CN104887466A - Visual blind spot demonstration and para-central fixation training instrument - Google Patents

Visual blind spot demonstration and para-central fixation training instrument Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104887466A
CN104887466A CN201510245630.XA CN201510245630A CN104887466A CN 104887466 A CN104887466 A CN 104887466A CN 201510245630 A CN201510245630 A CN 201510245630A CN 104887466 A CN104887466 A CN 104887466A
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lamp
fixing
training
training lamp
fixing training
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CN104887466B (en
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杨国庆
陈涛
张作明
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Fourth Military Medical University FMMU
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Fourth Military Medical University FMMU
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Abstract

The invention relates to a visual blind spot demonstration and para-central fixation training instrument. The visual blind spot demonstration and para-central fixation training instrument at least comprises a red fixation lamp, a first fixed training lamp, a second fixed training lamp, a third fixed training lamp, a fourth fixed training lamp, a fifth fixed training lamp, a mobile training lamp, a sliding rail and a wireless control circuit; the red fixation lamp, the first fixed training lamp, the second fixed training lamp, the third fixed training lamp, the fourth fixed training lamp, the mobile training lamp and the fifth fixed training lamp are arranged from left to right in turn to be fixed on a fixing frame body; light-emitting center line angles of the first fixed training lamp, the second fixed training lamp, the third fixed training lamp, the fourth fixed training lamp, the fifth fixed training lamp and the mobile training lamp are different from each other, wherein the light-emitting center line angles of the first fixed training lamp, the second fixed training lamp, the third fixed training lamp, the fourth fixed training lamp and the fifth fixed training lamp are fixed; the mobile training lamp is fixed on an angle adjustment mechanism. According to the visual blind spot demonstration and para-central fixation training instrument, the target search capability of the flight personnel at night is improved.

