CN104852062A - A waste lithium-manganese dioxide battery material recycling method - Google Patents
A waste lithium-manganese dioxide battery material recycling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104852062A CN104852062A CN201510058724.6A CN201510058724A CN104852062A CN 104852062 A CN104852062 A CN 104852062A CN 201510058724 A CN201510058724 A CN 201510058724A CN 104852062 A CN104852062 A CN 104852062A
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- lithium
- battery
- positive electrode
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- manganese dioxide
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/52—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste cells or batteries, e.g. recycling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Abstract
The present invention provides a waste lithium-manganese dioxide battery material recycling method, including the following main steps: step A: after completely discharging a waste lithium and manganese dioxide primary battery, unpacking a housing of the battery, directly recycling components of the battery, and separating a positive electrode material from a positive electrode plate; step B: determining contents of lithium and manganese elements in the obtained positive electrode material, adjusting a Li/Mn molar ratio to 0.5-0.58, and then smashing and uniformly mixing the obtained material; step C: placing the obtained mixture in a muffle furnace for pre-heating, roasting the mixture for 1-2 hours at a temperature of 300-500 DEG C in an air atmosphere, cooling the roasted mixture to a room temperature, and then smashing and uniformly mixing the cooled mixture again; and step D: placing the obtained mixture after pre-heating in the muffle furnace again, roasting the mixture for 4-50 hours at a temperature of 600-1200 DEG C, cooling the roasted mixture to a room temperature, discharging the cooled mixture from the furnace, and smashing and screening the mixture, thereby obtaining lithium manganite which is the lithium ion battery positive electrode material. The method of the present invention is easy to be used for scale production, solves environmental problems that may be caused by the waste lithium manganese dioxide battery, and has a high economic benefit and social benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of recovery method of electrode material of battery, particularly relate to a kind of new method of waste and old lithium-manganese dioxide battery MAT'L recycling.
Background technology
Lithium-manganese dioxide (Li-MnO
2) primary cell has high voltage, high-energy-density, the long (10-15 of storage life, year self-discharge rate is less than 1 %), the outstanding advantages such as safe and reliable, be widely used in the fields such as memory back-up source, wireless senser, long distance control system, automotive electronics.Lithium-manganese dioxide primary cell (abbreviation lithium-manganese cell) comprises cylindrical steel shell mould battery, aluminum plastic film rectangular cell, button cell etc., whole world annual production is about 50,000,000, the following speed increase that will keep annual about 7 %, along with technological progress China has become lithium-manganese cell producing country maximum in the world.
Lithium-manganese cell contained material after electric discharge completes still is sealed up for safekeeping in battery case, if with the direct landfill of house refuse, the organic solvent of then contained in lithium-manganese cell manganese metal, lithium, iron, nickel, chromium, aluminium and electrolyte can penetrate in soil, polluted underground water, and then enter in fish, crops, destroy biological environment, directly threaten the health of the mankind.In addition, material contained in lithium-manganese cell is also raw material important in industrial production, and the metal such as manganese, lithium, iron, nickel, chromium, aluminium contained in waste and old lithium-manganese cell has industrial application value, if do not recycled, will cause the huge wasting of resources.The research of current China to manganese dioxide system Battery disposal technology mainly generates manganese dioxide or manganese metal.The application for a patent for invention that Chinese Patent Application No. 201210017163.1 is called the recoverying and utilizing method of valuable metal " in a kind of manganese system old and useless battery ", disclose and a kind ofly realize by pyrometallurgy the comprehensive utilization that waste zinc manganese dry battery, Spent Alkaline Manganese Dioxide Battery, waste and old lithium manganese primary cell and positive electrode are manganese in the waste and old lithium ion battery of LiMn2O4 or LiMn2O4 derivative, iron, zinc, lithium metals resources, make the product such as manganeisen and zinc oxide.Chinese Patent Application No. 201110321111.9 is called the application for a patent for invention of " a kind of recovery method of electrode material of battery ", disclose and a kind of the electrode material dissolves of battery to be recycled is obtained solidliquid mixture in N-ethyl-N-propyl group l pyrrolidines hexafluorophosphate, N-ethyl-N-butyl pyrrolidine hexafluorophosphate, trimethyl eyeball methyl amine tetrafluoroborate, 4-butyl amine tetrafluoroborate plasma liquid, after this solidliquid mixture is filtered, then at high temperature calcination is carried out to filtrate and obtain manganese dioxide.This kind of technical characterstic is the various compositions that can utilize old and useless battery, but because of energy consumption in technical process large, industrialization cost is high, and also may produce a large amount of toxic wastewaters, is not inconsistent with the national conditions of China present energy-conserving and environment-protective sustainable development.
