CN104880390B - A kind of measuring method of micro-and nano-particles performance parameter - Google Patents
A kind of measuring method of micro-and nano-particles performance parameter Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of measuring method of micro-and nano-particles performance parameter, including：Build the measuring system of a micro-and nano-particles performance parameter；The system includes detection vessel, thermostatic control adjuster, ultrasonic module, noise elimination module, signal analysis and processing module, using free micro-and nano-particles in the continuous phase medium of solid-liquid to the backscatter intensity of ultrasonic wave and incident intensity ratio, and the parameter such as acoustic pressure, particle concentration, particle size, dielectric viscosity, Media density obtains the feature mechanics parameter of particle to calculate；The method of the invention can realize that coefficient of elasticity and surface tension to micro-and nano-particles under same test system and test environment are accurately detected, relation for research coefficient of elasticity and surface tension provides accurate experimental data, thus can more in depth Knowing material characteristic, improve service life, the quality of material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the measurement of the feature mechanical property parameters of micro-and nano-particles, and in particular to a kind of micro-and nano-particles
The measuring method of energy parameter.
Background technology
The feature mechanical property parameters of micro-and nano-particles, particularly surface tension and coefficient of elasticity, the stability with particle
It is closely related.What by studying and detecting the feature mechanical property parameters of micro-and nano-particles, can preferably it study in condition
Under, micro-and nano-particles are most stable, and service life is most long, can also obtain particle in the presence of the external world, maximum Critical Stability
The important informations such as point, so as to by controlling external condition so that what particle can be stablized, are used for a long time.Nanometer material
Material refers to superfine particle molecular solid material of the material particles size in nanometer scale (being often referred to 1-100nm), generally draws
It is divided into two levels：Nanoparticle and nano-solid.Nano material recognizes since by people, is just closely connected with application one
Rise.The special effects of nano-particle result in the special nature of nano material, and these special natures bring nano material
Extensive use.At present, nano material is in the preparation of catalysis, environmental protection, energy industry and Novel engineering, magnetic and protective materials
In terms of waited until certain application.Nanosecond science and technology and electronics, medical science, biology, computer science and military science etc.
Cross slot interference, generates such as nanoelectronics, is nanometer titled with the new disciplines of nanometer prefix before traditional subject such as nanosecond medical science
Material shows more wide application prospect, therefore, by studying micro-and nano-particles, has huge for the development of micro Nano material
Big effect, at the same be also meet country give priority to object.
The common measuring method of existing particle surface tension force and coefficient of elasticity：
1st, particle surface tension detecting method：
(1) Contact-angle measurement method, the condition met in clean capillary during fluid balance is ρ gh π γ2=2 π r
γLAρ is fluid density in cos θ, formula, and h is liquid lifting height in capillary, and r is capillary radius, γLAIt is prepare liquid
Body surface tension coefficient, θ is the contact angle of liquid and capillary wall.Using laboratory apparatus provided above, by contact
Angle, the measurement of capillary caliber and the liquid lifting height in capillary, to determine the feature mechanical property of liquid under specified temp
Can parameter.
Shortcoming：The detection method is to apply the detection on solid-liquid interface, and is the detection of macromolecular, for
The other detection of micro/nano level and the detection of other contact surfaces, it is impossible to carry out.
(2) drop-weight method (drop-volume method), from-capillary water dropper dropping liquid when, the size of drop and the surface of liquid
Power is relevant, i.e., surface tension is bigger, and the drop dripped is also bigger, and the two has relational expression：
W=2 π R γ f (1)
γ=W/ (2 π Rf) (2)
In formula, W is the weight of drop；R is the dropping tip radius of capillary, and the size of its value is determined by measuring instrument；F is school
Positive coefficient.Droplet size is determined in common laboratory more convenient, therefore formula (2) can be written as again：
γ=(V ρ g/R) * (1/2 π f) (3)
In formula, V is droplet size；ρ is the density of liquid；F is correction factor.For specific measuring instrument and test solution
Body, R and ρ are fixed, in measurement process, as long as measuring the volume of few drops of liquid, so that it may calculate the surface of the liquid
Power.
