CN104865475A - Line loss monitoring device - Google Patents

Abstract

A line loss monitoring device provided by the present invention includes several collection terminals and monitoring terminals. The collection terminal includes a single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer drives the power collector through a drive circuit. The monitoring end includes a wireless receiving module and a central processing unit, and the acquisition end and the monitoring end perform data communication through a wireless network. Not only is the cost low and the scope of application is wide, but it can timely and accurately know the line loss status and data in the monitoring field, assist in timely repair and stop problems or behaviors that affect line loss, and can also contribute to the accumulation of actual power supply in the region. The line loss data provides support for standardizing the line loss value.

Description

A line loss monitoring device

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of power control, in particular to a line loss monitoring device.

Background technique

Line loss refers to the energy loss dissipated in the form of heat energy, that is, the active power consumed by resistance and conductance. The reasons for the line loss during the transmission of electric energy are as follows:

1. Resistance effect: The wires of the line, the transformer, and the winding of the motor are all conductors of copper or aluminum materials. When the current passes, it presents a resistance to the current, which is called the resistance of the conductor. In the transmission of electric energy in the power network, the resistance of the conductor must be overcome, resulting in the loss of electric energy, which is seen in the heating of the conductor. Since this loss is caused by the resistance of the conductor, it is called resistive loss, which is proportional to the square of the current. The losses in the windings of transformers, motors, etc. are also commonly referred to as copper losses.

2. Magnetic field effect: The transformer needs to establish and maintain an alternating magnetic field in order to step up or step down. The motor needs to establish and maintain a rotating magnetic field in order to run and drive the production machinery to do work. The process by which electric current establishes a magnetic field in electrical equipment, that is, the electromagnetic conversion process. In this process, due to the action of the alternating magnetic field, hysteresis and eddy currents are generated in the iron core of the electrical equipment, which causes the iron core to heat up, resulting in power loss. Since this loss is generated during the electromagnetic conversion process, it is called magnetic excitation loss, which causes the iron core to heat up, and is usually called iron loss.

3. Reasons for management: Due to the insufficient management of the power supply management department and relevant personnel, there are loopholes, resulting in users’ illegal use of electricity and electricity theft, leakage of power grid components, errors in power metering devices, and meter reading personnel’s missed readings, wrong readings, etc. resulting in power loss. Since this kind of loss has no certain rules and is not easy to measure, it is called unknown loss. Unknown losses are generated during the business process of power supply enterprises, so they are also called operating losses.

At present, most of the power supply enterprises use the traditional monthly meter reading method to calculate the line loss statistics. However, this method takes too long to obtain the line loss and the accuracy rate is low. When the line loss is too large, it cannot If it is detected and stopped in time, the loss and waste generated will be too large.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the defects in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a line loss monitoring device with low cost and wide application range, which can timely and accurately know the line loss status and data in the monitoring field, and can not only timely repair and Stopping problems or behaviors that affect line loss can also provide support for accumulating line loss data during the actual power supply process in the region and standardizing line loss values.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the solution of the present invention includes: a line loss monitoring device, which is characterized in that it includes several collection terminals and monitoring terminals, the collection terminal includes a single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer drives the power collector through a drive circuit, The single-chip microcomputer is respectively connected with the wireless transmitting module and the timer, the monitoring terminal includes a wireless receiving module and a central processing unit, and the collection terminal and the monitoring terminal perform data communication through a wireless network.

Preferably, the single-chip microcomputer is a 51 series single-chip microcomputer.

Preferably, the wireless network adopts one of the following transmission modes: 3G, 4G, CDMA, GSM, GPRS, WLAN.

Further, the monitoring terminal also includes a numerical comparator and an alarm, the input of the numerical comparator is connected to the central processing unit, and the output of the numerical comparator is connected to the alarm through a driving circuit.

Further, the monitoring terminal also includes a GPRS module, the input terminal of the GPRS module is connected to the output terminal of the numerical comparator through the driving circuit, and the GPRS module can send a short message to the patrol maintenance personnel when starting.

Further, the monitoring terminal also includes a display screen, which is connected to the central processing unit and can display status values.

