CN104862017A - Purification system and method for coal gas quality improvement - Google Patents
Purification system and method for coal gas quality improvement Download PDFInfo
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- CN104862017A CN104862017A CN201510228863.9A CN201510228863A CN104862017A CN 104862017 A CN104862017 A CN 104862017A CN 201510228863 A CN201510228863 A CN 201510228863A CN 104862017 A CN104862017 A CN 104862017A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/34—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by catalytic conversion of impurities to more readily removable materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/02—Dust removal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/04—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials
- C10K1/046—Reducing the tar content
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Abstract
The invention relates to coal gasification fields, in particular to a purification system and a purification method for coal gas quality improvement. The purification system and the purification method for the coal gas quality improvement can increase contents of methane and light tar in raw coal gas, and simultaneously reduce wastewater quantity generated during a coal gas purification process, and overcome complex defects that purification process is complex, large amount of organic waste water is generated, and environmental protection pressure is big due to the fact that waste pan technology and chilling technology are used in the prior art. The purification system for the coal gas quality improvement comprises a coal gas quality improvement system and a coal gas indirect condensation system, wherein an outlet of the coal gas quality improvement system is communicated with an inlet of the coal gas indirect condensation system, the coal gas quality improvement system is used to catalyze and improve the original raw coal gas so as to obtain quality improved raw coal gas, the contents of the methane and the light tar in the quality improved raw coal gas is higher than those in the original raw coal gas, and the coal gas indirect condensation system is used to condense the quality improved raw coal gas, and remove tar from the quality improved raw coal gas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gas purification field, particularly relate to a kind of improving quality of coal gas purification system and method.
Background technology
At present in various coal gasification process, mainly contain pyrolysis of coal, several conventional process such as gasification and gelatin liquefaction, the coal gas composition that different technique produces is different, form for different coal gas, need to select the gas purifying method be applicable to carry out purification upgrading to corresponding coal gas, common gas purification mode mainly contains useless pot technique and chilling technology two kinds, useless pot technique refers to by one-level or multistage waste heat boiler, the equipment of fly-ash separator and water wash column composition carries out the technique of gas purification upgrading, the gas purification principle of described useless pot technique is: raw gas is first through described one-level or multistage waste heat boiler, described one-level or multistage waste heat boiler are by the heat absorption in raw gas, raw gas after cooling carries out dedusting through fly-ash separator, coal gas after dedusting enters water wash column and carries out washing and coal gas after obtaining purification, chilling technology refers to the technique of being carried out gas purification upgrading by Quench and washing, purifying equipment, the gas purification principle of described chilling technology is: raw gas is first through Quench, coal gas after cooling carries out washing the coal gas after obtaining purification further.
But these two kinds of gas purification process above all need through water washing process, can produce a large amount of organic wastewaters, cause the difficult situation that cost for wastewater treatment is high, environmental protection pressure is large, in order to overcome the above problems, mainly contain two kinds of methods, a kind of for be optimized the composition of coal gas, reduce the tar heavy oil content in coal gas, and then reduce the organic wastewater amount produced in gas purification grading process, with pyrolysis of coal, these two kinds of techniques of gelatin liquefaction are compared, the raw gas that described coal gasifying process obtains has steam, the feature that hydrogen content is high and tar content is low, the organic wastewater amount produced in gas purification grading process can be reduced, but, the organic wastewater amount produced in gas purification grading process can not be reduced from root, exploitation is needed to be applicable to the new gas purification method for upgrading of the coal gas that described coal gasifying process produces.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is, provides a kind of improving quality of coal gas purification system and method, in increase raw gas while methane and tar light oil content, can reduce the wastewater flow rate produced in gas purification process.
On the one hand, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of improving quality of coal gas purification system, comprising: improving quality of coal gas system and coal gas indirect condensing system;
Wherein, the outlet of described improving quality of coal gas system and the inlet communication of described coal gas indirect condensing system;
Described improving quality of coal gas system is used for carrying out catalysis upgrading to original raw gas by catalyzer, and obtain the raw gas after upgrading, the raw gas after described upgrading is higher than the content of the methane in original raw gas and tar light oil;
Described coal gas indirect condensing system is used for carrying out condensation to the raw gas after described upgrading, by the tar removing in the raw gas after described upgrading.
Optionally, described original raw gas is the raw gas of catalytic gasification gained.
Preferably, described improving quality of coal gas system comprises the device for improving quality being provided with catalyzer.
Preferred further, described improving quality of coal gas system comprises the device for improving quality that at least two are respectively arranged with catalyzer, described at least two device for improving quality are connected in parallel, described at least two device for improving quality are used for replacing upgrading to the raw gas through described improving quality of coal gas system, a device for improving quality is to after the raw gas upgrading Preset Time of described improving quality of coal gas system, and another device for improving quality carries out upgrading to the raw gas through described improving quality of coal gas system.
Optionally, described catalyzer is the lime-ash of the catalytic coal gasifaction gained comprising an alkali metal salt.
Optionally, described coal gas indirect condensing system comprises the indirect condensing unit of at least one level, and the import of the indirect condensing unit of described at least one level and the outlet of described improving quality of coal gas system, for carrying out condensation to the raw gas after upgrading.
