CN104836628B - A kind of antenna in cell method for analyzing performance and device based on antenna lobe pattern - Google Patents
A kind of antenna in cell method for analyzing performance and device based on antenna lobe pattern Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of antenna in cell method for analyzing performance and device based on antenna lobe pattern, the described method includes：According to the related data and parameter information of all cells in region to be analyzed, cell to be detected is determined；According to the data acquisition plan to match with each cell to be detected, the data that each cell to be detected is gathered are retrieved as；According to the data collected, actual antennas lobe pattern is generated for each cell to be detected；According to the actual antennas lobe pattern of each cell to be detected, determine that antenna performance does not meet the cell of default capabilities value, be adjusted with the antenna performance that the cell of default capabilities value is not met to the antenna performance.The problem of using technical solution provided by the invention, being analyzed without antenna removal is sent in laboratory, can more accurately determining antenna performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of communication, in particular to a cell antenna performance analysis method and device based on an antenna lobe pattern.
Background
In a wireless communication system, the performance of an antenna has a direct influence on the performance of a wireless network, and therefore, detecting the wireless performance plays an important role in ensuring the service quality of the wireless communication system.
When the antenna in operation in the mobile communication base station has performance problems and needs to verify various electrical indexes of the antenna, the current methods mainly include two types:
the first method is a laboratory test method, in which the antenna is removed and sent to a professional testing unit for testing, such as a teel laboratory and a kell laboratory. The 3 aspects of the structural performance, the electrical performance and the environmental adaptation performance of the antenna are mainly detected in a laboratory, wherein the most closely related to the performance of the wireless network is the electrical performance of the antenna, and most of the electrical performance of the antenna is obtained by generating an antenna lobe pattern (directional diagram), such as front-to-back ratio, half-power angle, upper side lobe suppression, cross polarization ratio, lower zero point filling, electrical downtilt, directivity coefficient, lobe pattern roundness and the like. In the prior art, the detection method of the antenna lobe pattern is performed in a microwave anechoic chamber by using a professional detection instrument, and the test diagram is shown in fig. 1. The detection instrument is positioned in a microwave darkroom 10, the antenna 12 to be detected is arranged on a rotary table 11, the distance between the antenna 12 to be detected and a source antenna 13 is a preset distance value Length, and the antenna 12 to be detected rotates around a shaft within the range of 360 degrees; a signal source (not shown) generates a certain set test frequency and radiates the test frequency to the antenna 12 to be tested through a source antenna 13; the measurement results are plotted on a rectangular or polar plot by correlating the recorded rotation angles with the corresponding received signal levels, thereby obtaining the relevant electrical performance indicators on the antenna lobe plot. However, in the laboratory, the antenna must be detached from the current network for inspection, which not only interrupts the service, but also has a long inspection period, so that this solution is not suitable for mass development, and even can not be used as a conventional means for general inspection of the antenna performance of the whole network.
The second method is an on-line detection mode, that is, the performance of the antenna is detected by generating a lobe pattern through the existing sweep frequency data and the drive test data of the cell in the area to be detected of the antenna without disassembling the antenna for inspection. However, the existing frequency sweep data and drive test data of a cell are usually limited on a road, influence factors of blocking or reflection in a wireless environment and differences of cell and antenna parameters are not considered, and reasons that sampling point screening is too simple and the like are also considered, so that an antenna lobe graph is generated according to the data, the antenna performance is detected, and the antenna performance cannot be accurately determined.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a cell antenna performance analysis method based on an antenna lobe pattern, which firstly determines a cell to be detected of antenna performance according to sweep frequency data, drive test data and parameter information of the cell in a region to be detected, and analyzes the antenna performance of the cell to be detected by acquiring relevant data of the cell to be detected to generate the antenna lobe pattern, so that the antenna does not need to be disassembled and sent to a laboratory for analysis, and the antenna lobe pattern is generated according to data acquired by an acquisition scheme matched with the cell, so that the antenna performance can be more accurately determined.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a cell antenna performance analysis method and device based on an antenna lobe pattern, wherein the method comprises: determining a cell to be detected according to the relevant data and parameter information of all cells in the area to be analyzed; acquiring data acquired for each cell to be detected according to a data acquisition scheme matched with each cell to be detected; generating an actual antenna lobe pattern for each cell to be detected according to the acquired data; and determining the cells with the antenna performance not meeting the preset performance value according to the actual antenna lobe graph of each cell to be detected, so as to adjust the antenna performance of the cells with the antenna performance not meeting the preset performance value.
