CN104869610B - A kind of method that same group of access base station cluster is chosen for multiple mobile stations - Google Patents

A kind of method that same group of access base station cluster is chosen for multiple mobile stations Download PDF

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CN104869610B
CN104869610B CN201510239789.0A CN201510239789A CN104869610B CN 104869610 B CN104869610 B CN 104869610B CN 201510239789 A CN201510239789 A CN 201510239789A CN 104869610 B CN104869610 B CN 104869610B
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service quality
limit value
noise power
upper limit
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CN104869610A (en
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林静然
姜昌旭
利强
李玉柏
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/08Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery

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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of method that same group of access base station cluster is chosen for multiple mobile stations, including:Parameter setting step:Set for represent the base station number higher limit in the cluster of base station multiple mobile stations of transmission channel vector between all optional base stations of degree of rarefication parameter, the upper limit of emission power value of each in multiple mobile stations, each in multiple mobile stations in the service quality higher limit of each and service quality level value;Update step:More wheels are carried out according to the parameter value set in Parameter setting step to virtual the down beam shaping matrix and virtual noise power set of multiple mobile stations to update, the difference between the virtual noise power set that two-wheeled updates to obtain as of late is less than the first threshold value set in advance;And selecting step:Mobile station is linked into the base station cluster indicated by the virtual down beam shaping matrix obtained as nearest one wheel renewal.

Description

一种为多个移动台选取同一组接入基站簇的方法A Method of Selecting the Same Group to Access Base Station Cluster for Multiple Mobile Stations

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及移动通信领域,尤其涉及一种为多个移动台选取同一组接入基站簇的方法。The invention relates to the field of mobile communication, in particular to a method for selecting the same group of access base station clusters for multiple mobile stations.

背景技术Background technique

在移动通信网络中,一个移动台可以同时接入多个基站,即:由多个基站同时为一个移动台提供服务。这些同时为一个移动台提供服务的基站就组成了一个基站簇。In a mobile communication network, a mobile station can access multiple base stations at the same time, that is, multiple base stations provide services for a mobile station at the same time. These base stations that simultaneously provide services for a mobile station form a base station cluster.

当移动台需要接入基站时,需要通过一定的方法决定将其接入到哪些基站所组成的基站簇。申请号为201410547339.3,公开号为104301968A的中国专利申请,公开了一种为移动台选取接入基站簇的方法。该方法主要可以解决的技术问题是在确保每一个移动台的服务质量(信干比)的情况下,为每一个移动台选取不同的接入基站簇。该方法采用的主要技术方案是在假定所有移动台的发射功率固定不变的前提下,直接在上行链路上计算接入控制矩阵。When the mobile station needs to access the base station, it needs to decide through a certain method to access the base station cluster composed of which base stations. The Chinese patent application with application number 201410547339.3 and publication number 104301968A discloses a method for selecting access base station clusters for mobile stations. The main technical problem that the method can solve is to select different access base station clusters for each mobile station under the condition of ensuring the service quality (signal-to-interference ratio) of each mobile station. The main technical scheme adopted by the method is to directly calculate the access control matrix on the uplink under the assumption that the transmission power of all mobile stations is fixed.

上述现有方法存在的主要问题是:首先,实际情况中,移动台的发射功率不可能固定不变,其次,该方法未考虑移动台之间获得服务的公平性,处理的结果可能是某些移动台服务质量较好,而某些移动台服务质量较差。此外,各个移动台独立选择接入的基站簇,可能导致最终所有的基站都必须处于工作状态,增加系统管理的复杂度。当基站个数较多时,需要消耗大量的能源来维护这些基站的基本开销。The main problems in the above-mentioned existing method are: firstly, in the actual situation, the transmission power of the mobile station cannot be fixed; secondly, this method does not consider the fairness of service obtained between the mobile stations, and the result of the processing may be some Mobile stations have better quality of service, while some mobile stations have poorer quality of service. In addition, each mobile station independently selects a cluster of base stations to access, which may eventually cause all base stations to be in working state, increasing the complexity of system management. When the number of base stations is large, a large amount of energy needs to be consumed to maintain the basic expenses of these base stations.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于提供一种为多个移动台选取同一组接入基站簇的方法。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for selecting the same group of access base station clusters for multiple mobile stations.