Preferably, described coal gas indirect condensing system comprises two-stage indirect condensing unit, is respectively the first indirect condensing unit and the second indirect condensing unit of serial communication successively, the import of described first indirect condensing unit and the outlet of described improving quality of coal gas system;
Described first indirect condensing unit is used for carrying out a condensation to the raw gas after described upgrading, obtain first liquid product and the first gaseous product, described second indirect condensing unit is used for proceeding condensation to obtain second liquid product and the second gaseous product to described first gaseous product.
Preferably, the outlet of described first condensing unit and the import of described second condensing unit are by the first pipeline communication, described first pipeline is communicated with the first storage tank by the 3rd pipeline, described first storage tank is for collecting described first liquid product, the outlet of described second indirect condensing unit is connected with second pipe, described second pipe is for exporting described second gaseous product, described second pipe is communicated with the second storage tank by the 4th pipeline, and described second storage tank is for collecting described second liquid product.
Preferred further, the temperature out of described first indirect condensing unit is 280-320 DEG C, and the temperature out of described second indirect condensing unit is less than 60 DEG C.
Optionally, described first pipeline is provided with the first temperature detector near described first indirect condensing unit exit, for detecting the temperature out of described first indirect condensing unit, described second pipe is provided with the second temperature detector, for detecting the temperature out of described second indirect condensing unit near described second indirect condensing unit exit.
Preferably, described first indirect condensing unit comprises the first condenser in parallel and the second condenser, described first condenser and the second condenser are used for carrying out alternately condensation to the raw gas after the upgrading of described first indirect condensing unit, first condenser is to the raw gas condensation after the described upgrading of described first indirect condensing unit, stop condensation when the temperature out of described first indirect condensing unit is greater than 320 DEG C and described first condenser is cleaned, described second condenser carries out condensation to the raw gas after the described upgrading of described first indirect condensing unit.
Preferred further, described second indirect condensing unit comprises the 3rd condenser in parallel and the 4th condenser, described 3rd condenser and the 4th condenser are used for carrying out alternately condensation to the first gaseous product through described second condensing unit, 3rd condenser is to the first gaseous product condensation through described second condensing unit, stop condensation when the temperature out of described second indirect condensing unit is greater than 60 DEG C and cleans described 3rd condenser, described 4th condenser carries out condensation to the first gaseous product through described second condensing unit.
Optionally, described system also comprises:
Dust removing units;
The outlet of described dust removing units and the inlet communication of described improving quality of coal gas system, for carrying out dedusting to the original raw gas entering described dust removing units.
Preferably, when described original raw gas is the raw gas of catalytic coal gasifaction gained, described dust removing units is arranged between described improving quality of coal gas system and coal gas indirect condensing system, the import of described dust removing units and described improving quality of coal gas system connectivity, the outlet of described dust removing units and described coal gas indirect condensing system connectivity.
Preferably, the temperature of described dust removing units remains on more than 500 DEG C.
Preferred further, described dust removing units comprises two fly-ash separators, and described two duster parallels connect or are connected in parallel.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of improving quality of coal gas purifying method, comprising:
Original raw gas is carried out improving quality of coal gas process in the first temperature under catalyst action and obtains the raw gas after upgrading, the raw gas after described upgrading than the methane of original raw gas and tar light oil content high;
Raw gas after upgrading is carried out indirect condensing process to remove the tar in the raw gas after described upgrading, obtain the coal gas after purification.
Preferably, described first temperature is 500-600 DEG C, and described catalyzer is the coal catalysis lime-ash comprising an alkali metal salt.
Optionally, described indirect condensing process comprises:
Raw gas after upgrading is carried out a condensation, obtain first liquid product and the first gaseous product;
Time condensation is carried out to described first gaseous product, obtains the second gaseous product and second liquid product.
Preferred further, the temperature of described once condensed first gaseous product is 280-320 DEG C, and the temperature of the second gaseous product after described time condensation is less than 60 DEG C.
Optionally, described method also comprises:
Described original raw gas, before the first temperature carries out improving quality of coal gas process under catalyst action, carries out dedusting to described original raw gas;
Or, before the raw gas after described upgrading carries out indirect condensing process, dedusting is carried out to the raw gas after described upgrading.
Preferably, when carrying out dedusting, the temperature of the raw gas after described original raw gas or described upgrading is greater than 500 DEG C.
A kind of improving quality of coal gas purification system that the embodiment of the present invention provides and method, by improving quality of coal gas system, catalysis upgrading is carried out to original raw gas, methane and tar light oil content in original raw gas are increased, tar heavy oil content reduces, and then indirect condensing process is carried out to described raw gas, by indirect condensing system, heat exchange condensation is carried out to described raw gas, to obtain the coal gas after purification, described indirect condensing system water amount is few, fundamentally can reduce the wastewater flow rate of the generation in described gas purification grading process, reduce production cost and environmental protection pressure.To overcome in prior art tar heavy oil content in coal gas composition high, make water loss in the scavenging process of raw gas large, and although the raw gas tar heavy oil content that coal gasifying process produces is low, but adopt useless pot technique and chilling technology to cause scavenging process complicated, produce organic wastewater amount large, the defect that environmental protection pressure is large.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below the accompanying drawing used required in describing embodiment is briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
A kind of gas purification upgrading system that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The another kind of gas purification upgrading system that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The another kind of gas purification upgrading system that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The another kind of gas purification upgrading system that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The another kind of gas purification upgrading system that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
Another gas purification upgrading system that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
In describing the invention, it will be appreciated that, the orientation of the instruction such as term " " center ", " on ", D score, "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end ", " interior ", " outward " or position relationship are for based on the orientation described in accompanying drawing or position relationship; be only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization; instead of the device of instruction or hint indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.In describing the invention, except as otherwise noted, the implication of " multiple " is two or more.
