CN104855509B - Method for preparing milk powder from dry emulsion - Google Patents
Method for preparing milk powder from dry emulsion Download PDFInfo
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- CN104855509B CN104855509B CN201410838266.3A CN201410838266A CN104855509B CN 104855509 B CN104855509 B CN 104855509B CN 201410838266 A CN201410838266 A CN 201410838266A CN 104855509 B CN104855509 B CN 104855509B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 137
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 11
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing milk powder by drying emulsion, which utilizes liquid material drying equipment designed according to the patent 'medicine and edible material processing equipment' claim 2 to dry and process the emulsion to prepare the milk powder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for preparing milk powder by drying emulsion, belonging to the technical field of circulating fluidized bed and food processing.
Background
The milk powder is powder prepared by taking fresh milk as a raw material, removing water in the fresh milk by a freezing or heating method, and drying. Drying is the most important operation in the production of milk powder, and determines the quality and production cost of milk powder. At present, the drying operation in the milk powder production adopts the main traditional spray drying and freeze drying methods, the traditional spray drying operation temperature is more than 80 ℃, more or less nutrient substances can be damaged, the energy consumption is high, and although the freeze drying can not damage the nutrient substances, the energy consumption is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to invent a method for preparing milk powder from dry emulsion, which has low energy consumption and better quality guarantee according to the defect of high energy consumption of drying operation in the existing milk powder production.
The patent of 'equipment for processing medicinal and edible materials' applied on the same day as the invention claims as follows:
1. a medicine and edible material processing device is characterized by comprising a fan, a positive pressure circulating pipe I, a cyclone dust collector, a positive pressure circulating pipe II, a dust collector branch and a negative pressure circulating pipe; the positive pressure circulating pipe I and the positive pressure circulating pipe II are pipelines; an ash discharge port of the cyclone dust collector is smaller than an air inlet, an inlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected with an outlet of the positive pressure circulating pipe I, and an air outlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected with an inlet of the positive pressure circulating pipe II; the branch of the dust remover is formed by sequentially connecting a bag type dust remover, a discharge tee joint and an adjusting valve, the bag type dust remover is the same as the bag type dust remover disclosed by the invention patent 201310748462.7, a discharge valve is arranged at a third opening of the discharge tee joint, the inlet of the bag type dust remover is the inlet of the branch of the dust remover, the outlet of the adjusting valve is the outlet of the branch of the dust remover, and the inlet of the branch of the dust remover is connected with the outlet of a positive pressure circulating pipe II; the negative pressure circulating pipe is a pipeline, the head end of the negative pressure circulating pipe is an inlet, the tail end of the negative pressure circulating pipe is an outlet, a cyclone dust collector ash discharge port interface, a dust collector branch interface and a feeding device interface are arranged between the outlet and the inlet, a feeding valve and/or an atomizer are/is arranged on the feeding device interface, the cyclone dust collector ash discharge port interface is connected with a cyclone dust collector ash discharge port, and the dust collector branch interface is connected with a dust collector branch outlet; the outlet of the negative pressure circulating pipe, the inlet of the fan, the outlet of the fan and the inlet of the positive pressure circulating pipe I are sequentially connected;
2. the processing equipment of claim 1, further comprising an adjusting device, wherein the adjusting device comprises an inlet air flow temperature adjusting device and/or a fan rotating speed adjusting device, the inlet air flow temperature adjusting device controls the temperature of inlet air flow by using an output signal of a temperature sensor mounted on the positive pressure circulating pipe I or the positive pressure circulating pipe II so that the temperature in the processing equipment does not exceed a set temperature, and the fan rotating speed adjusting device is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the fan to control the heat converted from the kinetic energy of the fan so that the temperature in the processing equipment does not exceed the set temperature;
