CN104846177B - A kind of method that utilization continuous annealing prepares low cost oriented silicon steel - Google Patents
A kind of method that utilization continuous annealing prepares low cost oriented silicon steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN104846177B CN104846177B CN201510250592.7A CN201510250592A CN104846177B CN 104846177 B CN104846177 B CN 104846177B CN 201510250592 A CN201510250592 A CN 201510250592A CN 104846177 B CN104846177 B CN 104846177B
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- silicon steel
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of method that utilization continuous annealing prepares low cost oriented silicon steel, and process route is：Smelt and casting → hot rolling → once cold rolling → intermediate annealing → secondary cold-rolling → continuous annealing.The present invention eliminates normalizing process premised on orientation silicon steel low-temperature heat, while the slow heating high temperature long term annealing in traditional handicraft is changed into continuous annealing, substantially reduces the production duration, has reached cost-effective and put forward efficient purpose.The final magnetic property for preparing product is far above traditional non-orientation silicon steel, slightly below commercial orientation silicon steel.In the field that some orientation silicon steels and non-orientation silicon steel can be shared, preferable effect can be played.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production method of orientation silicon steel, especially a kind of short route, low cost, low energy consumption is prepared and taken
To the production method of silicon steel.
Background technology
Silicon steel is mainly used to make iron core as one of core material of all kinds of motors and transformer.With mechanical and electrical industry
Continue to develop, to the demand of silicon steel also in increase.Orientation silicon steel is described as " handicraft " in steel industry, its excellent property
It can be praised highly always.But its production procedure length, technology difficulty are big, energy consumption and material consumption are big, it is with high costs to prepare.Country is to section at present
The work that can lower consumption is paid much attention to, and the Committee of Development and Reform proposes the requirement of " take resolute measures and promote energy-saving and emission-reduction ".Original cumbersome takes
Demand of the China to orientation silicon steel can not be met at present to silicon steel process.Simultaneously as orientation silicon steel process is complicated, its price one
It can be in any more directly.
Exactly because and the price too expensive of orientation silicon steel, actual production life in, originally some application-oriented silicon
Steel as directional magnetic field core material, by non-orientation silicon steel material such as small power transformer, electromagnetic switch, voltage-stablizer
Replaced.Non-orientation silicon steel replaces the application of orientation silicon steel although to save substantial amounts of production cost, but due to its low magnetic strength, height
The characteristic of iron loss, brings huge energy loss during practical application.It is a kind of new in order to solve the above problems
Prepared by low cost oriented silicon steel, to replace the orientation silicon steel of relatively low use standard just to have critically important practical significance：On the one hand
For orientation silicon steel, cost is saved greatly；On the other hand for non-orientation silicon steel, magnetic property has significantly
Raising, save energy consumption.
Although having some patents at present has certain improvement of simplifying to tradition directed silicon steel preparation technology, prepare and use
When it is still oversize, it is impossible to meet present demand.A kind of " common orientation silicon steel manufacture method of energy-saving high efficiency
(CN102534363A) " describe a kind of by the preparation method that secondary recrystallization is annealed and high temperature purification is separately carried out, long-time
High temperature purification still expend substantial amounts of cost, and the secondary recrystallization annealing used time is longer, is not suitable for carrying out in continuous oven.Specially
Sharp " method (CN101433911A) of producing low cost oriented silicon steel using continuous casting and rolling technique of sheet bar " is main by adjusting throwing
Speed to control finishing temperature with reach short route, low energy consumption purpose, while eliminate normalizing process, but to it is final for a long time
High annealing do not improve.Normalizing process is replaced by application coiling technique in United States Patent (USP) US0537398A1, shortens technique
Flow, so that the preparation cost of orientation silicon steel decreases, and magnetic property gets a promotion, but this technique is still to be directed to
For common orientation silicon steel.Do not improved in the final annealing stage, it is impossible to effectively shorten preparation time, prepare cost still
It is high.Japanese JFE companies develop the method that no inhibitor prepares orientation silicon steel, and this technology of preparing is brilliant using wide-angle high energy
Boundary's secondary recrystallization is theoretical.On the premise of magnetic property is ensured, MgO coatings and high temperature purification process are eliminated, reduction is prepared into
This.But the secondary recrystallization in this preparation method can only occur in slow temperature-rise period, secondary recrystallization annealing time
It is longer.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the preparation side that a kind of low cost, magnetic property are slightly below commercial orientation silicon steel at present
Method, premised on orientation silicon steel low-temperature heat rolling, produces secondary recrystallization using a small amount of inhibitor, eliminates normalizing work
Skill.The high annealing of tradition directed silicon steel is changed into continuous annealing to be implemented, plays energy-saving, the work of production efficiency is improved
With.
