CN104855316B - A kind of method and simulator in simulation fresh water mussel habitat - Google Patents
A kind of method and simulator in simulation fresh water mussel habitat Download PDFInfo
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- CN104855316B CN104855316B CN201510261388.5A CN201510261388A CN104855316B CN 104855316 B CN104855316 B CN 104855316B CN 201510261388 A CN201510261388 A CN 201510261388A CN 104855316 B CN104855316 B CN 104855316B
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- water
- gradual change
- open channel
- pressure pipe
- mussel
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- 241000237536 Mytilus edulis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 235000020638 mussel Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
- 108091006146 Channels Proteins 0.000 abstract 2
- 102000010637 Aquaporins Human genes 0.000 abstract 1
- 108010063290 Aquaporins Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
- E02B1/02—Hydraulic models
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Control Of Non-Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods in simulation fresh water mussel habitat, this method is that fresh water mussel has been placed in pressure pipe and gradual change open channel, water body is set to be flowed in circulation loop by conduit and booster pump again, simultaneously by adding drug, changing supercharging pump pressure and water plate height, change water body environment and water volume flow rate, to simulate the habitat of fresh water mussel.According to the simulator constructed by preceding method, it includes pressure pipe (1), has pressure pipe (1) front end to be connected with water inlet (2), has pressure pipe (1) rear end to be connected with gradual change open channel (3)；Gradual change open channel (3) rear end is equipped with tail water bank (4), and tail water bank (4) rear end is connected with water outlet (5)；Booster pump (7) is connected with by conduit (6) on the water inlet (2), booster pump (7) is also connect by conduit (6) with water outlet (5).The present invention can not only be convenient for desk research, reduce the difficulty and cost of research, also have the advantages that simulation effect is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and simulator in simulation fresh water mussel habitat, especially one kind being capable of mould indoors
The method and simulator in quasi- fresh water mussel habitat.
Background technology
In recent years, fresh water mussel is largely assembled at positions such as aqueduct, power station trash rack, tailwater tunnels；On the one hand
Aqueduct area of section is caused to reduce, discharge capacity reduces, and hydroelectric station operation benefit is relatively low；On the other hand pipe is resulted even in
Road blocks, and causes the safety accidents such as hydraulic turbine shutdown.In addition, structures surface adhesion of the fresh water mussel in steel or concrete,
Structures surface protection film can be caused to damage, accelerate structures corrosion, shorten the service life of structures.In order to reduce or solve fresh water
The harm of mussel, so the research work about fresh water mussel physiological ecological and prevention and control measure is more and more.But at present about
The research of fresh water mussel needs field test development in the wild, research difficulty big, of high cost.Therefore, being badly in need of one kind now can
The method in the simulation fresh water mussel habitat carried out indoors, to carry out the research to fresh water mussel.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods and simulator in simulation fresh water mussel habitat.The present invention is not only
It can be convenient for desk research, reduce the difficulty and cost of research, also have the advantages that simulation effect is good.
Technical scheme of the present invention：A method of simulation fresh water mussel habitat includes the following steps：
A, fresh water mussel has been placed in pressure pipe and gradual change open channel, make fresh water mussel be adsorbed on naturally pressure pipe tube wall and
On gradual change open channel inner surface；
B, will there are pressure pipe, gradual change open channel to be connected with booster pump using conduit, and constitute circulation loop；
C, water body is injected in circulation loop, and starts booster pump, and water body is made to be flowed in circulation loop；
D, liquor natrii hypochloritis is added in circulating water body, changes water body environment；
E, it adjusts the pressure of booster pump and is put into the water fender of different height, have water volume flow rate in pressure pipe and gradually to change
Become the gradual change degree of water volume flow rate in open channel, completes the simulation to fresh water mussel habitat.
In a kind of method in simulation fresh water mussel habitat above-mentioned, the effective chlorine of the liquor natrii hypochloritis in the step d
Content is equal to or more than 5%, and liquor natrii hypochloritis is added in water body makes the available chlorine content in water body be 10mg/L~50mg/
L, and the pH value of water body is made to increase 0.1~0.5.
In a kind of method in simulation fresh water mussel habitat above-mentioned, the pressure of the booster pump in the step e be 0bar~
5bar, power are 150W~320W, and the water fender height being put into is 80mm~130mm, the bottom of water fender bottom and gradual change open channel
Face connects, and makes water body from overflow at the top of water fender, and it is 0m/s~2.5m/s to have the water volume flow rate in pressure pipe, gradual change open channel
The water volume flow rate for being discharged changeover portion is 0m/s~1.2m/s.