3. the processing equipment of claim 1, wherein the processing equipment is further provided with a molecular sieve dryer; the processing equipment for the medicine and edible materials is also provided with a molecular sieve dryer; the air outlet of the molecular sieve dryer is connected with the air inlet of the medicine and edible material processing equipment through an air supply pipeline, the air outlet of the molecular sieve dryer is also provided with an interface connected with a back-blowing air source supercharging device, the molecular sieve dryer adopts natural air as inlet air, and the air inlet on an air inlet pipeline is communicated with the outside of the machine; or, the molecular sieve dryer adopts tail gas discharged by the branch of the bag type dust collector as inlet air, the air inlet is connected with the air outlet of the branch of the bag type dust collector through an air inlet pipeline, a gas supply interface is arranged on the air inlet or the air outlet, and the gas supply interface is communicated with natural air outside the machine or a special gas source;
4. the processing equipment of the medicine and edible materials according to claim 3, wherein the outlet of the molecular sieve dryer is further provided with an air heater, the air inlet of the air heater is connected with the air outlet of the molecular sieve dryer, and the air outlet of the air heater is connected with the air inlet of the equipment;
5. the processing equipment of claim 1, wherein the exhaust outlet of the branch of the bag filter is further provided with a tail gas treatment device, the inlet of the tail gas treatment device is connected with the exhaust outlet of the branch of the bag filter through a pipeline, and the tail gas treatment device is a condenser or a collection device of specific components;
6. the processing equipment of claim 3, wherein the exhaust outlet of the branch of the bag filter is further provided with a tail gas treatment device, the inlet of the tail gas treatment device is connected with the exhaust outlet of the branch of the bag filter through a pipeline, the tail gas treatment device is a condenser or a collection device of specific components, and the air outlet of the tail gas treatment device is connected with the air inlet of the molecular sieve dryer;
7. a processing equipment of pharmaceutical and edible materials according to claim 3, an ash discharge valve is arranged on an ash discharge port of the cyclone dust collector, the outlet of the ash discharge valve is connected with an ash discharge port interface of the cyclone dust collector on the negative pressure circulating pipe, the medicine and edible material processing equipment is internally provided with a storage rack, the storage rack is used for placing materials to be dried, the storage rack is a closed box body with a door, the interior of the storage rack is layered by grids, the materials are uniformly fixed on the grids, a gap is reserved between the materials, the sum of the cross section area of any gap is larger than the cross section area of the positive pressure circulating pipe I, an air inlet of the storage rack is connected with an air outlet of the molecular sieve dryer, the air outlet of the storage rack is connected with an inlet of the medicine and edible material processing equipment, or/and the air inlet of the commodity shelf is connected with the air outlet of the branch of the bag type dust collector, and the air outlet of the commodity shelf is connected with the air inlet of the molecular sieve dryer;
8. the processing equipment of the medicine and the edible material as claimed in claim 4, wherein the processing equipment of the medicine and the edible material is provided with a storage rack, the storage rack is used for placing the material to be dried, the storage rack is a closed box body with a door, the interior of the storage rack is layered by a grid, the material is uniformly fixed on the grid, a gap is left between the materials, the sum of the cross section areas of the gaps is larger than the cross section area of the positive pressure circulating pipe I, an air inlet of the storage rack is connected with an air outlet of an air heater, an air outlet of the storage rack is connected with an inlet of the processing equipment of the medicine and the edible material, or/and an air inlet of the storage rack is connected with an air outlet of a branch of a bag type dust collector;
9. the processing equipment of medicine and edible material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the positive pressure circulation tube I is further provided with a discharge port, the discharge port is provided with a discharge valve, and/or the cyclone dust collector is provided with a discharge port, the discharge port is provided with a discharge valve, and/or a dust collector branch connector on the negative pressure circulation tube is eliminated, the bag type dust collector branch is disconnected with the negative pressure circulation tube, a discharge tee and an adjusting valve on the dust collector branch are eliminated, a planetary discharge valve is added at the tail end of the bag type dust collector branch, the material collected by the bag type dust collector branch is discharged by the planetary discharge valve, or a bent tube is further arranged inside the dust collector branch discharge tee, one end of the bent tube is connected with a third port of the discharge tee, and the other end is arranged in the other port of the tee in a suspended manner, the inlet of the regulating valve is connected with the third port of the discharge tee joint, the other port of the discharge tee joint is provided with a planetary discharge valve, and the material falling into the bottom of the branch of the dust remover is discharged by the planetary discharge valve.
