CN104885981A - Tidal-flat ladder type pond culture method of stichopus japonicus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a tidal-flat ladder type pond culture method of stichopus japonicus. The tidal-flat ladder type pond culture method comprises the following steps: a tidal-flat ladder type culture pond is dug, wherein the pond comprises an upper pond body and a lower deep groove, the longitudinal sides of the surface of the upper pond body point to north and south, and the length-to-width ratios of the longitudinal sides and the transverse sides are (5-10): 1; two opposite longitudinal sides of an opening of the deep groove are dug down respectively to form a two-stage slope; a stichopus japonicus chapeirao is arranged on a platform; stichopus japonicus seedlings are placed into the tidal-flat ladder type culture pond at the end of March to early April, wherein the average body length of the stichopus japonicus seedlings is 5-8 cm, the stichopus japonicus is harvested at the end of October to early November, and the culture cycle is seven months. The tidal-flat ladder type pond culture method is suitable for the tidal-flat stichopus japonicus ponds in yellow river delta and other similar environments, provides a method for the safety of stichopus japonicus in summer, ensures the healthy development of stichopus japonicus culture, and has good economic benefits.

Description

A kind of beach staged pond culture method for bechedemer

Technical field

The invention belongs to mariculture technology field, particularly relate to a kind of beach staged pond culture method for bechedemer.

Background technology

Stichopus japonicus is one of important economic species of northern China mariculture.Persistently overheating along with the market demand in recent years, the cultivation scale of stichopus japonicus is expanded rapidly with the increase of the market demand, except traditional apostichopus japonicus culture districts such as northern Shandong, the east area of the Liao River, coextensive with eastern and southern Liaoning Province be coastal, the apostichopus japonicus culture scale of the Yellow River Delta Tidal Flats such as other Shandong region Binzhou, non-traditional apostichopus japonicus culture area also grows up thereupon.This region Apostichopus japonicus in Ponds area has reached in 400,000 mu (200,000 mu, Kenli County, 100,000 mu, Hekou District, 100,000 mu, Binzhou) so far, and Apostichopus japonicus in Ponds has become the new industry in this region, optimizes the regional fishery industry industrial structure.

But Summer High Temperature brought many difficulties for the sustainable and healthy development of Delta Region of The Yellow River apostichopus japonicus culture industry in the ascendant in recent years.Summer in 2013, more than 35 DEG C, this area weather was more than two weeks, and apostichopus japonicus culture pond surface temperature can reach 34 DEG C, was in the extensive perish of stichopus japonicus of estivation period.This area's apostichopus japonicus culture lethality reaches more than 80%, and apostichopus japonicus culture producer loses huge, brings heavy blow to local beach apostichopus japonicus culture.

Yellow River Delta Tidal Flat Apostichopus japonicus in Ponds is most directly adopts traditional Apostichopus japonicus in Ponds pattern, and does not adjust according to the environmental weather conditions of locality.Conventional stichopus japonicus pond mostly is the flat pond of the rectangle depth of water 1.2 ~ 1.8 meters, and throw stone, brick and tile as reefglider stone, this pond pattern cannot provide suitable stable ecotope for stichopus japonicus under summer high temperature weather.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of beach staged pond culture method for bechedemer, being intended to solve existing pond culture pattern cannot for stichopus japonicus provides the problem of suitable stable ecotope under summer high temperature weather.

The present invention is achieved in that a kind of beach staged pond apostichopus japonicus culture method, comprises the following steps:

(1) dig and build beach staged cultivating pool, this pond comprises upper strata Chi Ti and lower floor's zanjon; Wherein, surface, pond, described upper strata is rectangle, and longitudinal edge points to north and south, longitudinal edge, widthwise edge Aspect Ratio (5 ~ 10): 1; One-level slope is dug out toward underground respectively, this pond, formation upper strata, one-level slope body pool wall from body two opposite longitudinal sides side, pond, upper strata; At the bottom of the pond of described upper strata Chi Ti, dig out longitudinal lower floor zanjon, the transverse opening width of this zanjon is less than pond, pond bottom width degree, and pond, the pond bottom part of this zanjon open side adjacent forms pond bottom platform; Described zanjon digs out secondary slope toward underground respectively from two opposite longitudinal sides sides of its opening part, and this secondary slope forms zanjon furrow bank; Wherein, the gradient on described one-level slope, secondary slope is 1: 5 (horizontal width 1 on slope and the ratio of vertical height h), and zanjon area accounts for 1/5 ~ 1/2 of the pond gross area;

Described platform place is provided with piles up 5 layers of heap of the reefglider to height overall 60 ~ 100cm by vertical profile porcelain tube reefglider, makes reef area and accounts for the pond gross area 15% ~ 20%.

(2) at the beginning of by the end of March to 4 month, in beach staged cultivating pool, seedling is put, the long 5 ~ 8cm of juvenile stichopus specification average body, results at the beginning of by the end of October to 11 month, 7 months culture-cycles.

Preferably, the longitudinal direction length of pond, described upper strata body rectangular surfaces is 400 ~ 1200 meters, and laterally wide is 80 ~ 120 meters;

Described zanjon is 1.5m from its opening to the vertical depth of its bottom of trench, and the transverse opening width of described zanjon is 20 ~ 30m;

Described porcelain tube format diameter 30cm, long 100cm, vertical profile is that two panels semicircle watt shape uses.