On the one hand, see Fig. 1, be a kind of improving quality of coal gas purification system that the embodiment of the present invention provides, comprise: improving quality of coal gas system 1 and coal gas indirect condensing system 2;
Wherein, the outlet of described improving quality of coal gas system 1 and the inlet communication of described coal gas indirect condensing system 2;
Described improving quality of coal gas system 1 is for carrying out catalysis upgrading to original raw gas by catalyzer, and obtain the raw gas after upgrading, the raw gas after described upgrading is higher than the content of the methane in original raw gas and tar light oil;
Tar in raw gas after described upgrading, for carrying out condensation to the raw gas after described upgrading, removes by described coal gas indirect condensing system 2.
A kind of improving quality of coal gas purification system that the embodiment of the present invention provides, by improving quality of coal gas system 1, catalysis upgrading is carried out to original raw gas, methane and tar light oil content in original raw gas are increased, tar heavy oil content reduces, and then indirect condensing process is carried out to described raw gas, by indirect condensing system 2, heat exchange condensation is carried out to described raw gas, to obtain the coal gas after purification, described indirect condensing system 2 water consumption is few, fundamentally can reduce the wastewater flow rate of the generation in described gas purification grading process, reduce production cost and environmental protection pressure.To overcome in prior art tar heavy oil content in coal gas composition high, make water loss in the scavenging process of raw gas large, and although the raw gas tar heavy oil content that coal gasifying process produces is low, but adopt useless pot technique and chilling technology to cause scavenging process complicated, produce organic wastewater amount large, the defect that environmental protection pressure is large.
Wherein, due to main containing carbon monoxide, hydrogen, carbonic acid gas, methane, water vapour, tar heavy oil and dust in original raw gas, wherein, tar heavy oil, tar light oil is comprised in tar, under certain conditions, hydrogen and carbon monoxide can synthesize methane, and under certain conditions, described tar heavy oil cracking can generate tar light oil, and the composition of described raw gas is optimized.
The source of described original raw gas is not limited, such as, the raw gas that described original raw gas can obtain for catalytic coal gasifaction, the raw gas that also can obtain for coal catalytic pyrolysis.Preferably, described original raw gas is the raw gas of catalytic gasification gained.
Wherein, the concrete composition of described improving quality of coal gas system 1 is not limited, as long as can be optimized the composition of described raw gas after making described any raw gas enter described improving quality of coal gas system 1, preferably, described improving quality of coal gas system comprises the device for improving quality 11 being provided with catalyzer.
Owing to being provided with catalyzer in described device for improving quality 11, by described device for improving quality 11, catalysis can be carried out to the described raw gas entered in coal upgrading system 1, the carbon monoxide in described original raw gas and hydrogen is made to generate methane under katalysis, and tar heavy oil wherein can carry out further cracking and generate tar light oil, and obtains the raw gas after upgrading.
Along with constantly carrying out of described catalytic process, catalyst activity in described device for improving quality 11 can be worse and worse, constantly carry out to make described catalytic process, the continuous service ability of raising system, preferred further, see Fig. 2, described improving quality of coal gas system 1 comprises the device for improving quality 11 that at least two are respectively arranged with catalyzer, wherein, described at least two device for improving quality 11 are connected in parallel, described at least two device for improving quality 11 in parallel are for replacing upgrading to the raw gas through described improving quality of coal gas system, device for improving quality 11 is to after the raw gas upgrading Preset Time of described improving quality of coal gas system, another device for improving quality carries out upgrading to the raw gas through described improving quality of coal gas system.
By arranging described two device for improving quality 11 in parallel, continuously catalysis upgrading can be carried out to the raw gas through described improving quality of coal gas system, the continuous service ability of raising system, and in catalytic process, such as, when a device for improving quality 11 stops upgrading, new catalyzer can be rearranged to described device for improving quality 11, so that next round can replace another device for improving quality 11 carry out catalysis upgrading to the raw gas through described improving quality of coal gas system.
Wherein, described catalyzer is not limited, as long as make described original raw gas that the carbon monoxide in described original raw gas and hydrogen can be made under the katalysis of catalyzer under katalysis to generate methane, and tar heavy oil wherein can carry out further cracking and generate tar light oil.The lime-ash comprising the catalytic coal gasifaction gained of an alkali metal salt has good catalytic effect to above-mentioned conversion.
Wherein, because coal catalysis lime-ash needs to carry out recycling to basic metal wherein after discharge, and removal process is complicated, the embodiment of the present invention adopts coal catalysis lime-ash directly to carry out catalysis to original raw gas, not only can carry out upgrading to original raw gas, obtain the raw gas of high-quality, and recycling is carried out to coal catalysis lime-ash, reduce catalyst recovery cost, increase economic efficiency.