Further, the monitoring terminal is provided with a data server, and the data server is connected to the central processing unit for storing line loss data.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The entire device is designed with a decentralized collection terminal and an integrated monitoring terminal. Since the collection terminal is a unified modular design, it can be mass-produced and the production cost is reduced. The data communication between the collection terminal and the monitoring terminal is carried out through a wireless network. Therefore, the laying and transformation of communication lines can be avoided, and the installation cost and maintenance cost are reduced.

2. Use numerical comparators and alarms to realize the alarm function, because numerical comparators and alarms are very mature technologies, so the cost is very low, and even if they are damaged, they are easy to replace; at the same time, in order to solve the problem of monitoring personnel leaving the monitoring area To know the alarm information, and the inspection personnel to know the problem of line loss alarm in time, the GPRS module is designed to ensure that the alarm information is transmitted to all personnel in time.

3. The display screen and data server are designed, which can realize the display and storage of line loss data. On the one hand, the line status can be known through real-time line loss data display, and provide a fast and direct judgment basis for maintenance personnel to solve the line loss problem. At the same time, a large amount of line loss data stored can provide a data basis for local line design and achieve better design results.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure principle of the third embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The specific implementation of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the implementation examples described here are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Example 1

A kind of line loss monitoring device as shown in Figure 1, comprises several collection ends and monitor end, and described collection end comprises single-chip microcomputer, and described single-chip microcomputer drives electric power collector by driving circuit, and described single-chip microcomputer is connected with wireless transmission module respectively Connect with the timer, the monitoring terminal includes a wireless receiving module, a central processing unit, a numerical comparator and an alarm, the input of the numerical comparator is connected to the central processing unit, and the output of the numerical comparator passes through a drive circuit The alarm is connected, and the collection terminal and the monitoring terminal perform data communication through a wireless network. Wherein, the single-chip microcomputer is a 51 series single-chip microcomputer, and the wireless network adopts one of the following transmission modes: 3G, 4G, CDMA, GSM, GPRS, WLAN.

In actual use, each collection terminal corresponds to an electric meter. Due to the existence of the timer, the timer can be set to start on the hour. The setting method can be 1 hour as the countdown interval. When the countdown is completed, start once. During the countdown, the single-chip microcomputer is in a dormant state. When the countdown is completed, the single-chip microcomputer is activated, and the power collector is driven through the drive circuit to realize power collection, and then the power data is sent to the monitoring terminal by using the wireless transmission module. After the monitoring terminal receives the power data, the central processing The controller calculates the line loss value of each station area (in the power system, a station area refers to the power supply range of a transformer) according to the number that comes with the front end of the power data, and the calculated line loss value enters the numerical comparator and compares it with the preset numerical value. Yes, if the measured line loss value is greater than the preset value, the drive alarm will send out an alarm.

As for how to distinguish different regions, different codes are used to realize it. Assume that a station area contains 5 electric meters, among which, electric meter 1 is the main electric meter, electric meters 2, 3, 4, and 5 are sub electric meters. At this time, the number of electric meter 1 is 0010, and the numbers of electric meters 2-5 are 0011, 0012, 0013, 0014, 0015, in the above numbers, 001 is the number of the station area, which is used to distinguish it from other station areas (other station areas can be 002, 003, etc.), the last digit is 0 to indicate the general table, 1 Non-zero values such as -5 indicate sub-tables.

When sending the collected power data, in addition to the number, it also includes the degree and date. Therefore, at 9 am on April 1, 2015, if the reading of the meter 1 is 10 degrees, the data sent should be "0010_10 degrees_ 201504010900".

Still taking the above five electric meters as an example to illustrate the line loss monitoring data between 9:00 am and 10:00 am, the specific process is as follows:

At 9 o'clock in the morning, the collection ends of meters 1-5 are set to start at the same time to collect power data. The information sent by meter 1 is "0010_70 degrees_201504010900", the information sent by meter 2 is "0011_10 degrees_201504010900", and the information sent by meter 3 is The information is "0012_15 degrees_201504010900", the information sent by the electric meter 4 is "0013_20 degrees_201504010900", and the information sent by the electric meter 5 is "0014_9 degrees_201504010900".

At 10 o'clock in the morning, the acquisition end collects data again. The information sent by meter 1 is "0010_90 degrees_201504011000", the information sent by meter 2 is "0011_14 degrees_201504011000", and the information sent by meter 3 is "0012_17 degrees_201504011000". The information sent by 4 is "0013_22 degrees_201504011000", and the information sent by meter 5 is "0014_15 degrees_201504011000".