According to a kind of simulator of the method structure in simulation fresh water mussel habitat above-mentioned, includes pressure pipe, there is pressure pipe
Front end is connected with water inlet, has pressure pipe rear end to be connected with gradual change open channel；Gradual change open channel rear end is equipped with tail water bank, tail water bank rear end
It is connected with water outlet；Booster pump is connected with by conduit on the water inlet, booster pump is also connect by conduit with water outlet.
In simulator above-mentioned, the gradual change open channel includes transition, and transition front end is connected with into water changeover portion, gradually
Become section rear end and be connected with water outlet changeover portion, is provided with cover board above transition, cover board can be completely covered into water changeover portion, gradual change
Section and water outlet changeover portion；The horizontal cross-section of transition is trapezoidal, and the width of transition front end is smaller than the width of transition rear end.
In simulator above-mentioned, the tail water bank includes card slot, is connected with water fender in card slot, water fender bottom with gradually
The bottom surface for becoming open channel connects, and card slot is connect with the side wall of gradual change open channel.
Described to have pressure pipe bottom, gradual change open channel bottom parallel with water outlet bottom in simulator above-mentioned, conduit is
PVC hose, it is organic glass to have the material of pressure pipe and gradual change open channel.
Compared with prior art, the present invention devises a kind of method in the simulation fresh water mussel habitat that can be carried out indoors
And simulator.The present invention, which is provided with, pressure pipe and gradual change open channel, so that fresh water mussel adsorbs, then is made by conduit and booster pump
Water body is flowed having in pressure pipe and gradual change open channel, due to the principle directly proportional to flow velocity of flow section under same traffic, water body
Flow velocity is gradually reduced in gradual change open channel, to simulate the living environment of pipeline pressure flow, open channel pressure free current and flow velocity gradual change, just
Step improves simulation effect；By adding drug in water body, adjusting supercharging pump pressure and being put into the water fender of different height, to change
Become water body environment and water volume flow rate, so as to simulate complicated living environment, further increases simulation effect.Thus in room
Inside simulate the living environment of field condition, consequently facilitating indoors carry out fresh water mussel research, reduce research difficulty and
Cost.Therefore, the present invention can not only be convenient for desk research, reduce the difficulty and cost of research, also have simulation effect
The good advantage of fruit.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of the present invention.
Label in attached drawing be：1- has a pressure pipe, 2- water inlets, 3- gradual change open channels, 4- tail water banks, 5- water outlets, 6- conduits,
7- booster pumps, 31- transitions, 32- water inlet changeover portions, 33- are discharged changeover portion, 34- cover boards, 41- card slots, 42- water fenders.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but is not intended as the foundation limited the present invention.
Embodiment one.Structure is as shown in Figure 1, 2.A method of simulation fresh water mussel habitat includes the following steps：
A, fresh water mussel has been placed in pressure pipe 1 and gradual change open channel 3, fresh water mussel is made to be adsorbed on the pipe of pressure pipe 1 naturally
On 3 inner surface of wall and gradual change open channel；
B, will there are pressure pipe 1, gradual change open channel 3 and booster pump 7 to connect using conduit, and constitute circulation loop；
C, water body is injected in circulation loop, and starts booster pump 7, and water body is made to be flowed in circulation loop；
D, the liquor natrii hypochloritis that available chlorine content is equal to 5% is added in circulating water body, and time chlorine is added in every liter of water body
Acid sodium solution 1ml, it is 10mg/L to make the available chlorine content in water body, and the pH value of water body is made to increase 0.1；
E, it adjusts the pressure of booster pump 7 and is put into the water fender 42 of different height, to change the water volume flow rate having in pressure pipe 1
With the gradual change degree of water volume flow rate in gradual change open channel 3, the simulation to fresh water mussel habitat is completed.
The pressure of booster pump 7 in the step e is 4bar, and the height for the water fender 42 being put into is 80mm, water fender 42
Bottom and gradual change open channel 3 bottom surface connect, make water body from 42 top overflow of water fender, there is the water volume flow rate in pressure pipe 1
The water volume flow rate of 2m/s, the water outlet changeover portion 32 of gradual change open channel 3 are 0.78m/s.