Description

The demonstration of vision blind spot and paracentral fixation instrument for training
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of flight trainer, particularly a kind of vision blind spot demonstration and paracentral fixation instrument for training.
Background technology
Night-flying training is the important means that combat effectiveness of the troops generates, noctovision more and more receives the concern of aviation medicine worker, along with the reduction of ambient light illumination, the physiological mechanism of vision there occurs very large change, the visual performance between noctovision and daytime is caused to differ widely, the former depends primarily on the function of rod cell, and the latter depends primarily on the function of cone cell, cone cell department high light and color are felt, about there are 7,000,000, mainly concentrate on macular area, and only have cone cell at center recess, the neuronic transmission in this district connects in single line again, therefore vision is very sharp, and namely cone cell density significantly reduces after leaving central fovea, play a role during its main bright light environments.The rod cell department low light level and achromatic vision, about have 1.2*10 8individual, rod cell center recess lack as, start occur and increase gradually apart from central fovea about 2 °, the most intensive at about 10-25 °, then reduce gradually again to periphery.Just because of characteristic and the characteristic distributions of photoreceptor cell,photosensory cell, cause the feature that noctovision is exclusive, namely there are two blind spots in it, and one is night vision centrocecal scotoma, and two is intrinsic physiological blind spot.When the threshold value of environmental light brightness lower than cone cell, during eyes direct-view target, because center recess ignores rod cell, within the scope of central region 1 °, there is a blind spot for this reason, be referred to as night vision centrocecal scotoma.And aircrew is when night flying search target, get used to direct-view target and go to find, and target easily drops on blind spot exactly when looking at straight.Physiological blind spot is then because on retina, optic nerve leaves retina, goes out eyeball position to visual centre transmission, and herein without photoreceptor cell,photosensory cell, therefore the visual field is rendered as intrinsic dark space, the position of blind spot is about 3mm place at the nasal side at macula lutea center, and it exists all the time.Due to two things soon time normal, side blind spot can be compensated by offside vision, so aircrew does not perceive in the visual field of oneself have a place without the region of visual experience.But under special circumstances, as an an eye line be blocked time, can occur.But lack effective training equipment and method all the time, cause most of aircrew can not recognize the existence of these two blind spots, this is for flight, and danger is extremely fatal.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve noctovision physiologic training Problems existing, the invention provides the demonstration of a kind of vision blind spot and paracentral fixation instrument for training, can effectively help aircrew to recognize physiological blind spot and the cecocentral existence of night vision, for it provides the training the most effectively watching mode (paracentral fixation) attentively, to improve the fighting capacity of aircrew's night search target capability and night flying.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of vision blind spot demonstration and paracentral fixation instrument for training, it is characterized in that: at least comprise red watch lamp, first fixing training lamp, second fixing training lamp, 3rd fixing training lamp, 4th fixing training lamp, 5th fixing training lamp, mobile training lamp, slide rail and radio control circuit, red watch lamp, first fixing training lamp, second fixing training lamp, 3rd fixing training lamp, 4th fixing training lamp, mobile training lamp, 5th fixing training lamp arranges from left to right successively respectively and is fixed on fixing bracket body, first fixing training lamp, the second fixing training lamp, the 3rd fixing training lamp, the 4th fixing training lamp, the 5th fixing training lamp, mobile training lamp illuminated centerline have different angles, wherein the first fixing training lamp, the second fixing training lamp, the 3rd fixing training lamp, the 4th fixing training lamp, the 5th fixing training lamp are fixed angle, and mobile training lamp is fixed on angle adjusting mechanism.
Described first fixing training lamp, the second fixing training lamp, the 3rd fixing training lamp, the 4th fixing training lamp, the angle that the 5th fixing training lamp is corresponding with the optical axis are respectively 0o, 5o, 10o, 15o, 20o, and its angular error is ± 10%.
The angle that described mobile training lamp is corresponding with the optical axis is 15-20o.
Described first fixing training lamp, the second fixing training lamp, the 3rd fixing training lamp, the 4th fixing training lamp, the 5th fixing training lamp are respectively 0cm, 26cm, 53cm, 80cm and 106cm apart from the distance of red watch lamp, and its range error is ± 10%.