Shortcoming：A. so far can only a kind of empirical method at last；B. it can not be used for determining the surface tension for reaching that balance is slower,
The method can not reach complete balance simultaneously；C. there is Accurate Determining liquid volume and well control drips speed etc.
Problem；D. in the case of being only applicable to liquid, simultaneously for the particle diameter of drop, it is impossible to meet micro/nano level other.
(3) capillary rise method, a capillary is inserted in liquid, liquid will rise along capillary, be raised to certain height
After degree, liquid is up to poised state inside and outside capillary, and liquid just no longer rises.Now, liquid level liquid is applied to
On pulling force and liquid it is total downward power it is equal, then the ρ of γ=1/21-ρgγ is surface tension in ghrcos θ formulas；R is capillary
Radius；H is the height of liquid level rising in capillary；ρ1To measure the density of liquid；ρgFor density (air and the steaming of gas
Vapour)；G is local acceleration of gravity；θ is the contact angle of liquid and tube wall.If capillary caliber very little, during and θ=0, then
Above formula can be reduced to the ρ ghr of γ=1/2.
Shortcoming：A. it is difficult to select to obtain the uniform capillary of internal diameter and Accurate Determining inner diameter values；B. the contact angle of liquid and tube wall
It is difficult measurement；C. the purity of solution can cause different degrees of influence to the measurement of surface tension.D. more liquid ability is needed
Level reference (it is generally acknowledged that diameter can just regard plane as in more than 10cm liquid levels) is obtained, so the determination of datum level may
Produce error；E. it is only applicable to the detection of liquid, it is impossible to for the detection of gas etc., and does not reach micro-nano rank.
At present, also many modern instrument methods, such as maximum bubble method differential maximum bubble pressure method, Wilhelmy
Disk method, drop profile method etc..But, above-mentioned all methods are the detections to the surface tension of liquid, it is impossible to realize micro-nano
The detection of level material particles surface tension.Moreover, this detection method, is simply confined under conditions of liquid gas, it is impossible to test it
Feature mechanical property parameters under his environment.
2nd, particle coefficient of elasticity detection method：
The coefficient of elasticity of AFM test material particle, AFM is referred to as AFM, i.e. Atomic Force
Microscope, in AFM system, the power to be detected is the Van der Waals force between atom and atom, so in the system
In be the variable quantity that power between atom is detected using small cantilever.Micro-cantilever is generally by a general 100-500um length and greatly
Silicon chip or nitridation silicon chip thick about 500nm-5um is made.There is a sharpened tip on micro-cantilever top, for detecting sample-needle point
Between interaction force, application of the power spectral curve obtained using AFM in biomedicine：After a cell is detected, root
According to the resistance run into, AFM will assign the power spectrum of the numerical value for showing dynamics, as particle, and the deformation for passing through particle
Situation, utilizes Young's modulus, it is possible to obtain corresponding coefficient of elasticity.
Shortcoming：AFM shortcoming is that areas imaging is too small, and speed is slow, is influenceed too big by popping one's head in.The detection method be
Detected in air, more accurately, but during detection fluid sample, due to the presence of solvent molecule, it will have a strong impact on the inspection of probe
Survey, it is impossible to ensure accuracy of detection, while the purpose of this project can not be reached, two detection limits can not be more linked together.
At present, for micro-and nano-particles, the micro-and nano-particles feature mechanics of free state is in particularly in liquid-phase system
The detection method of performance parameter, can not all provide reliable, accurate, accurate testing result, and many detection methods are for grain
Son lower size limit be all unable to reach micro/nano level, the restriction ratio by external environment condition is more serious, can application it is small.