Preferably, the relevant data of the cell includes frequency sweep data and drive test data of the cell, and the determining the cell to be detected according to the relevant data and parameter information of all cells in the area to be analyzed specifically includes: acquiring sampling point data of each cell from sweep frequency data and drive test data of all cells in an area to be analyzed; acquiring the working parameters of each cell from the parameter information of all cells in an area to be analyzed, wherein the acquisition time of the working parameters of each cell is matched with the acquisition time of the sweep frequency data and the drive test data of each cell; and determining the cell to be detected according to the sampling point data of each cell and the working parameters of each cell.
Preferably, the method for determining whether the cell is the cell to be detected according to the sampling point data of the cell and the working parameters of the cell includes: screening the sampling point data of the cell according to the working parameters of the cell to obtain the sampling point data in the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe of the cell; normalizing the received signal strength of the screened sampling point data of the cell; and determining whether the cell is to-be-detected according to the normalized received signal strength of each sampling point data of the cell and the horizontal antenna gain corresponding to each sampling point, wherein the horizontal antenna gain is determined according to a preset performance value of an antenna of the cell to which the sampling point data belongs.
Preferably, the sampling point data includes longitude and latitude of the sampling point, and the working parameters of the cell include: the determining whether the cell is a cell to be detected further includes: determining the azimuth angle of each sampling point data of the cell relative to the cell according to the longitude and latitude of the cell and the longitude and latitude of each sampling point
Wherein j is any sampling point of the cell, E (j) is the longitude of the j sampling point, N (j) is the latitude of the j sampling point, E is the longitude of the cell, and N is the latitude of the cell; according to the azimuth angle of each sampling point data relative to the cell, filtering the normalized received signal strength of the sampling point data in the same azimuth angle direction to determine a first actual received signal strength in the azimuth angle direction; the determining whether the cell is a cell to be detected specifically includes: and determining whether the cell is a cell to be detected according to the first actual received signal strength of the cell in each azimuth direction and the antenna gain of the cell in the horizontal direction in the azimuth direction.
Preferably, before determining whether the cell is a cell to be detected, the method further includes: determining a first actual received signal strength difference value of the cell and each co-sited cell of the cell in each azimuth direction according to a first actual received signal strength of the cell in each azimuth direction and a first actual received signal strength of each co-sited cell of the cell in the azimuth direction, wherein the co-sited cell of the cell is a cell of a base station which belongs to the same base station as the cell; determining a horizontal antenna gain difference value of each co-located cell of the cell and the cell in each azimuth direction according to the horizontal antenna gain of the cell in each azimuth direction and the horizontal antenna gain of each co-located cell of the cell in the azimuth direction; the determining whether the cell is a cell to be detected specifically includes: and determining whether the cell is a cell to be detected according to the difference value of the first actual received signal strength of the cell and each co-located cell of the cell in each azimuth direction and the difference value of the antenna gain in the horizontal direction.
Preferably, the sampling point data includes longitude and latitude of the sampling point, and the working parameters of the cell include: the method comprises the following steps of screening sampling point data of a cell, wherein the longitude and latitude of the cell, the vertical half-power angle of an antenna of the cell, the hanging height of the antenna of the cell and the downward inclination angle of the antenna of the cell specifically comprise the following steps: determining the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe of the cell according to the antenna downward inclination angle, the vertical half-power angle and the antenna hanging height of the cell; determining the distance between each sampling point and the cell according to the longitude and latitude of the cell and the longitude and latitude of each sampling point; and determining the sampling points within the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe of the cell according to the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe of the cell and the distance between each sampling point and the cell.