10. The invention also provides a medicine and edible material processing equipment system which is characterized by comprising a front section device and a rear section device, wherein the front section device consists of the medicine and edible material processing equipment of any one of claims 1 to 9, the rear section device consists of the medicine and edible material processing equipment of claims 1 to 3 or the circulating fluidization equipment of any one of claims 1 to 14 of the invention patent 201310748462.7, and a feeding device interface of the rear section device is connected with a discharge valve outlet of the front section device;
figure 1 is a "liquid material drying apparatus" designed according to this patent. The device consists of a fan 201, a positive pressure circulating pipe I202, a cyclone dust collector 204, a positive pressure circulating pipe II 203, a dust collector branch, a negative pressure circulating pipe 213 and an adjusting device; the positive pressure circulating pipe I202 and the positive pressure circulating pipe II 203 are pipelines; the diameter of an ash discharge opening of the cyclone dust collector 204 is one fourth of that of an air inlet, a discharge opening is further formed in the cyclone dust collector, a discharge valve 205 is arranged on the discharge opening, an inlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected with an outlet of the positive pressure circulating pipe I202, and an air outlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected with an inlet of the positive pressure circulating pipe II 203; the dust remover branch is formed by sequentially connecting a first bag type dust remover 206, a second bag type dust remover 207, a discharge tee 208 and a regulating valve 209, the first bag type dust remover 206 and the second bag type dust remover 207 are the same as the bag type dust remover disclosed by the invention patent 201310748462.7, a discharge valve 212 is arranged on a third opening of the discharge tee 208, an inlet of the first bag type dust remover 206 is an inlet of the dust remover branch, an outlet of the regulating valve 209 is an outlet of the dust remover branch, and the inlet of the dust remover branch is connected with an outlet of a positive pressure circulating pipe II 203; the negative pressure circulating pipe 213 is a pipeline, the head end of the negative pressure circulating pipe 213 is an inlet, the tail end is an outlet, a cyclone dust collector ash discharge port interface, a dust collector branch interface and a feeding device interface are arranged between the outlet and the inlet, the feeding device interface is provided with an atomizer 210, the cyclone dust collector ash discharge port interface is connected with an ash discharge port of a cyclone dust collector 204, and the dust collector branch interface is connected with a dust collector branch outlet; the adjusting device comprises an inlet air flow temperature adjusting device and a fan rotating speed adjusting device, the inlet air flow temperature adjusting device controls the temperature of inlet air flow by utilizing an output signal of a temperature sensor 214 arranged at the outlet of the positive pressure circulating pipe I202 to enable the temperature in the fan not to exceed a set temperature, and the fan rotating speed adjusting device is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the fan to control the heat converted from the kinetic energy of the fan to enable the temperature in the fan not to exceed the set temperature. The outlet of the negative pressure circulating pipe 213, the inlet of the fan 201, the outlet of the fan 201 and the inlet of the positive pressure circulating pipe I202 are connected in sequence.
The working principle of the device is as follows: the fan and the high-speed airflow generated by the fan further disperse the material dispersed into particles by the atomizer to form a fluidized state and adjust the circulating flow in the circulating channel, the heat and moisture exchange speed between an operating medium and the material is greatly improved, the heat in the airflow is quickly absorbed by moisture vaporization, the temperature of the fluidized material is difficult to rise, the adjusting device can control the temperature in the machine below 50 ℃, the heat dissipation on the surface of the equipment and the heat taken away by waste gas are less, meanwhile, because of the high-speed circulating flow of the fluidized material, the kinetic energy of the fan is converted into heat energy to be supplied to the moisture vaporization, and because of the low temperature of the fluidized material, when the fluidized material is used for producing milk powder, the loss of nutrient components caused by high temperature is avoided, and meanwhile, the energy consumption.