According to a kind of simulator of the method structure in simulation fresh water mussel habitat above-mentioned, as shown in Figure 1, 2, packet is constituted
Pressure pipe 1 has been included, has there is a diameter of 80mm of pressure pipe 1, length 500mm, has had 1 front end of pressure pipe to be connected with water inlet 2, water inlet 2
A diameter of 30mm, length 50mm have 1 rear end of pressure pipe to be connected with gradual change open channel 3；3 rear end of gradual change open channel is equipped with tail water bank 4,
4 rear end of tail water bank is connected with water outlet 5,5 a diameter of 30mm of water outlet, length 50mm；Pass through conduit 6 on the water inlet 2
It is connected with booster pump 7, booster pump 7 is also connect by conduit 6 with water outlet 5.
The gradual change open channel 3 includes transition 31, and 31 length of transition is 500mm, be highly 160mm, nose width is
80mm, rear end width are 160mm, and 31 front end of transition is connected with the water inlet changeover portion 32 that length is 50mm, 31 rear end of transition
Be connected with the water outlet changeover portion 33 that length is 50mm, the top of transition 31 is provided with cover board 34, cover board 34 can be completely covered into
Water changeover portion 32, transition 31 and water outlet changeover portion 33；The horizontal cross-section of transition 31 is trapezoidal.
The tail water bank 4 includes card slot 41, water fender 42 is connected in card slot 41, the height of water fender 42 is 80mm, gear
42 bottom of water plate and the bottom surface of gradual change open channel 3 connect, and card slot 41 is connect with the side wall of gradual change open channel 3.It is described to have 1 bottom of pressure pipe
Portion, 3 bottom of gradual change open channel are parallel with 5 bottom of water outlet, and conduit 6 is PVC hose.
Embodiment two.Structure is as shown in Figure 1, 2.A method of simulation fresh water mussel habitat includes the following steps：
A, fresh water mussel has been placed in pressure pipe 1 and gradual change open channel 3, fresh water mussel is made to be adsorbed on the pipe of pressure pipe 1 naturally
On 3 inner surface of wall and gradual change open channel；
B, will there are pressure pipe 1, gradual change open channel 3 and booster pump 7 to connect using conduit, and constitute circulation loop；
C, water body is injected in circulation loop, and starts booster pump 7, and water body is made to be flowed in circulation loop；
D, the liquor natrii hypochloritis that available chlorine content is equal to 5% is added in circulating water body, and time chlorine is added in every liter of water body
Acid sodium solution 5ml, it is 50mg/L to make the available chlorine content in water body, and the pH value of water body is made to increase 0.5；
E, it adjusts the pressure of booster pump 7 and is put into the water fender 42 of different height, to change the water volume flow rate having in pressure pipe 1
With the gradual change degree of water volume flow rate in gradual change open channel 3, the simulation to fresh water mussel habitat is completed.
The pressure of booster pump 7 in the step e is 4bar, and the height for the water fender 42 being put into is 130mm, water fender 42
Bottom and gradual change open channel 3 bottom surface connect, make water body from 42 top overflow of water fender, there is the water volume flow rate in pressure pipe 1
The water volume flow rate of 2m/s, the water outlet changeover portion 32 of gradual change open channel 3 are 0.4m/s.
According to a kind of simulator of the method structure in simulation fresh water mussel habitat above-mentioned, as shown in Figure 1, 2, packet is constituted
Pressure pipe 1 has been included, has there is a diameter of 80mm of pressure pipe 1, length 500mm, has had 1 front end of pressure pipe to be connected with water inlet 2, water inlet 2
A diameter of 30mm, length 50mm have 1 rear end of pressure pipe to be connected with gradual change open channel 3；3 rear end of gradual change open channel is equipped with tail water bank 4,
4 rear end of tail water bank is connected with water outlet 5,5 a diameter of 30mm of water outlet, length 50mm；Pass through conduit 6 on the water inlet 2
It is connected with booster pump 7, booster pump 7 is also connect by conduit 6 with water outlet 5.
The gradual change open channel 3 includes transition 31, and 31 length of transition is 500mm, be highly 160mm, nose width is
80mm, rear end width are 160mm, and 31 front end of transition is connected with the water inlet changeover portion 32 that length is 50mm, 31 rear end of transition
Be connected with the water outlet changeover portion 33 that length is 50mm, the top of transition 31 is provided with cover board 34, cover board 34 can be completely covered into
Water changeover portion 32, transition 31 and water outlet changeover portion 33；The horizontal cross-section of transition 31 is trapezoidal.