本发明的一个实施例提供了一种为多个移动台选取同一组接入基站簇的方法,包括:参数设定步骤:设定用于表示基站簇内的基站个数上限值的稀疏度参数、多个移动台中的每一个的发射功率上限值、多个移动台中的每一个与所有可选基站之间的传输信道矢量和多个移动台中的每一个的服务质量上限值和服务质量下限值;更新步骤:根据参数设定步骤中设定的参数值对多个移动台的虚拟下行波束赋形矩阵和虚拟噪声功率集合进行多轮更新,直至最近两轮更新得到的虚拟噪声功率集合之间的差异小于预先设定的第一门限值;以及选取步骤:将移动台接入到由最近一轮更新得到的虚拟下行波束赋形矩阵所指示的基站簇。An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for selecting the same group of mobile stations to access the base station cluster, including: parameter setting step: setting the sparsity used to represent the upper limit of the number of base stations in the base station cluster parameter, the transmit power ceiling value for each of the plurality of mobile stations, the transmission channel vector between each of the plurality of mobile stations and all optional base stations, and the quality of service ceiling value for each of the plurality of mobile stations and the service Quality lower limit value; update step: perform multiple rounds of updating on the virtual downlink beamforming matrix and virtual noise power set of multiple mobile stations according to the parameter values set in the parameter setting step, until the virtual noise power obtained by the latest two rounds of updating The difference between the power sets is smaller than the preset first threshold value; and the selection step: accessing the mobile station to the base station cluster indicated by the virtual downlink beamforming matrix obtained from the latest round of update.

本发明提供的为多个移动台选取同一组接入基站簇的方法,能够最大化多个移动台中的最小信干比,还能够可以根据实际网络需求,调整限制每个移动台的发送功率,进一步提高网络性能。The method for selecting the same group of mobile stations to access the base station cluster provided by the present invention can maximize the minimum signal-to-interference ratio among multiple mobile stations, and can also adjust and limit the transmission power of each mobile station according to actual network requirements. Further improve network performance.

附图说明Description of drawings

通过阅读下文优选实施方式的详细描述,各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出优选实施方式的目的,而并不认为是对本发明的限制。而且在整个附图中,用相同的参考符号表示相同的部件。其中在附图中,参考数字之后的字母标记指示多个相同的部件,当泛指这些部件时,将省略其最后的字母标记。在附图中:Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment. The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating a preferred embodiment and are not to be considered as limiting the invention. Also throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to designate the same components. Wherein in the drawings, letter marks after reference numerals indicate a plurality of identical components, and when referring to these components generally, the last letter marks thereof will be omitted. In the attached picture:

图1为本发明的为多个移动台选取同一组接入基站簇方法的一个实施例的流程图;Fig. 1 is the flowchart of an embodiment of the method for selecting the same group to access base station clusters for multiple mobile stations of the present invention;

图2为本发明方法中的更新步骤的一个实施例的流程图;Fig. 2 is the flowchart of an embodiment of the update step in the method of the present invention;

图3为图2中的步骤201的一个实施例的流程图;Fig. 3 is a flowchart of an embodiment of step 201 in Fig. 2;

图4为图2中的步骤202的一个实施例的流程图;FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an embodiment of step 202 in FIG. 2;

图5为本发明的为多个移动台选取同一组接入基站簇方法的另一个实施例的流程图。FIG. 5 is a flow chart of another embodiment of the method for selecting the same group for multiple mobile stations to access the base station cluster of the present invention.

在附图中,使用相同或类似的标号来指代相同或类似的元素。In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals are used to refer to the same or similar elements.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

现在将参考附图来详细描述本发明的示例性实施方式。应当理解,附图中示出和描述的实施方式仅仅是示例性的,意在阐释本发明的原理和精神,而并非限制本发明的范围。Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the implementations shown and described in the drawings are only exemplary, intended to explain the principle and spirit of the present invention, rather than limit the scope of the present invention.

参考图1,图1为本发明的为多个移动台选取同一组接入基站簇方法100的一个实施例的流程图。方法100可以包含如下步骤101至103。Referring to FIG. 1 , FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method 100 for selecting the same group of mobile stations to access a base station cluster according to the present invention. The method 100 may include steps 101 to 103 as follows.

在步骤101中,设定用于表示基站簇内的基站个数上限值的稀疏度参数、多个移动台中的每一个的发射功率上限值、多个移动台中的每一个与所有可选基站之间的传输信道矢量和多个移动台中的每一个的服务质量上限值和服务质量下限值。In step 101, the sparsity parameter used to indicate the upper limit of the number of base stations in the base station cluster, the upper limit of transmit power of each of the multiple mobile stations, the upper limit of the transmission power of each of the multiple mobile stations and all optional A transmission channel vector between base stations and a quality of service upper limit value and a quality of service lower limit value for each of the plurality of mobile stations.

稀疏度参数α的大小可以反映基站簇内的基站个数的多少。假设移动台共有M个,可能被选取到的基站的个数共有K个,则每一个移动台的发射功率上限值可以表示为Pm,每一个移动台与所有可选基站之间的传输信道矢量可以表示为其维度为KT×1,其中,T为每个基站的天线数。每一个移动台的服务质量下限值和服务质量上限值可以分别用γL和γu来表示。The size of the sparsity parameter α may reflect the number of base stations in the base station cluster. Assuming that there are M mobile stations in total, and there are K base stations that may be selected, the upper limit value of the transmission power of each mobile station can be expressed as P m , The transmission channel vector between each mobile station and all optional base stations can be expressed as Its dimension is KT×1, where T is the number of antennas of each base station. The QoS lower limit and QoS upper limit of each mobile station can be represented by γ L and γ u respectively.