The content of the invention
To solve problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of measurement side of micro-and nano-particles performance parameter
Method.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem is as follows：A kind of measurement side of micro-and nano-particles performance parameter
Method, comprises the following steps：
Step 10：The measuring system of a micro-and nano-particles performance parameter is built, the measuring system includes：
Detect vessel, the micro-and nano-particles to be detected for carrying；
Thermostatic control adjuster：Required temperature value is reached for controlling, adjusting the temperature in detection vessel；
Ultrasonic module, for ultrasonic wave to be launched to micro-and nano-particles, receives reflected by micro-and nano-particles and scattered super
Sound echo signal, and ultrasonic echo signal is transmitted to information analysis processing module；
Noise elimination module, for ultrasonic signal unnecessary in absorption detecting vessel；
Signal analysis and processing module, the backscattering of micro-and nano-particles is obtained for handling ultrasonic echo signal progress
Intensity, and feature based formula tries to achieve the surface tension and coefficient of elasticity of micro-and nano-particles；
Step 20：Micro-and nano-particles are prepared, and record micro-and nano-particles number, the concentration of micro-and nano-particles；
Step 30：The continuous phase medium of solid-liquid is placed into detection vessel, the temperature in vessel is adjusted by radiator valve
Required temperature is reached, after after temperature stabilization, the micro-and nano-particles are placed in the continuous phase medium of the solid-liquid, and maintains detection
Temperature is constant in vessel；
Step 40：Control ultrasonic module to send the ultrasonic wave of required frequency to micro-and nano-particles, record the acoustic pressure applied, it is real
When observe and record the radius change situations of micro-and nano-particles；
Step 50：Ultrasonic module receives the ultrasonic echo signal for being reflected by micro-and nano-particles and being scattered, and by ultrasonic wave
Echo-signal is transmitted to information analysis processing module；Ultrasonic echo signal is handled by signal analysis and processing module
The backscatter intensity of micro-and nano-particles；
Step 60：Signal analysis and processing module feature based formula tries to achieve surface tension and the elasticity system of micro-and nano-particles
Number.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, feature based formula tries to achieve the surface tension and coefficient of elasticity of micro-and nano-particles in the step S60, its
Specially：
Coefficient of elasticity KsCalculated by following characteristics formula (1) and (2)：
Wherein, IsFor micro-and nano-particles backscatter intensity, I is the intensity of incident acoustic wave, and N is the individual of micro-and nano-particles
Number, V is the volume of micro-and nano-particles, and ∑ S is effective scattering area of single scattering micro-and nano-particles, ρSFor micro-and nano-particles
Density, ρLFor the density of medium, K is air polytropic exponent, and R is the radius of the micro-and nano-particles changed over time；
Surface tension σ is provided by following characteristics formula (3) or characteristic formula (4) or characteristic formula (5)：
Wherein, ρLFor the density of medium, R is the radius of the particle changed over time, R0For the initial radium of particle, PVFor
The internal pressure of particle, ηLFor the dynamic viscosity of medium, POFor hydrostatic pressure, Pac(t) it is acoustic pressure, c is ultrasonic wave in medium
Speed, PG0For the pressure of inside particles.
Further, the ultrasonic module includes pulse generation receiver, sends transducer, receive transducer, preposition amplification
Device；The signal analysis and processing module includes oscillograph and computer；
The pulse generation receiver, it is used to provide driving voltage for the transmission transducer, and is put premenstrual greatly
The ultrasonic echo signal of device amplification is supplied to the oscillograph to be shown；
The transmission transducer, it is used to export the ultrasonic wave of corresponding frequencies to the micro-nano grain of rice according to the driving voltage
Son；
The receive transducer, it receives the ultrasonic echo signal for being reflected by micro-and nano-particles and being scattered, and will receive
Ultrasonic echo signal export to preamplifier and be amplified；
The computer, it is used to be read out the signal shown on oscillograph, obtained according to ultrasonic echo signal
The backscatter intensity of micro-and nano-particles, and feature based formula tries to achieve the surface tension and coefficient of elasticity of micro-and nano-particles.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned further technical scheme is：By by pulse transmitter-receiver, transmission/receive transducer,
The ultrasonic module of preamplifier composition, can launch and receive ultrasonic wave, realize the integration for receiving and launching, reduce
Unnecessary operation and the trouble of equipment, while the need for can be according to test, the supersonic frequency used in change at any time be realized
The detection of the ultrasonic wave of different frequency, meanwhile, the size of the critical applied external force of different particles can be detected, particle is determined
Critical value, when being detected, testing staff will not more be damaged.
