CN104878214A - Electro slag ingot casting device adopting molten steel shunt and gas protection - Google Patents
Electro slag ingot casting device adopting molten steel shunt and gas protection Download PDFInfo
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- CN104878214A CN104878214A CN201510248788.2A CN201510248788A CN104878214A CN 104878214 A CN104878214 A CN 104878214A CN 201510248788 A CN201510248788 A CN 201510248788A CN 104878214 A CN104878214 A CN 104878214A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of electro slag metallurgy, and discloses an electro slag ingot casting device adopting molten steel shunt and gas protection, and the electro slag ingot casting device is used for solving the problem of poor quality in the existing electro slag ingot pouring technology. The electro slag ingot casting device disclosed by the invention comprises a crystallizer and an electrode, wherein a metal pool used for accommodating molten steel is arranged at the lower part of the crystallizer, a suspension slag material layer is arranged at the middle of the crystallizer, and the lower end of the electrode is stretched into the slag material. The electro slag ingot casting device is characterized in that the crystallizer is provided with a molten steel shunt, an annular pouring gate used for injecting the molten steel into the slag material is formed in the bottom end of the molten steel shunt, and the upper end of the molten steel shunt is communicated with a tundish used for accommodating the molten steel by virtue of an elongated nozzle. The electro slag ingot pouring device disclosed by the invention is provided with the annular pouring gate and the molten steel shunting pipe, so that the contact area of the molten steel (steel stream) and the slag material can be greatly increased to promote foreign matters in the molten steel to be absorbed and dissolved by the slag, so as to improve the quality of electro slag casting steel.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electroslag metallurgy technical field, be specifically related to a kind of ESR ingot poured apparatus adopting molten steel shunting and gas shield.
Background technology
Development and application Bohler electroslag tapping metallurgical technology is started in the world from the eighties in last century.China electroslag metallurgy expert, University of Science & Technology, Beijing professor Fu Jie " China metallurgical " 2010 the 5th is interim to be pointed out: Bohler electroslag tapping technology has energy-conservation remarkable advantage, the recovery rate of metal is certainly than common height, and dense structure and mechanical property are believed can be better than common ingot, is worth affirmative and development.The large-scale ingot of liquid metal Bohler electroslag tapping, is pioneers' ideal for many years of electroslag metallurgy, but there is no the successful experience of the large-scale ingot of Bohler electroslag tapping at present.Li Zhengbang professor points out in " ferrous metallurgy cutting edge technology " book: " esr is removed non-metallic inclusion and is mainly occurred in electrode tip, reaction be slag to the absorption of inclusion and dissolving, this is theoretical admits for international counterparts.Quote in monograph, since reprinted in full by Su Lian ﹑ English state ﹑ Japan core periodical before state of U.S. ﹑ about paper. the quality of steel depends primarily on the purity of steel, and the quality (purity) that we must study why Electro Slag Remelting Steel is higher than (purity) of Bohler electroslag tapping steel.We remove non-metallic inclusion mechanism from esr and start with.USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) Ю. В Л а Т а Ш and day reality hall system are thought, the major cause of esr removal of inclusions is that inclusion enters slag bath from metal pool buoyance lift.They quote Stokes formula to illustrate that opinion slows down remelt speed to ensure the quality of products.This viewpoint is quoted by U.S. G.K.Bhat and Britain G.Hoyle.USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) И А Г а р e в с к и й, front East Germany W.Ric-hling etc. think that esr is removed the effect that is mingled with and mainly occurred in molten drop through the slag bath stage in addition, advocate refinement molten drop.West Germany El.Gammal, Japanese Chang Gu river justice even study electric current frequency conversion refinement molten drop.China electroslag worker thinks that the removal of oxide inclusion is not due to the buoyance lift in metal pool but because slag is to the absorption of inclusion and dissolving in esr process, first Li Zhengbang finds that esr is removed non-metallic inclusion and mainly occurred in electrode melting end, and he reaches a conclusion based on inclusion area and unit surface inclusion number in metallographic method statistics electrode end melting area and ingot casting.Fu Jie intercepts out different sites in reflow process and size metallic molten drop subsequently, in further proposition electroslag melt steel, original inclusion is substantially removed in the molten drop stage or dissolves, element reaction in the oxygen that remelting steel inclusion mainly melts in steel and steel, the newborn inclusion formed, prevent burning and improve crystallization condition, remelting metallic purity is played a decisive role.
