CN104849531A - Undercurrent fiber sensor for ammeter - Google Patents
Undercurrent fiber sensor for ammeter Download PDFInfo
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- CN104849531A CN104849531A CN201510262474.8A CN201510262474A CN104849531A CN 104849531 A CN104849531 A CN 104849531A CN 201510262474 A CN201510262474 A CN 201510262474A CN 104849531 A CN104849531 A CN 104849531A
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Abstract
Disclosed is an undercurrent fiber sensor for an ammeter. The undercurrent fiber sensor comprises a light beam splitting and combining device, an optical coupler, a Feraday fiber ring, a quarter wave plate, a fiber reflector and a polarization maintaining fiber ring. The light beam splitting and combining device has beam combining ends and beam splitting ends; the two beam combining ends of the light beam splitting and combining device are respectively connected with a light source and a photoelectric detector, the first beam splitting end of the light beam splitting and combining device is connected with the output of the polarization maintaining fiber ring, the second beam splitting end of the light beam splitting and combining device is connected with the optical coupler, the third end of the optical coupler is connected with the Faraday fiber ring through the quarter wave plate, the end portion of the Faraday fiber ring is provided with the fiber reflector, the second end of the optical coupler is connected with the input end of the polarization maintaining fiber ring, and the first beam splitting end and the second beam splitting end of the light beam splitting and combining device are connected in series with a polarizer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of current sensor, especially optical fiber small electric current sensor.
Background technology
The high speed development of modern industry, require to have improved much to the measurement of electric current, the current conveying to electrical network and detection are had higher requirement, the measurement means of traditional high-voltage great-current will be faced with severe tests. the optical fiber current sensing system that the development along with optical fiber technology and material science gets up, because having good insulativity and antijamming capability, higher measuring accuracy, easy miniaturization, there is no a series of superiority such as potential explosion danger, and attract widespread attention. the cardinal principle of fibre optic current sensor is the Faraday effect utilizing magneto-optical crystal.Laser beam by optical fiber, and produces polarized light through the polarizer, and through GRIN Lens, people is mapped to magneto-optical crystal: under the external magnetic field that electric current produces, and plane of polarization rotates θ F angle; Through analyzer, optical fiber, entering signal detection system, by obtaining current value to the measurement of θ F, when the angle arranging two polarizer printing opacity main shafts in system is 45 °, output intensity after sensor-based system is: l=(Io/2) (1+sin2 θ F), in formula, Io is incident intensity. by the measurement to output intensity, just can draw θ F, thus the size of electric current can be measured.
By the measurement (being detect foundation with strength of current) to Faraday rotation angular phasing, the magnetic field intensity that electric current produces can be obtained, thus can size of current be calculated. due to the advantage that optical fiber has that anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, good insulation preformance, signal attenuation are little, thus in Faradic current sensor research, the general optical fiber that all adopts is as transmission medium, existing ammeter small electric current sensor all adopts the loop construction of electromagnetic induction, there is not fibre optic current sensor, and adopt the low cost small electric current sensor of optical fiber to be direction in the future.
The current sensor be adapted to be mounted within 240 volt of-600 peace transformer station main line occurs, this sensor exports the electric power of transformer station and monitors, and can reduce the power off time that local power network fault causes.Current sensor can carry out current monitoring to service cable, if cable outlet overload, these current sensors by a part of load transfer plan in other phases, or in the new cable laid, can protect safe handling and the operation of cable.
CN200710041685 discloses a kind of through type interfere type all-fiber current sensor, this all-fiber current sensor is made up of 3X3 polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, comprises light source, 3X3 polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, fibre optic polarizer, 1/4 optical-fibre wave plate and sensing fiber ring; Light source is connected to one end of 3X3 polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, and wherein two-port respectively with two fibre optic polarizers of 3X3 polarization-maintaining fiber coupler are connected; The other end of two fibre optic polarizers receives sensing fiber ring respectively by 1/4 optical-fibre wave plate; The wherein Single port of 3X3 polarization-maintaining fiber coupler is vacant; The residue two-port of 3X3 polarization-maintaining fiber coupler is connected with signal processor respectively by two photodetectors.
The measurement of the Faraday rotation angular phasing of optical fiber also exists in application not enough to some extent at low cost small electric current sensor, the side-play amount of the Faraday rotation angular phasing mainly measured is little, signal weakens, and in addition, it is also a problem that drift temperature causes signal stable not.Although there is other method possibility head it off.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to, under the Inherent advantage keeping Fibre Optical Sensor and prerequisite, a kind of small area analysis Fibre Optical Sensor of electric energy meter is proposed, it can be even the sensor of domestic type electric energy meter, on the basis of measuring principle utilizing optical fiber faraday rotation angle phase place, prepare a kind of low cost small electric current sensor, keep and extract the Faraday rotation angular phasing signal measured, and solve drift temperature.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: ammeter small area analysis Fibre Optical Sensor, comprises light and divides bundling device, photo-coupler, faraday fiber optic loop, quarter-wave plate, fiber reflector and polarization-maintaining fiber coil; Described light divides conjunction bundle end and the beam splitting end of bundling device; Described light divides the two ends of the conjunction Shu Duan of bundling device to connect light source and photoelectric detector respectively, light divides the output of the first beam splitting termination polarization-maintaining fiber coil of bundling device, described light divides the second beam splitting termination photo-coupler of bundling device, photo-coupler the 3rd end is connected with faraday fiber optic loop by quarter-wave plate, faraday fiber optic loop end is provided with fiber retroreflector, the input end of the second termination polarization-maintaining fiber coil of photo-coupler, described light divides the first and second beam splitting ends of bundling device all to connect the polarizer.
