CN1048783A - Axial rotary thrasher-separator of grain combine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the agricultural machinery manufacturing, specifically, is the rotor installed threshing separator that uses in the axial-flow type corn mowing machine.Essence of the present invention is: the spike-tooth (6) on the rotor (1) is pressed helix and is distributed, spirality guide plate (3) direction of the direction of this helix and cover plate (2) is inconsistent, spike-tooth (8) is housed on the bolter (5), and its length is equivalent to rotor (1) and goes up the length that spike-tooth (6) distributes.The present invention is applicable to results high stalk, humidity and mixes the spike of the branches and leaves of overgrowing cereal, as wheat, rye etc., is specially adapted to paddy rice.

Description

Axial rotary thrasher-separator of grain combine

The present invention relates to the agricultural machinery manufacturing, specifically, is the rotor installed threshing separator that uses in the axial-flow type corn mowing machine.

The present invention is best suited for results high bar, humidity and mixes the spike of the branches and leaves of overgrowing cereal, as wheat, rye etc., is particularly suitable for paddy rice.

In known axial-flow combine harvester sheller unit, vertically the rotor of installing carries out threshing and makes it axially deliver to the combine exit along helical trajectory the cereal of feeding simultaneously.Threshing is by interactional part on rotor and the cover plate cereal generation effect of need threshing to be carried out.Unique mechanism of use pin shape member can enlarge the purposes of this type of combine in the axial-flow combine harvester sheller unit, makes it can gather in a greater variety of cereal under various conditions.Combing flat cane when this device gathers in cereal for the cereal that gathers in humidity or under the condition of humidity particularly needs.Effect is especially obvious when the harvesting paddy rice: because seed damage and degree of injury reduce, so the commodity quality is improved, the seed seeding quality improves, and the grain storage life prolongs.

Though the sheller unit of axial-flow combine harvester has these advantages, but still expose some important shortcomings: the technological process instability, productivity ratio is low, this be because separator in the paddy rice that adds the hard cane of section chief, especially the threshing section unstable properties caused.Because cane stops up cover plate, normally in threshing section porch, and stop up rotor itself, the long shoot bar is wrapped on the rotor and tangles into pigtail and makes its obstruction.Power consumption increases greatly simultaneously, and threshing efficiency reduces, and the seed loss behind the grain header increases.This or with make a shape and have the rotor structure of outside radiation relevant, or with cylindrical rotor on that blade in a row is housed is relevant, the structure of these blades causes technological process unreliable, makes cane tangle into pigtail, increase the seed loss behind the combine, reduce total production efficiency.

The separator of known a kind of axial-flow combine harvester is equipped with the part of some on its rotor and the cover plate, these parts can be handled seed, and the handling capacity of separator can be remained on the acceptable level.The difference of this device and other known devices is: these parts on rotor and the cover plate are arranged in rows by " backpitch " direction, and are consistent with the screw direction of threshing cereal.

The shortcoming of above-mentioned sheller unit is that the conveying capacity of separator is low, thereby makes the technological process instability, and power consumption is big, and combine productivity ratio is low.By " backpitch " direction part is installed on rotor and cover plate and is made processed cereal can not move to the combine outlet effectively backward, therefore reach purpose of the present invention with this organization plan, its possibility makes us doubting.

Press hand of helix on rotor and cover plate the foliaceous part is installed, hand of helix is consistent with the guide plate installation direction on the cover plate, can seed be moved vertically like this.

One of condition that improves technological process reliability in the axial-flow combine harvester is to utilize the rotor unit of making handling capacity to remain on the acceptable level.

In order to increase cereal flow backward and threshing and separated cereal material amount to be determined in optimal value, the threshing of the special construction of embarking on journey to be installed on the rotor case to beat plate with a stick, threshing is beaten plate with a stick and is preferably distributed by the helix perpendicular to cover plate guide plate helix.The interaction that plate and cover plate guide plate are beaten in threshing with a stick has been strengthened cereal and has been moved backward while overturning and so just strengthened threshing and separation process.

Known another kind of axial-flow combine harvester, its sheller unit have a rotor of beating plate in the closely knit helical form threshing of threshing section installation one row with a stick.Threshing is beaten plate with a stick by being installed on the rotor with helix that cover plate guide plate hand of helix does not overlap.

But, the harvesting long-stalked crop, particularly during paddy rice, the threshing poor effect of plate is beaten in the closely knit threshing of spirality that rotor surface upper edge circumference is installed with a stick, and having increased the seed loss behind the combine, cane tangles into pigtail then makes the non-band of rotor unstable, thereby makes header or pickup apparatus feeding inhomogeneous, make power consumption excessive, thereby cause total production efficiency to reduce.