Preferably, the determining of the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe of the cell specifically includes: determining the lower limit of the coverage distance of the main lobe of the antenna according to the antenna downward inclination angle, the vertical half-power angle, the antenna hanging height and the positioning precision information of the cell:
where θ represents the antenna downtilt angle of the cell, α represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the cell, H represents the antenna hangup of the cell, L represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the cellminRepresenting a minimum coverage distance of the antenna determined according to the positioning accuracy information; determining an upper limit of an antenna main lobe coverage distance according to the antenna downward inclination angle, the vertical half-power angle, the antenna hanging height, the signal path loss and the overlapping coverage information among the antennas of the cell:wherein L ismaxWhich represents the maximum coverage distance of the antenna determined according to the path loss of the signal and the overlapping coverage information between the antennas.
Preferably, the parameters of the cell include: the main frequency transmitting power and the combining loss, the sampling point data comprises the longitude and latitude of the sampling point, and the working parameters of the cell comprise: the normalization processing is performed on the received signal of the sampled sampling point data of the cell, and specifically comprises the following steps: determining a received signal strength normalization value Rxlev (j') of each sampled point data of the cell after screening according to the antenna parameters of the cell and the antenna parameters of the co-sited cell of the cell:
wherein j 'is any one of the filtered sampling points of the cell, E is the longitude of the cell, N is the latitude of the cell, E (j') is the longitude of the jth sampling point, N (j ') is the latitude of the jth sampling point, rxlev (j') is the received signal value of the jth sampling point data, i is any cell under the base station to which the cell belongs, θ (i) represents the antenna downward inclination angle of the ith cell, α (i) represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the ith cell, H (i) represents the antenna hanging height of the ith cell, θ (1) represents the antenna downward inclination angle of the 1 st cell, α (1) represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the 1 st cell, H (1) represents the antenna hanging height of the 1 st cell, and L (1) represents the antenna hanging height of the 1 st cellminAnd the minimum coverage distance of the antenna determined according to the positioning precision information is represented, BP is a preset value of the main frequency transmitting power of the antenna, CL is a preset value of the combining loss of the antenna, BchPwr is the main frequency transmitting power of the antenna of the cell, and ComLoss is the combining loss of the antenna of the cell.
Preferably, the sampling point data includes a signal-to-noise ratio at the sampling point, and the filtering processing mode includes: a weighted average filtering method and an enhanced weighted average filtering method, wherein when the filtering method is the weighted average filtering method, the first actual received signal strength in an azimuth angle phi direction is:
wherein,j '' represents any one of the filtered sampling points of the cell in the direction of the azimuth phi, Rxlev (j '') represents the received signal strength of the j '' sampling point, SNR (j '') represents the signal-to-noise ratio of the j '' sampling point, SNRmaxRepresents the maximum value of the signal-to-noise ratio of all the sampled points of the cell in the direction of the azimuth angle phi after screening, Rxlev (SNR)max) The signal receiving strength and SNR of the sampling point with the maximum signal-to-noise ratio in the screened sampling points in the azimuth phi direction of the cell are representedminThe minimum value of the signal-to-noise ratios of all the sampling points of the cell after being screened in the direction of the azimuth angle phi is represented, and P represents that the signal-to-noise ratio of the sampling points of the cell after being screened in the direction of the azimuth angle phi is larger than the SNRminX% represents a preset highest signal-to-noise ratio weight value; when the filtering mode is the enhanced weighted average filtering mode, the first actual received signal strength in the direction of the azimuth angle phi is:
wherein, RxlevmaxRepresenting the maximum value of the received signal strength of all the sampled points of the cell in the azimuth phi direction after screening, RxlevminThe minimum value of the received signal strength of all the sampling points of the cell after being screened in the direction of the azimuth phi is represented, Q represents that the received signal strength of the cell in the sampling points after being screened in the direction of the azimuth phi is larger than RxlevminY% represents a preset maximum received signal strength weight value, a represents a preset signal-to-noise ratio weight value, B represents a preset received signal strength weight value, and a + B is 1.