The central processor has a serial number to identify that the meters 1-5 are in the same area, and the meter 1 is the master meter, and the meters 2-5 are the sub-meters. The existing calculation mode is used for calculation. The line loss calculation formula is:

Line loss = (total meter power - sum of sub-meter power) / total meter power; among them, total meter power = (degrees measured at 10 o'clock - degrees measured at 9 o'clock) × magnification (here the magnification is set to 1); Meter electricity = (degrees measured at 10 points - degrees measured at 9 points) × magnification (here the magnification is set to 1).

Therefore, the calculated total meter power = (90-70) × 1 = 20; the sum of sub-meter power = (14-10) × 1 + (17-15) × 1 + (22-20) × 1 + (15 -9)×1=14; line loss=(20-14)/20=0.3.

If the preset value of the numerical comparator is 0.18, then the detection value 0.3 is obviously greater than 0.18, and the numerical comparator drives the alarm to issue an alarm.

It should be noted that the magnification in the calculation formula refers to the magnification of the power value in the information at the bottom of the table.

Since the monitoring device starts up every hour and calculates the line loss value, when the line loss value is too high in a certain hour, an alarm can be issued in time, which reduces the line loss monitoring interval to one hour. Since the timer can be set freely between 0-100 hours, the detection interval can be freely controlled, ranging from a few minutes to a few days, and can be adjusted according to the actual situation.

Example 2

When the monitoring personnel leave their positions, in order to ensure that the alarm information is conveyed to the monitoring personnel in time, and the maintenance personnel patrolling outside, further, as shown in Figure 2, the described monitoring terminal also includes a GPRS module, and the GPRS module The input end is connected to the output end of the numerical comparator through the driving circuit. When the numerical comparator draws the conclusion that the current line loss value is greater than the preset value, the GPRS module will also be started while starting the alarm. The GPRS chip in the GPRS module Several phone numbers are preset, and these phone numbers are the working mobile phone numbers of monitoring personnel and inspection personnel. The GPRS module can send short messages to the inspection and maintenance personnel when starting to inform the alarm information.

Example 3

Since the alarm information is vague, it is impossible to provide better help for the maintenance personnel. In order to know the clear and accurate line loss value, so that the monitoring personnel and the inspection personnel can communicate better, and provide data support for the maintenance work, further, as shown in Figure 3 As shown, the monitoring terminal also includes a display screen, which is connected to the central processing unit and can display status values. At the same time, in order to facilitate the accumulation of station area data and provide data support for later power grid upgrades and line design, the monitoring terminal is equipped with a data server, and the data server is connected to the central processing unit for storing line loss data.

It should be understood that the above-mentioned descriptions for the preferred embodiments are relatively detailed, and should not therefore be considered as limiting the scope of the patent protection of the present invention. Within the scope of protection, various modifications such as replacement and simple combination can also be made, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A line loss monitoring device, characterized in that, comprises several collection terminals and monitoring terminals, and the collection terminal comprises a single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer drives the power collector by a drive circuit, and the single-chip microcomputer is connected with the wireless transmission module respectively connected with the timer, the monitoring end includes a wireless receiving module and a central processing unit, and the acquisition end and the monitoring end perform data communication through a wireless network. 2. A line loss monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that said single-chip microcomputer is a 51 series single-chip microcomputer. 3. A line loss monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the wireless network adopts one of the following transmission modes: 3G, 4G, CDMA, GSM, GPRS, WLAN. 4. A line loss monitoring device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, the monitoring terminal also includes a numerical comparator and an alarm, and the input terminal of the numerical comparator is connected to the central processing unit device, and the output terminal of the numerical comparator is connected to an alarm through a drive circuit. 5 . The line loss monitoring device according to claim 4 , wherein the monitoring terminal further includes a GPRS module, and the input terminal of the GPRS module is connected to the output terminal of the numerical comparator through a driving circuit. 6 . A line loss monitoring device according to claim 5 , wherein the monitoring terminal further includes a display screen, and the display screen is connected to a central processing unit. 7 . 7. A line loss monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, said monitoring terminal is provided with a data server, and said data server is connected to a central processing unit.