在本发明的一个实施例中,服务质量下限值的初始值服务质量上限值的初始值其中,σ2为噪声功率。In one embodiment of the present invention, the initial value of the quality of service lower limit The initial value of the quality of service upper limit Among them, σ 2 is the noise power.

在步骤102中,根据步骤101中设定的参数值对多个移动台的虚拟下行波束赋形矩阵和虚拟噪声功率集合进行多轮更新,直至最近两轮更新得到的虚拟噪声功率集合之间的差异小于预先设定的第一门限值。In step 102, according to the parameter values set in step 101, the virtual downlink beamforming matrices and virtual noise power sets of multiple mobile stations are updated for multiple rounds, until the virtual noise power sets obtained by the latest two rounds of updates are equal to The difference is smaller than the preset first threshold value.

在本步骤中,可以基于单个用户在发送功率受限情况下的上下行链路的最大最小公平性问题具有对偶性的特点,将本来需要计算的上行链路问题转换成虚拟下行链路问题来求解。In this step, the uplink problem that needs to be calculated can be converted into a virtual downlink problem based on the fact that the maximum and minimum fairness problem of the uplink and downlink of a single user under the condition of limited transmission power has the characteristics of duality solve.

在本发明的一个实施例中,虚拟下行波束赋形矩阵可以表示为:In an embodiment of the present invention, the virtual downlink beamforming matrix can be expressed as:

其中,虚拟下行波束赋形矩阵W的维数为KT×M,K为可选取的基站的总数,T为每个基站的天线数,M为移动台的总数;列向量wm的维数为KT×1,表示所有基站对移动台m的发射波束,列向量wm可以表示成其中,列向量wk,m的维数为T×1,表示第k个基站对移动台m的发射波束;行块矩阵Wk的维数为T×M,表示第k个基站对所有移动台的发射波束。Among them, the dimension of the virtual downlink beamforming matrix W is KT×M, K is the total number of selectable base stations, T is the number of antennas of each base station, and M is the total number of mobile stations; the dimension of the column vector w m is KT × 1, which represents the transmit beams of all base stations to mobile station m, the column vector w m can be expressed as Among them, the dimension of the column vector w k,m is T×1, which represents the transmission beam of the k-th base station to the mobile station m; the dimension of the row block matrix W k is T×M, which represents the transmission beam of the k-th base station to all mobile stations The station's transmit beam.

虚拟噪声功率集合可以表示为其中的θm是移动台m的虚拟噪声功率。The virtual noise power set can be expressed as Among them, θ m is the virtual noise power of mobile station m.

参考图2,图2为本发明方法中的更新步骤102的一个实施例的流程图。在本发明的一个实施例中,步骤102可以包括如下子步骤201至202。Referring to FIG. 2 , FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of the updating step 102 in the method of the present invention. In an embodiment of the present invention, step 102 may include the following sub-steps 201 to 202 .

在子步骤201中,保持虚拟噪声功率集合不变,对虚拟下行波束赋形矩阵进行多次更新。In sub-step 201, keep the virtual noise power set unchanged, and update the virtual downlink beamforming matrix multiple times.

当第一次执行子步骤201时,虚拟噪声功率集合中的值可以是初始化时设定的值,当后续循环执行子步骤201时,虚拟噪声功率集合中的值可以是上一次执行子步骤202时计算得到的虚拟噪声功率值。When substep 201 is executed for the first time, the value in the virtual noise power set can be the value set during initialization, and when the subsequent cycle executes substep 201, the value in the virtual noise power set can be the last execution of substep 202 The virtual noise power value calculated at .

在本发明的一个实施例中,参考图3,子步骤201可以进一步包括如下子步骤301至305。In an embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 3 , substep 201 may further include the following substeps 301 to 305 .

在子步骤301中,根据服务质量上限值和服务质量下限值得到服务质量中间值。In sub-step 301, an intermediate quality of service value is obtained according to the upper limit value of the quality of service and the lower limit value of the quality of service.

在本发明的一个实施例中,服务质量中间值γ=(γLu)/2。In one embodiment of the present invention, the service quality intermediate value γ=(γ Lu )/2.

在子步骤302中,根据服务质量中间值、虚拟噪声功率集合和传输信道矢量计算虚拟下行波束赋形矩阵。In sub-step 302, a virtual downlink beamforming matrix is calculated according to the service quality median value, the virtual noise power set and the transmission channel vector.

