CN104858364B - Cover the preparation method of arenaceous shell type tin bronze composite casting valve plate - Google Patents
Cover the preparation method of arenaceous shell type tin bronze composite casting valve plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN104858364B CN104858364B CN201510206169.7A CN201510206169A CN104858364B CN 104858364 B CN104858364 B CN 104858364B CN 201510206169 A CN201510206169 A CN 201510206169A CN 104858364 B CN104858364 B CN 104858364B
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- valve plate
- casting
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- tin bronze
- sand
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C13/00—Moulding machines for making moulds or cores of particular shapes
- B22C13/08—Moulding machines for making moulds or cores of particular shapes for shell moulds or shell cores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Valve Housings (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method for covering arenaceous shell type tin bronze composite casting valve plate, and the preparation method is made up of following steps：Step one, precoated sand is taken to inject valve plate die cavity, insulation causes precoated sand curing molding, and molding obtains resin-coated sand shell mould；Step 2, copper sheathing is fixed on the inner core of resin-coated sand shell mould, afterwards mould assembly and vertical clamping, forms cast die cavity；The component of the copper sheathing is tin bronze, in the tin bronze, tin≤13%, phosphorus≤0.2%；Step 3, takes iron liquid, and iron liquid casting is obtained into casting into cast die cavity afterwards；Step 4, takes casting, and cooling, ball blast finishing produces and covers arenaceous shell type composite casting valve plate.Using the preparation method of the present invention, the qualification rate of compound casting can be to more than 95%, and the present invention solves the technical barrier of prior art long felt mass production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to casting technology field, more particularly to a kind of preparation side for covering arenaceous shell type tin bronze composite casting valve plate
Method.
Background technology
Precoated sand is suitable for producing complex precise, it is desirable to higher various casting, such as automobile engine cylinder-body, overlay film
Sand can effectively eliminate the deformation in casting process, the various casting flaws such as hot tearing, and the cast(ing) surface prepared is brighter and cleaner, chi
It is very little more accurate, the production cycle can be shortened, saved in raw metal, reduction production cost, and production process easily using automation,
Artificial use is reduced, coated sand technology is especially suitable for the production in enormous quantities manufacture of various small and medium-sized castings.
Shell moulded casting is a kind of derivative new casting technique using coated sand technology, specifically using phenolic aldehyde
Coated sand, rather than common sand mold, form the shell of suitable thickness, it is generally the case that shell in the template of 180-280 degree
Thickness be 6-12mm, shell is subjected to heating cure afterwards, shell is reached required rigidity and intensity, then using thin
Shell the Composition Modeling chamber, and then produce various casting.Shell mold process excellent effect, the casting of casting is clear-cut, surface light
Clean, accurate size subsequently greatly reduces the workload of machining.
The raising of casting detailing requiments at any time, composite cast using increasingly extensive, i.e., using two or more
Metal carries out the technique that casting forms casting, and this composite casting technology can prepare increasingly complex casting, comprehensive a variety of gold
The characteristic of category, the more excellent casting of forming properties.Copper and iron valve plate, in casting, is to use tin bronze copper sheathing or aluminium bronze copper
Set, copper sheathing is embedded in the valve plate of magnesium iron matrix and formed.In process of production, using embedded mode after processing or it can be poured during casting
The embedded mode of note fusion；Embedded mode is influenceed by machining accuracy after processing, and tightness differs, and processing cost is higher；Cast
Fusion is embedded to require higher to technical process, and the wherein control of pouring type and fusion temperature will be exactly accurate.It is this compound
Cast member can also be prepared using traditional clay-bonded sand green casting method, but due to being poured into a mould the process employs horizontal parting, be led
Cause the copper sheathing in compound casting fixed difficult in die cavity, easy off normal, casting easily produces gas hole defect, product qualified rate
It is low, only reach 70% or so, it is difficult to meet the requirement of large-scale production.