After raw gas after obtaining described upgrading, raw gas after described upgrading refers to the raw gas of high methane, high tar light oil content, by described coal gas indirect condensing system, indirect condensing process is carried out with by the tar removing in the raw gas after described upgrading, to obtain the coal gas after purification to the raw gas after described upgrading.
Wherein, the composition of described coal gas indirect condensing system 2 is not limited, as long as make the raw gas after described upgrading after described coal gas indirect condensing system 2, the tar in the raw gas after described upgrading can be separated with coal gas.
Preferably, described coal gas indirect condensing system comprises the indirect condensing unit of at least one level, and the import of the indirect condensing unit of described at least one level and the outlet of described improving quality of coal gas system, for carrying out condensation to the raw gas after upgrading.
It should be noted that, mainly methane, carbonic acid gas, water vapour, tar heavy oil, tar light oil etc. are also comprised in raw gas after described upgrading, wherein, the content of methane and tar light oil is higher, but, also containing a small amount of water vapour, tar heavy oil, thus, according to condensing temperature, the tar heavy oil in described tar and tar light oil are separated respectively in described coal gas indirect condensing process, described coal gas indirect condensing efficiency can be improved.
Preferably, described coal gas indirect condensing system 2 comprises two-stage indirect condensing unit, be respectively the first indirect condensing unit A and the second indirect condensing unit B of serial communication successively, the described import of the first indirect condensing unit A and the outlet of described improving quality of coal gas system 1;
Described first indirect condensing unit A is used for carrying out a condensation to the raw gas of described high methane, high tar light oil content, obtain first liquid product and the first gaseous product, described second indirect condensing unit B is used for proceeding condensation to obtain second liquid product and the second gaseous product to described first gaseous product.
By arranging the first indirect condensing unit A and the second indirect condensing unit B, can according to the boiling point difference of the tar heavy oil in described raw gas and tar light oil, twice condensation is carried out to described raw gas and carries out initial gross separation, to obtain described tar heavy oil and tar light oil respectively.
In order to described tar heavy oil, after tar light oil and water carry out condensation successively, respectively it is collected, to do follow-up separation upgrading, preferably, the outlet of described first indirect condensing unit A is communicated with by the first pipeline 3 with the import of described second indirect condensing unit B, described first pipeline 3 is communicated with the first storage tank 5 by the 3rd pipeline 4, described first storage tank 5 is for collecting first liquid product, the outlet of described second indirect condensing unit B is connected with second pipe 6, described second pipe 6 is for exporting the second gaseous product, described second pipe 6 is communicated with the second storage tank 8 by the 4th pipeline 7, described second storage tank 8 is for collecting described second liquid product.
Wherein, described first liquid product and described second liquid product are not limited, such as, described first liquid product can be the mixture of tar heavy oil and part tar light oil, also can be tar heavy oil, accordingly, described second liquid product can be tar light oil and water, also can be the mixture of part tar heavy oil, tar light oil and water, as long as after making to carry out initial gross separation to described tar heavy oil, tar light oil and water, follow-up separation grading process can be simplified.
Wherein, described tar heavy oil, tar light oil are relevant with the condensation effect of described first indirect condensing unit A and the second indirect condensing unit B with the separating effect of water, such as, can be realized by the condensing temperature controlling described first indirect condensing unit A and the second indirect condensing unit B.
In order to improve the separating effect of described tar heavy oil, tar light oil and water, tar heavy oil is collected in described first storage tank 5, tar light oil and water are collected in described second storage tank 8, preferred further, the temperature out of described first indirect condensing unit A is 280-320 DEG C, and the temperature out of described second indirect condensing unit B is less than 60 DEG C.
In order to monitor in real time the condensation effect of described first indirect condensing unit A and the second indirect condensing unit B, preferably, described first pipeline 3 is provided with the first temperature detector 9 near described first indirect condensing unit A exit, for detecting the temperature out of described first indirect condensing unit A, described second pipe 6 is provided with the second temperature detector 10, for detecting the temperature out of described second indirect condensing unit B near described second indirect condensing unit B exit.Can show respectively the temperature out of described first indirect condensing unit A and the second indirect condensing unit B, make it possible to control (such as according to condensation effect respectively to condensation process, can by strengthening the amount of condensing agent, the chilled contact area etc. strengthening condensing unit realizes), improve the separating effect of described tar heavy oil, tar light oil and water further.
Wherein, the condensation of described first indirect condensing unit A and the second indirect condensing unit B is not limited, such as, can for having the condenser of hollow housing, be provided with prolong in described hollow housing, between described prolong and described hollow housing, leave space, in described prolong, constantly can pass into condensation product, after in the hollow housing making described raw gas enter described condenser like this, described prolong carries out condensation to described raw gas.
It should be noted that, described prolong, after condensation for some time, has part tar and sticks on described prolong outer wall, condensation effect is declined.
In order to improve the condensation effect of described first indirect condensing unit A, improve stability and the persistence of system cloud gray model, preferably, described first indirect condensing unit A comprises the first condenser 21 and the second condenser 22 in parallel, described first condenser 21 and the second condenser 22 are for carrying out alternately condensation to the raw gas after the upgrading of described first indirect condensing unit A, first condenser 21 is to the raw gas condensation after the described upgrading of described first indirect condensing unit A, stop condensation when the temperature out of described first indirect condensing unit A is greater than 320 DEG C and described first condenser 21 is cleaned, described second condenser 22 carries out condensation to the raw gas after the described upgrading of described first indirect condensing unit A.