Bohler electroslag tapping metallurgical technology is compared tool compared with traditional electroslag melting technology and is had the following advantages: one, Bohler electroslag tapping can be produced continuously, and electroslag melting is batch production; Two, Bohler electroslag tapping is less compared to electroslag melting power consumption, save energy; Three, Bohler electroslag tapping is with short production cycle, and production efficiency is high.Based on above reason, Bohler electroslag tapping technology obtains promotion and application widely.
Such as application number be 201320005120.1 patent of invention disclose a kind of liquid pouring of electroslag system, liquid pouring of electroslag system comprises: liquid pouring of electroslag stove; Vacuum chamber, is sealingly secured to above liquid pouring of electroslag stove to be exposed in vacuum chamber by the slag bath of liquid pouring of electroslag stove; Ladle, molten steel is equipped with in inside; Long nozzle, for being directed in slag bath by the molten steel in ladle, comprise the entrance in the molten steel inserted in ladle and the outlet being positioned at vacuum chamber, the outlet of long nozzle is positioned at above slag bath.Liquid pouring of electroslag stove comprises current-conductive mold, insulation layer, outer crystallizer and surrounding layer, insulation layer to be arranged between current-conductive mold with outer crystallizer and to limit slag bath and metal pool with current-conductive mold together with outer crystallizer, and surrounding layer is coated to the outside of current-conductive mold, insulation layer and outer crystallizer hermetically.To be fixed to vacuum chamber lower seal on surrounding layer and there is the opening exposing slag bath.Vacuum chamber has the venting hole of being discharged by the gas in vacuum chamber.The venting hole of vacuum chamber is connected with air extractor.Long nozzle vertically enters vacuum chamber from the top of vacuum chamber and the liquid level of slag bath.The top resistance to air loss of long nozzle and vacuum chamber is slidably connected.Liquid pouring of electroslag system also comprises the long nozzle lifting device being connected with long nozzle long nozzle is moved up and down relative to vacuum chamber.Liquid pouring of electroslag system also comprises the ladle lifting device that ladle is moved up and down.Vacuum chamber also has air inlet port.Liquid pouring of electroslag system also comprises the crucible be arranged between the outlet of long nozzle and slag bath, and the bottom of crucible is provided with multiple tapping hole.
But, existing electroslag casting apparatus also exists following problem: due to the inabundant contact reacts of molten steel and slag in Bohler electroslag tapping process, simultaneously molten steel contacts with air and causes molten steel oxidized, the quality making existing Bohler electroslag tapping and traditional Electro Slag Remelting Steel (electroslag melting) also tool there is a big difference.The such as fatigue lifetime of existing Bohler electroslag tapping bearing steel only improves 30% relative to electric furnace bearing steel, and the bearing fatigue life that existing electroslag melting is made is about 3 times of electric furnace bearing steel.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the ropy problem that existing Bohler electroslag tapping technology exists; and a kind of ESR ingot poured apparatus adopting molten steel shunting and gas shield is provided; can promote that slag is to the absorption of foreign material in steel and dissolving; oxygen simultaneously in obstruct air and the contact of molten steel; reduce the content of dissolved oxygen in steel; reduce the formation of new foreign material in steel ingot, improve the quality of Electro Slag Remelting Steel, the quality of the ESR ingot of Bohler electroslag tapping can be matched in excellence or beauty with the quality of traditional electroslag melting steel.
The present invention for solving the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme is:
A kind of ESR ingot poured apparatus adopting molten steel shunting and gas shield, comprise crystallizer and electrode, the bottom of described crystallizer is the metal pool for holding molten steel, the middle part of described crystallizer is suspension slag material layer, the lower end of described electrode extends in slag charge, it is characterized in that, described crystallizer is equipped with molten steel splitter, and the bottom of described molten steel splitter offers the ring gate for molten steel being injected slag charge; The upper end of described molten steel splitter is communicated with the tundish for splendid attire molten steel through long nozzle.