The tail water bank 4 includes card slot 41, water fender 42 is connected in card slot 41, the height of water fender 42 is 130mm, gear
42 bottom of water plate and the bottom surface of gradual change open channel 3 connect, and card slot 41 is connect with the side wall of gradual change open channel 3.It is described to have 1 bottom of pressure pipe
Portion, 3 bottom of gradual change open channel are parallel with 5 bottom of water outlet, and conduit 6 is PVC hose.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method in simulation fresh water mussel habitat, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
A, fresh water mussel has been placed in pressure pipe and gradual change open channel, fresh water mussel is made to be adsorbed on pressure pipe tube wall and gradual change naturally
On open channel inner surface；
B, will there are pressure pipe, gradual change open channel to be connected with booster pump using conduit, and constitute circulation loop；
C, water body is injected in circulation loop, and starts booster pump, and water body is made to be flowed in circulation loop；
D, liquor natrii hypochloritis is added in water body, changes water body environment；
E, it adjusts the pressure of booster pump and is put into the water fender of different height, have water volume flow rate in pressure pipe and gradual change bright to change
The gradual change degree of channel water body flow velocity completes the simulation to fresh water mussel habitat；The gradual change open channel includes water inlet changeover portion, gradually
Become section and water outlet changeover portion, the horizontal cross-section of transition is trapezoidal, and the width of transition front end is than the width of transition rear end
It is small；The available chlorine content of liquor natrii hypochloritis in the step d is equal to or more than 5%, and it is molten that sodium hypochlorite is added in water body
Liquid makes the available chlorine content in water body be 10mg/L~50mg/L, and the pH value of water body is made to increase 0.1~0.5；In the step e
Booster pump pressure be 0bar~5bar, power be 150W~320W, the water fender height being put into be 80mm~130mm, gear
Water board bottom portion and the bottom surface of gradual change open channel connect, and make water body from overflow at the top of water fender, have the water volume flow rate in pressure pipe to be
The water volume flow rate of 0m/s~2.5m/s, the water outlet changeover portion of gradual change open channel are 0m/s~1.2m/s；Mould according to this method structure
Quasi- device, includes pressure pipe (1), has pressure pipe (1) front end to be connected with water inlet (2), have pressure pipe (1) rear end to be connected with gradual change open channel
(3)；Gradual change open channel (3) rear end is equipped with tail water bank (4), and tail water bank (4) rear end is connected with water outlet (5)；The water inlet (2)
Upper to be connected with booster pump (7) by conduit (6), booster pump (7) is also connect by conduit (6) with water outlet (5).
2. a kind of method in simulation fresh water mussel habitat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The gradual change open channel
(3) include transition (31), transition (31) front end is connected with into water changeover portion (32), and transition (31) rear end is connected with water outlet
Changeover portion (33), transition (31) top are provided with cover board (34)；The horizontal cross-section of transition (31) is trapezoidal, and transition
(31) width of front end is smaller than the width of transition (31) rear end.
3. a kind of method in simulation fresh water mussel habitat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The tail water bank (4)
Including card slot (41), it is connected with water fender (42) in card slot (41), card slot (41) is connect with the side wall of gradual change open channel (3), water blocking
Plate (42) bottom and the bottom surface of gradual change open channel (3) connect.
4. a kind of method in simulation fresh water mussel habitat according to claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterised in that：It is described to have pressure
Pipe (1) bottom, gradual change open channel (3) bottom are parallel with water outlet (5) bottom, and conduit (6) is PVC hose.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510261388.5A CN104855316B (en) | 2015-05-21 | 2015-05-21 | A kind of method and simulator in simulation fresh water mussel habitat |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510261388.5A CN104855316B (en) | 2015-05-21 | 2015-05-21 | A kind of method and simulator in simulation fresh water mussel habitat |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104855316A CN104855316A (en) | 2015-08-26 |
| CN104855316B true CN104855316B (en) | 2018-08-17 |
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| CN111893942A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-11-06 | 河海大学 | Device and method for simulating adhesion process of limnoperna lacustris |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2005002593A (en) * | 2003-06-10 | 2005-01-06 | Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The | Adhesion preventive method for kawahibari-gai(a kind of mussel) |
| CN202310786U (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-07-11 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Submerged plant cultivating and testing apparatus capable of simulating river water body |
| CN103523899A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for removing limnoperna lacustris from long-distance raw water conveying pipeline by using combined effect of sodium hypochlorite and water flushing |
| CN104222050B (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2016-08-24 | 南通大学 | A kind of method preventing and treating raw water pipeline fresh water mussel |
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