Further, the detection vessel are cylindrical tank, and the transmission transducer and receive transducer are arranged on described
The top of cylindrical tank；The corresponding bottom for being placed in the cylindrical tank of the noise elimination module, for absorbing the circle
Unnecessary ultrasonic signal in cylindricality tank.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned further technical scheme is：Transducer, receive transducer will be sent relative with noise elimination module
The top and bottom for being arranged on cylindrical tank, make noise elimination module can be good at eliminate hum, clutter, improve and ensure inspection
The accuracy of survey.
Further, the noise elimination module is the deadeners such as sound eliminating tile or noise elimination cotton.
Further, the step S20 its be specially：Micro-and nano-particles are prepared by microfluidic control technology of preparing, using such as
The experimental facilities such as ultrahigh speed video camera, by the record prepared to micro-and nano-particles, draw micro-and nano-particles number, the micro-nano grain of rice
The concentration parameter of son.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned further technical scheme is：By micro-fluidic technology of preparing, micro-nano rank is reached, together
When ensure that the uniform sizes of most micro-and nano-particles, it is ensured that test particle has good unicity, also has, using micro-
Fluidics, can also change the size of particle, prepare different size of particle, the table for detecting different size of particle
Face tension force and coefficient of elasticity.
Further, the measuring method also comprises the following steps：
Step 70：Control ultrasonic module to send the ultrasonic wave of required frequency to micro-and nano-particles to be detected, pass through regulation
The acoustic pressure of ultrasonic wave, detects the critical point of micro-and nano-particles, the acoustic pressure of record now；The frequency of ultrasonic wave is adjusted, is detected
At different frequencies, acoustic pressure when micro-and nano-particles are in critical point；
Step 80：Temperature in vessel is adjusted by radiator valve, step 70 is repeated, determines under optimum condition
The critical point of micro-and nano-particles.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The method of the invention can be realized right under same test system and test environment
The coefficient of elasticity and surface tension of micro-and nano-particles are accurately detected that the relation for research coefficient of elasticity and surface tension is provided
Accurate experimental data, thus can more in depth Knowing material characteristic, improve service life, the quality of material.This hair
Bright to be detected using ultrasonic wave, ultrasonic wave tropism is good, and penetration capacity is strong, it is easy to obtain the acoustic energy relatively concentrated, can be in gas, liquid
There is effect spread in the media such as body, solid, solid solution；Very strong energy can be transmitted, reflection, interference, superposition and resonance can be produced existing
As when being propagated in liquid medium, strong impact and cavitation phenomenon can be produced on interface；Thus, the method for the invention
It will not be limited by the object of detection medium and detection so that the present invention is widely used.
, will not be by by Water Tank with Temp.-controlled there is provided a stable test environment in addition, in the method for the invention
The limitation and influence of external environment and condition, by noise elimination module, unnecessary ultrasonic wave is absorbed, and can effectively be reduced super
Sound clutter etc. is disturbed, it is ensured that the accuracy of test；By by pulse transmitter-receiver, transmission/receive transducer, preposition amplification
The ultrasonic module of device composition, can launch and receive ultrasonic wave, realize the integration for receiving and launching, it is unnecessary to reduce
Operation and the trouble of equipment, while the need for can be according to test, the supersonic frequency used in change at any time realizes different frequency
Ultrasonic wave detection, meanwhile, the size of the critical applied external force of different particles can be detected, the critical of particle is determined
Value, when being detected, will not more be damaged to testing staff.
In addition, the method for the invention can also measure the micro-and nano-particles critical point under different condition, can be by true
The critical point for determining the micro-and nano-particles under optimum condition directly controls the rupture of particle, particularly medical domain to have widely
Using being conducive to the research of micro Nano material.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the measuring system structural representation of micro-and nano-particles performance parameter.
Embodiment
The principle and feature of the present invention are described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, and
It is non-to be used to limit the scope of the present invention.