The top end face of described crystallizer is provided with argon shield circle, and the described long nozzle be connected with tundish is communicated with molten steel splitter through described argon shield circle; Described electrode inserts in slag charge through described argon shield circle.
Described molten steel splitter is provided with crimping, and described molten steel splitter is hung on the upper surface of crystallizer through crimping.
Insulated ring is provided with between the crimping of described molten steel splitter and the upper section of crystallizer.
The bottom of described molten steel splitter offers at least twice ring gate.
The bottom of described molten steel splitter offers twice ring gate.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The ESR ingot poured apparatus of employing molten steel shunting of the present invention and gas shield, comprise crystallizer and electrode, the bottom of described crystallizer is the metal pool for holding molten steel, middle part is suspension slag material layer, the lower end of described electrode extends in slag charge, and described crystallizer is equipped with pouring attachment, and the bottom of described pouring attachment offers ring gate, the lower end of described ring gate is connected with molten steel isocon, and the lower end of described molten steel isocon is stretched in slag charge; The upper end of described pouring attachment is communicated with the tundish for splendid attire molten steel through long nozzle.By arranging ring gate and molten steel isocon, significantly can improve molten steel (steel stream) and the contact area of slag charge, impelling the inclusion in molten steel absorbed by slag and dissolve, improving the quality of Bohler electroslag tapping steel.
The present invention simultaneously, by arranging argon shield circle, reduces the contact of molten steel and air in Bohler electroslag tapping process, reduces the dissolved oxygen in steel, reduces the formation of new foreign material in steel ingot, improves the quality of Electro Slag Remelting Steel.
Our experiments show that, the quality of the Electro Slag Remelting Steel of Bohler electroslag tapping of the present invention can be suitable with the quality of traditional electroslag melting steel, thus make the present invention while guarantee Electro Slag Remelting Steel quality, saved the energy and improve production efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Mark in figure: 1, crystallizer, 2, suspension slag material layer, 3, insulated ring, 4, argon shield circle, 5, tundish, 6, electrode, 7, molten steel splitter, 8, ring gate, 9, metal pool, 10, steel ingot (Electro Slag Remelting Steel).
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, and described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, is not whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making other embodiments used obtained under creative work prerequisite, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
By reference to the accompanying drawings, the ESR ingot poured apparatus of employing molten steel shunting of the present invention and gas shield, comprise crystallizer 1 and electrode 6, described crystallizer 1 bottom is the metal pool 9 for holding molten steel, middle part is suspension slag material layer 2, the lower end of described electrode 6 extends in slag charge 2, and described crystallizer 1 is equipped with molten steel splitter 7, and the bottom of described molten steel splitter 7 offers the ring gate 8 for molten steel being injected slag charge 2; The upper end of described molten steel splitter 7 is communicated with the tundish 5 for splendid attire molten steel through long nozzle.Crystallizer and tundish all belong to prior art, and those skilled in the art can understand and understand, and does not repeat them here.
As a kind of preferred mode of the present invention, the top end face of crystallizer 1 is provided with argon shield circle 4, and the described long nozzle be connected with tundish 5 is communicated with molten steel splitter 7 through described argon shield circle 4; Described electrode 6 inserts in slag charge 2 through described argon shield circle 4.
Principle of work of the present invention is: drive the air in crystallizer with argon gas and carry out gas shield, then proceeds to electrode (Graphite Electrodes, also can be the metal electrode consistent with Bohler electroslag tapping material) and changes slag; When slag temperature reaches processing requirement, inject just refine through EBT, the molten steel of LF refining and VD vacuum outgas, under the protection of argon gas, molten steel dissolved oxygen reduces greatly; Then molten steel splitter flows into slag charge after molten steel being split into many note threads and slag reacts, inclusion now in molten steel mother liquor and slag react, part inclusion is dissolved by slag or absorbs, steel ingot (Electro Slag Remelting Steel) 10 crystallization in the bottom of metal pool, thus makes the purity of steel greatly improve.