The technical measures adopted for realizing the aim of the invention are that a method for preparing milk powder by drying emulsion adopts liquid material drying equipment designed according to a patent of 'processing equipment for medicine and edible materials' to dry and process the emulsion so as to prepare the milk powder, and comprises the following steps:
s1, equipment configuration: the configuration of the fan and the pipeline ensures that the air speed of air load in the positive pressure circulating pipe I is more than 32 m/s when the fan works under the frequency of a power supply;
s2, starting the equipment: switching on a power supply, starting a fan and a back blowing device of the bag type dust collector, and adjusting the rotating speed of the fan after the fan is started to enable the working current of the fan to be 40-75% of the rated current; after the equipment is started, the opening degree of a branch adjusting valve of the dust remover is adjusted to 10-25%;
s3, operation process:
s301, feeding: the emulsion meeting the requirements is added into equipment at a constant speed through an atomizer, the feeding speed is controlled to be adapted to the evaporation capacity of the equipment, so that dropwise milk does not appear at an ash discharge port of a cyclone dust collector, the feeding speed is not too low, and the feeding is stopped when the working current of a fan exceeds 98 percent of the rated current of the fan;
s302, operation process and operation in the process:
s30201, drying: after the emulsion is dispersed into particles by an atomizer, the emulsion forms a fluidized state under the action of a fan and high-speed airflow generated by the fan and flows in a circulating channel at a high speed in a circulating way, and the moisture in the particles is quickly volatilized and is discharged along with the airflow through a cloth bag of a bag type dust collector;
s30202, internal circulation: most materials are separated by the cyclone dust collector and enter the negative pressure circulating pipe together with a small part of air flow through the dust discharging port for circulating drying; a small part of material entering the branch of the bag type dust collector along with most of air flow is separated out and then enters the negative pressure circulating pipe along with a small part of air flow through the regulating valve;
s30203, supplementary feeding: along with the reduction of the moisture, the reduction of the density of the fluidized material can cause the load of the fan to be reduced, when the working current of the fan is reduced to be below 88% of the rated current, a feeding valve is opened to supplement feeding, and the feeding amount is controlled to be within 98% of the rated current of the fan; the time interval from the first charge to the first make-up charge is called the charge cycle;
s30204, discharging: after the time of a charging period, when the current reduction amplitude of the fan is less than 4% of the rated current, supplementary charging is not carried out any more, and when the water content of the materials in the machine meets the requirement, a discharging valve on the cyclone dust collector and a discharging valve on a dust collector branch discharging tee joint are opened and an adjusting valve is closed to discharge the materials in the machine;
after the materials in the machine are discharged, opening the regulating valve to the original opening, closing the discharge valve on the cyclone dust collector and the discharge valve on the dust collector branch discharge tee joint, and sequentially repeating S301, S30203 and S30204, thus repeatedly performing the circular operation;
s403, adjusting process parameters:
s40301, controlling the water content of the material entering the branch of the dust collector on the principle that the material is not adhered to a cloth bag of the bag type dust collector; the water content of the material entering the branch of the dust remover can be adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the fan, the atomization quality, the feeding speed and the feeding amount and changing the diameter of the ash discharging port of the cyclone dust remover;
s40302, adjusting a back-blowing device: observing the pressure condition of the branch of the dust remover in the operation process, and timely adjusting the back flushing period, the back flushing time and the back flushing air source pressure of the back flushing device to enable the pressure in the branch of the dust remover to be in a state as low as possible;
s40303, adjusting the material fluidization state: observing the fluidization state of the material in the operation process, and adjusting the rotating speed of the fan and the feeding amount to enable the material to be in a good fluidization state;
s40304, adjusting the temperature in the machine, observing the temperature state in the positive pressure circulation pipe I in the operation process, and timely adjusting the temperature of the air flow of the inlet air to be below 50 ℃; when the temperature in the positive pressure circulating pipe I cannot be controlled below 50 ℃ when the heating of the air inlet flow is stopped, the rotating speed of the fan is reduced, and the heat converted from the kinetic energy of the fan is reduced for control;