A kind of measuring method of micro-and nano-particles performance parameter of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
Step S10：The measuring system of a micro-and nano-particles performance parameter is built, Fig. 1 is micro-and nano-particles performance parameter
Measuring system structural representation；As shown in figure 1, the measuring system, including：Vessel 1 are detected, to be detected for carrying is micro-nano
Particle 4；Thermostatic control adjuster：For adjusting the temperature in detection vessel 1；Ultrasonic module, for ultrasonic wave to be launched to micro-
Nano-particle 4, receives the ultrasonic echo signal for being reflected and being scattered by micro-and nano-particles 4, and ultrasonic echo signal is transmitted
To information analysis processing module；Noise elimination module 3, for ultrasonic signal unnecessary in absorption detecting vessel 1；Signal analysis and processing
Module, the backscatter intensity of micro-and nano-particles 4, and feature based formula are obtained for handling ultrasonic echo signal progress
Try to achieve the surface tension and coefficient of elasticity of micro-and nano-particles 4.
In this specific embodiment, ultrasonic module include pulse generation receiver, send transducer, it is receive transducer, preceding
Put amplifier；Signal analysis and processing module includes oscillograph and computer；Pulse generation receiver, it is used to send transducer
Driving voltage is provided, and is supplied to the oscillograph to be shown the ultrasonic echo signal amplified through preamplifier；Hair
Transducer is sent, it is used to export the ultrasonic wave of corresponding frequencies to micro-and nano-particles 4 according to the driving voltage；Receive transducer,
It receives the ultrasonic echo signal that is reflected and scattered by micro-and nano-particles 4, and by the ultrasonic echo signal of reception export to
Preamplifier is amplified；Computer, it is used to be read out the signal shown on oscillograph, believed according to ultrasonic echo
The backscatter intensity of micro-and nano-particles 4 number is obtained, the surface tension and elasticity that feature based formula tries to achieve micro-and nano-particles 4 are
Number.In this specific embodiment, detection vessel 1 are cylindrical tank, send transducer and receive transducer is arranged on cylinder
The antetheca of tank；The corresponding bottom for being placed in cylindrical tank of noise elimination module 3, surpasses for unnecessary in absorbing cylinder shape tank
Acoustic signals, can be good at eliminating hum, the interference of clutter, improve and ensure the accuracy of detection.
Step 20：Micro-and nano-particles 4 are prepared, and record the number of micro-and nano-particles 4, the concentration of micro-and nano-particles 4；Step
S20 its be specially：Micro-and nano-particles 4 are prepared by microfluidic control technology of preparing, using ultrahigh speed video camera, by micro-nano
Record prepared by particle 4, draws the number of micro-and nano-particles 4, the concentration parameter of micro-and nano-particles 4；Using micro-fluidic technology of preparing,
Reach micro-nano rank, it is ensured that the uniform sizes of most micro-and nano-particles 4, it is ensured that test particle has single well
Property, in addition, using microflow control technique, the size of particle can also be changed, different size of particle is prepared, for detecting difference
The surface tension and coefficient of elasticity of the particle of size.
Step 30：The continuous phase medium 2 of solid-liquid is placed into detection vessel 1, the temperature in vessel is adjusted by radiator valve
Degree reaches required temperature, and after after temperature stabilization, the micro-and nano-particles 4 are placed in the continuous phase medium 2 of the solid-liquid, and is maintained
Detect that temperature is constant in vessel 1.By radiator valve, detection moment can be caused to be maintained under a stable environment, can
To be effectively prevented from influence of the external environment to testing result, meanwhile, it can be realized by the temperature of regulating thermostatic tank not
Detection under synthermal, can determine at different temperatures, and the different conditions of particle obtain the concrete condition of particle, are conducive to
Comprehensive detection particle, the influence without receiving external environment and condition, it is ensured that the accuracy of test；It is continuous using solid-liquid
Phase medium 2 can be using the kinematic parameter of micro-and nano-particles in media as well as spatial point and the continuous function of time, thus can adopt
Its performance parameter is solved with mathematical tool；Other ultrasonic wave is decayed in solid-liquid continuous media without obvious, to the effect of detection
Intensity effect with echo is small.