在本发明的一个实施例中,子步骤302可以包含如下子步骤302-1至302-6:In one embodiment of the present invention, substep 302 may include the following substeps 302-1 to 302-6:

在子步骤302-1中,设置并初始化:In sub-step 302-1, set and initialize:

第一辅助矩阵U(l)=W=H;The first auxiliary matrix U (l) = W = H;

第二辅助矩阵D(l)=[HHU,t];The second auxiliary matrix D (l) = [H H U, t];

对应于约束条件U=W的拉格朗日矩阵乘数因子Ζ(l)=rand(K*T,M);Lagrangian matrix multiplier factor Z (l) =rand(K*T, M) corresponding to constraint condition U=W;

对应于约束D=[HHU,t]条件的拉格朗日矩阵乘数因子Λ(l)=rand(M,M+1),其中H=[h1,h2,...,hM],W为虚拟下行波束赋形矩阵,l表示子步骤302-2被反复执行的次数。为虚拟噪声功率集合,T表示矩阵或向量的转置操作,rand(m,n)表示一个m×n维的随机矩阵,该随机矩阵中的每个元素的值可以是在0到1之间均匀分布的一个随机数。Lagrangian matrix multiplier factor Λ (l) =rand(M,M+1) corresponding to constraint D=[H H U,t] condition, where H=[h 1 , h 2 ,..., h M ], W is the virtual downlink beamforming matrix, and l represents the number of times sub-step 302-2 is repeatedly executed. It is a set of virtual noise power, T represents the transpose operation of matrix or vector, rand(m,n) represents an m×n-dimensional random matrix, and the value of each element in the random matrix can be between 0 and 1 A random number from a uniform distribution.

在子步骤302-2中,根据如下公式对第一辅助矩阵进行更新:In sub-step 302-2, the first auxiliary matrix is updated according to the following formula:

其中, 表示由矩阵D(l)的最右边一列所组成的向量,表示矩阵D(l)中除开的剩余部分;表示由矩阵Λ(l)的最右边一列所组成的向量,表示矩阵Λ(l)中除开的剩余部分;参数c可以选取大于零的数。in, Represents the vector consisting of the rightmost column of the matrix D (l) , Indicates that the matrix D (l) except the remainder of Represents the vector consisting of the rightmost column of the matrix Λ (l) , Indicates that the matrix Λ (l) except The remaining part; the parameter c can choose a number greater than zero.

若κU=0时能够使得则κU的值取零;否则可以搜索κU的值,使得其中,Tr(.)表示求矩阵的迹。If κ U = 0, it can make Then the value of κ U is zero; otherwise, the value of κ U can be searched such that Among them, Tr(.) means to find the trace of the matrix.

在子步骤302-3中,对虚拟下行波束赋形矩阵W进行更新,虚拟下行波束赋形矩阵的第k个行块可以通过如下公式进行更新:In sub-step 302-3, the virtual downlink beamforming matrix W is updated, and the kth row block of the virtual downlink beamforming matrix can be updated by the following formula:

其中,βk为基站k被选取入基站簇的权重,Zk和Uk分别为矩阵Z和U的第k个行块,和Wk维度相同。其中,|| ||F表示F范数。Among them, β k is the weight of base station k being selected into the base station cluster, Z k and U k are the kth row block of matrix Z and U, respectively, and have the same dimension as W k . Among them, || || F represents the F norm.

在子步骤302-4中,通过如下公式对第二辅助矩阵D进行更新:In sub-step 302-4, the second auxiliary matrix D is updated by the following formula:

其中,dm,-m表示第二辅助矩阵D的第m行中除去元素dm,m后的剩下部分;ym表示矩阵[HHU(l+1),t]的第m行,ym,m表示矩阵[HHU(l+1),t]的第m行m列元素,ym,-m是ym中除去ym,m后的剩下部分;Λm表示矩阵Λ的第m行,Λm,m表示矩阵Λ的第m行m列元素,Λm,-m是Λm中除去Λm,m后的剩下部分。Among them, d m,-m represents the remaining part after removing the element d m,m in the mth row of the second auxiliary matrix D; y m represents the mth row of the matrix [H H U (l+1) ,t] , y m, m represent the elements of the mth row m column of the matrix [H H U (l+1) ,t], y m, -m is the remaining part after removing y m , m in y m; Λ m represents The m-th row of matrix Λ, Λ m, m represents the m-th row and m-column elements of matrix Λ, Λ m,-m is the remaining part after Λ m, m is removed from Λ m.

时:μm=0;when When: μ m = 0;

时:when Time:

时,dm=0,即矩阵D的第m行全为0;when When , d m =0, that is, the mth row of matrix D is all 0;

其中,|| ||2表示2范数。Among them, || || 2 represents the 2-norm.

在子步骤302-5中,更新Ζ(l+1)=Ζ(l)+c(U(l+1)-W(l+1))和Λ(l+1)=Λ(l)+c(D(l+1)-[HHU(l+1),t])。In sub-step 302-5, update Z (l+1) = Z (l) + c(U (l+1) -W (l+1) ) and Λ (l+1) = Λ (l) + c(D (l+1) -[H H U (l+1) ,t]).