The course of work of the present invention is: faraday fiber optic loop is through the wire of electric current to be measured, the magnetic field produced due to electric current makes the phase place of the light in faraday fiber optic loop change because of Faraday effect, this light velocity the polarization-maintaining fiber coil of optical fiber be surely the light containing phase signal of Sagnac effect test wrapper through producing through heterodyne later (light beam that same light source sends is decomposed into two bundles by Sagnac effect, allow this two-beam in same loop, follow row junction generation interference after a week in opposite direction), and abandoned the light of other spurious signal, thus polarization-maintaining fiber coil divides after bundling device through light just can obtain the very high signal of signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) to photoelectric detector, especially accurate Sagnac effect test wrapper can design to obtain non complete symmetry, thus eliminates the shifted signal produced because of faraday fiber optic loop, and the change of phase differential when two-beam meets directly can reflect size of current.The parameter such as the fiber optic coils number of turns, diameter of polarization-maintaining fiber coil or faraday fiber optic loop revised a little by fibre optic current sensor of the present invention, can be used for the direct current under various voltage, ac current sensor.And to be produced by the linear polarization polarizer and line polarisation and quarter wave plate realize the extraction of the signal of two mutually perpendicular linearly polarized lights.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: fibre optic current sensor (1) is easily installed, without break line, is only wound on elongated, soft insulating optical fiber on conductor and just can detects electric current, can realize the minor benefit lightweight of whole sensing device; (2) without the interference of electromagnetic noise.In recent years in measurement control system, generally the output of sensor is connected to the electronic loop of semiconductor, sensing device itself is all made up of optical device, therefore has electromagnetism interference (EMI) characteristic; (3) measure scope wide, do not have magnetically saturated restriction unshakable in one's determination, meanwhile, the fast response time of Faraday effect, has from low to high, to wide measurement model a side gate of an imperial palace of big current; (4) because signal passes through Optical Fiber Transmission.Wave form distortion is little.Loss is little, therefore can realize the Signal transmissions of long distance.Achieve a kind of high-precision signal conversion plan, for rectifier opertaing device provides high-precision analog signal and standard digital communication interface.(5) compared with electromagnetic type current sensor, volume is little, lightweight, full without magnetic, without ferroresonance problem, insulation is simple, dynamic range is large, export easier digitizing; Substantially temperature noise is overcome; Practical, measuring error is less than positive and negative 0.2%, is applicable to realizing industrialization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in the figure, polarization-maintaining fiber coil 1, faraday fiber optic loop 2, fiber reflector 3, light divide bundling device 4, photo-coupler 5, the polarizer 6, quarter-wave plate 7.
Faraday fiber optic loop 2 of the present invention optical fiber coiling 100-200 circle, around on the skeleton of a cylinder non-magnet material, light divides bundling device to be actually a two coupling mechanism, to have two conjunction bundle ends and two beam splitting ends; Two are closed bundle end and all have the connection of optically-coupled with two beam splitting ends respectively, and two to be closed between Shu Duan or between two beam splitting ends and non-correlation; Described light divides the two ends of the conjunction Shu Duan of bundling device to connect light source (adopting the laser of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA)) and photoelectric detector (employing photodiode) respectively, light divides the output of the first beam splitting termination polarization-maintaining fiber coil of bundling device, described light divides the second beam splitting termination photo-coupler of bundling device, photo-coupler the 3rd end is connected with faraday fiber optic loop by quarter-wave plate, faraday fiber optic loop end is provided with fiber retroreflector, the input end of the second termination polarization-maintaining fiber coil of photo-coupler, described light divides the first and second beam splitting ends of bundling device all to connect the polarizer.
Polarization-maintaining fiber coil reference optical fiber gyro is all solid state gyroscope fiber optic loop used of application Sagnac effect test angular velocity of rotation, the light beam of its input end is decomposed into two bundles, allows this two-beam in same loop, follow the row Sagnac effect that after a week, junction generation is interfered in opposite direction.The present invention applies this principle, allows the signal of Faraday effect directly produce interference signal; The inclined fiber optic loop of invention that breaks even adopts four extremely symmetrical windings, and is aided with fluid sealant filling, forms all solid state fiber optic loop coil.Four extremely symmetrical windings can alleviate the impact because thermograde and stress gradient cause effectively, can improve the stability of optical fibre gyro.Especially two number of loop turns unequal, receive the polarization-maintaining fiber coil number of loop turns of faraday fiber optic loop lower than polarization-maintaining fiber coil second number of loop turns.Fiber optic loop internal diameter 20 ~ 100mm, fiber optic loop external diameter 30 ~ 150mm, fiber lengths 50-200m, the every layer of number of turn 20 ~ 150 circle, ring product index, the decay of measurement parameter bit indicator: operation wavelength 1310/1550nm, ring cross-talk dB<-15, ring <1.0dB/km, polarization-maintaining fiber coil typical length: 20-30 rice can be effective, and the intensity of number of turns high-resolution signal is higher.