Lithium manganate having spinel structure has that security performance is good, aboundresources, cheap, environmental protection, operating voltage high, be one of good positive electrode material of lithium secondary cell of chemical property of generally acknowledging at present.Along with the development of New-energy electric vehicle and wind power generation, solar power generation, electrical network trough energy-storage system, will increase gradually the demand of LiMn2O4.Exploitation can utilize the method for waste and old lithium-manganese dioxide primary cell manufacture of materials lithium manganate having spinel structure, and reclaiming to have on the electrode material of old and useless battery important affects meaning.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the process simplifying lithium-manganese dioxide primary cell old and useless battery material recovery, on the basis making full use of manganese element and elemental lithium in lithium-manganese dioxide old and useless battery, there is provided a kind of technique simple, economical and practical, recycle the method that lithium-manganese dioxide primary cell electrode material prepares positive electrode material of lithium secondary cell lithium manganate having spinel structure.Comprise following key step:
Steps A: after waste and old lithium-manganese dioxide primary cell is thoroughly discharged, take battery case apart, its parts are directly reclaimed, and positive electrode is separated from positive plate;
Step B: the content measuring lithium, manganese element in the positive electrode obtained, adds lithium compound or manganese compound according to mol ratio Li/Mn=0.5-0.58, resize ratio, is then pulverized and mixed evenly;
Step C: gained batch mixing is put into Muffle furnace pre-burning, 300-500 DEG C of roasting 1-2 hour in air atmosphere, be pulverized and mixed after room temperature cooling evenly again;
Step D: batch mixing after gained pre-burning is put into Muffle furnace again, roasting 4-50 hour within the scope of 600-1200 DEG C, continues in roasting process to pump into oxygen or oxygen-enriched air, is cooled to room temperature and comes out of the stove, pulverize and sieve, thus obtained lithium cell anode material lithium manganate.
Preferably, described steps A comprises: by positive electrode from positive plate separate for: the shell old and useless battery in glove box is opened, isolate positive plate, positive plate is put into the organic solvent of air dry oven dried recovered electrolyte, dried positive plate is put into autoclave, add a small amount of water, slow intensification pressurization, pressure reaches 0.1-0.3 Mpa and maintains 1-10 minute, then pressure release suddenly, positive powder is separated with metal collector, then through screening, positive powder is separated with collector, obtains positive electrode.
Preferably, the positive electrode reclaimed in steps A is the mixture of lithium manganese oxide and binding agent, conductive agent.
Preferably, described lithium compound is the one in the lithium compounds such as lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, lithium acetate, lithium nitrate.
Preferably, described manganese compound is the one in the manganese compound such as manganese dioxide, mangano-manganic oxide.
Preferably, the time of moment pressure release is 0.1 second.
Method of the present invention, based on atom economy principle, makes not produce pollutant in whole waste and old lithium manganese dioxide cell removal process, improves the economic benefit of battery recycling, reduces production cost.
The present invention compared with prior art, has following advantage or effect:
1) the present invention realizes fully recycling the manganese element in waste and old lithium-manganese dioxide primary cell and elemental lithium.
2) equipment used in the present invention is few, and production technology is simple, does not produce pollutant, technology has advance in preparation process.
3) the present invention is easy to accomplish scale production, and solves the environmental problem that waste and old lithium manganese dioxide cell may cause, and has very high economic benefit and social value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photo of obtained LiMn2O4 in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is business electrolytic manganese dioxide X-ray diffractogram.
Fig. 4 is the X-ray diffractogram of positive pole manganese dioxide after electric discharge.
Fig. 5 is the X-ray diffractogram of obtained LiMn2O4 in embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 is obtained LiMn2O4 first charge-discharge curve in embodiment 1.
Fig. 7 is obtained LiMn2O4 1C (25 DEG C and 50 DEG C) charge-discharge performance curve in embodiment 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, preferably embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail:
Embodiment 1:
The old and useless battery that the present embodiment will reclaim is box hat cylindrical CR123A 1300mAh lithium-manganese dioxide primary cell.