Chinese invention patent application 201310355164.1 (date of publication 2013.11.20) discloses a kind of Iron Mould Coated Sand cylinder
The method of body cast pistons ring, its processing step includes：Making mold, moulding, lower core, mould assembling, cast, unpacking, casting cleaning
And machining；The moulding is Iron Mould Coated Sand moulding；The sand layer thickness that covers of the Iron Mould Coated Sand is 6-8mm；The temperature of cast is
1380-1400℃；The time of the cast is 23-28s；The cast can not need rising head.The piston that the present invention is produced
Ring meets performance requirement, and the dimensional accuracy with casting is high, and allowance is small, and casting yield rate is high, the advantages of production efficiency is high.
But the patent application does not disclose the concrete technology system about compound casting.
Chinese invention patent application 201410411068.9 (date of publication 2014.11.5) discloses a kind of Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting
Spheroidal graphite cast-iron cuts with scissors the casting technique of ear, and then the technique passed through by designing the master mold and swage completely the same with hinge ear shape
Penetrating sand machine produces the upper and lower swage die cavity for covering sand that layer of sand is covered with 6-8mm, finally according to charger sheet by the qualified iron being made
Water is poured into the lumen type after mould assembling, it is to be cast after the completion of, unpack obtain casting hinge ear part.The Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting technique compared with
The hinge ear of traditional forged steel material, production cost can reduce by 35%, saved the cost such as plenty of time and manpower, equipment, had simultaneously
Effect improves production efficiency and castability, reduces casting wasted product rate, and this is simple for process, wide market, warp
Ji remarkable benefit, is adapted to overwhelming majority enterprises and uses.But the patent application does not disclose the concrete technology body about compound casting
System.
Chinese invention patent application 201410544297.8 (date of publication 2015.1.21) discloses a kind of device for sand coated iron mould casting
Technique, belongs to casting technology field；Technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of casting dimension accuracy height, and surface smoothness is high
And the less iron die sand casting process of deflection；The technical scheme used for：By controlling the pouring temperature of molten iron to be 1450
DEG C -1600 DEG C, the duration of pouring is less than 60 seconds and some other process conditions reduce the stress deformation of casting, using this hair
The axle housing casting of bright technical process manufacture, surface smoothness, dimensional accuracy is high, and deflection is small.
The content of the invention
The brief overview on the present invention is given below, to provide the basic reason on certain aspects of the invention
Solution.It should be appreciated that this general introduction is not the exhaustive general introduction on the present invention.It is not intended to determine the key of the present invention
Or pith, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention.Its purpose only provides some concepts in simplified form, with
This is used as the preamble in greater detail discussed later.
The present invention provides one kind and covers arenaceous shell type composite casting valve plate, and its preparation method is made up of following steps：
Step one, precoated sand is taken to inject valve plate die cavity, insulation causes precoated sand curing molding, and molding obtains resin-coated sand shell mould；
Step 2, copper sheathing is fixed on the inner core of resin-coated sand shell mould, afterwards mould assembly and vertical clamping, forms casting type
Chamber；
The component of the copper sheathing is tin bronze, by percentage to the quality, in the tin bronze, tin≤13%, phosphorus≤
0.2%；
Step 3, takes iron liquid, and iron liquid casting is obtained into casting into cast die cavity afterwards；
Step 4, takes casting, and cooling, ball blast finishing produces and covers arenaceous shell type composite casting valve plate.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect：In the composite casting valve plate of the present invention, copper fusing point
For 1084 DEG C, boiling point is 2567 DEG C；Poor 500 DEG C or so of the fusing point of iron copper, therefore the accurate temperature for controlling molten iron casting is with extremely
Close important meaning；In order to ensure the quality of composite casting valve plate, it is ensured that exact position of the copper sheathing in casting is also to be cast as
Where work(key.The compound casting precision that the method for the present invention makes is high, copper sheathing accurate positioning；While present invention employs
Pouring in vertically clamped moulds, shortens the duration of pouring, realizes the temperature difference of accurate control molten metal, effectively solves copper sheathing fixed tired in die cavity
The easy off normal of copper sheathing and casting are also easy to produce the technical problem of gas hole defect in difficulty, casting process；It is multiple using the preparation technology of the present invention