Core of the present invention divides bundling device to realize the extraction of the signal of two mutually perpendicular linearly polarized lights with light.Crossing light divides the rear two bunch polarized lights of bundling device deciliter bundle for load signal, dextrorotation (left-handed) circularly polarized light is converted into again through quarter-wave plate linearly polarized light, rotation direction is changed into left-handed (dextrorotation) circularly polarized light by fiber reflector after faraday optical fiber, with contrary oppositely again through faraday optical fiber, linearly polarized light is converted back to again through quarter-wave plate, but now polarization state is converted into original perpendicular polarisation state, then carry out interfering the signal extracting the faraday optical fiber generation needed to export through polarization-maintaining fiber coil.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; be noted that for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. ammeter small area analysis Fibre Optical Sensor, is characterized in that comprising light divides bundling device, photo-coupler, faraday fiber optic loop, quarter-wave plate, fiber reflector and polarization-maintaining fiber coil; Described light divides conjunction bundle end and the beam splitting end of bundling device; Described light divides the two ends of the conjunction Shu Duan of bundling device to connect light source and photoelectric detector respectively, light divides the output of the first beam splitting termination polarization-maintaining fiber coil of bundling device, described light divides the second beam splitting termination photo-coupler of bundling device, photo-coupler the 3rd end is connected with faraday fiber optic loop by quarter-wave plate, faraday fiber optic loop end is provided with fiber retroreflector, the input end of the second termination polarization-maintaining fiber coil of photo-coupler, described light divides the first and second beam splitting ends of bundling device all to connect the polarizer.
2. ammeter small area analysis Fibre Optical Sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that polarization-maintaining fiber coil internal diameter 20 ~ 100 mm, fiber optic loop external diameter 30 ~ 150mm, fiber lengths 50-200m, the every layer of number of turn 20 ~ 150 circle.
3. ammeter small area analysis Fibre Optical Sensor according to claim 2, is characterized in that the length of polarization-maintaining fiber coil: 20-30 rice.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510262474.8A CN104849531B (en) | 2015-05-21 | 2015-05-21 | Ammeter low current fibre optical sensor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510262474.8A CN104849531B (en) | 2015-05-21 | 2015-05-21 | Ammeter low current fibre optical sensor |
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| CN104849531A true CN104849531A (en) | 2015-08-19 |
| CN104849531B CN104849531B (en) | 2018-03-13 |
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Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1154278A2 (en) * | 2000-05-05 | 2001-11-14 | Abb Research Ltd. | Fibre-optic current sensor |
| CN2638071Y (en) * | 2003-04-24 | 2004-09-01 | 郭伟 | Reflection type sagnek interferometer full optical fiber electric current mulual induction device |
| JP2004361196A (en) * | 2003-06-04 | 2004-12-24 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | Optical-fiber current sensor |
| CN101320055A (en) * | 2007-06-06 | 2008-12-10 | 上海康阔光通信技术有限公司 | Full optical fiber current sensor |
| CN101334427A (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2008-12-31 | 上海大学 | Reflecting type full-optical fiber current sensor |
| CN101446600A (en) * | 2008-09-28 | 2009-06-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Optical fiber current sensing device used for monitoring subway stray current |
| CN102426280A (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2012-04-25 | 上海大学 | Reflection-type Sagnac interference fiber current sensor |
-
2015
- 2015-05-21 CN CN201510262474.8A patent/CN104849531B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1154278A2 (en) * | 2000-05-05 | 2001-11-14 | Abb Research Ltd. | Fibre-optic current sensor |
| CN2638071Y (en) * | 2003-04-24 | 2004-09-01 | 郭伟 | Reflection type sagnek interferometer full optical fiber electric current mulual induction device |
| JP2004361196A (en) * | 2003-06-04 | 2004-12-24 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | Optical-fiber current sensor |
| CN101320055A (en) * | 2007-06-06 | 2008-12-10 | 上海康阔光通信技术有限公司 | Full optical fiber current sensor |
| CN101334427A (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2008-12-31 | 上海大学 | Reflecting type full-optical fiber current sensor |
| CN101446600A (en) * | 2008-09-28 | 2009-06-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Optical fiber current sensing device used for monitoring subway stray current |
| CN102426280A (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2012-04-25 | 上海大学 | Reflection-type Sagnac interference fiber current sensor |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 陈安伟等: "全光纤电流互感器温度性能优化方法", 《电力自动化设备》 * |
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