1 process route：
Smelt and continuous casting → hot rolling → once cold rolling → intermediate annealing → secondary cold-rolling → continuous annealing
2 technological parameters
2.1 smelt and continuous casting
The composition (wt%) of the present invention of table 1 is as follows：
| Si | C | Mn | S | Al |
| 2.8~3.2 | 0.04~0.06 | 0.04~0.06 | 0.02~0.03 | 0.01~0.02 |
C containing higher proportion in original material in the present invention, mainly for preventing primary recrystallization crystal grain from growing up, makes just
Secondary recrystal grain is uniformly tiny, is conducive to the progress of secondary recrystallization.Heat, cold-workability can be improved simultaneously.Mn, S element
Addition, it is possible to use its inhibitory action, have in the secondary recrystallization stage using Goss be orientated crystal grain abnormal growth.It is same with this
When, add a certain proportion of Al elements in material, can in material preparation process Solid solution precipitation AlN particles, auxiliary MnS produces
Inhibitory action.
2.2 hot rolling technology
The ingot bar that slab thickness is 28~30mm is obtained after smelting and continuous casting, in 1200~1280 DEG C of temperature range inside holdings
30~60min, is finally rolled to as the steel plate of 2.0~2.3mm thickness, it is ensured that finishing temperature is higher than 850 DEG C.The setting of hot-rolled temperature,
According to 2.8~3.2%Si electrical sheets, the solid solubility temperature formula of MnS particles is：
The original material composition provided with reference to table 1, it can be calculated that when heating-up temperature is 1239 DEG C, MnS particles can be with complete
Full solid solution.It can speculate that, at 1200 DEG C, the solid solution capacity of MnS particles has been reached than larger ratio according to this.Higher end
Rolling temperature is conducive to the crystallite dimension of hot rolled plate to increase, and improves final magnetic property, while the precipitation time of inhibitor is extended,
Increase the amount of precipitation of inhibitor.
2.3 once cold rolling techniques
Hot rolled plate start after pickling it is cold rolling for the first time, it is cold rolling before sample is preheated to 100~150 DEG C, insulation 5~
10min, prevents sample from steel plate thickness occurring after embrittlement phenomenon, once cold rolling in cold-rolled process in 0.46~0.72mm scopes
Interior, it is 65%~80% to control reduction ratio.
2.4 intermediate annealing process
By the sheet material of once cold rolling to different-thickness, 850 are quickly heated up to 250~350 DEG C/min programming rate
~900 DEG C of 5~6min of insulation, the protective atmosphere of intermediate annealing is H2：N2=1：1.Sample after once cold rolling passes through intermediate annealing
Tissue can be adjusted, is conducive to improving final magnetic property, and primary recrystallization even grain size can be made, is conducive to secondary
Recrystallization.
2.5 secondary cold-rolling techniques
The sample of different-thickness is after intermediate annealing, in order to prevent surface oxidation, and then carries out second of cold rolling, pressure
Rate is controlled in the range of 68%~50%, is finally rolled to 0.20~0.23mm thickness.
2.6 continuous annealing process
To secondary cold-rolling plate decarburizing annealing, secondary cold-rolling plate is quickly heated extremely with 250~350 DEG C/min programming rate
850~900 DEG C, 6~8min is incubated, in insulating process, N is controlled2：H2=3：2, bath temperature is 65~70 DEG C.Relative to work
Industry prepares orientation silicon steel, and this experiment uses longer decarburization time, on the one hand can make the comparison that decarburization is carried out completely, the opposing party
Face can also primary recrystallization completely, to ensure even grain size before secondary recrystallization.
Sample after decarburization terminates quickly heats up to 1050~1100 DEG C of temperature with 250~350 DEG C/min programming rate
The lower final annealing of degree, the soaking time for setting final annealing is 5~10min, and H is passed through during insulation2.Make in an environment of high temperature
Secondary recrystallization quickly occurs for steel plate.
The present invention is eliminated normalizing and MgO coating process, is made production compacter premised on Low Temperature Hot Rolling, simultaneously will
Prolonged high annealing is changed to continuous annealing, shortens technological process and production time, greatly increases production efficiency.Together
When, the more traditional non-orientation silicon steel of final performance of product of the present invention is greatly improved, slightly below commercial orientation silicon steel, can be at some
In non-orientation silicon steel and the shared field of orientation silicon steel, used as substitute, reach energy-efficient purpose.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is continuous annealing process of the embodiment of the present invention.
The metallographic structure of orientation silicon steel finished product after Fig. 2 anneals for 5min under 1050 DEG C of holding temperatures, wherein a-1 represents secondary
Cold rolling reduction ratio is that 50%, a-2 represents that secondary cold-rolling reduction ratio is that 60%, a-3 represents that secondary cold-rolling reduction ratio is 68%.
The metallographic structure of orientation silicon steel finished product after Fig. 3 anneals for 10min under 1050 DEG C of holding temperatures, wherein b-1 represents two
Secondary cold rolling reduction ratio is that 50%, b-2 represents that secondary cold-rolling reduction ratio is that 60%, b-3 represents that secondary cold-rolling reduction ratio is 68%.