Step 40：The ultrasonic wave of frequency needed for control ultrasonic module is sent to micro-and nano-particles 4, records the acoustic pressure applied,
Real-time monitored and the radius change situation for recording micro-and nano-particles 4；Specifically, being received in the present embodiment using pulse generation
Device, transmission transducer, receive transducer, preamplifier can send the ultrasonic wave of specific frequency as ultrasonic module, and in fact
Now receive, it is ensured that the unicity of frequency, the accuracy of detection, and can be detected by different frequency, it is determined that not
Under the conditions of same frequency, acoustic pressure, the stabilization and mechanical characteristic of particle, without being restricted, can obtain more accurately testing
As a result.
Step 50：Ultrasonic module receives the ultrasonic echo signal that is reflected and scattered by micro-and nano-particles 4, and by ultrasonic wave
Echo-signal is transmitted to information analysis processing module；Ultrasonic echo signal is handled by signal analysis and processing module
The backscatter intensity of micro-and nano-particles 4；In the present embodiment, signal analysis and processing module includes oscillograph and computer；Show
Ripple device is used to show ultrasonic echo signal, and computer is used to be read out the signal shown on oscillograph, according to ultrasonic wave
Echo-signal obtains the backscatter intensity of micro-and nano-particles 4；
Step 60：Signal analysis and processing module feature based formula tries to achieve surface tension and the elasticity system of micro-and nano-particles 4
Number.Feature based formula tries to achieve the surface tension and coefficient of elasticity of micro-and nano-particles 4 in the step S60, and it is specially：
Coefficient of elasticity KsCalculated by following characteristics formula (1) and (2)：
Wherein, IsFor micro-and nano-particles backscatter intensity, I is the intensity of incident acoustic wave, and N is the individual of micro-and nano-particles
Number, V is the volume of micro-and nano-particles, and ∑ S is effective scattering area of single scattering micro-and nano-particles, ρSFor micro-and nano-particles
Density, ρLFor the density of medium, K is air polytropic exponent, and R is the radius of the micro-and nano-particles changed over time；
Surface tension σ is provided by following characteristics formula (3) or characteristic formula (4) or characteristic formula (5)：
Wherein, ρLFor the density of medium, R is the radius of the particle changed over time, R0For the initial radium of particle, PVFor
The internal pressure of particle, ηLFor the dynamic viscosity of medium, POFor hydrostatic pressure, Pac(t) it is acoustic pressure, c is ultrasonic wave in medium
Speed, PG0For the pressure of inside particles, again
Features described above equation (3) is Rayleigh-Plesset equations (i.e. Rayleigh-Jin Si equations), Rayleigh-
Plesset equations are that Lord Rayleigh (Rayleigh) are proposed earliest, dynamic pressure and surface tension for analyzing particle etc.
The characteristic equation of mechanical characteristic；
Features described above equation (4) is Herring equations (i.e. He Lin formula)；Characteristic equation (5) is Keller-Miksis side
Journey (i.e. this western equation of Kai Le-Mick)；Herring equations and Keller-Miksis equations are that Prosperetti (wear by Prose
Lei Di) propose earliest, it is adaptable to solve the surface tension value in the case of radius decay caused by particle vibration.
The measuring method also comprises the following steps：
Step 70：The ultrasonic wave of frequency needed for control ultrasonic module is sent to micro-and nano-particles 4 to be detected, passes through regulation
The acoustic pressure of ultrasonic wave, detects the critical point of micro-and nano-particles 4, the acoustic pressure of record now；The frequency of ultrasonic wave is adjusted, is detected
At different frequencies, acoustic pressure when micro-and nano-particles 4 are in critical point；In the present embodiment, specifically, by the arteries and veins of ultrasonic module
Rush transmitter-receiver and driving voltage is provided, via transducer is sent, the ultrasonic wave of frequency needed for being converted into will send transducer and hang down
The straight alignment micro-and nano-particles 4 to be detected, by adjusting the acoustic pressure of ultrasonic wave, detect the critical point of micro-and nano-particles 4, will
Acoustic pressure now is recorded, and is carried out correlation computations；The frequency for sending transducer is adjusted, then different
In the case of frequency, the acoustic pressure of ultrasonic wave is adjusted, micro-and nano-particles 4 are detected under conditions of different ultrasonic frequencies, no
Same critical point, and recorded；
Step 80：Temperature in vessel is adjusted by radiator valve, step 70 is repeated, determines under optimum condition
The critical point of micro-and nano-particles 4.