Described mobile training lamp is in the 4th fixing training lamp and the 5th fixing track of training between lamp.
Described red watch lamp, the first fixing training lamp, the second fixing training lamp, the 3rd fixing training lamp, the 4th fixing training lamp, the 5th fixing training lamp, mobile training lamp have neutral-density filter to carry out dim light process respectively, make its illumination be 10 -2lx ± 10%.
Described red watch lamp, the first fixing training lamp, the second fixing training lamp, the 3rd fixing training lamp, the 4th fixing training lamp, the 5th fixing training lamp, mobile training lamp are electrically connected with radio control circuit respectively, control by radio control circuit.
Described radio control circuit comprises wireless receiving circuit, processor and on-off circuit, wireless receiving circuit is electrically connected with the interface of processor, processor by I/O mouth respectively with red watch lamp, first fixing training lamp, second fixing training lamp, 3rd fixing training lamp, 4th fixing training lamp, 5th fixing training lamp, the on-off circuit control end electrical connection of mobile training lamp, in power supply and red watch lamp, first fixing training lamp, second fixing training lamp, 3rd fixing training lamp, 4th fixing training lamp, 5th fixing training lamp, point serial connection on-off circuit between mobile training lamp, processor reads wireless command can control red watch lamp respectively, first fixing training lamp, second fixing training lamp, 3rd fixing training lamp, 4th fixing training lamp, 5th fixing training lamp, mobile training lamp is in closedown and duty, such radio control circuit can make operator's remote control open or close the first fixing training lamp, the second fixing training lamp, the 3rd fixing training lamp, the 4th fixing training lamp, the 5th fixing training lamp, mobile training lamp.
Described mobile training lamp is positioned at slide rail, and its angle carries out angular adjustment by angle adjusting mechanism within 15-20o, for demonstrating vision physiological blind spot.
The demonstration of vision blind spot and a using method for paracentral fixation instrument for training, use step:
1) open red watch lamp, advise experimenter to watch red light attentively;
2) turn on the first fixing training lamp, can inquiry experimenter discover, and closes the first fixing training lamp;
3) turn on the second fixing training lamp, can inquiry experimenter discover, and closes the second fixing training lamp;
4) turn on the 3rd fixing training lamp, can inquiry experimenter discover, and closes the 3rd fixing training lamp;
5) turn on the 4th fixing training lamp, can inquiry experimenter discover, and closes the 4th fixing training lamp;
6) turn on the 5th fixing training lamp, can inquiry experimenter discover, and closes the 5th fixing training lamp;
7) be first placed on the left of slide rail by movement training lamp, turn on mobile training lamp, can inquiry experimenter discover, and moves right gradually, inquire that can experimenter discover, be caused by physiological blind spot if can not discover in moving process along track, closes mobile training lamp;
8) turn on all training lamps, the brightness of which lamp of inquiry experimenter is the most obvious simultaneously.Then all training lamps are closed.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, physiological blind spot and the cecocentral existence of night vision is recognized due to aircrew can be helped, thus go consciously to evade two blind spots, paracentral fixation training can be carried out simultaneously, allow aircrew grasp the method for paracentral fixation, effectively improve night flying safety and night operations ability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is embodiment of the present invention structural representation;
Fig. 2 is embodiment of the present invention control circuit figure.
In figure: 1. red watch lamp, 2. the first fixing training lamp, 3. the second fixing training lamp, 4. the 3rd fixing training lamp, 5. the 4th fixing training lamp, 6. the 5th fixing training lamp, 7. move training lamp, 8. radio control circuit, 9. optical filter, 10. slide rail, 11. fixing bracket bodies, 12. wireless receiving circuits, 13. processors, 14. on-off circuits, 15. power supplys.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of vision blind spot demonstration and paracentral fixation instrument for training, at least comprise the fixing training lamp 3 of red watch lamp 1, first fixing training lamp 2, second, the 3rd fixing training lamp 4, the 4th fixing training lamp 5, the 5th fixing training lamp 6, mobile training lamp 7, slide rail 10 and radio control circuit 8, the fixing training lamp 3 of red watch lamp 1, first fixing training lamp 2, second, the 3rd fixing training lamp 4, the 4th fixing training lamp 5, mobile training lamp 7, the 5th fixing training lamp 6 arrange from left to right successively respectively and are fixed on fixing bracket body 11; First fixing training lamp 2, second fixing training lamp 3, the 3rd fixing training lamp 4, the 4th fixing training lamp 5, the 5th fixing training lamp 6, mobile training lamp 7 illuminated centerline have different angles, wherein the first fixing training lamp 2, second fixing training lamp 3, the 3rd fixing training lamp 4, the 4th fixing training lamp 5, the 5th fixing training lamp 6 are fixed angle, mobile training lamp 7 is fixed on angle adjusting mechanism, and angle adjusting mechanism is positioned at track rear.