The qualification rate of alloying part can be to more than 95%, and technique of the invention solves the skill of prior art long felt mass production
Art problem.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention addressed below.The element and feature described in one embodiment of the invention can be with
It is combined with the element and feature shown in one or more other embodiments.It should be noted that for purposes of clarity, saying
The expression and description of part unrelated to the invention, known to persons of ordinary skill in the art and processing are eliminated in bright.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is related to a kind of preparation method for covering arenaceous shell type tin bronze composite casting valve plate, and the preparation method is by such as
Lower step composition：
Step one, precoated sand is taken to inject valve plate die cavity, insulation causes precoated sand curing molding, and molding obtains resin-coated sand shell mould；
The injection uses penetrating sand machine, and the Stress control of penetrating sand machine is 0.7Mpa；The temperature control of penetrating sand machine is 205 DEG C；Penetrate sand
The number of times that machine penetrates sand is 4 times, and the interval time that sand is penetrated every time is 4 seconds；Inject before valve plate die cavity, valve plate die cavity is heated
It it is 175 DEG C to temperature；The insulation is specially：Keeping temperature is 186 DEG C, and the time is 15 seconds；The valve plate die cavity be provided with
The inner core that copper sheathing coordinates；
Step 2, copper sheathing is fixed on the inner core of resin-coated sand shell mould, afterwards mould assembly and vertical clamping, forms casting type
Chamber；The component of the copper sheathing is tin bronze, in the tin bronze, and Theil indices are less than or equal to 13%, and phosphorus is less than or equal to 0.2%；This
In step, it is calculated in mass percent, the component of the tin bronze is specially：Theil indices 5-5.8%, lead 0.01-0.015%, phosphorus
0.15-0.18%, iron 0.01-0.04%, zinc 0.1-0.23%, aluminium≤0.001%, antimony≤0.001%, bismuth≤0.0015%,
Surplus is copper；
Step 3, takes iron liquid, and iron liquid casting is obtained into casting into cast die cavity afterwards；The temperature of the iron liquid is 1450
℃；The cast is specially：Place sprue cup to be poured into a mould, using pouring in vertically clamped moulds mode, casting ladle is apart from the height of sprue cup
9cm；The time of the cast is 10 seconds；It is calculated in mass percent, in the iron liquid, carbon≤3.2%, silicon≤1.8%, manganese≤
0.3%；
Step 4, takes casting, and cooling, ball blast finishing produces and covers arenaceous shell type composite casting valve plate.
The effect of the present embodiment is：Arenaceous shell type composite casting valve plate qualification rate manufactured in the present embodiment of covering reaches 95%, by
The problem of iron liquid is controlled, using pouring in vertically clamped moulds, the duration of pouring is controlled so that copper sheathing position is accurate in casting, gas in casting
Hole defect is overcome so that casting can mass production, solve the technology of prior art long felt mass production
Problem.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is related to a kind of preparation method for covering arenaceous shell type tin bronze composite casting valve plate, and the preparation method is by such as
Lower step composition：
Step one, precoated sand is taken to inject valve plate die cavity, insulation causes precoated sand curing molding, and molding obtains resin-coated sand shell mould；
The injection uses penetrating sand machine, and the Stress control of penetrating sand machine is 1.0Mpa；The temperature control of penetrating sand machine is 225 DEG C；Penetrate sand
The number of times that machine penetrates sand is 4 times, and the interval time that sand is penetrated every time is 5 seconds；Inject before valve plate die cavity, valve plate die cavity is heated
It it is 185 DEG C to temperature；The insulation is specially：Keeping temperature is 195 DEG C, and the time is 25 seconds；The valve plate die cavity be provided with
The inner core that copper sheathing coordinates；
Step 2, copper sheathing is fixed on the inner core of resin-coated sand shell mould, afterwards mould assembly and vertical clamping, forms casting type
Chamber；The component of the copper sheathing is tin bronze, in the tin bronze, and Theil indices are less than or equal to 13%, and phosphorus is less than or equal to 0.2%；This
In step, it is calculated in mass percent, the component of the tin bronze is specially：Theil indices 5-5.8%, lead 0.01-0.015%, phosphorus
0.15-0.18%, iron 0.01-0.04%, zinc 0.1-0.23%, aluminium≤0.001%, antimony≤0.001%, bismuth≤0.0015%,
Surplus is copper；
Step 3, takes iron liquid, and iron liquid casting is obtained into casting into cast die cavity afterwards；The temperature of the iron liquid is 1500
℃；The cast is specially：Place sprue cup to be poured into a mould, using pouring in vertically clamped moulds mode, casting ladle is apart from the height of sprue cup
12cm；The time of the cast is 50 seconds；It is calculated in mass percent, in the iron liquid, carbon≤3.2%, silicon≤1.8%, manganese≤
0.3%；
Step 4, takes casting, and cooling, ball blast finishing produces and covers arenaceous shell type composite casting valve plate.