The method of the invention utilizes free micro-and nano-particles in the continuous phase medium of solid-liquid strong to the backscattering of ultrasonic wave
Degree and incident intensity ratio, and the parameter such as acoustic pressure, particle concentration, particle size, dielectric viscosity, Media density obtain to calculate
The feature mechanics parameter of particle；The characteristic of micro-and nano-particles can be better understood by, by the coefficient of elasticity and table that detect particle
Face tension force, and different parameters setting, can preferably study under what conditions, particle is most stable, and service life is most
Long, critical point that more can be by determining the micro-and nano-particles under optimum condition directly controls the rupture of particle, particularly medical science
Field is more widely applied, and is conducive to the research of micro Nano material.
Implementation steps and method described above only express one embodiment of the present invention, and description is more specific and detailed
Carefully, but can not therefore and be interpreted as the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention.On the premise of inventional idea of the present invention is not departed from,
The modification and improvement made should belong to the protection domain of patent of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of measuring method of micro-and nano-particles performance parameter, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 10：The measuring system of a micro-and nano-particles performance parameter is built, the measuring system includes：
Detect vessel, the micro-and nano-particles to be detected for carrying；
Thermostatic control adjuster：Required temperature value is reached for controlling, adjusting the temperature in detection vessel；
Ultrasonic module, for ultrasonic wave to be launched to micro-and nano-particles, receives the ultrasonic wave for being reflected by micro-and nano-particles and being scattered
Echo-signal, and ultrasonic echo signal is transmitted to information analysis processing module；
Noise elimination module, for ultrasonic signal unnecessary in absorption detecting vessel；
Signal analysis and processing module, the backscattering that micro-and nano-particles are obtained for handling ultrasonic echo signal progress is strong
Degree, and feature based formula tries to achieve the surface tension and coefficient of elasticity of micro-and nano-particles；
Step 20：Micro-and nano-particles are prepared, and record micro-and nano-particles number, the concentration of micro-and nano-particles；
Step 30：The continuous phase medium of solid-liquid is placed into detection vessel, adjusting the temperature in vessel by radiator valve reaches
Required temperature, after after temperature stabilization, the micro-and nano-particles are placed in the continuous phase medium of the solid-liquid, and maintain to detect vessel
Interior temperature is constant；
Step 40：Control ultrasonic module to send the ultrasonic wave of required frequency to micro-and nano-particles, record the acoustic pressure applied, see in real time
Survey and record the radius change situation of micro-and nano-particles；
Step 50：Ultrasonic module receives the ultrasonic echo signal for being reflected by micro-and nano-particles and being scattered, and by ultrasonic echo
Signal is transmitted to information analysis processing module；Ultrasonic echo signal progress is handled by signal analysis and processing module and obtains micro-nano
The backscatter intensity of rice corpuscles；
Step 60：Signal analysis and processing module feature based formula tries to achieve the surface tension and coefficient of elasticity of micro-and nano-particles.