Embodiment
1 process route
Smelt and continuous casting → hot rolling → once cold rolling → intermediate annealing → secondary cold-rolling → continuous annealing
2 technological parameters
2.1 smelt and continuous casting
By smelting gained orientation silicon steel composition such as table 2, the original thickness of strand is 30mm.
The composition of table 2 (wt%)
| Si | C | Mn | S | Al |
| 3 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.017 |
2.2 hot rolling technology
Original strand is incubated 30min at 1200 DEG C, five passages are hot-rolled down to the hot rolled plate of 2mm thickness after heating
Material.
2.3 once cold rolling techniques
10min is preheated at 150 DEG C, the control of once cold rolling reduction ratio is 77.5%, 71.5%, 64% 3 parameter.Through
The thickness for crossing steel plate after once cold rolling is respectively 0.46mm, 0.56mm, 0.72mm.
2.4 intermediate annealing process
The cold-reduced sheet of different-thickness is quickly heated up to 850 DEG C with 300 DEG C/min firing rate, 5min is incubated, during which
Protective atmosphere be H2：N2=1：1.
2.5 secondary cold-rolling techniques
It is respectively 50%, 60%, 68% to set second of cold rolling reduction ratio, is 0.46mm, 0.56mm, 0.72mm by thickness
Intermediate annealing plate second it is cold rolling, it is 0.23mm to obtain final thickness.
2.6 continuous annealing
Secondary cold-rolling plate is quickly heated up into 850 DEG C of beginning decarburizations with 300 DEG C/min firing rate, 8min is incubated, protects
Decarburizing atmosphere ratio is H during temperature2：N2=2：3, bath temperature is 65 DEG C.
It is rapidly heated after decarburizing annealing with 300 DEG C/min programming rate to 1050 DEG C, 5min, 10min is incubated respectively.Protect
Protective gas is H during temperature2, see Fig. 1.
Fig. 2, orientation silicon steel shown in 3 pass through under different cold rolling reduction ratios, 1050 DEG C of holding temperatures after 5min, 10min annealing
The metallographic structure of production board.As can be seen that 5min anneals, sample segment has occurred and that obvious phenomenon of secondary recrystallization, 10min
Annealing, secondary recrystallization is basically completed.Listed from table 3 under different process it was found from the magnetic property of product, all Chan Pin Ci senses are equal high
In 1.75T, iron loss meets the industrial requirement to general non-oriented electrical steel substantially in below 5W/kg.The final annealing time is
10min different cold rolling rate sample , Ci are felt close to 2T, and iron loss is also very low, can be used as the low replacement for requiring oriented electrical steel
Product.Wherein especially with sample under the cold rolling reduction ratio of 77.5%+50%, 64%+68%, the magnetic property after 10min anneals is best.
The magnetic property of product in each embodiment of table 3
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method that utilization continuous annealing prepares low cost oriented silicon steel, it is characterised in that：
1）Smelt and cast：Smelting chemical weight ratio of constituents be C0.04% ~ 0.06%, Si2.8% ~ 3.2%, Mn0.04% ~ 0.06%,
S0.02% ~ 0.03%, Al0.01% ~ 0.02%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity, and slab thickness is 28 ~ 32mm；
2）Hot rolling technology：Strand is incubated 30 ~ 60min at a temperature of 1200 ~ 1280 DEG C, hot rolled 2 ~ 2.3mm of acquisition thickness
Hot rolled steel plate；
3）Once cold rolling：Reduction ratio is controlled in 65% ~ 80% scope, rolls rear steel plate thickness for 0.46 ~ 0.72mm；
4）Intermediate annealing：Under protective atmosphere, 850 ~ 900 DEG C, insulation are quickly heated up to 250 ~ 350 DEG C/min programming rate
5~6min；
5）Secondary cold-rolling：Reduction ratio is controlled in 68% ~ 50% scope, rolls rear steel plate thickness for 0.20 ~ 0.23mm；
6）Continuous annealing：Secondary cold-rolling plate is quickly heated up to 850 ~ 900 DEG C with 250 ~ 350 DEG C/min programming rate, protected
Protect and 6 ~ 8min is incubated under atmosphere, bath temperature control is 65 ~ 70 DEG C；After decarburization terminates, with 250 ~ 350 DEG C/min programming rate
It is rapidly heated to 1050 ~ 1100 DEG C, 5 ~ 10min is incubated under protective atmosphere.
2. the method for preparing low cost oriented silicon steel using continuous annealing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
Rapid 4）Protective atmosphere is H during intermediate annealing2：N2=1：1.
3. the method for preparing low cost oriented silicon steel using continuous annealing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
Rapid 6）During continuous annealing decarburization, it is N to control protective atmosphere ratio2：H2=3：2；After decarburization terminates, H is passed through during insulation2Protect
Shield.
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