Angle adjusting mechanism is spherical cavity, and mobile training lamp 7 is spherical shell, and spherical shell is placed in spherical cavity.
Angle adjusting mechanism is universal drive shaft, and mobile training lamp 7 housing is fixed by universal drive shaft.
First fixing training lamp 2, second fixing training lamp 3, the 3rd fixing training lamp 4, the 4th fixing training lamp 5, the angle that the 5th fixing training lamp 6 is corresponding with the optical axis are respectively 0o, 5o, 10o, 15o, 20o, and its angular error is ± 10%.
The angle that mobile training lamp 7 is corresponding with the optical axis is 15-20o.
First fixing training lamp 2, second fixing training lamp 3, the 3rd fixing training lamp 4, the 4th fixing training lamp 5, the 5th fixing training lamp 6 are respectively 0cm, 26cm, 53cm, 80cm and 106cm apart from the distance of red watch lamp 1, and its range error is ± 10%.
Mobile training lamp 7 is in the 4th fixing training lamp 5 and the 5th fixing track of training between lamp 6.
The fixing training lamp 3 of red watch lamp 1, first fixing training lamp 2, second, the 3rd fixing training lamp 4, the 4th fixing training lamp 5, the 5th fixing training lamp 6, mobile training lamp 7 have neutral-density filter to carry out dim light process respectively, make its illumination be 10 -2lx ± 10%.
The fixing training lamp 3 of red watch lamp 1, first fixing training lamp 2, second, the 3rd fixing training lamp 4, the 4th fixing training lamp 5, the 5th fixing training lamp 6, mobile training lamp 7 are electrically connected with radio control circuit 8 respectively, control by radio control circuit 8.
As shown in Figure 2, radio control circuit 8 comprises wireless receiving circuit 12, processor 13 and on-off circuit 14, in power supply 15 and red watch lamp 1, first fixing training lamp 2, second fixing training lamp 3, 3rd fixing training lamp 4, 4th fixing training lamp 5, 5th fixing training lamp 6, point serial connection on-off circuit 14 between mobile training lamp 7, the wireless command that processor 13 is received by interface reading wireless receiving circuit 12, red watch lamp 1 is controlled respectively according to order, first fixing training lamp 2, second fixing training lamp 3, 3rd fixing training lamp 4, 4th fixing training lamp 5, 5th fixing training lamp 6, mobile training lamp 7 is in closedown or duty.Red watch lamp 1, first fixing training lamp 2, second fixing training lamp 3, 3rd fixing training lamp 4, 4th fixing training lamp 5, 5th fixing training lamp 6, mobile training lamp 7 controls by the relay switch in on-off circuit 14 respectively, processor 13 is in turned on or off by controlling audion, corresponding relay is driven by audion, such radio control circuit 8 can make operator's remote control open or close the first fixing training lamp 2, second fixing training lamp 3, 3rd fixing training lamp 4, 4th fixing training lamp 5, 5th fixing training lamp 6, mobile training lamp 7 works.
Mobile training lamp 7 is positioned at slide rail 10, and its angle carries out angular adjustment by angle adjusting mechanism within 15-20o, for demonstrating vision physiological blind spot.
Use step of the present invention (for right eye temporo side):
1. open red watch lamp 1, advise experimenter to watch red light attentively.
2. turn on the first fixing training lamp 2, can inquiry experimenter discover, and closes the first fixing training lamp 2.
3. turn on the second fixing training lamp 3, can inquiry experimenter discover, and closes the second fixing training lamp 3.
4. turn on the 3rd fixing training lamp 4, can inquiry experimenter discover, and closes the 3rd fixing training lamp 4.
5. turn on the 4th fixing training lamp 5, can inquiry experimenter discover, and closes the 4th fixing training lamp 5.
6. turn on the 5th fixing training lamp 6, can inquiry experimenter discover, and closes the 5th fixing training lamp 6.
7. be first placed on the left of slide rail 11 by movement training lamp, turn on mobile training lamp 7, can inquiry experimenter discover, move right gradually along track, inquire in moving process that can experimenter discover, be caused by physiological blind spot if can not discover, close mobile training lamp 7; This step is mainly for demonstrating the existence of physiological blind spot.
8. turn on all training lamps, the brightness of which lamp of inquiry experimenter is the most obvious simultaneously.Then all training lamps are closed; This step has individual comparison to allow the brightness of experimenter to different angles lamp, thus the necessity of paracentral fixation is described.
Use this instrument to carry out simple eye, during left eye, then need instrument to turn test.
The parts that the present embodiment does not describe in detail and circuit structure belong to the well-known components of the industry and common structure or conventional means, do not describe one by one here.