The effect of the present embodiment is：Arenaceous shell type composite casting valve plate qualification rate manufactured in the present embodiment of covering reaches 97%, by
The problem of iron liquid is controlled, using pouring in vertically clamped moulds, the duration of pouring is controlled so that copper sheathing position is accurate in casting, gas in casting
Hole defect is overcome so that casting can mass production, solve the technology of prior art long felt mass production
Problem.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is related to a kind of preparation method for covering arenaceous shell type tin bronze composite casting valve plate, and the preparation method is by such as
Lower step composition：
Step one, precoated sand is taken to inject valve plate die cavity, insulation causes precoated sand curing molding, and molding obtains resin-coated sand shell mould；
The injection uses penetrating sand machine, and the Stress control of penetrating sand machine is 0.8Mpa；The temperature control of penetrating sand machine is 220 DEG C；Penetrate sand
The number of times that machine penetrates sand is 4 times, and the interval time that sand is penetrated every time is 4 seconds；Inject before valve plate die cavity, valve plate die cavity is heated
It it is 180 DEG C to temperature；The insulation is specially：Keeping temperature is 190 DEG C, and the time is 20 seconds；The valve plate die cavity be provided with
The inner core that copper sheathing coordinates；
Step 2, copper sheathing is fixed on the inner core of resin-coated sand shell mould, afterwards mould assembly and vertical clamping, forms casting type
Chamber；The component of the copper sheathing is tin bronze, in the tin bronze, and Theil indices are less than or equal to 13%, and phosphorus is less than or equal to 0.2%；This
In step, it is calculated in mass percent, the component of the tin bronze is specially：Theil indices 5-5.8%, lead 0.01-0.015%, phosphorus
0.15-0.18%, iron 0.01-0.04%, zinc 0.1-0.23%, aluminium≤0.001%, antimony≤0.001%, bismuth≤0.0015%,
Surplus is copper；
Step 3, takes iron liquid, and iron liquid casting is obtained into casting into cast die cavity afterwards；The temperature of the iron liquid is 1480
℃；The cast is specially：Place sprue cup to be poured into a mould, using pouring in vertically clamped moulds mode, casting ladle is apart from the height of sprue cup
11cm；The time of the cast is 33 seconds；It is calculated in mass percent, in the iron liquid, carbon≤3.2%, silicon≤1.8%, manganese≤
0.3%；
Step 4, takes casting, and cooling, ball blast finishing produces and covers arenaceous shell type composite casting valve plate.
The effect of the present embodiment is：Arenaceous shell type composite casting valve plate qualification rate manufactured in the present embodiment of covering reaches 98%, by
The problem of iron liquid is controlled, using pouring in vertically clamped moulds, the duration of pouring is controlled so that copper sheathing position is accurate in casting, gas in casting
Hole defect is overcome so that casting can mass production, solve the technology of prior art long felt mass production
Problem.
In general, preparation method of the invention is made up of following steps：Step one, precoated sand is taken to inject valve plate die cavity,
Insulation causes precoated sand curing molding, and molding obtains resin-coated sand shell mould；Step 2, copper sheathing is fixed on the inner core of resin-coated sand shell mould
On, mould assembly and vertical clamping, form cast die cavity afterwards；The component of the copper sheathing is tin bronze, in the tin bronze, Theil indices
Less than or equal to 13%, phosphorus is less than or equal to 0.2%；Step 3, takes iron liquid, and iron liquid casting is obtained into casting into cast die cavity afterwards；
Step 4, takes casting, and cooling, ball blast finishing produces and covers arenaceous shell type composite casting valve plate.
