CN101775319A - Method for producing synthetic natural gas SNG from coal and processing installation thereof - Google Patents
Method for producing synthetic natural gas SNG from coal and processing installation thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101775319A CN101775319A CN 201010128165 CN201010128165A CN101775319A CN 101775319 A CN101775319 A CN 101775319A CN 201010128165 CN201010128165 CN 201010128165 CN 201010128165 A CN201010128165 A CN 201010128165A CN 101775319 A CN101775319 A CN 101775319A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing synthetic natural gas SNG from coal and a processing installation thereof. The method includes the following steps that: coal is gasified and goes through sulfur-tolerant shift, the proportion between CO, CO2 and H2 in the gas is regulated, organic sulfur is converted into inorganic sulfur, the gas is then purified to remove the sulfur and part of the CO2 in the gas, and after the components of the gas meet the following formula: the ratio of(H2-3CO)to CO2 is about 4, the gas is sent into a methanation reactor, so that the H2, the CO and the CO2 are methanated to synthesize the SNG (synthetic natural gas). The installation consists of a coal gasification process, a sulfur-tolerant shift process, a purification process and a methanation process, in particular, the methanation reactor in the methanation process adopts a water-cooled tube array structure, which can quickly take away reaction heat, so that the overheat of catalyst can be prevented, the high-pressure steam in the removed heat by-product serves as power for equipment such as a compressor and a pump, consequently, the reaction heat is rationally utilized, and the produced synthetic natural gas can be directly used as fuel for urban residents or further processed into SNG and LNG. Compared with the prior reactor methanation process, the method has the advantages of short process, investment saving and high heat energy utilization rate.
Description
Technical field
A kind ofly produce the method for SNG (synthetic natural gas) by coal, promptly by with gasification through conversion and purification, by methanation reaction, make H then
2, CO and CO
2Synthetic natural gas SNG.Specially refer to a cover and realize the chemical technique device of aforesaid method.The field that belongs to chemical technique technology and energy development.
Background technology
China is oil, vapour shortage of resources, the coal resource more rich country that compares.Moderately develop the transport fuel oil product (synthetic oil) that Coal Chemical Industry both can obtain substituting oil, also can obtain substituting basic oil (ethene, the propylene) industrial chemicals of oil, can also obtain the synthetic Sweet natural gas of instead of natural gas.This is significant to the Sustainable development that guarantees Chinese energy safety and economy.
Along with the enforcement of policies such as the domestic strategy of sustainable development and reinforcement environmental protection, domestic demand to Sweet natural gas will grow with each passing day.Estimate that China's natural gas demand in 2010 will reach 1000~1,100 hundred million m
3, the same period, gas production can only reach 900~95,000,000,000 m
3, expect the year two thousand twenty China's natural gas demand and will reach 2,000 hundred million m
3, the gas production of the same period can only reach 1400-1600 hundred million m
3, so the solution of the imbalance between supply and demand problem of a few years from now on Sweet natural gas must be by all kinds of means, multimode supply, can satisfy growing market demand, it is exactly a kind of mode that obtains Sweet natural gas that coal is produced synthetic SNG.The big moulded coal preparing natural gas of the U.S.'s several covers under construction project has also been ratified the Inner Mongol 4,000,000,000 m in China National Development and Reform Committee recently
3With 1,600,000,000 m
3Two cover coal preparing natural gas projects are carried out previous work.The gasification process of selecting for use in these projects is most at present is the lurgi pressure gasification technology, working pressure 3.0MPa, and the raw gas component is about:
Component CO
2CO H
2CH
4N
2∑
VOL% 26.4 23.48 39.48 8.48 1.96 100
Produce in the technology of Sweet natural gas at coal, because synthetic CH
4Reaction be a strong exothermal reaction, reaction heat is untimely to be removed, and usually can cause catalyst overheating and inactivation.In order to remove reaction heat fast, used technology is the multi-stage fixed-bed adiabatic reactor of design at present, service temperature 250-670 ℃, in the intersegmental method that interchanger is set, removes heat in the reactor, byproduct steam.Shortcomings such as long flow path, investment is high, heat energy recovery rate is low are arranged.The present invention utilizes the residential district of contemporary frontier science and technology material, and the inside heat exchange type that new technology is made is a water cooled reactor, and service temperature is in 250-450 ℃ of scope, and it is short to have flow process, the characteristics that heat recovery rate is high.