In order to realize the alternately condensation of described first condenser 21 and the second condenser 22, the import of described first condenser 21 and outlet are respectively arranged with the first imported valve a and the first outlet valve b, and the import of described second condenser 22 and outlet are respectively arranged with the second imported valve c and the second outlet valve d.When by described first condenser 21 to the raw gas condensation for some time after described upgrading, when the temperature out of described first indirect condensing unit A is greater than 320 DEG C, illustrate that the tar that described first condenser 21 adheres to makes the heat transfer effect of described first condenser 21 be deteriorated, at this moment, need to carry out condensation by described second condenser 22 to the raw gas after described upgrading, close described first imported valve a and the first outlet valve b, open described second imported valve c and the second outlet valve d, make the raw gas after described upgrading through described second condenser 22, described second condenser 22 carries out condensation to the raw gas after described upgrading, at this moment, need to clean the tar of attachment on described first condenser 21.Like this, improve the condensation effect of described first indirect condensing unit A in the process can run at systems stay, and then improve the separating effect of described tar heavy oil, tar light oil and water.Such repeatable operation, can realize the alternately condensation of described first condenser 21 and described second condenser 22, and can ensure described first condenser 21 and the condensation effect of the second condenser 22 in condensation process.
Same, in order to improve the condensation effect of described second indirect condensing unit B, improve stability and the persistence of system cloud gray model, preferably, described second indirect condensing unit B comprises the 3rd condenser 23 in parallel and the 4th condenser 24, described 3rd condenser 23 and the 4th condenser 24 are for carrying out alternately condensation to the first gaseous product through described second condensing unit B, 3rd condenser 23 is to the first gaseous product condensation through described second condensing unit B, stop condensation when the temperature out of described second indirect condensing unit B is greater than 60 DEG C and described 3rd condenser 23 is cleaned, described 4th condenser 24 carries out condensation to the first gaseous product through described second condensing unit B.
In order to realize the alternately condensation of described 3rd condenser 23 and the second condenser 24, import and the outlet of described first condenser 23 are respectively arranged with triple feed inlet valve e and the 3rd outlet valve f, and the import of described 4th condenser 24 and outlet are respectively arranged with the 4th imported valve g and the 4th outlet valve h.When by described 3rd condenser 23 to the raw gas condensation for some time after described upgrading, when the temperature out of described second indirect condensing unit B is greater than 60 DEG C, illustrate that the tar that described 3rd condenser 23 adheres to makes the heat transfer effect of described 3rd condenser 23 be deteriorated, at this moment, need to carry out condensation by described 4th condenser 24 to the raw gas after described upgrading, close described triple feed inlet valve e and the 3rd outlet valve f, open described 4th imported valve g and the 4th outlet valve h, make the raw gas after described upgrading through described 4th condenser 24, described 4th condenser 24 carries out condensation to described first gaseous product, at this moment, need to clean the tar of attachment on described 3rd condenser 23.Like this, improve the condensation effect of described second indirect condensing unit B in the process can run at systems stay, and then improve the separating effect of described tar light oil and water and coal gas.Such repeatable operation, can realize the alternately condensation of described 3rd condenser 23 and described 4th condenser 24, and can ensure described 3rd condenser 23 and the condensation effect of the 4th condenser 24 in condensation process.
In order to improve automatization upgrading and the condensation performance of system, described system also comprises: washing unit 12, described first condenser 21, second condenser 22, the 3rd condenser 23 are communicated with described washing unit 12 respectively with the 4th condenser 24, described washing unit 12 for providing clean-out system to clean to described first condenser 21 and described second condenser 22 that stop condensation in described first condensing unit A, and provides clean-out system to clean to described 3rd condenser 23 and the 4th condenser 24 stopping condensation in described second condensing unit B.
Preferably, the pipeline that described washing unit 12 is communicated with described first condenser 21 is provided with the 5th valve i, the pipeline that described washing unit 12 is communicated with the second condenser 22 is provided with the 6th valve l; The pipeline that described washing unit 12 is communicated with described 3rd condenser 23 is provided with the 7th valve m, the pipeline that described washing unit 12 is communicated with the second condenser 22 is provided with the 8th valve n.
Wherein, after described washing unit 12 cleans described first condenser 21 of described first condensing unit A and described second condenser 22 respectively, the part tar heavy oil sticking to prolong outer wall in described first condenser 21 and described second condenser 22 is cleaned drippage, and be collected in described first storage tank 4, accordingly, the part tar light oil sticking to prolong outer wall in described 3rd condenser 23 and the 4th condenser 24 is cleaned drippage, and to be collected in described second storage tank 6.
Do not limit described clean-out system, preferably, described clean-out system is superheated vapour, and the temperature of described superheated vapour is 120-200 DEG C.Superheated vapour obtains the mixture of water and tar heavy oil after cleaning described first condenser 21 and described second condenser 22, and layering can be there is in water and tar heavy oil, be beneficial to later separation, same, superheated vapour obtains the mixture of water and tar light oil after cleaning described 3rd condenser 23 and described 4th condenser 24, and layering can occur for water and tar light oil, be beneficial to later separation.