Preferably, the determining, according to the difference between the first actual received signal strength in each azimuth direction and the difference between the antenna gain in the horizontal direction of each co-located cell of the cell and the cell, whether the cell is a cell to be detected or not is specifically: dividing a main lobe coverage distance range of the cell antenna into a plurality of regions with angle ranges as first angles according to a preset first angle; determining a deviation between a first actual received signal strength difference value and a horizontal direction antenna gain difference value of the cell in each azimuth direction of each region and each co-sited cell of the cell according to a difference value between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the horizontal direction antenna gain difference value of the cell in each azimuth direction of each region and each co-sited cell of the cell; determining an average value of deviations of first actual received signal strength difference values and horizontal direction antenna gain difference values of the cell of each region and each co-located cell of the cell according to deviations of the first actual received signal strength difference values and the horizontal direction antenna gain difference values of the cell of each azimuth direction and each co-located cell of the cell in each region, wherein the average value of the deviations of the first actual received signal strength difference values and the horizontal direction antenna gain difference values of the cell of each region and each co-located cell of the cell is an average value of the deviations of the first actual received signal strength difference values and the horizontal direction antenna gain difference values of the cell of all azimuth directions and each co-located cell of the cell in the region; judging whether the average value of the deviation between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the antenna gain difference value in the horizontal direction of the cell in any one region and each co-located cell of the cells exceeds a first preset signal strength value or not; judging whether the average value of the deviation between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the antenna gain difference value in the horizontal direction of the cell in any region and any co-located cell of the cell exceeds a second preset signal strength value or not; and when the average value of the deviation between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the horizontal direction antenna gain difference value of the cell and each co-located cell of the cell in a region exceeds a first preset signal strength value, or the average value of the deviation between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the horizontal direction antenna gain difference value of any co-located cell of the cell and the cell in a region exceeds a second preset signal strength value, determining the cell to be detected.
Preferably, before determining the cell whose antenna performance does not meet the preset performance value according to the actual antenna lobe pattern of each cell to be detected, the method further includes: acquiring wireless environment information of each cell to be detected, wherein the wireless environment information of the cell is information of obstacles related to wireless signal propagation in the cell; and determining the cells with the antenna performance not meeting the preset performance value according to the actual antenna lobe graph of each cell to be detected, specifically: and determining the cells with the antenna performance not conforming to the preset performance value according to the actual antenna lobe pattern and the wireless environment information of each cell to be detected.
Preferably, the determining, according to the actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected, whether the cell to be detected is a cell whose antenna performance does not meet a preset performance value includes: acquiring the actual performance of the antenna of the cell to be detected according to the actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected, wherein the actual performance of the antenna comprises the following steps: actual average received signal strength of a cell to which the antenna belongs, actual direction angle of the antenna, actual antenna front-to-back ratio of the antenna, actual horizontal directivity coefficient of the antenna, and actual maximum received signal strength of the antenna; obtaining the preset performance of the antenna, wherein the preset performance of the antenna comprises the following steps: the average gain in the preset horizontal direction of the cell to which the antenna belongs, the preset direction angle of the antenna, the preset antenna front-to-back ratio of the antenna, the preset horizontal directivity coefficient of the antenna and the preset maximum received signal strength of the antenna; and determining whether the cell to be detected is a cell of which the antenna performance does not accord with a preset performance value according to the actual performance and the preset performance of the antenna.
Preferably, the method for obtaining the actual average received signal strength of the cell to which the antenna belongs is as follows: dividing an actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected into a plurality of regions with the angle ranges as second angles according to a preset second angle; determining an actual average received signal strength for each region; the method for obtaining the average gain of the cell to which the antenna belongs in the preset horizontal direction comprises the following steps: acquiring an ideal antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected according to the parameters of the antenna; dividing an ideal antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected into a plurality of regions with the angle range as a second angle according to a preset second angle; determining the average gain of each area in the preset horizontal direction; the method for judging whether the antenna performance of the cell to be detected does not accord with a preset performance value according to the actual average received signal strength and the preset horizontal direction average gain of the cell to which the antenna belongs specifically comprises the following steps: acquiring the difference value of the actual average received signal strength of every two adjacent areas and the difference value of the average gain in the preset horizontal direction; acquiring the average value of the difference values of the actual average received signal strengths of all adjacent areas and the average value of the difference values of the average gains in the preset horizontal direction; determining the deviation of the difference value of the actual average received signal strength of every two adjacent areas and the average gain difference value in the preset horizontal direction; judging whether the difference value of the actual average received signal strength of any two adjacent areas and the difference value of the average gain in the preset horizontal direction exceed a third preset value or not; judging whether the deviation of the average value of the difference values of the actual average received signal strength and the average value of the difference values of the average gains in the preset horizontal direction exceeds a fourth preset value or not; and when the deviation between the difference value of the actual average received signal strength of two adjacent areas and the difference value of the average gain in the preset horizontal direction exceeds a third preset value, or the deviation between the average value of the difference value of the actual average received signal strength and the average value of the difference value of the average gain in the preset horizontal direction exceeds a fourth preset value, judging that the internal structure of the antenna of the cell has a fault.