Preferably, in step one, the injection uses penetrating sand machine, and the Stress control of penetrating sand machine is 0.7Mpa-
1.0Mpa.Preferably, in step one, the temperature control of penetrating sand machine is 205-225 DEG C.Preferably, in step one, penetrate
The number of times that sand machine penetrates sand is 4 times, and the interval time that sand is penetrated every time is 4-5 seconds.Preferably, in step one, valve plate mould is injected
Before chamber, to valve plate die cavity be heated to temperature for 175-185 DEG C.Preferably, in step one, the insulation is specific
For：Keeping temperature is 186-195 DEG C, and the time is 15-25 seconds.Shape of the handling process for resin-coated sand shell mould of sand is penetrated in the present invention
Into with vital effect, the setting of these parameters and follow-up iron liquid component, heating-up temperature, pouring type, the group of copper sheathing
Grading has direct influence, and all parametric synthesis form a complete technical system, final to realize that the lifting present invention is covered
The technique effect of arenaceous shell type composite casting valve plate qualification rate.
Preferably, in step one, the valve plate die cavity is provided with the inner core coordinated with copper sheathing.The setting of inner core, makes
It must penetrate after sand, resin-coated sand shell mould is internally formed the inner core being engaged with copper sheathing, be easy to follow-up copper sheathing to fix, efficiently solve type
It is fixed difficult in chamber, and in casting process copper sheathing easily off normal technical problem, be obviously improved the conjunction of production efficiency and product
Lattice rate.
Preferably, in step 2, it is calculated in mass percent, the component of the tin bronze is specially：Theil indices 5-
5.8%, lead 0.01-0.015%, phosphorus 0.15-0.18%, iron 0.01-0.04%, zinc 0.1-0.23%, aluminium≤0.001%, antimony
≤ 0.001%, bismuth≤0.0015%, surplus is copper.Tin bronze is mainly used in making wear part, and phosphorus is good deoxidier,
Mobility and wearability can be improved, lead can improve machinability and wearability, and zinc can improve casting character.Tin bronze has
There are higher mechanical property, Wear vesistance and corrosion resistance, easy processing, good welding performance, constriction coefficient is small, nonmagnetic, comprehensive
Can be preferable, using quite varied.The tin bronze of specific components is selected in the present invention, is coordinated with the iron liquid of specific components, using this
Specific processing parameter in each step is invented to be handled, and then could the excellent composite casting valve plate of forming properties.
Preferably, in step 3, the temperature of the iron liquid is 1450-1500 DEG C；The cast is specially：Placement is poured
Cup is poured into a mould, using pouring in vertically clamped moulds mode, and casting ladle is 9-12cm apart from the height of sprue cup；The time of the cast is
10-50 seconds.Preferably, in step 3, it is calculated in mass percent, in the iron liquid, carbon≤3.2%, silicon≤1.8%, manganese
≤ 0.3%.The selection of iron liquid component has in vital effect, the present invention for the control of temperature selects suitable iron liquid group
Point, the temperature of iron liquid is controlled, effectively shortens the stand-by period before cast, the degree that iron liquid is aoxidized by external environment is reduced, simultaneously
Height and the duration of pouring of cast are controlled, further can effectively shorten the duration of pouring, the temperature difference of accurate control iron liquid is realized,
Effectively solving copper sheathing, copper sheathing easily off normal and casting are also easy to produce the technology of gas hole defect in fixed difficulty, casting process in die cavity
Problem.