在子步骤302-6中,In substep 302-6,

当||U(l+1)-U(l)||F+||W(l+1)-W(l)||F+||D(l+1)-D(l)||F+||Z(l+1)-Z(l)||F+||Λ(l+1)(l)||F≤a1时,结束子步骤302并进入子步骤303,否则,返回子步骤302-2。其中,a1为预先设定的终止门限。When ||U (l+1) -U (l) || F +||W (l+1) -W (l) || F +||D (l+1) -D (l) || When F +||Z (l+1) -Z (l) || F +||Λ (l+1)(l) || Fa 1 , end sub-step 302 and enter sub-step 303, Otherwise, return to substep 302-2. Wherein, a 1 is a preset termination threshold.

需要强调的是,子步骤302-2到子步骤302-5之间的执行顺序可以任意调整,即:可以先执行这三个子步骤中的任意一个,再执行剩余两个子步骤中的任意一个,再执行剩余的最后一个。It should be emphasized that the execution sequence between substep 302-2 and substep 302-5 can be adjusted arbitrarily, that is, any one of these three substeps can be executed first, and then any one of the remaining two substeps can be executed. Execute the last remaining one.

在子步骤303中,根据计算得到虚拟下行波束赋形矩阵与稀疏度参数的比较结果来调整服务质量上限值和服务质量下限值。In sub-step 303, the QoS upper limit and QoS lower limit are adjusted according to the comparison result between the calculated virtual downlink beamforming matrix and the sparsity parameter.

在本发明的一个实施例中,可以通过如下规则对计算得到虚拟下行波束赋形矩阵与稀疏度参数进行比较:In an embodiment of the present invention, the calculated virtual downlink beamforming matrix can be compared with the sparsity parameter by the following rules:

若计算得到虚拟下行波束赋形矩阵W满足则令γL=γ,否则令γu=γ。即:将服务质量下限值γL的大小调整为等于服务质量中间值γ,或将服务质量上限值γu的大小调整为等于服务质量中间值γ。If the calculated virtual downlink beamforming matrix W satisfies Then let γ L =γ, otherwise let γ u =γ. That is: adjust the size of the lower limit value γ L of the service quality to be equal to the middle value γ of the service quality, or adjust the size of the upper limit value γ u of the service quality to be equal to the middle value γ of the service quality.

在子步骤304中,根据调整后的服务质量上限值和调整后的服务质量下限值更新服务质量中间值。In sub-step 304, the intermediate value of the quality of service is updated according to the adjusted upper limit of the quality of service and the adjusted lower limit of the quality of service.

在本发明的一个实施例中,可以用子步骤301中的公式来更新服务质量中间值。In an embodiment of the present invention, the formula in sub-step 301 may be used to update the intermediate value of the quality of service.

在子步骤305中,当最近两次更新得到的服务质量中间值的差异小于预先设定的第二门限值时,输出虚拟下行波束赋形矩阵。In sub-step 305, when the difference between the QoS intermediate values obtained by the latest two updates is smaller than the second preset threshold value, a virtual downlink beamforming matrix is output.

在本发明的一个实施例中,可以通过如下不等式判定最近两次更新得到的服务质量中间值的差异是否小于预先设定的第二门限值:In one embodiment of the present invention, the following inequality can be used to determine whether the difference between the service quality intermediate values obtained by the latest two updates is smaller than the preset second threshold value:

(t)(t-1)|<δ2 (t)(t-1) |<δ 2

其中,δ2表示预先设定的第二门限值,γ(t)表示第t轮更新得到的服务质量中间值,γ(t-1)表示第t-1轮更新得到的服务质量中间值,|.|表示求绝对值。Among them, δ2 represents the preset second threshold value, γ (t) represents the intermediate value of the service quality obtained in the t-th round of update, and γ (t-1) represents the service quality intermediate value obtained in the t-1th round of update , |.| means seeking the absolute value.

在本发明的一个实施例中,当最近两次更新得到的服务质量中间值的差异不小于预先设定的第二门限值时,可以返回子步骤301。In an embodiment of the present invention, when the difference between the service quality intermediate values obtained from the latest two updates is not less than the preset second threshold value, the process may return to sub-step 301 .

在子步骤202中,保持虚拟下行波束赋形矩阵不变,对虚拟噪声功率集合进行多次更新。In sub-step 202, the virtual downlink beamforming matrix is kept unchanged, and the virtual noise power set is updated multiple times.

在本发明的一个实施例中,参考图4,子步骤202可以包含如下子步骤401至405。In an embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 4 , substep 202 may include the following substeps 401 to 405 .

在子步骤401中,根据服务质量上限值和服务质量下限值得到服务质量中间值。In sub-step 401, an intermediate quality of service value is obtained according to the upper limit value of the quality of service and the lower limit value of the quality of service.

在本发明的一个实施例中,服务质量中间值γ=(γLu)/2。In one embodiment of the present invention, the service quality intermediate value γ=(γ Lu )/2.