In recent years, done introduction for the domestic more existing patents of the method for coal system SNG (synthetic natural gas), the patent No. is: CN101338231A, having introduced with the coal in the patent of its title " coal preparing natural gas or hydrogen " is raw material, the gasification process of coal hydrogenation in system gas, produce class natural gas, it consists of: CH
4Content: 50~100%, hydrogen content: 0~50%, also have a spot of C
mH
n, CO
2, H
2, N
2With CO etc.Its calorific value is near middle calorific value of gas, in order to be different from the Sweet natural gas of methane rich high heating value, name and be class natural gas, during with class natural gas hydrogen manufacturing, be through purifying, produce pure hydrogen with transformation absorption or membrane sepn again after the steam reforming, this patent can only purify for class natural gas or with class natural gas outward, and transformation absorption or membrane sepn just can obtain Sweet natural gas, and there is complex process in it, long flow path is invested high problem.
The patent No. is: CN101434879A, in the patent of its title " is the method for raw material system methyl methanol syngas and compressed natural gas with coke(oven)gas and coal ", described compressed natural gas be directly from coke(oven)gas (methane content 24~26% (vol%) in the coke(oven)gas) obtain by the transformation fractionation by adsorption, be not the coal preparing natural gas in essence.The difference of the present invention and above two patents is that this patent is a method of directly producing SNG (synthetic natural gas) with the coal raw material specially.
Summary of the invention
One of aim of the present invention is that gasification is regulated H by conversion
2, CO and CO
2Ratio, when gas sweetening, remove wherein sulphur and portion C O
2, make H in the gas
2, CO and CO
2Stoichiometry reach
This gas is synthetic SNG (synthetic natural gas) through methanator the time, and liberated heat is produced mesohigh steam in the reaction, and as the power of compressor, heat energy recovery rate is high and efficiently utilized.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves technological problems is: a kind of coal is produced the method for synthetic natural gas SNG, and its technological process is as follows:
1, coal, steam and pure oxygen are gasified in pressurized-gasification furnace, generate raw gas, vapor pressure is selected 3.0MPa or 4.0MPa etc. usually for use.
2, raw gas is through sulfur-resisting transformation the time, through transformationreation CO+H
2O → H
2+ CO
2, H in the adjustments of gas
2, CO and CO
2Ratio, simultaneously most organosulfurs in the gas are converted into inorganic sulfur.
3, the gas after the conversion (can be selected low-temperature rectisol or NHD method+smart desulfurization for use) when the gas sweetening operation, removes sulphur wherein, reaches total sulfur≤0.1ppm, removes portion C O wherein
2, satisfy stoichiometric ratio
Requirement.
4, purified gas is through methanator the time, under the effect of Ni series catalysts, and H
2, CO and CO
2Carry out methanation reaction, generate synthetic natural gas SNG, the reaction heat of meanwhile emitting heating tube side water is produced high pressure steam, as the power of compressor or pump.
Gasification and methanation are all finished with under the pressure rating in present method, and the methanation operation do not establish circulation loop, once by reaching technic index.
In present method: gasification, sulfur-resisting transformation, gas purification technique are mature technology, just according to advancing the preceding index of methanation reaction;
Requirement, process operation parameter such as interconversion rate, degree of purification have difference.
Methanator is water cooled reactor (vertical or horizontal) in present method, and the carrier of Ni catalyzer is Al
2O
3, catalyzer is contained in shell side in the reactor, 250~450 ℃ of service temperatures.
Two of aim of the present invention is to select to realize a cover process unit of aforesaid method.