when the rotating speed of the fan needs to be reduced to control the temperature in the positive pressure circulating pipe I, the drying process enters a speed reduction drying period, the water content of materials in the machine is generally lower than 15%, the fluidization performance of the materials is improved, and a good fluidization state can be formed without too high wind speed;
s40305, judging the moisture content in the material: the drying speed is so fast that the moisture content of the materials in the machine cannot be determined by sampling detection; after the operation process enters a deceleration drying section, the temperature in the machine gradually rises, the humidity is continuously reduced, the mapping relation between the water content of the material in the machine and the temperature, the humidity, the current of the fan and the water content of the material in the machine can be obtained by comparing and observing the air flow discharged by a branch of the dust remover and the temperature, the humidity, the current of the fan and the water content of the material discharged from the machine, and the water content of the material in the machine is judged by means of the mapping relation; when the water content of the materials in the machine meets the requirement, the drying is finished;
s5, stopping the machine: after the operation is finished, opening a discharge valve on the cyclone dust collector, adjusting the rotating speed of the fan to enable the working current of the fan to reach 100% of the rated current, blowing the circulating channel at the maximum wind speed for 10 minutes, adjusting the power supply frequency of the fan to be the same as the power supply frequency after blowing, closing the fan, a back blowing device, the discharge valve on the cyclone dust collector and the discharge valve on the discharge tee joint, and cutting off the power supply to stop the machine;
s6, checking after shutdown: and (4) checking whether wet materials adhered in the circulating channel exist in the machine after the machine is stopped, and restarting the equipment to dry the wet materials in place if the wet materials are adhered in the circulating channel so as to prevent the wet materials from mildewing and affecting the quality of products produced subsequently.
The invention relates to a method for preparing milk powder by drying emulsion, which is characterized in that the emulsion is dried and processed to prepare the milk powder by using liquid material drying equipment designed according to a patent of 'medicine and edible material processing equipment', the nutritional ingredients of the milk powder cannot be damaged due to low operation temperature, and the energy consumption is low due to low internal temperature, less heat dissipation of the surface of the equipment and less heat taken away by waste gas.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a liquid material drying device designed according to the patent 'equipment for processing medicinal and edible materials'.
Detailed Description
Example 1: method for preparing milk powder from dry emulsion
A method for preparing milk powder by drying emulsion adopts liquid material drying equipment designed according to a patent of 'medicine and edible material processing equipment' to dry and process the emulsion to prepare the milk powder, and comprises the following steps:
s1, equipment configuration: the configuration of the fan and the pipeline ensures that the air speed of air load in the positive pressure circulating pipe I is more than 32 m/s when the fan works under the frequency of a power supply;
s2, starting the equipment: switching on a power supply, starting a fan and a back blowing device of the bag type dust collector, and adjusting the rotating speed of the fan after the fan is started to enable the working current of the fan to be 40-75% of the rated current; after the equipment is started, the opening degree of a branch adjusting valve of the dust remover is adjusted to 10-25%;
s3, operation process:
s301, feeding: the emulsion meeting the requirements is added into equipment at a constant speed through an atomizer, the feeding speed is controlled to be adapted to the evaporation capacity of the equipment, so that dropwise milk does not appear at an ash discharge port of a cyclone dust collector, the feeding speed is not too low, and the feeding is stopped when the working current of a fan exceeds 98 percent of the rated current of the fan;
s302, operation process and operation in the process:
s30201, drying: after the emulsion is dispersed into particles by an atomizer, the emulsion forms a fluidized state under the action of a fan and high-speed airflow generated by the fan and flows in a circulating channel at a high speed in a circulating way, and the moisture in the particles is quickly volatilized and is discharged along with the airflow through a cloth bag of a bag type dust collector;
s30202, internal circulation: most materials are separated by the cyclone dust collector and enter the negative pressure circulating pipe together with a small part of air flow through the dust discharging port for circulating drying; a small part of material entering the branch of the bag type dust collector along with most of air flow is separated out and then enters the negative pressure circulating pipe along with a small part of air flow through the regulating valve;