Claims (10)

1. a vision blind spot demonstration and paracentral fixation instrument for training, it is characterized in that: at least comprise red watch lamp (1), first fixing training lamp (2), second fixing training lamp (3), 3rd fixing training lamp (4), 4th fixing training lamp (5), 5th fixing training lamp (6), mobile training lamp (7), slide rail (10) and radio control circuit (8), red watch lamp (1), first fixing training lamp (2), second fixing training lamp (3), 3rd fixing training lamp (4), 4th fixing training lamp (5), mobile training lamp (7), 5th fixing training lamp (6) arranges from left to right successively respectively and is fixed on fixing bracket body (11), first fixing training lamp (2), the second fixing training lamp (3), the 3rd fixing training lamp (4), the 4th fixing training lamp (5), the 5th fixing training lamp (6), mobile training lamp (7) illuminated centerline have different angles, wherein the first fixing training lamp (2), the second fixing training lamp (3), the 3rd fixing training lamp (4), the 4th fixing training lamp (5), the 5th fixing training lamp (6) are fixed angle, and mobile training lamp (7) is fixed on angle adjusting mechanism.
2. a kind of vision blind spot demonstration according to claim 1 and paracentral fixation instrument for training, it is characterized in that: the described first fixing training lamp (2), the second fixing lamp (3), the 3rd fixing training lamp (4), the 4th fixing training lamp (5), the 5th angle of fixing training lamp (6) corresponding with the optical axis of training are respectively 0o, 5o, 10o, 15o, 20o, and its angular error is ± 10%.
3. a kind of vision blind spot demonstration according to claim 1 and paracentral fixation instrument for training, is characterized in that: the angle that described mobile training lamp (7) is corresponding with the optical axis is 15-20o.
4. a kind of vision blind spot demonstration according to claim 1 and paracentral fixation instrument for training, it is characterized in that: the described first fixing training lamp (2), the second fixing training lamp (3), the 3rd fixing training lamp (4), the 4th fixing training lamp (5), the 5th fixing training lamp (6) are respectively 0cm, 26cm, 53cm, 80cm and 106cm apart from the distance of red watch lamp (1), and its range error is ± 10%.
5. a kind of vision blind spot demonstration according to claim 1 and paracentral fixation instrument for training, is characterized in that: described mobile training lamp (7) is positioned at the 4th fixing training lamp (5) and the 5th fixing track of training between lamp (6).
6. a kind of vision blind spot demonstration according to claim 1 and paracentral fixation instrument for training, it is characterized in that: described red watch lamp (1), the first fixing training lamp (2), the second fixing training lamp (3), the 3rd fixing training lamp (4), the 4th fixing training lamp (5), the 5th fixing training lamp (6), mobile training lamp (7) have neutral-density filter to carry out dim light process respectively, make its illumination be 10 -2lx ± 10%.
7. a kind of vision blind spot demonstration according to claim 1 and paracentral fixation instrument for training, it is characterized in that: described red watch lamp (1), the first fixing training lamp (2), the second fixing training lamp (3), the 3rd fixing training lamp (4), the 4th fixing training lamp (5), the 5th fixing training lamp (6), mobile training lamp (7) are electrically connected with radio control circuit (8) respectively, control by radio control circuit (8).
8. a kind of vision blind spot demonstration according to claim 1 and paracentral fixation instrument for training, is characterized in that: described radio control circuit (8) comprises wireless receiving circuit (12), processor (13) and on-off circuit (14), wireless receiving circuit (12) is electrically connected with the interface of processor (13), processor (13) by I/O mouth respectively with red watch lamp (1), first fixing training lamp (2), second fixing training lamp (3), 3rd fixing training lamp (4), 4th fixing training lamp (5), 5th fixing training lamp (6), on-off circuit (14) the control end electrical connection of mobile training lamp (7), in power supply and red watch lamp (1), first fixing training lamp (2), second fixing training lamp (3), 3rd fixing training lamp (4), 4th fixing training lamp (5), 5th fixing training lamp (6), point serial connection on-off circuit between mobile training lamp (7), processor reads wireless command can control red watch lamp (1) respectively, first fixing training lamp (2), second fixing training lamp (3), 3rd fixing training lamp (4), 4th fixing training lamp (5), 5th fixing training lamp (6), mobile training lamp (7) is in closedown and duty, such radio control circuit (8) can make operator's remote control open or close the first fixing training lamp (2), the second fixing training lamp (3), the 3rd fixing training lamp (4), the 4th fixing training lamp (5), the 5th fixing training lamp (6), mobile training lamp (7).
9. a kind of vision blind spot demonstration according to claim 1 and paracentral fixation instrument for training, it is characterized in that: described mobile training lamp (7) is positioned at slide rail (10), its angle carries out angular adjustment by angle adjusting mechanism within 15-20o, for demonstrating vision physiological blind spot.
10. a kind of vision blind spot demonstration according to claim 1 and the using method of paracentral fixation instrument for training, is characterized in that: use step:
1) open red watch lamp, advise experimenter to watch red light attentively;
2) turn on the first fixing training lamp, can inquiry experimenter discover, and closes the first fixing training lamp;
3) turn on the second fixing training lamp, can inquiry experimenter discover, and closes the second fixing training lamp;
4) turn on the 3rd fixing training lamp, can inquiry experimenter discover, and closes the 3rd fixing training lamp;
5) turn on the 4th fixing training lamp, can inquiry experimenter discover, and closes the 4th fixing training lamp;
6) turn on the 5th fixing training lamp, can inquiry experimenter discover, and closes the 5th fixing training lamp;
7) be first placed on the left of slide rail by movement training lamp, turn on mobile training lamp, can inquiry experimenter discover, and moves right gradually, inquire that can experimenter discover, be caused by physiological blind spot if can not discover in moving process along track, closes mobile training lamp;
8) turn on all training lamps, the brightness of which lamp of inquiry experimenter is the most obvious simultaneously;
Then all training lamps are closed.
CN201510245630.XA 2015-05-14 2015-05-14 Visual blind spot demonstration and para-central fixation training instrument Active CN104887466B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107749228A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-03-02 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 A kind of night vision training scene sand table and its control method

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US20050128434A1 (en) * 2003-09-30 2005-06-16 Tsontcho Ianchulev Computerized virtual reflex perimetry
CN101849815A (en) * 2010-01-27 2010-10-06 苏州卫生职业技术学院 System and method for detecting blind spot diameter of retina of right eye
CN203854604U (en) * 2013-12-12 2014-10-01 中山菲柯特电子电器有限公司 Intelligent blind spot monitoring device for automobile
CN204814725U (en) * 2015-05-14 2015-12-02 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 Demonstration of vision blind spot and paracentral fixation training appearance

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5061059A (en) * 1989-02-23 1991-10-29 Gerald Horn Self-detection glaucoma test method
CN1194033A (en) * 1995-08-30 1998-09-23 1138037安大略有限公司A·L·I·R·T Thermal emitted radiation detecting device
US20050128434A1 (en) * 2003-09-30 2005-06-16 Tsontcho Ianchulev Computerized virtual reflex perimetry
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107749228A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-03-02 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 A kind of night vision training scene sand table and its control method

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