在子步骤402中,根据服务质量中间值、虚拟下行波束赋形矩阵和传输信道矢量计算虚拟噪声功率集合。In sub-step 402, a virtual noise power set is calculated according to the service quality intermediate value, the virtual downlink beamforming matrix and the transmission channel vector.

在本发明的一个实施例中,可以通过如下公式计算虚拟噪声功率集合:In one embodiment of the present invention, the virtual noise power set can be calculated by the following formula:

其中 in

θm为虚拟噪声功率集合中的第m个元素,即:第m个移动台的虚拟噪声功率,γ为服务质量中间值,wm为虚拟下行波束赋形矩阵的第m个列块,hm为第m个移动台的传输信道矢量,为hm的共轭转置,M为多个移动台的总数。θ m is the mth element in the virtual noise power set, namely: the virtual noise power of the mth mobile station, γ is the median value of service quality, w m is the mth column block of the virtual downlink beamforming matrix, h m is the transmission channel vector of the mth mobile station, is the conjugate transpose of h m , and M is the total number of multiple mobile stations.

在子步骤403中,根据计算得到虚拟噪声功率集合与发射功率上限值的比较结果来调整服务质量上限值和服务质量下限值。In sub-step 403, the upper limit value of the quality of service and the lower limit value of the quality of service are adjusted according to the comparison result of the calculated virtual noise power set and the upper limit value of the transmission power.

在本发明的一个实施例中,可以通过如下规则来对虚拟噪声功率集合与发射功率上限值进行比较:In an embodiment of the present invention, the virtual noise power set can be compared with the transmit power upper limit by the following rules:

时,将服务质量下限值的大小调整为等于服务质量中间值,否则,将服务质量上限值的大小调整为等于服务质量中间值;when , adjust the lower limit value of the service quality to be equal to the middle value of the service quality, otherwise, adjust the size of the upper limit value of the service quality to be equal to the middle value of the service quality;

其中,θm为虚拟噪声功率集合中的第m个元素,Pm为第m个移动台的发射功率上限值,M为多个移动台的总数。Among them, θ m is the mth element in the virtual noise power set, P m is the transmit power upper limit of the mth mobile station, and M is the total number of multiple mobile stations.

在子步骤404中,根据调整后的服务质量上限值和调整后的服务质量下限值更新服务质量中间值。In sub-step 404, the intermediate value of the quality of service is updated according to the adjusted upper limit value of the quality of service and the adjusted lower limit value of the quality of service.

在本发明的一个实施例中,可以用子步骤401中的公式来更新服务质量中间值。In an embodiment of the present invention, the formula in sub-step 401 may be used to update the intermediate value of the quality of service.

在子步骤405中,当最近两次更新得到的服务质量中间值的差异小于预先设定的第三门限值时,输出虚拟噪声功率集合。In sub-step 405, when the difference between the QoS intermediate values obtained from the latest two updates is smaller than a preset third threshold value, a virtual noise power set is output.

在本发明的一个实施例中,可以通过如下不等式判定最近两次更新得到的服务质量中间值的差异是否小于预先设定的第三门限值:In one embodiment of the present invention, the following inequality can be used to determine whether the difference between the service quality intermediate values obtained by the latest two updates is smaller than the preset third threshold value:

(t)(t-1)|<δ3 (t)(t-1) |<δ 3

其中,δ3表示预先设定的第三门限值,γ(t)表示第t轮更新得到的服务质量中间值,γ(t-1)表示第t-1轮更新得到的服务质量中间值,|.|表示求绝对值。Among them, δ3 represents the preset third threshold value, γ (t) represents the intermediate value of the service quality obtained in the t-th round of update, and γ (t-1) represents the service quality intermediate value obtained in the t-1th round of update , |.| means seeking the absolute value.

需要说明的是,可以多次循环执行上述的子步骤201至202,每次执行完后,可以判断最近两轮更新得到的虚拟噪声功率集合之间的差异是否小于预先设定的第一门限值。具体来说,可以判断如下不等式是否成立:It should be noted that the above-mentioned sub-steps 201 to 202 can be executed repeatedly, and after each execution, it can be judged whether the difference between the virtual noise power sets obtained in the latest two rounds of updates is smaller than the preset first threshold value. Specifically, it can be judged whether the following inequalities hold:

其中,τ表示预先设定的第一门限值,表示第n轮更新得到的第m个移动台的虚拟噪声功率,表示第n-1轮更新得到的第m个移动台的虚拟噪声功率。Wherein, τ represents a preset first threshold value, Indicates the virtual noise power of the mth mobile station obtained from the nth round of update, Indicates the virtual noise power of the mth mobile station obtained from the n-1th round of update.