s30203, supplementary feeding: along with the reduction of the moisture, the reduction of the density of the fluidized material can cause the load of the fan to be reduced, when the working current of the fan is reduced to be below 88% of the rated current, a feeding valve is opened to supplement feeding, and the feeding amount is controlled to be within 98% of the rated current of the fan; the time interval from the first charge to the first make-up charge is called the charge cycle;
s30204, discharging: after the time of a charging period, when the current reduction amplitude of the fan is less than 4% of the rated current, supplementary charging is not carried out any more, and when the water content of the materials in the machine meets the requirement, a discharging valve on the cyclone dust collector and a discharging valve on a dust collector branch discharging tee joint are opened and an adjusting valve is closed to discharge the materials in the machine;
after the materials in the machine are discharged, opening the regulating valve to the original opening, closing the discharge valve on the cyclone dust collector and the discharge valve on the dust collector branch discharge tee joint, and sequentially repeating S301, S30203 and S30204, thus repeatedly performing the circular operation;
s403, adjusting process parameters:
s40301, controlling the water content of the material entering the branch of the dust collector on the principle that the material is not adhered to a cloth bag of the bag type dust collector; the water content of the material entering the branch of the dust remover can be adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the fan, the atomizing quality, the feeding speed and the feeding amount and changing the diameter of the ash discharging port of the cyclone dust remover,
s40302, adjusting a back-blowing device: observing the pressure condition of the branch of the dust remover in the operation process, and timely adjusting the back flushing period, the back flushing time and the back flushing air source pressure of the back flushing device to enable the pressure in the branch of the dust remover to be in a state as low as possible;
s40303, adjusting the material fluidization state: observing the fluidization state of the material in the operation process, and adjusting the rotating speed of the fan and the feeding amount to enable the material to be in a good fluidization state;
s40304, adjusting the temperature in the machine, observing the temperature state in the positive pressure circulation pipe I in the operation process, and timely adjusting the temperature of the air flow of the inlet air to be below 50 ℃; when the temperature in the positive pressure circulating pipe I cannot be controlled below 50 ℃ when the heating of the air inlet flow is stopped, the rotating speed of the fan is reduced, and the heat converted from the kinetic energy of the fan is reduced for control;
when the rotating speed of the fan needs to be reduced to control the temperature in the positive pressure circulating pipe I, the drying process enters a speed reduction drying period, the water content of materials in the machine is generally lower than 15%, the fluidization performance of the materials is improved, and a good fluidization state can be formed without too high wind speed;
s40305, judging the moisture content in the material: the drying speed is so fast that the moisture content of the materials in the machine cannot be determined by sampling detection; after the operation process enters a deceleration drying section, the temperature in the machine gradually rises, the humidity is continuously reduced, the mapping relation between the water content of the material in the machine and the temperature, the humidity, the current of the fan and the water content of the material in the machine can be obtained by comparing and observing the air flow discharged by a branch of the dust remover and the temperature, the humidity, the current of the fan and the water content of the material discharged from the machine, and the water content of the material in the machine is judged by means of the mapping relation; when the water content of the materials in the machine meets the requirement, the drying is finished;
s5, stopping the machine: after the operation is finished, opening a discharge valve on the cyclone dust collector, adjusting the rotating speed of the fan to enable the working current of the fan to reach 100% of the rated current, blowing the circulating channel at the maximum wind speed for 10 minutes, adjusting the power supply frequency of the fan to be the same as the power supply frequency after blowing, closing the fan, a back blowing device, the discharge valve on the cyclone dust collector and the discharge valve on the discharge tee joint, and cutting off the power supply to stop the machine;
s6, checking after shutdown: and (4) checking whether wet materials adhered in the circulating channel exist in the machine after the machine is stopped, and restarting the equipment to dry the wet materials in place if the wet materials are adhered in the circulating channel so as to prevent the wet materials from mildewing and affecting the quality of products produced subsequently.