1) box hat of old and useless battery is peelled off, by isolation of components such as the manganese dioxide positive pole sheet of battery and barrier films, then positive plate to be placed in convection oven 130 DEG C of dryings 3 hours, electrolyte solvent remaining in positive plate volatilization is collected, dried positive plate is put into autoclave, add a small amount of water, 5 DEG C/min heats up, 5 minutes are maintained when pressure reaches 0.2 MPa, then moment pressure release, positive powder is separated with plus plate current-collecting body stainless (steel) wire, then positive electrode and stainless (steel) wire is classified reclaim through screening.
2) carry out elementary analysis to the positive powder reclaimed, wherein Fe content is 57.03 wt%, and oxygen content is 33.21 wt%, and lithium content is 4.94 wt%, and carbon content is 4.81 wt%.
3) with the positive powder reclaimed for main raw material(s), according to mol ratio Li/Mn=0.52, in the positive powder of above-mentioned recovery, add lithium hydroxide, ball milling makes material fully mix in 1 hour.Compound, first 400 DEG C of calcined at temperature 2 hours, to be down to after room temperature ball milling 10 hours, then to be calcined 36 hours at 700 DEG C, obtain lithium secondary battery lithium manganate having spinel structure positive electrode after naturally cooling.Carry out ESEM, X-ray diffraction analysis, charge-discharge test to the manganate cathode material for lithium obtained, test result is shown in Fig. 1-7 respectively.
In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the primary particle particle diameter of the LiMn2O4 of SEM photo display synthesis is at 0.1-O.2 μm, and second particle particle diameter is at about 11 μm.Manganese dioxide positive pole material after electrolytic manganese dioxide in comparison diagram 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, thoroughly electric discharge and the X-ray diffraction spectrogram of obtained LiMn2O4, in Fig. 5, the X-ray diffraction peak of LiMn2O4 conforms to standard card PDF#35-782, and the battery material illustrating to reclaim successfully prepares the good lithium manganate having spinel structure of crystalline structure.Fig. 6 first charge-discharge curve has distinctive two voltage platforms of LiMn2O4, and initial charge specific capacity reaches 125mAh/g, and specific discharge capacity reaches 112mAh/g.In Fig. 7, under 25 DEG C of 1C multiplying powers, after discharge and recharge 200 times circulation, capacity still remains on more than 92%, and at 50 DEG C, after 1C circulation 200 times, capacity still remains on more than 83%.
Embodiment 2:
The old and useless battery that the present embodiment will reclaim is Soft Roll aluminum plastic film square CP052545 1200mAh lithium-manganese dioxide primary cell.The aluminum plastic membrane shell of old and useless battery is peelled off, the positive plate of battery is separated from battery, by isolation of components such as the manganese dioxide positive pole sheet of battery and barrier films, then positive plate to be placed in convection oven 140 DEG C of dryings 1 hour, electrolyte solvent remaining in positive plate volatilization is collected, dried positive plate is put into autoclave, add a small amount of water, 10 DEG C/min heats up, 3 minutes are maintained when pressure reaches 0.5 MPa, then moment pressure release, positive powder is separated with plus plate current-collecting body aluminium foil, then positive electrode and aluminium foil is classified reclaim through screening.
2) carry out elementary analysis to the positive powder reclaimed, wherein Fe content is 53.22 wt%, and oxygen content is 32.94 wt%, and lithium content is 7.71 wt%, and carbon content is 6.13 wt%.
3) with the positive powder reclaimed for main raw material(s), according to mol ratio Li/Mn=0.53, in the positive powder of above-mentioned recovery, add lithium acetate, ball milling makes material fully mix in 2 hours.Compound is first 500 DEG C of calcined at temperature 1 hour, and ball milling 6 hours after cooling, then 800 DEG C of calcinings 24 hours, obtains spinel lithium manganese oxide anode material after naturally cooling.
Embodiment 3:
The old and useless battery that the present embodiment will reclaim is button CR2032 210mAh lithium-manganese dioxide primary cell.The box hat of waste and old button cell is taken apart, the positive plate of battery is separated from battery, by isolation of components such as the manganese dioxide positive pole sheet of battery and barrier film, spring, pads, then positive plate to be placed in convection oven 130 DEG C of dryings 2 hours, electrolyte solvent remaining in positive plate volatilization is collected, dried positive plate is put into autoclave, add a small amount of water, 10 DEG C/min heats up, 1 minute is maintained when pressure reaches 0.8 MPa, then moment pressure release, positive powder is separated with plus plate current-collecting body aluminium net, then positive electrode and aluminium net is classified reclaim through screening.