如果该不等式成立,则输出虚拟下行波束赋形矩阵并结束步骤102,否则,重复执行步骤102,即:重复循环执行子步骤201至子步骤202。If the inequality is true, then output the virtual downlink beamforming matrix and end step 102; otherwise, repeat step 102, that is, repeat and execute substep 201 to substep 202 in a loop.

需要强调的是,子步骤201和子步骤202的执行顺序可以交换,即:可以先执行子步骤201,再执行子步骤202;也可以先执行子步骤202,再执行子步骤201。It should be emphasized that the execution order of sub-step 201 and sub-step 202 can be exchanged, that is, sub-step 201 can be executed first, and then sub-step 202 can be executed; or sub-step 202 can be executed first, and then sub-step 201 can be executed.

在步骤103中,将移动台接入到由最近一轮更新得到的虚拟下行波束赋形矩阵所指示的基站簇。In step 103, the mobile station is connected to the base station cluster indicated by the virtual downlink beamforming matrix obtained in the latest round of update.

当最近两轮更新得到的虚拟噪声功率集合之间的差异小于预先设定的第一门限值时,步骤102将输出最近一轮更新得到的虚拟下行波束赋形矩阵。在本发明的一个实施例中,可以将移动台接入到该矩阵中的非零行块所对应的基站。When the difference between the virtual noise power sets obtained in the latest two rounds of updates is smaller than the preset first threshold, step 102 will output the virtual downlink beamforming matrix obtained in the latest round of updates. In an embodiment of the present invention, the mobile station can be connected to the base station corresponding to the non-zero row block in the matrix.

至此描述了根据本发明的为多个移动台选取同一组接入基站簇方法的一个实施例100,该方法能够为多个移动台选取同一组接入基站簇,并能够最大化多个移动台中的最小信干比。So far, an embodiment 100 of the method for selecting the same group of access base station clusters for multiple mobile stations according to the present invention has been described. The method can select the same group of access base station clusters for multiple mobile stations, and can maximize the minimum signal-to-interference ratio.

参考图5,图5所示为本发明的为多个移动台选取同一组接入基站簇方法的另一个实施例500。实施例500可以包含步骤501至504,其中的步骤501至503与上述的步骤101至103类似,这里不再赘述。Referring to FIG. 5 , FIG. 5 shows another embodiment 500 of the method for selecting the same group of access base station clusters for multiple mobile stations of the present invention. Embodiment 500 may include steps 501 to 504, wherein steps 501 to 503 are similar to steps 101 to 103 described above, and will not be repeated here.

在步骤504中,在去除稀疏度参数的限制的情况下,计算移动台的上行波束赋形和发射功率。In step 504, the uplink beamforming and transmit power of the mobile station are calculated under the condition that the limitation of the sparsity parameter is removed.

在本发明的一个实施例中,步骤504可以包含如下子步骤504-1至504-6。In one embodiment of the present invention, step 504 may include the following sub-steps 504-1 to 504-6.

在子步骤504-1中,计算上行波束赋形矢量In sub-step 504-1, calculate the uplink beamforming vector

其中,表示第i次执行子步骤504-1时得到的移动台m的上行波束赋形矢量,σ2为噪声功率,I为单位矩阵,M为移动台的总数,表示第i-1次执行子步骤504-3时得到的第n个移动台的发射功率,表示第n个移动台与被选中的为其提供接入服务的基站之间的信道信息,表示的共轭转置,(.)-1表示求逆矩阵。in, Represents the uplink beamforming vector of mobile station m obtained when executing sub-step 504-1 for the ith time, σ 2 is the noise power, I is the identity matrix, and M is the total number of mobile stations, Indicates the transmit power of the nth mobile station obtained when executing substep 504-3 for the i-1th time, Indicates the channel information between the nth mobile station and the selected base station providing access services for it, express The conjugate transpose of , (.) -1 means to invert the matrix.

在子步骤504-2中,计算信干比的初始值:In sub-step 504-2, the initial value of the signal-to-interference ratio is calculated:

在子步骤504-3中,计算移动台的发射功率和信干比:In sub-step 504-3, the transmit power and signal-to-interference ratio of the mobile station are calculated:

对移动台m,可以先通过公式计算其发射功率然后可以通过公式调整其发射功率。For mobile station m, you can first pass the formula Calculate its transmit power Then the formula can be Adjust its transmit power.

信干比 Signal to Interference Ratio

其中,表示第j次执行子步骤504-3时得到的移动台m的发射功率,表示第j次执行子步骤504-3时得到的移动台m的信干比。in, Indicates the transmit power of mobile station m obtained when executing substep 504-3 for the jth time, Indicates the signal-to-interference ratio of mobile station m obtained when executing substep 504-3 for the jth time.

在子步骤504-4中,如果则进入子步骤504-5,否则返回子步骤504-3,其中a2为预先设定的终止门限。In substep 504-4, if Then enter sub-step 504-5, otherwise return to sub-step 504-3, where a 2 is the preset termination threshold.