The present invention is by the method for a following cover process unit realization coal system synthetic natural gas SNG, comprising gasification operation, sulfur-resisting transformation operation, gasification cleaning section and methanation operation.It is characterized in that: the gasification operation is a pressurized gasification, and methanation process operations pressure is a little less than vapor pressure.Whole device flow process is short, reduced investment, and energy-conservation.
One of advantage of the present invention, it is characterized in that: methanator is a water-cooled structure, working pressure and gas pressure are approaching, 250~450 ℃ of temperature are being advanced on the water pipe of methanator water pump is installed, by accelerating the current flowing mode, strengthen heat-transfer intensity, the temperature of reaction of control catalyst bed maintains in the scope it, prevents catalyst overheating.
Two of advantage of the present invention is characterized in that: be provided with sulfur-resisting transformation and gas cleaning section in the process unit, guarantee total sulfur≤0.1ppm in the gas of into methanation operation, stoichiometric ratio:
These two measures can make the catalyzer long service life, synthetic productive rate height.
Three of advantage of the present invention is characterized in that: heat energy recovery rate height (〉=90%), can produce the mesohigh steam of GOOD TASTE, and be used for rotating machinery (compressor, pump etc.) as power.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the technology block flow diagram of one of the specific embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is two the technology block flow diagram of the specific embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment:
Can introduce in more detail the present invention by drawings and Examples, but be not qualification protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, coal, steam and O
2Make raw gas in pressurized-gasification furnace (pressure, 3.0Mpa, 4.0Mpa usually), raw gas can be regulated H when sulfur-resisting transformation
2, CO and CO
2Ratio is converted into inorganic sulfur with most organosulfurs in the gas simultaneously, and conversion gas removes organic and inorganic sulfur wherein when the gas sweetening operation, make total sulfur≤0.1ppm in the gas, also removes portion C O
2, make to reach stoichiometric ratio in the purified gas:
Purified gas is in the methanation operation, because the effect of Ni series catalysts finishes methanation reaction, promptly generates SNG (synthetic natural gas), goes out CO in the gas of methanation
2And H
2Content all≤0.1% (VOL), CO contains measurement and does not go out.Reaction heat is taken away by strong flowing water and is produced mesohigh steam.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 2, coal, steam and O
2In pressurized-gasification furnace (pressure, 3.0Mpa, 4.0Mpa usually), make raw gas, raw gas and external rich H
2Gas (can be coke-oven gas or other H
2The gas that content is high) mix, mixed gas will satisfy stoichiometric ratio:
Requirement.Gas mixture when purifying with gas in H
2S and organosulfur are deviate from, and the gas that goes out to purify will reach the requirement of its total sulfur content≤0.1PP.Purified gas is in the methanation operation, because the effect of Ni series catalysts makes CO
2, CO and H
2Carry out methanation reaction and synthetic CNG (synthetic natural gas), go out CO in the CNG gas of methanation operation
2And H
2Content respectively all≤0.1% (VOL), CO contains measurement and does not go out.Reaction heat is taken away by strong flowing water and is produced mesohigh steam.
SNG in the present embodiment can send into gas distributing system as combustion gas in addition, can directly make high-quality CNG (natural gas used for automobile) and LNG (natural gas liquids) if necessary.
Claims (7)
1. produce the method for synthetic natural gas SNG by coal for one kind, it is characterized in that: earlier with gasification, again by sulfur-resisting transformation, H in the adjustments of gas
2, CO and CO
2Ratio, then conversion gas is carried out gas sweetening, remove portion C O
2Behind whole inorganic sulfur and organosulfur, under the effect of catalyzer, in methanator, carry out methanation reaction, reacted gas is synthetic natural gas SNG.
2. as claimed in claim 1ly produce the method for synthetic natural gas SNG by coal, it is characterized in that: it is the method that adopts low-temperature rectisol or NHD method+smart desulfurization that conversion gas carries out gas sweetening.
3. as claimed in claim 1ly produce the method for synthetic natural gas SNG by coal, it is characterized in that: methanator is a water-cooled structure, and water is at tube side, catalyzer is contained in shell side, reaction gas is through shell side, and synthesis pressure is decided by the pressure of selected gasification, synthesis temperature 250-450 ℃.