Experimental data form of the present invention is as follows:
Table 1: the nitrogen of ESR ingot and electroslag stocking, hydrogen, oxygen data analysis
Can be drawn by this table, the present invention can reduce the dissolved oxygen amount of steel ingot by argon shield, thus reduces the formation of new foreign material in steel ingot, improves the quality of Electro Slag Remelting Steel.
Table 2: bearing fatigue life test data
| Steel grade | Contact fatigue life L 10×10 7r | Contact fatigue life L 50×10 7r |
| GCr15 (vacuum outgas) | 1.122 | 5.210 |
| GCr15 (Bohler electroslag tapping) | 3.488 | 13.155 |
Can be drawn by this table, the bearing fatigue life that Bohler electroslag tapping of the present invention is made is about 3 times of electric furnace bearing steel.Suitable with the quality of traditional electroslag melting steel, ensure that the quality of Electro Slag Remelting Steel.
Table 3: traditional electroslag melting contrasts with Bohler electroslag tapping power consumption
Can draw from table 3, the energy consumption of Bohler electroslag tapping is less than traditional electroslag melting greatly, has saved the energy.
Table 4: traditional electroslag melting contrasted with the Bohler electroslag tapping time
| Heat (batch) number | The sub-heat (batch) number of electroslag | Steel grade | Smelting time (dividing) | Remarks |
| 2T1010051 | DT1101001 | GCr15SiMn | 335 | ESR ingot |
| 2T1010051 | DT1101002 | GCr15SiMn | 350 | ESR ingot |
| 2T1008071 | DT1101003 | 42CrMo4 | 360 | ESR ingot |
| 1T1105048 | DT1110026 | G20Cr2Ni4A | 355 | ￠ 75 electroslag stocking |
| 1T1105048 | DT1110027 | G20Cr2Ni4A | 345 | ￠ 75 electroslag stocking |
| Subtotal | 1745 | |||
| 2T1010051 | DT1101004 | GCr15SiMn | 95 | Argon shield Bohler electroslag tapping ingot |
| 2T1010051 | DT1101005 | GCr15SiMn | 100 | Argon shield Bohler electroslag tapping ingot |
| 2T1008071 | DT1101006 | 42CrMo4 | 105 | Argon shield Bohler electroslag tapping ingot |
| 1T1105048 | DT1110029 | G20Cr2Ni4A | 98 | Argon shield Bohler electroslag tapping ￠ 75 stocking |
| Subtotal | 398 |
Can draw from table 4, production efficiency of the present invention is much higher than traditional electroslag melting.
In sum, the present invention, by arranging ring gate and molten steel isocon, significantly can improve molten steel (steel stream) and the contact area of slag charge, impel the inclusion in molten steel absorbed by slag and dissolve, improve the quality of Bohler electroslag tapping steel.
The present invention simultaneously, by arranging argon shield circle, reduces the contact of molten steel and air in Bohler electroslag tapping process, reduces the dissolved oxygen in steel, reduces the formation of new foreign material in steel ingot, improves the quality of Electro Slag Remelting Steel.
Our experiments show that, the quality of the Electro Slag Remelting Steel of Bohler electroslag tapping of the present invention can be suitable with the quality of traditional electroslag melting steel, thus make the present invention while guarantee Electro Slag Remelting Steel quality, saved the energy and improve production efficiency.
As a kind of preferred mode of the present invention, molten steel splitter 7 is provided with crimping, and described molten steel splitter 7 is hung on the upper surface of crystallizer 1 through crimping.
In order to improve insulating property, between the crimping of molten steel splitter 7 and the upper section of crystallizer 1, be provided with insulated ring 3.
The bottom of molten steel splitter 7 of the present invention offers at least twice ring gate 8.
As a kind of preferred mode of the present invention, the bottom of described molten steel splitter 7 offers twice ring gate 8.
Slag charge is large because of density ratio molten steel, for being suspended on molten steel, and can increase rising with molten steel.