Preferably, the method for acquiring the actual direction angle of the antenna comprises: dividing the actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected into a plurality of areas with the angle range of the preset third angle according to the preset third angle and the preset fourth angle, wherein the difference value of the initial angle of each area is the preset fourth angle; determining the actual average received signal strength of each region according to the actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected; acquiring the maximum actual average received signal strength in the actual average received signal strengths of all the areas; and determining the azimuth angle corresponding to the direction of the central angle of the area corresponding to the maximum actual average received signal strength as the actual direction angle of the antenna.
The invention also provides a cell antenna performance analysis device based on the antenna lobe pattern, which comprises the following components: the first determining module is used for determining the cell to be detected according to the relevant data and parameter information of all cells in the area to be analyzed; the first acquisition module is used for acquiring the data acquired by each cell to be detected according to the data acquisition scheme matched with each cell to be detected; a first generation module, configured to generate an actual antenna lobe pattern for each cell to be detected according to the acquired data; and the second determining module is used for determining the cells of which the antenna performance does not accord with the preset performance value according to the actual antenna lobe pattern of each cell to be detected so as to adjust the antenna performance of the cells of which the antenna performance does not accord with the preset performance value.
Preferably, the relevant data of the cell includes frequency sweep data and drive test data of the cell, and the first determining module includes: the first acquisition submodule is used for acquiring sampling point data of each cell from the sweep frequency data and the drive test data of all cells in the area to be analyzed; the second acquisition submodule is used for acquiring the working parameters of each cell from the parameter information of all cells in the area to be analyzed, and the acquisition time of the working parameters of each cell is matched with the acquisition time of the sweep frequency data and the drive test data of each cell; and the first determining submodule is used for determining the cell to be detected according to the sampling point data of each cell and the working parameters of each cell.
Preferably, the sample data includes received signal strength of a sample, and the first determining sub-module includes: the screening unit is used for screening the sampling point data of the cell according to the working parameters of the cell so as to obtain the sampling point data in the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe of the cell; the first processing unit is used for carrying out normalization processing on the received signal intensity of the screened sampling point data of the cell; and the first determining unit is used for determining whether the cell is the cell to be detected according to the normalized received signal strength of each sampling point data of the cell and the horizontal antenna gain corresponding to each sampling point.
Preferably, the sampling point data includes longitude and latitude of the sampling point, and the working parameters of the cell include: the longitude and latitude of the cell, the first determining submodule further includes: a second determining unit, configured to determine an azimuth angle phi (j) of each sampling point data of the cell relative to the cell according to the longitude and latitude of the cell and the longitude and latitude of each sampling point,
wherein j is any sampling point in the cell, E (j) is the longitude of the j-th sampling point, N (j) is the latitude of the j-th sampling point, E is the longitude of the cell, and N is the latitude of the cell; the second processing unit is used for carrying out filtering processing on the normalized received signal strength of the sampling point data in the same azimuth direction according to the azimuth angle of each sampling point data relative to the cell so as to determine the first actual received signal strength in the azimuth direction; the first determining unit is further configured to determine whether the cell is a cell to be detected according to a first actual received signal strength of the cell in each azimuth direction and a horizontal antenna gain of the cell in the azimuth direction.