4. produce the method for synthetic natural gas SNG as right 3 is described by coal, it is characterized in that: methanator will be produced the mesohigh steam of 4.0-10.0Mpa, and the water pipe that is added reactor by drum is provided with water pump, and it is compulsory making water mobile in water pipe.
5. produce the method for synthetic natural gas SNG as right 1 is described by coal, it is characterized in that: described catalyzer is the NI series catalysts, air speed~3000Nm
3/ m
3H.
7. as 1,2,3,4 or 5 describedly produce the method for synthetic natural gas SNG by coal, it is characterized in that: purified gas is once by H in the methane reactor afterreaction gas
2≤ 0.1%, CO
2≤ 0.1%, CO can not survey.
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Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102086146A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-06-08 | 西南化工研究设计院 | Process for preparing glycol by oxalate hydrogenation in heat insulation reaction system |
CN102827657A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-12-19 | 东华工程科技股份有限公司 | Isothermal methanation process method for coal to substitute natural gas |
CN103242920A (en) * | 2012-02-09 | 2013-08-14 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Technology for preparing natural gas from coal-gasification synthetic gas |
CN103740428A (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2014-04-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method of producing substitute natural gas by methanation of synthesis gas |
CN104031703A (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2014-09-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for preparing natural gas and synthetic gas from coal |
CN104651004A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2015-05-27 | 华南理工大学 | Energy-saving coal-based natural gas process |
CN104774663A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-07-15 | 中国五环工程有限公司 | Synthetic natural gas prepared from one-step process coal and system thereof |
CN104862017A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-08-26 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Purification system and method for coal gas quality improvement |
WO2016119603A1 (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2016-08-04 | 新奥气化采煤有限公司 | Methane synthetic method and system |
Citations (2)
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN101245262A (en) * | 2008-01-23 | 2008-08-20 | 清华大学 | Gas-steam combined cycle system and technique based on coal gasification and methanation |
CN101597527A (en) * | 2009-07-07 | 2009-12-09 | 山西科灵环境工程设计技术有限公司 | A kind of method of utilizing coke(oven)gas to produce synthetic natural gas |
-
2010
- 2010-02-11 CN CN 201010128165 patent/CN101775319B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101245262A (en) * | 2008-01-23 | 2008-08-20 | 清华大学 | Gas-steam combined cycle system and technique based on coal gasification and methanation |
CN101597527A (en) * | 2009-07-07 | 2009-12-09 | 山西科灵环境工程设计技术有限公司 | A kind of method of utilizing coke(oven)gas to produce synthetic natural gas |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102086146A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-06-08 | 西南化工研究设计院 | Process for preparing glycol by oxalate hydrogenation in heat insulation reaction system |
CN102086146B (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2012-10-17 | 西南化工研究设计院 | Process for preparing glycol by oxalate hydrogenation in heat insulation reaction system |
CN103242920B (en) * | 2012-02-09 | 2015-02-04 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Technology for preparing natural gas from coal-gasification synthetic gas |
CN103242920A (en) * | 2012-02-09 | 2013-08-14 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Technology for preparing natural gas from coal-gasification synthetic gas |
CN102827657A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-12-19 | 东华工程科技股份有限公司 | Isothermal methanation process method for coal to substitute natural gas |
CN103740428A (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2014-04-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method of producing substitute natural gas by methanation of synthesis gas |
CN103740428B (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2016-07-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Synthesis gas methanation substitutes the method for natural gas |
CN104031703A (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2014-09-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for preparing natural gas and synthetic gas from coal |
CN104031703B (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2016-05-11 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for preparing natural gas and synthetic gas from coal |
CN104651004A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2015-05-27 | 华南理工大学 | Energy-saving coal-based natural gas process |
WO2016119603A1 (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2016-08-04 | 新奥气化采煤有限公司 | Methane synthetic method and system |
CN104774663A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-07-15 | 中国五环工程有限公司 | Synthetic natural gas prepared from one-step process coal and system thereof |
CN104862017A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-08-26 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Purification system and method for coal gas quality improvement |
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