In summary, in composite casting valve plate of the invention, copper fusing point is 1084 DEG C, and boiling point is 2567 DEG C；Iron copper it is molten
Poor 500 DEG C or so of point, therefore the temperature of accurate control molten iron casting has vital meaning；In order to ensure composite casting valve
The quality of plate, it is ensured that exact position of the copper sheathing in casting is also the place for casting successfully key.What the method for the present invention made
Compound casting precision is high, copper sheathing accurate positioning；Simultaneously present invention employs pouring in vertically clamped moulds, shorten the duration of pouring, realize accurate
The temperature difference of molten metal is controlled, copper sheathing is effectively solved and fixes difficult in die cavity, copper sheathing easily off normal and casting in casting process
It is also easy to produce the technical problem of gas hole defect；Using the preparation technology of the present invention, the qualification rate of compound casting can be to more than 95%, this
The technique of invention solves the technical barrier of prior art long felt mass production.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of preparation method for covering arenaceous shell type tin bronze composite casting valve plate, it is characterised in that the preparation method is by as follows
Step is constituted：
Step one, precoated sand is taken to inject valve plate die cavity, insulation causes precoated sand curing molding, and molding obtains resin-coated sand shell mould；
Step 2, copper sheathing is fixed on the inner core of resin-coated sand shell mould, afterwards mould assembly and vertical clamping, forms cast die cavity；
The component of the copper sheathing is tin bronze, is calculated in mass percent, the component of the tin bronze is specially：Theil indices 5-
5.8%, lead 0.01-0.015%, phosphorus 0.15-0.18%, iron 0.01-0.04%, zinc 0.1-0.23%, aluminium≤0.001%, antimony
≤ 0.001%, bismuth≤0.0015%, surplus is copper；
Step 3, takes iron liquid, and iron liquid casting is obtained casting, be calculated in mass percent into cast die cavity afterwards, the iron liquid
In, carbon≤3.2%, silicon≤1.8%, manganese≤0.3%；
Step 4, takes casting, and cooling, ball blast finishing produces and covers arenaceous shell type composite casting valve plate.
2. the preparation method according to claim 1 for covering arenaceous shell type tin bronze composite casting valve plate, it is characterised in that step
In one, the injection uses penetrating sand machine, and the Stress control of penetrating sand machine is 0.7Mpa-1.0Mpa.
3. the preparation method according to claim 1 for covering arenaceous shell type tin bronze composite casting valve plate, it is characterised in that step
In one, the temperature control of penetrating sand machine is 205-225 DEG C.
4. the preparation method according to claim 1 for covering arenaceous shell type tin bronze composite casting valve plate, it is characterised in that step
In one, the number of times that penetrating sand machine penetrates sand is 4 times, and the interval time that sand is penetrated every time is 4-5 seconds.
5. the preparation method according to claim 1 for covering arenaceous shell type tin bronze composite casting valve plate, it is characterised in that step
In one, inject before valve plate die cavity, to valve plate die cavity be heated to temperature for 175-185 DEG C.
6. the preparation method according to claim 1 for covering arenaceous shell type tin bronze composite casting valve plate, it is characterised in that step
In one, the insulation is specially：Keeping temperature is 186-195 DEG C, and the time is 15-25 seconds.
7. the preparation method according to claim 1 for covering arenaceous shell type tin bronze composite casting valve plate, it is characterised in that step
In one, the valve plate die cavity is provided with the inner core coordinated with copper sheathing.
8. the preparation method according to claim 1 for covering arenaceous shell type tin bronze composite casting valve plate, it is characterised in that step
In three, the temperature of the iron liquid is 1450-1500 DEG C；The cast is specially：Place sprue cup to be poured into a mould, using vertically pouring
Note mode, casting ladle is 9-12cm apart from the height of sprue cup；The time of the cast is 10-50 seconds.
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| CN106424595B (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2018-10-09 | 盐城市汉铜智能铸造设备有限公司 | Penetrate the full-automatic sand casting moulding machine copper sheathing mounting structure of sand up and down |
| CN108679086A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-10-19 | 新乡市海山机械有限公司 | A kind of high-lead bronze bushing and preparation method thereof |
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| JP3964930B2 (en) * | 2004-08-10 | 2007-08-22 | 三宝伸銅工業株式会社 | Copper-base alloy castings with refined crystal grains |
| DE102008037747A1 (en) * | 2008-08-14 | 2010-02-18 | Märkisches Werk GmbH | bimetal |
| CN101343703A (en) * | 2008-09-03 | 2009-01-14 | 浙江天申铜业有限公司 | Leadless environment friendly silicon brass alloy material suitable for gravity force cast and manufacture method thereof |
| CN104259431B (en) * | 2014-08-13 | 2017-06-16 | 乐文欢 | A kind of three screw pump Copper-Aluminum compound bushing low-pressure casting process |
| CN104190866B (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2016-06-08 | 宁国市四方钢球模具设备有限公司 | A kind of bimetallic alloy hammer precoated sand manufacture method |
| CN104525912B (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2017-02-22 | 西安理工大学 | Lining plate and preparation method thereof |
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