Claims (1)
1. A method for preparing milk powder by drying emulsion is characterized in that: the method is characterized in that a liquid material drying device is adopted to dry and process emulsion to prepare milk powder, and the device is composed of a fan, a positive pressure circulating pipe I, a cyclone dust collector, a positive pressure circulating pipe II, a dust collector branch, a negative pressure circulating pipe and an adjusting device; the positive pressure circulating pipe I and the positive pressure circulating pipe II are pipelines; the ash discharge port of the cyclone dust collector is smaller than the air inlet, the cyclone dust collector is also provided with a discharge port, the discharge port is provided with a discharge valve, the inlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected with the outlet of the positive pressure circulating pipe I, and the air outlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected with the inlet of the positive pressure circulating pipe II; the dust remover branch is formed by sequentially connecting a first bag type dust remover, a second bag type dust remover, a discharge tee joint and a regulating valve, wherein the first bag type dust remover and the second bag type dust remover are pulse bag type dust removers, each pulse bag type dust remover comprises a shell, an air inlet pipe, an ash discharge pipe, a filter material and a back flushing device, the shell is of a cylinder structure, one end of the shell is provided with the air inlet pipe, the other end of the shell is provided with the ash discharge pipe, one end of the air inlet pipe is arranged outside the shell, the other end of the air inlet pipe extends into the shell, one end of the ash discharge pipe is arranged outside the shell, the other end of the ash discharge pipe; the filter material is tubular, two ends of the filter material are not sealed, the filter material is arranged in the shell, one end of the filter material is sleeved on the air inlet pipe by a clamp, and the other end of the filter material is sleeved on the ash discharge pipe by the clamp; the back-blowing device consists of a back-blowing valve, a back-blowing tee joint and an exhaust valve, wherein one port of the back-blowing tee joint is connected with an exhaust port, the other port of the back-blowing tee joint is connected with the exhaust valve, the other port of the back-blowing tee joint is connected with the back-blowing valve, the other end of the back-blowing valve is connected with a high-pressure air source, a discharge valve is arranged on the third port of the discharge tee joint, the inlet of the first bag type dust collector is the inlet of a dust collector branch, the outlet of the regulating valve is the outlet of the dust collector branch, and the inlet of the; the negative pressure circulating pipe is a pipeline, the head end of the negative pressure circulating pipe is an inlet, the tail end of the negative pressure circulating pipe is an outlet, a cyclone dust collector ash discharge port interface, a dust collector branch interface and a feeding device interface are arranged between the outlet and the inlet, an atomizer is arranged on the feeding device interface, the cyclone dust collector ash discharge port interface is connected with an ash discharge port of a cyclone dust collector, and the dust collector branch interface is connected with a dust collector branch outlet; the adjusting device comprises an inlet air flow temperature adjusting device and a fan rotating speed adjusting device, wherein the inlet air flow temperature adjusting device controls the temperature of inlet air flow by utilizing an output signal of a temperature sensor arranged at the outlet of the positive pressure circulating pipe I so that the temperature in the fan does not exceed a set temperature, the fan rotating speed adjusting device is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the fan so as to control the heat converted from the kinetic energy of the fan, so that the temperature in the fan does not exceed the set temperature, and the outlet, the inlet and the outlet of the negative pressure circulating pipe, the fan and the inlet of the positive; the method comprises the following steps:
s1, equipment configuration: the configuration of the fan and the pipeline ensures that the air speed of air load in the positive pressure circulating pipe I is more than 32 m/s when the fan works under the frequency of a power supply;
s2, starting the equipment: switching on a power supply, starting a fan and a back blowing device of the bag type dust collector, and adjusting the rotating speed of the fan after the fan is started to enable the working current of the fan to be 40-75% of the rated current; after the equipment is started, the opening degree of a branch adjusting valve of the dust remover is adjusted to 10-25%;
s3, operation process:
s301, feeding: the emulsion meeting the requirements is added into equipment at a constant speed through an atomizer, the feeding speed is controlled to be adapted to the evaporation capacity of the equipment, so that dropwise milk does not appear at an ash discharge port of a cyclone dust collector, the feeding speed is not too low, and the feeding is stopped when the working current of a fan exceeds 98 percent of the rated current of the fan;
s302, operation process and operation in the process:
s30201, drying: after the emulsion is dispersed into particles by an atomizer, the emulsion forms a fluidized state under the action of a fan and high-speed airflow generated by the fan and flows in a circulating channel at a high speed in a circulating way, and the moisture in the particles is quickly volatilized and is discharged along with the airflow through a cloth bag of a bag type dust collector;