Embodiment one
The employing molten steel shunting of the present embodiment and the ESR ingot poured apparatus of gas shield, comprise crystallizer and electrode, the bottom of described crystallizer is the metal pool for holding molten steel, the middle part of described crystallizer is suspension slag material layer, the lower end of described electrode extends in slag charge, it is characterized in that, described crystallizer is equipped with molten steel splitter, and the bottom of described molten steel splitter offers the ring gate for molten steel being injected slag charge; The upper end of described molten steel splitter is communicated with the tundish for splendid attire molten steel through long nozzle.
Embodiment two
The employing molten steel shunting of the present embodiment and the ESR ingot poured apparatus of gas shield, comprise crystallizer and electrode, the bottom of described crystallizer is the metal pool for holding molten steel, the middle part of described crystallizer is suspension slag material layer, the lower end of described electrode extends in slag charge, it is characterized in that, described crystallizer is equipped with molten steel splitter, and the bottom of described molten steel splitter offers the ring gate for molten steel being injected slag charge; The upper end of described molten steel splitter is communicated with the tundish for splendid attire molten steel through long nozzle.The top end face of described crystallizer is provided with argon shield circle, and the described long nozzle be connected with tundish is communicated with molten steel splitter through described argon shield circle; Described electrode inserts in slag charge through described argon shield circle.
Embodiment three
The employing molten steel shunting of the present embodiment and the ESR ingot poured apparatus of gas shield, comprise crystallizer and electrode, the bottom of described crystallizer is the metal pool for holding molten steel, the middle part of described crystallizer is suspension slag material layer, the lower end of described electrode extends in slag charge, it is characterized in that, described crystallizer is equipped with molten steel splitter, and the bottom of described molten steel splitter offers the ring gate for molten steel being injected slag charge; The upper end of described molten steel splitter is communicated with the tundish for splendid attire molten steel through long nozzle.The top end face of described crystallizer is provided with argon shield circle, and the described long nozzle be connected with tundish is communicated with molten steel splitter through described argon shield circle; Described electrode inserts in slag charge through described argon shield circle.Described molten steel splitter is provided with crimping, and described molten steel splitter is hung on the upper surface of crystallizer through crimping.
Embodiment four
On the basis of enforcement three, between the crimping of molten steel splitter and the upper section of crystallizer, be provided with insulated ring.
Embodiment five
On the basis of embodiment four, the bottom of described molten steel splitter offers at least twice ring gate.
Embodiment six
On the basis of embodiment five, the bottom of molten steel splitter offers twice ring gate.
Claims (6)
1. one kind adopts the ESR ingot poured apparatus of molten steel shunting and gas shield, comprise crystallizer and electrode, described crystallizer bottom is the metal pool for holding molten steel, the middle part of described crystallizer is suspension slag material layer, the lower end of described electrode extends in slag charge, it is characterized in that, described crystallizer is equipped with molten steel splitter, and the bottom of described molten steel splitter offers the ring gate for molten steel being injected slag charge; The upper end of described molten steel splitter is communicated with the tundish for splendid attire molten steel through long nozzle.
2. the ESR ingot poured apparatus of employing molten steel shunting according to claim 1 and gas shield, it is characterized in that, the top end face of described crystallizer is provided with argon shield circle, and the described long nozzle be connected with tundish is communicated with molten steel splitter through described argon shield circle; Described electrode inserts in slag charge through described argon shield circle.
3. the ESR ingot poured apparatus of employing molten steel shunting according to claim 1 and 2 and gas shield, it is characterized in that, described molten steel splitter is provided with crimping, and described molten steel splitter is hung on the upper surface of crystallizer through crimping.
4. the ESR ingot poured apparatus of employing molten steel shunting according to claim 3 and gas shield, is characterized in that, be provided with insulated ring between the crimping of described molten steel splitter and the upper section of crystallizer.
5. the ESR ingot poured apparatus of employing molten steel shunting according to claim 4 and gas shield, it is characterized in that, the bottom of described molten steel splitter offers at least twice ring gate.
6. the ESR ingot poured apparatus of employing molten steel shunting according to claim 5 and gas shield, it is characterized in that, the bottom of described molten steel splitter offers twice ring gate.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109954853A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-07-02 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of efficient electroslag wash heat device and wash heat method |
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