2) carry out elementary analysis to the positive powder reclaimed, wherein Fe content is 58.22 wt%, and oxygen content is 32.94 wt%, and lithium content is 7.01 wt%, and carbon content is 6.13 wt%.
3) with the positive powder reclaimed for main raw material(s), according to mol ratio Li/Mn=0.5, in the positive powder of above-mentioned recovery, add mangano-manganic oxide, ball milling makes material fully mix in 3 hours.Compound is first 450 DEG C of calcined at temperature 3 hours, and ball milling 2 hours after cooling, then 1000 DEG C of calcinings 12 hours, obtains spinel lithium manganese oxide anode material after naturally cooling.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation further description made for the present invention, can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some simple deduction or replace can also be made, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a method for waste and old lithium-manganese dioxide battery MAT'L recycling, is characterized in that, comprises following key step:
Steps A: after waste and old lithium-manganese dioxide primary cell is thoroughly discharged, take battery case apart, its parts are directly reclaimed, and positive electrode is separated from positive plate;
Step B: the content measuring lithium, manganese element in the positive electrode obtained is that 0.5-0.58 adds lithium compound or manganese compound, resize ratio according to mol ratio Li/Mn, is then pulverized and mixed evenly;
Step C: gained batch mixing is put into Muffle furnace pre-burning, 300-500 DEG C of roasting 1-2 hour in air atmosphere, be pulverized and mixed after room temperature cooling evenly again;
Step D: batch mixing after gained pre-burning is put into Muffle furnace again, roasting 4-50 hour within the scope of 600-1200 DEG C, continue in roasting process to pump into oxygen or oxygen-enriched air, be cooled to room temperature and come out of the stove, pulverize and sieve, obtain lithium cell anode material lithium manganate.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, described steps A comprises: by positive electrode from positive plate separate for: the shell old and useless battery in glove box is opened, isolate positive plate, positive plate is put into the organic solvent of air dry oven dried recovered electrolyte, dried positive plate is put into autoclave, add a small amount of water, slow intensification pressurization, pressure reaches 0.1-0.3 MPa and maintains 1-10 minute, then moment pressure release, positive powder is separated with metal collector, through screening, positive powder is separated with collector again, obtain positive electrode.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the positive electrode reclaimed in steps A is the mixture of lithium manganese oxide and binding agent, conductive agent.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described lithium compound is the one in lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, lithium acetate, lithium nitrate.
5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described manganese compound is the one in manganese dioxide, mangano-manganic oxide.
6. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the time of moment pressure release is 0.1 second.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105098281A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-11-25 | 郭建 | Method for recycling multi-element anode material from waste multi-element power lithium ion battery |
| CN105470492A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-04-06 | 南方科技大学 | Recycling method of waste alkaline manganese battery positive electrode material, trimanganese tetroxide composite slurry and application thereof |
| CN106115788A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-16 | 广西桂柳化工有限责任公司 | Method for preparing nano manganese dioxide by using waste battery as raw material |
| CN106241880A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-12-21 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for recovering high-purity manganese dioxide from waste manganese dry batteries and application |
| CN111477865A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-07-31 | 广西锰华新能源科技发展有限公司 | Method for producing lithium manganate in internal oxygen mode |
| CN114583196A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-06-03 | 楚能新能源股份有限公司 | Method for recycling waste lithium-manganese dioxide battery |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105098281A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-11-25 | 郭建 | Method for recycling multi-element anode material from waste multi-element power lithium ion battery |
| CN105470492A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-04-06 | 南方科技大学 | Recycling method of waste alkaline manganese battery positive electrode material, trimanganese tetroxide composite slurry and application thereof |
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| CN106115788A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-16 | 广西桂柳化工有限责任公司 | Method for preparing nano manganese dioxide by using waste battery as raw material |
| CN111477865A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-07-31 | 广西锰华新能源科技发展有限公司 | Method for producing lithium manganate in internal oxygen mode |
| CN111477865B (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2023-03-31 | 广西锰华新能源科技发展有限公司 | Method for producing lithium manganate in internal oxygen mode |
| CN114583196A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-06-03 | 楚能新能源股份有限公司 | Method for recycling waste lithium-manganese dioxide battery |
| CN114583196B (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2023-01-24 | 楚能新能源股份有限公司 | Method for recycling waste lithium-manganese dioxide battery |
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