s30202, internal circulation: most materials are separated by the cyclone dust collector and enter the negative pressure circulating pipe together with a small part of air flow through the dust discharging port for circulating drying; a small part of material entering the branch of the dust remover along with most of air flow is separated out and then enters the negative pressure circulating pipe along with a small part of air flow through the regulating valve;
s30203, supplementary feeding: along with the reduction of the moisture, the reduction of the density of the fluidized material can cause the load of the fan to be reduced, when the working current of the fan is reduced to be below 88 percent of the rated current, the atomizer is started to supplement the material, and the feeding amount is controlled to be within 98 percent of the rated current of the fan; the time interval from the first charge to the first make-up charge is called the charge cycle;
s30204, discharging: after the time of a charging period, when the current reduction amplitude of the fan is less than 4% of the rated current, supplementary charging is not carried out any more, and when the water content of the materials in the machine meets the requirement, a discharging valve on the cyclone dust collector and a discharging valve on a dust collector branch discharging tee joint are opened and an adjusting valve is closed to discharge the materials in the machine;
after the materials in the machine are discharged, opening the regulating valve to the original opening, closing the discharge valve on the cyclone dust collector and the discharge valve on the dust collector branch discharge tee joint, and sequentially repeating S301, S30203 and S30204, thus repeatedly performing the circular operation;
s403, adjusting process parameters:
s40301, controlling the water content of the material entering the branch of the dust collector on the principle that the material is not adhered to a cloth bag of the bag type dust collector; the water content of the material entering the branch of the dust remover can be adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the fan, the atomizing quality, the feeding speed and the feeding amount and changing the diameter of the ash discharging port of the cyclone dust remover,
s40302, adjusting a back-blowing device: observing the pressure condition of the branch of the dust remover in the operation process, and timely adjusting the back flushing period, the back flushing time and the back flushing air source pressure of the back flushing device to enable the pressure in the branch of the dust remover to be in a state as low as possible;
s40303, adjusting the material fluidization state: observing the fluidization state of the material in the operation process, and adjusting the rotating speed of the fan and the feeding amount to enable the material to be in a good fluidization state;
s40304, adjusting the temperature in the machine, observing the temperature state in the positive pressure circulation pipe I in the operation process, and timely adjusting the temperature of the air flow of the inlet air to be below 50 ℃; when the temperature in the positive pressure circulating pipe I cannot be controlled below 50 ℃ when the heating of the air inlet flow is stopped, the rotating speed of the fan is reduced, and the heat converted from the kinetic energy of the fan is reduced for control;
when the rotating speed of the fan needs to be reduced to control the temperature in the positive pressure circulating pipe I, the drying process enters a speed reduction drying period, the water content of materials in the machine is generally lower than 15%, the fluidization performance of the materials is improved, and a good fluidization state can be formed without too high wind speed;
s40305, judging the moisture content in the material: the drying speed is so fast that the moisture content of the materials in the machine cannot be determined by sampling detection; after the operation process enters a deceleration drying section, the temperature in the machine gradually rises, the humidity is continuously reduced, the mapping relation between the water content of the material in the machine and the temperature, the humidity, the current of the fan and the water content of the material in the machine can be obtained by comparing and observing the air flow discharged by a branch of the dust remover and the temperature, the humidity, the current of the fan and the water content of the material discharged from the machine, and the water content of the material in the machine is judged by means of the mapping relation; when the water content of the materials in the machine meets the requirement, the drying is finished;
s5, stopping the machine: after the operation is finished, opening a discharge valve on the cyclone dust collector, adjusting the rotating speed of the fan to enable the working current of the fan to reach 100% of the rated current, blowing the circulating channel at the maximum wind speed for 10 minutes, adjusting the power supply frequency of the fan to be the same as the power supply frequency after blowing, closing the fan, a back blowing device, the discharge valve on the cyclone dust collector and the discharge valve on the discharge tee joint, and cutting off the power supply to stop the machine;
s6, checking after shutdown: and (4) checking whether wet materials adhered in the circulating channel exist in the machine after the machine is stopped, and restarting the equipment to dry the wet materials in place if the wet materials are adhered in the circulating channel so as to prevent the wet materials from mildewing and affecting the quality of products produced subsequently.
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| JP4376544B2 (en) * | 2003-05-12 | 2009-12-02 | 太陽化学株式会社 | Dried fruit |
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