Known another kind of axial-flow combine harvester has omnipotent rotor and notch board, can be used for various crop and harvesting condition (USA, 3618616), the spike-tooth of some is housed, in order to treating grain on its cover plate, rotor and the notch board.

Epitrochanterian spike-tooth is vertically arranged along its outer round surface.The front and rear edges (seeing) of notch board by the rotor direction of rotation and with the cover plate side sieve of notch board front and rear edge adjacency on spike-tooth also is housed.Spike-tooth engagement during the rotor rotation on its spike-tooth and notch board and the side sieve, when cereal rotates and pass through backlash that the cane comb is flat, accelerate threshing and separation process.

The shortcoming of known this axial-flow combine harvester is that the technical process power consumption is big, and rotor stops up easily.Its reason is the mutual alignment of working part on the structure of rotor and rotor surface and securing cover plate and the notch board surface, and these working parts usually are in contact with one another when treating grain.

Rotor conveying capacity axle shape structure and outside radiation low and rotor stop up rotor easily, because the space between the rotor radiation may be filled up by the cereal of threshing.

Because finger is axially installing on the rotor radiation and on the side of cover plate and notch board, when rotor rotated, these fingers whiles contacted with cereal by backlash, thereby produce very large power demand.This just makes rotor speed descend, and technological process is damaged, and the seed loss increases, and combine productivity ratio reduces.

As mentioned above, the sheller unit of these known structure is poor performance when adding the paddy of the hard cane of section chief, can not keep normal threshing and separation process scheme, thereby make cane tangle into pigtail, seed loss behind the combine is unreasonable, power demand is excessive, and the total output of combine reduces.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned shortcoming of these known devices.

Task of the present invention provides a kind of shaft flow rotor formula installed threshing separator, its structure should be able to reduce cane and tangle into the chance of pigtail and reduce energy consumption, thereby improve the reliability of technological process, the while can also reduce the seed loss behind the combine and improve its gross production efficiency.

The solution of this task is as follows: the shaft flow rotor formula installed threshing separator of grain combine has a rotor, rotor is installed along the combine direction of motion, in threshing section and segregation section spike-tooth is housed all on the rotor, rotor has a cylindrical shape cover plate that spike-tooth is housed outward, the cover plate upper inside surface is equipped with the spirality guide plate, threshing section in cover plate bottom is equipped with notch board, and segregation section is equipped with bolter, according to the present invention, epitrochanterian spike-tooth is arranged by helix, the direction of these helixes is then inconsistent with the direction of cover plate spiral guide plate, and spike-tooth is housed on bolter, and the length that similar spike-tooth distributes on spike-tooth installation length and the rotor is identical.

The sheller unit rotor structure that the present invention proposes has a large amount of extracting spike-tooths, spike-tooth is installed by the helix different with cover plate spiral guide plate direction, each tooth only has the area of less extracting cereal, and the spread geometry of spike-tooth can not make cane tangle into pigtail, simultaneously can keep the most effective distance between spike-tooth again, such structure just can make threshing course stable.Epitrochanterian each spike-tooth all can be independently, rather than grasp a part of cereal with adjacent spike-tooth, and so just make extracting is not to go forward side by side comprehensively, but stepped.Power consumption will reduce like this.

Among another embodiment, spike-tooth on the sieve plate and the spike-tooth on the notch board are in line.

Spike-tooth on the sieve plate like this distribution can with the interaction of rotor spike-tooth under make cereal even continuous mobile settling out vertically, cane comb on the entire path that moves to outlet is being put down.When the seed separation was strengthened on sieve plate, the driving power consumption of rotor had reduced.

In most preferred embodiment of the present invention, the notch board rear portion is pressed the axially movable direction of cereal spike-tooth is installed.

This spike-tooth distribution scheme on the notch board can make cereal more easily feed the threshing section with the acting in conjunction of rotor spike-tooth during in cereal.Thereby the best feed quantity of threshing cereal is settled out, and threshing course settles out, and seed damage and damage ratio reduce, and notch board seed separation rate improves.

Other purpose advantage of the present invention will be further specified in following more detailed embodiment and accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is the drawing in side sectional elevation of the shaft flow rotor formula installed threshing separator of grain combine.

Fig. 2 is the axonometric drawing of rotor.

The axonometric drawing that spike-tooth distributes on Fig. 3 notch board and the sieve plate.

It on Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 the shaft flow rotor formula installed threshing separator of grain combine, it has rotor 1, and rotor is installed in the fixed cylindric cover plate 2, and the cover plate upper inside surface is equipped with spiral guide plate 3, threshing section in cover plate bottom is equipped with notch board 4, and segregation section is equipped with sieve plate 5(Fig. 3).

