable, plantation spike watermifoil, planting density is 5-50 strain/m
2.
(5) in the invention process process, after molysite drops into for the first time, water body total phosphorous drops to below 0.100 mg/litre from 0.230 mg/litre, after second time molysite drops into, water body total phosphorous continues to drop to 0.030 mg/litre, reaches the standard of category-A country landscape water.After the invention process, the monitoring continuing a year shows, water body total phosphorous remains on below 0.030 mg/litre level, and water body is so clear that you can see the bottom, has no eutrophication situation and occurs.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from spirit of the present invention and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. one kind controls the ecology-chemical method of shallow-water deposit thing Phosphurus release, it is characterized in that comprising the steps: to be add molysite in the water body of phosphorus content to be controlled, and be aided with plant planting submerged plant in water body, utilize submerged plant by bed mud set and aerobic environment is provided, phosphorus and iron phosphorus stabilizer are controlled in settling.
2. control the ecology-chemical method of shallow-water deposit thing Phosphurus release according to claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising the steps: sedimental inorganic phosphorus and iron phosphorus content in the water body by detecting phosphorus content to be controlled, in water, molysite is added according to certain ratio, treat that the flocculation reaction in water body stops, when transparency is improved, in water body, plant planting submerged plant.
3. according to claim 1 or 2, control the ecology-chemical method of shallow-water deposit thing Phosphurus release, it is characterized in that: the water body of described phosphorus content to be controlled is shallow lake.
4. control the ecology-chemical method of shallow-water deposit thing Phosphurus release according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described shallow lake is inorganic phosphorus: the shallow lake that the mol ratio of iron phosphorus is less than 15.
5. according to claim 1 or 2, control the ecology-chemical method of shallow-water deposit thing Phosphurus release, it is characterized in that: described submerged plant is spike watermifoil.
6. control the ecology-chemical method of shallow-water deposit thing Phosphurus release according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the implantation time of described spike watermifoil is complete March ~ July; Planting density is 5 ~ 50 strains/m
2.
7. according to claim 1 or 2, control the ecology-chemical method of shallow-water deposit thing Phosphurus release, it is characterized in that: the add-on of described molysite is determined according to following calculating formula:
Z ∈ (15 ∑ X
i, 15 ∑ X
i+ 14 ∑ Y
i); Xi is the value of weakly stable state phosphorus, and Yi is the value of iron phosphorus, and i is the degree of depth, and Z is the mole number of molysite;
Described molysite is trivalent iron salt.
8. control the ecology-chemical method of shallow-water deposit thing Phosphurus release according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the method for described detection is SEDEX grading extraction method.
9. control the ecology-chemical method of shallow-water deposit thing Phosphurus release according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described is as follows by the concrete steps of SEDEX grading extraction method: beat 10cm settling post; Utilize MgCl
2extract weakly stable state phosphorus, obtain Xi, i is the degree of depth; Utilize Trisodium Citrate-sodium bicarbonate-V-Brite B to extract iron phosphorus, obtain Yi, i is the degree of depth; The extraction of every one-level phosphorus extracts threshold value repeatedly, then continues next stage extraction.
10. control the application of the ecology-chemical method of shallow-water deposit thing Phosphurus release described in any one of claim 1 ~ 9, it is characterized in that: the ecology-chemical method of described control shallow-water deposit thing Phosphurus release is used for repairing shallow lake ecotope.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN106311129A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-11 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Preparation method and application of efficient removing materials for interstitial water phosphate of sediments |
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Application publication date: 20150909 |