The present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of beach staged pond culture method for bechedemer is provided, feature of the present invention is: 1, beach staged cultivating pool is totally south-north direction, reduce face, the pond sunshine time, secondly when sun altitude reduces, the water surface that long limit keeps the sun off is more than minor face, is all conducive to less high water temperature accumulation in summer; 2, beach staged cultivating pool has abundanter regional ecological environment, and bottom is provided with zanjon, and the lower depth of water provides the habitat of lower temperature when hot weather for stichopus japonicus; A large amount of laying porcelain tube reefglider is not only stichopus japonicus and provides activity space more than at the bottom of pond, and is conducive to the growth of the Stichopus japonicus Selenka bait biologies such as the micro-algae of plankton; 3, beach staged cultivating pool by measures such as comprehensive regulation illumination, the depth of water, reefgliders for stichopus japonicus provides the habitat enriching multiselect, regulate planktonic growth in water temperature and pond simultaneously, for beach Apostichopus japonicus in Ponds, especially summer, apostichopus japonicus culture provided suitable ecotope.

Compared to the shortcoming and defect of prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect: the present invention is applicable to the like environment beach stichopus japonicus ponds such as the Huanghe delta, for apostichopus japonicus culture safe production in summer supplying method, ensure that apostichopus japonicus culture develops in a healthy way, there is good economic benefit.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the horizontal section structural representation of beach staged cultivating pool of the present invention.

Embodiment

In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.

The design of embodiment 1 beach staged cultivating pool

As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the horizontal section structural representation of beach staged cultivating pool of the present invention.

This pond comprises pond, upper strata body 1 and lower floor's zanjon 2; Wherein, body 1 surface in pond, described upper strata is rectangle, and longitudinal edge points to north and south, longitudinal edge, widthwise edge Aspect Ratio (5 ~ 10): 1; Dig out one-level slope 3 toward underground respectively from pond, upper strata body 1 liang of opposite longitudinal sides side, this one-level slope 3 forms pond, upper strata body pool wall; At the bottom of the pond of pond, described upper strata body 1, dig out longitudinal lower floor zanjon 2, the transverse opening width of this zanjon 2 is less than pond, pond bottom width degree, and pond, the pond bottom part of this zanjon 2 open side adjacent forms pond bottom platform d1, d2; Described zanjon 2 digs out secondary slope 4 toward underground respectively from two opposite longitudinal sides sides of its opening part, and this secondary slope 4 forms zanjon furrow bank; Wherein, the gradient (the horizontal width l on slope and the ratio of vertical height h) on described one-level slope 3, secondary slope 4 is 1: 5; It is 1/5S < s < 1/2S that zanjon 1 area s accounts for pond gross area S proportion;

Described platform d1, d2 place is provided with piles up 5 layers of heap of the reefglider to height overall 60 ~ 100cm by vertical profile porcelain tube reefglider, makes reef area s _jaccounting for pond gross area S proportion is 15%S < s _j< 20%S.Porcelain tube format diameter 30cm, long 100cm, vertical profile is that two panels semicircle watt shape uses.

Embodiment 2 beach staged pond culture method for bechedemer

Within (1) 2013 year, implement staged Apostichopus japonicus in Ponds pattern in Dongying river mouth beach area, 3 apostichopus japonicus culture ponds, wide 100 meters, long 600 meters, south-north direction;

(2) establish staged along pond longitudinal direction zanjon at the bottom of beach staged cultivating pool pond, dark 1.5m, wide 30m, the pool wall gradient 1: 5, pond cunette area accounts for 3/10 of the gross area at the bottom of pond, pond;

(3) lay porcelain tube reefglider, porcelain tube format diameter 30cm, long 100cm at the bottom of the high-rise pond of beach staged cultivating pool, vertical profile is two, piles up 5 layers for reefglider heap, makes reef area and account for the pond gross area 15%;

On April 2nd, (4) 2013 puts seedling, and the long 5.2cm of juvenile stichopus specification average body puts seedling amount 4000/mu, gathers in the crops, 7 months culture-cycles at the beginning of November 5,3 cultivating pools, 270 mu of results stichopus japonicus (large gauge juvenile stichopus) 35000kg.

The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. a beach staged pond apostichopus japonicus culture method, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

(1) dig and build beach staged cultivating pool, this pond comprises upper strata Chi Ti and lower floor's zanjon; Wherein, surface, pond, described upper strata is rectangle, and longitudinal edge points to north and south, longitudinal edge, widthwise edge Aspect Ratio (5 ~ 10): 1; One-level slope is dug out toward underground respectively, this pond, formation upper strata, one-level slope body pool wall from body two opposite longitudinal sides side, pond, upper strata; At the bottom of the pond of described upper strata Chi Ti, dig out longitudinal lower floor zanjon, the transverse opening width of this zanjon is less than pond, pond bottom width degree, and pond, the pond bottom part of this zanjon open side adjacent forms pond bottom platform; Described zanjon digs out secondary slope toward underground respectively from two opposite longitudinal sides sides of its opening part, and this secondary slope forms zanjon furrow bank; Wherein, the gradient on described one-level slope, secondary slope is 1: 5; Zanjon area accounts for 1/5 ~ 1/2 of the pond gross area;

Described platform place is provided with piles up 5 layers of heap of the reefglider to height overall 60 ~ 100cm by vertical profile porcelain tube reefglider, makes reef area and accounts for the pond gross area 15% ~ 20%.

(2) at the beginning of by the end of March to 4 month, in beach staged cultivating pool, seedling is put, the long 5 ~ 8cm of juvenile stichopus specification average body, results at the beginning of by the end of October to 11 month, 7 months culture-cycles.

2. beach staged pond as claimed in claim 1 apostichopus japonicus culture method, it is characterized in that, the longitudinal direction length of pond, described upper strata body rectangular surfaces is 400 ~ 1200 meters, and laterally wide is 80 ~ 120 meters;

Described zanjon is 1.5m from its opening to the vertical depth of its bottom of trench, and the transverse opening width of described zanjon is 20 ~ 30m;

Described porcelain tube format diameter 30cm, long 100cm, vertical profile is that two panels semicircle watt shape uses.