2. a kind of measuring method of micro-and nano-particles performance parameter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
Feature based formula tries to achieve the surface tension and coefficient of elasticity of micro-and nano-particles in S60, and it is specially：
Coefficient of elasticity KsCalculated by following characteristics formula (1) and (2)：
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<mn>4</mn>
<mi>&pi;</mi>
</mrow>
<mn>9</mn>
</mfrac>
<msup>
<mi>K</mi>
<mn>4</mn>
</msup>
<msup>
<mi>R</mi>
<mn>6</mn>
</msup>
<mo>{</mo>
<msup>
<mrow>
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<mfrac>
<mrow>
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<mi>S</mi>
</msub>
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<mi>K</mi>
</mrow>
<mi>K</mi>
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<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
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<mo>+</mo>
<mfrac>
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</mfrac>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
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<mrow>
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<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
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</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
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<mi>L</mi>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
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<msub>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
</msub>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
</msub>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>}</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
Wherein, IsFor micro-and nano-particles backscatter intensity, I is the intensity of incident acoustic wave, and N is the number of micro-and nano-particles, and V is
The volume of micro-and nano-particles, ∑ S is effective scattering area of single scattering micro-and nano-particles, ρSFor the density of micro-and nano-particles, ρL
For the density of medium, K is air polytropic exponent, and R is the radius of the micro-and nano-particles changed over time；
Surface tension σ is provided by following characteristics formula (3) or characteristic formula (4) or characteristic formula (5)：
<mrow>
<mi>R</mi>
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</msub>
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<msub>
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<mn>0</mn>
</mrow>
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<mn>0</mn>
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</msub>
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<mn>4</mn>
<msub>
<mi>&eta;</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
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<mi>c</mi>
</mfrac>
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<mi>t</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>)</mo>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<msub>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
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<mn>0</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
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<mi>R</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
<mi>R</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
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</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>&sigma;</mi>
</mrow>
<mi>R</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>4</mn>
<msub>
<mi>&eta;</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
</msub>
<mfrac>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>&part;</mo>
<mi>R</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>&part;</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mi>R</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>a</mi>
<mi>c</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>5</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
1
Wherein, ρLFor the density of medium, R is the radius of the particle changed over time, R0For the initial radium of particle, PVFor particle
Internal pressure, ηLFor the dynamic viscosity of medium, POFor hydrostatic pressure, Pac(t) it is acoustic pressure, c is the speed of ultrasonic wave in medium
Degree, PG0For the pressure of inside particles.
3. a kind of measuring method of micro-and nano-particles performance parameter according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is described super
Sound module includes pulse generation receiver, sends transducer, receive transducer, preamplifier；The signal analysis and processing mould
Block includes oscillograph and computer；
The pulse generation receiver, it is used to provide driving voltage for the transmission transducer, and will be put through preamplifier
Big ultrasonic echo signal is supplied to the oscillograph to be shown；
The transmission transducer, it is used to export the ultrasonic wave of corresponding frequencies to micro-and nano-particles according to the driving voltage；
The receive transducer, it receives the ultrasonic echo signal for being reflected by micro-and nano-particles and being scattered, and surpassing reception
Sound echo signal output to preamplifier is amplified；
The computer, it is used to be read out the signal shown on oscillograph, and micro-nano is obtained according to ultrasonic echo signal
The backscatter intensity of rice corpuscles, and feature based formula tries to achieve the surface tension and coefficient of elasticity of micro-and nano-particles.
4. a kind of measuring method of micro-and nano-particles performance parameter according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The detector
Ware is cylindrical tank, and the transmission transducer and receive transducer are arranged on the top of the cylindrical tank；It is described to eliminate the noise
The corresponding bottom for being placed in the cylindrical tank of module, the ultrasonic wave letter unnecessary in the cylindrical tank for absorbing
Number.
5. a kind of measuring method of micro-and nano-particles performance parameter according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is described to disappear
Sound module is sound eliminating tile or noise elimination cotton.
6. a kind of measuring method of micro-and nano-particles performance parameter according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that the step
Rapid S20 its be specially：Micro-and nano-particles are prepared by microfluidic control technology of preparing, using ultrahigh speed video camera, by micro-nano
Record prepared by rice corpuscles, draws micro-and nano-particles number, the concentration parameter of micro-and nano-particles.
7. a kind of measuring method of micro-and nano-particles performance parameter according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：The measurement
Method also comprises the following steps：
Step 70：Control ultrasonic module to send the ultrasonic wave of required frequency to micro-and nano-particles to be detected, pass through and adjust ultrasound
The acoustic pressure of ripple, detects the critical point of micro-and nano-particles, the acoustic pressure of record now；The frequency of ultrasonic wave is adjusted, is detected not
Under same frequency, micro-and nano-particles are in acoustic pressure during critical point；
Step 80：Temperature in vessel is adjusted by radiator valve, step 70 is repeated, determines the micro-nano under optimum condition
The critical point of rice corpuscles.
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