In order to improve the automatic operating ability of system further, preferably, described system also comprises: control unit (not shown), described control unit is electrically connected with above-mentioned valve described in each respectively, for controlling two described device for improving quality 11 in described improving quality of coal gas system, described device for improving quality 11 is made to carry out alternately upgrading to original raw gas, for controlling described first condensing unit A and the second condensing unit B and washing unit 12, the first condenser 21 in described first condensing unit A and the second condenser 22 is made to replace condensation, the 3rd condenser 23 in described second condensing unit B and the 4th condenser 24 replace condensation, and provide clean-out system to clean to described first condenser 21 and the second condenser 22 stopping condensation, and provide clean-out system to clean to described 3rd condenser 23 and the 4th condenser 24 stopping condensation.
Further preferred, described control unit is also electrically connected with described first temperature detector 9 and the second temperature detector 10 respectively, for the temperature out of the temperature out and described second condensing unit B that obtain described first condensing unit A.
Usually, except the material of the coal gas classes such as tar heavy oil described above, tar light oil, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane, the dust that raw gas is carried secretly is also contained in raw gas, in order to the dust carried secretly by described raw gas is separated, improve the degree of cleaning of tar and coal gas, preferably, described system also comprises:
Dust removing units C;
See Fig. 5, the outlet of described dust removing units C and the inlet communication of described improving quality of coal gas system 1, for carrying out dedusting in the raw gas entering described dust removing units C.
The source of described original raw gas is not limited, such as, the raw gas that described original raw gas can obtain for catalytic coal gasifaction, the raw gas that also can obtain for coal catalytic pyrolysis.
When described original raw gas is the raw gas of catalytic coal gasifaction gained, see Fig. 6, described dust removing units C is arranged between described improving quality of coal gas system 1 and coal gas indirect condensing system 2, the import of described dust removing units C is communicated with described improving quality of coal gas system 1, and the outlet of described dust removing units C is communicated with described coal gas indirect condensing system 2.
After original raw gas enters described improving quality of coal gas system 1, obtain the raw gas after upgrading, the raw gas after described upgrading carried out dedusting to it before entering indirect condensing system 2, can improve the tar of collection and the degree of cleaning of coal gas.And raw gas carries out dedusting to described raw gas before entering described improving quality of coal gas system 1, the dust entrainment of raw gas can be reduced, and then improve the constituent optimization effect to described raw gas, and the degree of cleaning of the tar that can collect and coal gas.
Carrying out in the process of dedusting to the raw gas after described original raw gas or upgrading, in order to avoid the tar in the raw gas after described original raw gas or upgrading is condensed due to the decline of temperature, preferably, the temperature of described dust removing units C remains on more than 500 DEG C.
In order to improve dust removing effects, further preferably, described dust removing units C comprises two fly-ash separators 13, and described two fly-ash separators 13 are connected in series or are connected in parallel.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of improving quality of coal gas purifying method, comprising:
Original raw gas is carried out improving quality of coal gas process in the first temperature under catalyst action and obtains the raw gas after upgrading, the raw gas after described upgrading than the methane of original raw gas and tar light oil content high;
Raw gas after upgrading is carried out indirect condensing process to remove the tar in the raw gas after described upgrading, obtain the coal gas after purification.
Wherein, component in original raw gas is generally carbon monoxide, hydrogen, carbonic acid gas, methane, water vapour, tar and flying dust, wherein, tar heavy oil, tar light oil is comprised in tar, by providing suitable condition, make hydrogen and carbon monoxide to synthesize methane, described tar heavy oil cracking can generate tar light oil, and the composition of described original raw gas is optimized.
A kind of improving quality of coal gas purifying method that the embodiment of the present invention provides, by improving quality of coal gas system, catalysis upgrading is carried out to original raw gas, methane and tar light oil content in original raw gas are increased, tar heavy oil content reduces, and then indirect condensing process is carried out to described raw gas, by indirect condensing system, heat exchange condensation is carried out to described raw gas, to obtain the coal gas after purification, described indirect condensing system water amount is few, fundamentally can reduce the wastewater flow rate of the generation in described gas purification grading process, reduce production cost and environmental protection pressure.To overcome in prior art tar heavy oil content in coal gas composition high, make water loss in the scavenging process of raw gas large, and although the raw gas tar heavy oil content that coal gasifying process produces is low, but adopt useless pot technique and chilling technology to cause scavenging process complicated, produce organic wastewater amount large, the defect that environmental protection pressure is large.
In order to make hydrogen and carbon monoxide to synthesize methane, described tar heavy oil cracking can generate tar light oil, and the composition of described original raw gas is optimized.Preferably, described first temperature is 500-600 DEG C, and described catalyzer is the coal catalysis lime-ash comprising an alkali metal salt.
Because an alkali metal salt generates methane to hydrogen and carbon monoxide, there is katalysis, and described an alkali metal salt counterweight coke tar cracking also has katalysis, therefore, it is possible to be optimized the composition of described original raw gas.