在子步骤504-5中,更新进入步骤504-6.In substep 504-5, update Go to step 504-6.

在子步骤504-6中,如果|γ(i)(i-1)|<a3,则输出移动台的上行波束赋形和发射功率否则返回子步骤504-1,其中a3为预先设定的终止门限。In sub-step 504-6, if |γ (i)(i-1) |<a 3 , output the uplink beamforming and transmit power of the mobile station Otherwise, return to sub-step 504-1, where a 3 is a preset termination threshold.

至此描述了本发明的为多个移动台选取同一组接入基站簇方法另一实施例500,在实施例100基础上,实施例500还能够调整限制每个移动台的发送功率,并优化每个移动台的上行波束赋形。So far, another embodiment 500 of the method for selecting the same group of mobile stations to access the base station cluster of the present invention has been described. On the basis of embodiment 100, embodiment 500 can also adjust and limit the transmission power of each mobile station, and optimize the transmission power of each mobile station. Uplink beamforming of mobile stations.

Claims (8)

1. A method for selecting a same group of access base station clusters for a plurality of mobile stations is characterized by comprising the following steps:
parameter setting step: setting a sparsity parameter for indicating an upper limit value of the number of base stations in the base station cluster, an upper limit value of transmission power of each of the plurality of mobile stations, a transmission channel vector between each of the plurality of mobile stations and all optional base stations, and an upper limit value and a lower limit value of quality of service of each of the plurality of mobile stations;
an updating step: performing multiple rounds of updating on the virtual downlink beamforming matrixes and the virtual noise power sets of the mobile stations according to the parameter values set in the parameter setting step until the difference between the virtual noise power sets obtained by the last two rounds of updating is smaller than a preset first threshold value; and
selecting: and accessing the mobile station to a base station cluster indicated by the virtual downlink beamforming matrix obtained by the latest round of updating.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the updating step further comprises:
keeping the virtual noise power set unchanged, and updating the virtual downlink beamforming matrix for multiple times; and
and keeping the virtual downlink beamforming matrix unchanged, and updating the virtual noise power set for multiple times.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of updating the virtual downlink beamforming matrix a plurality of times while keeping the virtual noise power set unchanged further comprises:
obtaining a service quality intermediate value according to the service quality upper limit value and the service quality lower limit value;
calculating the virtual downlink beamforming matrix according to the service quality intermediate value, the virtual noise power set and the transmission channel vector;
adjusting the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the service quality according to the comparison result of the virtual downlink beamforming matrix and the sparsity parameter obtained through calculation;
updating the service quality intermediate value according to the adjusted service quality upper limit value and the adjusted service quality lower limit value; and
and when the difference of the service quality intermediate values obtained by the latest two updates is smaller than a preset second threshold value, outputting the virtual downlink beamforming matrix.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the step of adjusting the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the quality of service according to the comparison result of the computed virtual downlink beamforming matrix and the sparsity parameter further comprises:
when in useIf not, adjusting the size of the service quality upper limit value to be equal to the service quality middle value;
wherein α is the sparsity parameter, wkis the K-th line block in the virtual downlink beamforming matrix, K is the total number of the selectable base stations, βkIs the weight chosen for the kth.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of updating the virtual noise power set multiple times while keeping the virtual downlink beamforming matrix unchanged further comprises:
obtaining a service quality intermediate value according to the service quality upper limit value and the service quality lower limit value;
calculating the virtual noise power set according to the service quality intermediate value, the virtual downlink beamforming matrix and the transmission channel vector;
adjusting the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the service quality according to the comparison result of the virtual noise power set and the upper limit value of the transmitting power obtained by calculation;
updating the service quality intermediate value according to the adjusted service quality upper limit value and the adjusted service quality lower limit value; and
and when the difference of the service quality intermediate values obtained by the last two updates is smaller than a preset third threshold value, outputting the virtual noise power set.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of calculating the virtual noise power set according to the QoS intermediate value, the virtual downlink beamforming matrix and the transmission channel vector further comprises:
according toCalculating the set of virtual noise powers;
wherein
θmFor the mth element in the virtual noise power set, γ is the quality of service median, wmIs the m column block, h, of the virtual downlink beamforming matrixmFor the transport channel vector of the mth mobile station,is hmM is the total number of the mobile stations, wnAnd H represents conjugate transpose for the nth column block of the virtual downlink beamforming matrix.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of adjusting the upper and lower qos limits based on the comparison of the calculated virtual noise power set and the upper transmit power limit further comprises:
when in useIf not, adjusting the size of the service quality upper limit value to be equal to the service quality middle value;
wherein, thetamFor the m-th element, P, in the virtual noise power setmIs the upper limit value of the transmitting power of the mth mobile station, and M is the total number of the plurality of mobile stations.
8. The method of any of claims 1-7, further comprising:
and under the condition of removing the limitation of the sparsity parameter, calculating the uplink beam forming and the transmitting power of the mobile station.
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