Rotor 1(Fig. 1) make the open circles tubular, on its outer surface, spike-tooth 6(Fig. 2 be housed in the threshing section), spike-tooth can enter the segregation section certain-length.With respect to the direction of rotation of rotor 1 and cereal vertically to the moving of outlet, spike-tooth 6 by and guide plate 3(Fig. 1) the inconsistent helix of hand of helix is arranged in rows.

Notch board 4 working surfaces are grill-shaped, have delegation's spike-tooth (7) on its surface at least, and spike-tooth is apart from the notch board leading edge in most preferred embodiment within the length range of guide plate 3 helixes 1/3rd pitch in the axially movable direction of cereal.

Sieve plate 5(Fig. 3) working surface is a grill-shaped, has delegation's spike-tooth 8 on the surface at least, and the spike-tooth spread length should be identical with similar spike-tooth 6 on the rotor segregation section, and should be in line with the spike-tooth 7 on the notch board.

The axial rotary thrasher-separator of grain combine operation principle is as follows:

Need the cereal feeding sheller unit of threshing, along cover plate 2(Fig. 1) be subjected to rotor 1, guide plate 3, notch board 4 and sieve plate 5(Fig. 3 in the mobile process) the repeatedly processing of going up interactional part.

The working part of rotor 1-spike-tooth 6(Fig. 2) grasp cane in a feeding threshing section annular gap, its direction along rotor 1 rotating shaft spinned move, owing at notch board 4(Fig. 3) there is not spike-tooth 7 on the anterior face, so make cereal enter the threshing section easily.This moment is because guide plate 3(Fig. 1 of cereal and cover plate 2) and the plate of grid shape notch board 4 interact, make the cereal upset, the friction, loose that need threshing, grain is separated.Move vertically and more fluffy cereal contacts with the spike-tooth 7 of notch board 4, the cane comb is flat, and friction in the plate with grid shape notch board interacts, and seed is separated.

Owing to spike-tooth 6(Fig. 2 of many extracting canes is housed) on the rotor 1, each spike-tooth all has less extracting surface, and the spread geometry of spike-tooth can not make cane tangle into pigtail, simultaneously can keep the most effective distance between the spike-tooth again, so it is it is stable that threshing course can keep, special especially effective when adding the paddy rice of the hard cane of section chief.

Each spike-tooth grasps a cereal separately, rather than grasps together with adjacent spike-tooth, and therefore grasp is not to carry out simultaneously comprehensively, but staged is carried out.

Sieve plate 5(Fig. 3) on spike-tooth 8 is arranged, the spike-tooth 7 in most preferred embodiment on spike-tooth 8 and the notch board 4 is in line, and cereal can make it under axial continuously even motion stabilization to moving on the segregation section sieve plate 5.Cereal is under the spike-tooth 6 with rotor 1 interacts, and it is flat to obtain comb at it on whole approach that outlet is moved, improved the seed on the sieve plate and separated, and has eliminated the phenomenon that cane tangles into pigtail, has reduced the power consumption of rotor.

Obtained reliable technological process owing to having reduced the possibility that tangles into pigtail, so just can reduce the seed loss behind the combine, cut down the consumption of energy, improved axial-flow combine harvester and be wet crop, particularly the production efficiency during rice threshing.

The structure of this grain combine shaft flow rotor installed threshing separator of recommending can guarantee minimum seed damage and damage in high handling capacity, minimum seed loss, the results process, can reduce the energy consumption of technological process, and this device also can be used for the large tracts of land rice operation.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of axial-flow rotor installed threshing separator of grain combine, it has a rotor (1), the threshing section of rotor and segregation section have spike-tooth (6), rotor is installed in the cylindrical shape cover plate (2) along the combine direction of motion, cover plate has spike-tooth, spirality guide plate (3) is arranged on the cover plate upper inside surface, threshing section in cover plate bottom has notch board (4), segregation section has bolter (5), it is characterized by: the spike-tooth (6) on the rotor (1) is pressed helix and is arranged, spirality guide plate (3) direction of hand of helix and cover plate (2) is inconsistent, and spike-tooth (8) is installed on bolter (5), and its length is equivalent to rotor (1) and goes up the length that spike-tooth (6) distributes.

2, according to the described axial-flow rotor installed threshing separator of claim 1, it is characterized by: the spike-tooth (7) on the notch board (4) is installed in its rear portion (seeing along cereal axially-movable direction).

3, according to claim 1 or 2 described axial-flow rotor installed threshing separators, it is characterized by: the spike-tooth (7) on spike-tooth (8) on the bolter (5) and the notch board (4) is in line.

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