Because coal catalysis lime-ash needs to carry out recycling to basic metal wherein after discharge, and removal process is complicated, the embodiment of the present invention adopts coal catalysis lime-ash directly to carry out catalysis to original raw gas, not only can carry out upgrading upgrading to original raw gas, obtain the raw gas of high-quality, and recycling is carried out to coal catalysis lime-ash, reduce catalyst recovery cost, increase economic efficiency.
In order to improve indirect condensing efficiency, make the tar heavy oil in the raw gas after described upgrading, tar light oil and water can initial gross separation, simplify follow-up sepn process, described indirect condensing process comprises:
Raw gas after upgrading is carried out a condensation, obtain first liquid product and the first gaseous product;
Time condensation is carried out to described first gaseous product, obtains the second gaseous product and second liquid product.
Along with the decline of condensing temperature, tar heavy oil, tar light oil and water are condensed respectively, after a condensation, tar heavy oil can be condensed, and after time condensation, tar light oil and water just can be condensed, preferably, described first liquid product comprises tar heavy oil, and described second liquid product comprises tar light oil and water.
In order to described tar heavy oil, described tar light oil are separated respectively with water, coal gas, improve the separation efficiency of tar light oil and coal gas, preferably, the temperature of described once condensed first gaseous product is 280-320 DEG C, and the temperature of the second gaseous product after described time condensation is less than 60 DEG C.When once condensed temperature is 280-320 DEG C, tar heavy oil is condensed substantially completely, and the temperature after time condensation is when being less than 60 DEG C, described tar light oil and water base are condensed completely, and described coal gas exists with the form of gas, at this moment, the separating effect of described tar heavy oil, tar light oil and water can be improved.
Usually, except the material of the coal gas classes such as tar heavy oil described above, tar light oil, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane, the dust that raw gas is carried secretly is also contained in raw gas, in order to the dust carried secretly by described raw gas is separated, improve the degree of cleaning of tar and coal gas, preferably, described method also comprises:
Described raw gas, before the first temperature carries out improving quality of coal gas process under catalyst action, carries out dedusting to described raw gas;
Or, before the raw gas after the upgrading of described acquisition carries out indirect condensing process, dedusting is carried out to the raw gas after described upgrading.
Raw gas after described raw gas or upgrading is being carried out in the process of dedusting, in order to avoid the tar in described raw gas is condensed due to the decline of temperature, preferably, when carrying out dedusting, the temperature of the raw gas after described raw gas or described upgrading is greater than 500 DEG C.
Test example:
In order to evaluate effect of the present invention objectively, below in experimental example, the embodiment of the present invention is compared with the prior art example and carries out upgrading and condensation to same raw gas respectively, and contrasts test-results.
Comparative example:
Described comparative example adopts traditional gasification purification process.
Embodiment 1
See Fig. 3, the improving quality of coal gas purification process that described embodiment 1 embodiment of the present invention provides, described raw gas carries out catalysis upgrading through device for improving quality to described raw gas, raw gas after upgrading is through indirect condensing technique, tar heavy oil, tar light oil, water are separated with coal gas, in whole indirect condensing process, the water vapor of a consumptive use in time cleaning, greatly reduces the organic wastewater amount produced in water washing process.
Result is see table 1:
Table 1
As can be drawn from Table 1: the embodiment of the present invention is after device for improving quality carries out constituent optimization to raw gas, methane content in coal gas improves greatly, tar light oil content in tar increases, be compared with the prior art example to compare, significantly improve the quality of tar and coal gas, and in whole indirect condensing process, the organic wastewater amount that the water washing process that prior art adopts produces is large, the embodiment of the present invention adopts the mode of steam flushing in indirect condensing process, can greatly reduce the organic wastewater amount that washing produces.
In sum, a kind of improving quality of coal gas purifying method that the embodiment of the present invention provides, by improving quality of coal gas system, catalysis upgrading is carried out to original raw gas, methane and tar light oil content in original raw gas are increased, tar heavy oil content reduces, and then indirect condensing process is carried out to described raw gas, by indirect condensing system, heat exchange condensation is carried out to described raw gas, to obtain the coal gas after purification, described indirect condensing system water amount is few, fundamentally can reduce the wastewater flow rate of the generation in described gas purification grading process, reduce production cost and environmental protection pressure.To overcome in prior art tar heavy oil content in coal gas composition high, make water loss in the scavenging process of raw gas large, and although the raw gas tar heavy oil content that coal gasifying process produces is low, but adopt useless pot technique and chilling technology to cause scavenging process complicated, produce organic wastewater amount large, the defect that environmental protection pressure is large.
The above; be only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; change can be expected easily or replace, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of described claim.
Claims (21)
1. an improving quality of coal gas purification system, is characterized in that, comprising: improving quality of coal gas system and coal gas indirect condensing system;
Wherein, the outlet of described improving quality of coal gas system and the inlet communication of described coal gas indirect condensing system;
Described improving quality of coal gas system is used for carrying out catalytic treatment upgrading to original raw gas by catalyzer, and obtain the raw gas after upgrading, the raw gas after described upgrading is higher than the content of the methane in original raw gas and tar light oil;
Described coal gas indirect condensing system is used for carrying out condensation to the raw gas after described upgrading, by the tar removing in the raw gas after described upgrading.
2. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described original raw gas is the coal gas of catalytic gasification gained.
3. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described improving quality of coal gas upgrading system comprises the device for improving quality being provided with catalyzer.
4. system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described improving quality of coal gas system comprises the device for improving quality that at least two are respectively arranged with catalyzer, and described two device for improving quality are connected in parallel, and described two device for improving quality are used for replacing upgrading to the raw gas through described improving quality of coal gas system.
5. the system according to any one of claim 1-4, is characterized in that, described catalyzer is the lime-ash of the catalytic coal gasifaction gained comprising an alkali metal salt.
6. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described coal gas indirect condensing system comprises the indirect condensing unit of at least one level, and the import of the indirect condensing unit of described at least one level and the outlet of described improving quality of coal gas system, for carrying out condensation to the raw gas after upgrading.
7. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described coal gas indirect condensing system comprises two-stage indirect condensing unit, be respectively the first indirect condensing unit and the second indirect condensing unit of serial communication successively, the import of described first indirect condensing unit and the outlet of described improving quality of coal gas system;
Described first indirect condensing unit is used for carrying out a condensation to the raw gas after described upgrading, obtain first liquid product and the first gaseous product, described second indirect condensing unit is used for proceeding condensation to obtain second liquid product and the second gaseous product to described first gaseous product.
8. system according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, the outlet of described first condensing unit and the import of described second condensing unit are by the first pipeline communication, described first pipeline is communicated with the first storage tank by the 3rd pipeline, described first storage tank is for collecting described first liquid product, the outlet of described second indirect condensing unit is connected with second pipe, described second pipe is for exporting described second gaseous product, described second pipe is communicated with the second storage tank by the 4th pipeline, and described second storage tank is for collecting described second liquid product.
9. system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the temperature out of described first indirect condensing unit is 280-320 DEG C, and the temperature out of described second indirect condensing unit is less than 60 DEG C.
10. system according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterized in that, described first pipeline is provided with the first temperature detector near described first indirect condensing unit exit, for detecting the temperature out of described first indirect condensing unit, described second pipe is provided with the second temperature detector, for detecting the temperature out of described second indirect condensing unit near described second indirect condensing unit exit.
11. systems according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, described first indirect condensing unit comprises the first condenser in parallel and the second condenser, described first condenser and the second condenser are used for carrying out alternately condensation to the raw gas after the upgrading of described first indirect condensing unit, first condenser is to the raw gas condensation after the described upgrading of described first indirect condensing unit, stop condensation when the temperature out of described first indirect condensing unit is greater than 320 DEG C and described first condenser is cleaned, described second condenser carries out condensation to the raw gas after the described upgrading of described first indirect condensing unit.
12. systems according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, described second indirect condensing unit comprises the 3rd condenser in parallel and the 4th condenser, described 3rd condenser and the 4th condenser are used for carrying out alternately condensation to the first gaseous product through described second condensing unit, 3rd condenser is to the first gaseous product condensation through described second condensing unit, stop condensation when the temperature out of described second indirect condensing unit is greater than 60 DEG C and described 3rd condenser is cleaned, described 4th condenser carries out condensation to the first gaseous product through described second condensing unit.
13. systems according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described system also comprises:
Dust removing units;
The outlet of described dust removing units and the inlet communication of described improving quality of coal gas system, for carrying out dedusting to the original raw gas entering described dust removing units.
14. systems according to claim 13, it is characterized in that, when described original raw gas is the raw gas of catalytic coal gasifaction gained, described dust removing units is arranged between described improving quality of coal gas system and coal gas indirect condensing system, the import of described dust removing units and described improving quality of coal gas system connectivity, the outlet of described dust removing units and described coal gas indirect condensing system connectivity.
15. systems according to claim 13 or 14, it is characterized in that, the temperature of described dust removing units remains on more than 500 DEG C.
16. 1 kinds of improving quality of coal gas purifying methods, is characterized in that, comprising:
Original raw gas is carried out improving quality of coal gas process in the first temperature under catalyst action and obtains the raw gas after upgrading, the raw gas after described upgrading than the methane of original raw gas and tar light oil content high;
Raw gas after upgrading is carried out indirect condensing process to remove the tar in the raw gas after described upgrading, obtain the coal gas after purification.
17. methods according to claim 16, is characterized in that, described first temperature is 500-600 DEG C, and described catalyzer is the coal catalysis lime-ash comprising an alkali metal salt.
18. methods according to claim 16, is characterized in that, described indirect condensing process comprises:
Raw gas after upgrading is carried out a condensation, obtain first liquid product and the first gaseous product;
Time condensation is carried out to described first gaseous product, obtains the second gaseous product and second liquid product.
19. methods according to claim 18, is characterized in that, the temperature of described once condensed first gaseous product is 280-320 DEG C, and the temperature of the second gaseous product after described time condensation is less than 60 DEG C.
20. methods according to any one of claim 16-19, it is characterized in that, described method also comprises:
Described original raw gas, before the first temperature carries out improving quality of coal gas process under catalyst action, carries out dedusting to described original raw gas;
Or, before the raw gas after described upgrading carries out indirect condensing process, dedusting is carried out to the raw gas after described upgrading.
21. methods according to claim 20, is characterized in that, when carrying out dedusting, the temperature of the raw gas after described original raw gas or described upgrading is greater than 500 DEG C.
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