Preferably, the first determining sub-module further includes: a third determining unit, configured to determine, according to a first actual received signal strength of the cell in each azimuth direction and a first actual received signal strength of each co-located cell of the cell in the azimuth direction, a first actual received signal strength difference value of each azimuth direction between the cell and each co-located cell of the cell; a fourth determining unit, configured to determine, according to a horizontal antenna gain of the cell in each azimuth direction and a horizontal antenna gain of each co-located cell of the cell in the azimuth direction, a horizontal antenna gain difference of the cell and each co-located cell of the cell in each azimuth direction; the first determining unit is further configured to determine whether the cell is a cell to be detected according to a difference between the first actual received signal strength in each azimuth direction and a difference between the antenna gain in the horizontal direction of each co-located cell of the cells.
Preferably, the sampling point data includes longitude and latitude of the sampling point, and the working parameters of the cell include: the longitude and latitude of district, the perpendicular half-power angle of antenna of district, the antenna of district hangs high and the antenna downward inclination of district, the screening unit includes: the first determining subunit is used for determining the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe of the cell according to the antenna downward inclination angle, the vertical half-power angle and the antenna hanging height of the cell; the second determining subunit is used for determining the distance between each sampling point and the cell according to the longitude and latitude of the cell and the longitude and latitude of the data of each sampling point; and the third determining subunit is configured to determine, according to the antenna main lobe coverage distance range of the cell and the distance between each sampling point and the cell, a sampling point within the antenna main lobe coverage distance range of the cell.
Preferably, the first determining subunit includes: an eleventh determining subunit, configured to determine, according to the antenna downtilt angle, the vertical half-power angle, the antenna hanging height, and the positioning accuracy information of the cell, a lower limit of a coverage distance of an antenna main lobe:
where θ represents the antenna downtilt angle of the cell, α represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the cell, H represents the antenna hangup of the cell, L represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the cellminRepresenting a minimum coverage distance of the antenna determined according to the positioning accuracy information; a twelfth determining subunit, configured to determine, according to the antenna downtilt angle, the vertical half-power angle, the antenna overhead, the path loss of the signal, and the overlapping coverage information between the antennas of the cell, an upper limit of the antenna main lobe coverage distance:
wherein L ismaxWhich represents the maximum coverage distance of the antenna determined according to the path loss of the signal and the overlapping coverage information between the antennas.
Preferably, the parameters of the cell include: the main frequency transmitting power and the combining loss, the sampling point data comprises the longitude and latitude of the sampling point, and the working parameters of the cell comprise: the longitude and latitude of district, the antenna vertical half power angle of district, the antenna of district hangs high and the antenna downtilt angle of district, first processing unit includes: a fourth determining subunit, configured to determine, according to the antenna parameter of the cell and the antenna parameter of the cell in the same station as the cell, a normalized value Rxlev (j') of the received signal of each sampled point data of the screened cell:
wherein j 'is any one of the filtered sampling points of the cell, E is the longitude of the cell, N is the latitude of the cell, E (j') is the longitude of the jth sampling point, N (j ') is the latitude of the jth sampling point, rxlev (j') is the received signal value of the jth sampling point data, i is any cell under the base station to which the cell belongs, θ (i) represents the antenna downward inclination angle of the ith cell, α (i) represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the ith cell, H (i) represents the antenna hanging height of the ith cell, θ (1) represents the antenna downward inclination angle of the 1 st cell, α (1) represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the 1 st cell, H (1) represents the antenna hanging height of the 1 st cell, and L (1) represents the antenna hanging height of the 1 st cellminAnd the minimum coverage distance of the antenna determined according to the positioning precision information is represented, BP is a preset value of the main frequency transmitting power of the antenna, CL is a preset value of the combining loss of the antenna, BchPwr is the main frequency transmitting power of the antenna of the cell, and ComLoss is the combining loss of the antenna of the cell.
Preferably, the first determination unit includes: the first dividing unit is used for dividing a main lobe coverage distance range of the cell antenna into a plurality of regions with angle ranges as first angles according to a preset first angle; a sixth determining subunit, configured to determine, according to a difference between a first actual received signal strength of each azimuth direction cell in each region and a first actual received signal strength of each co-located cell of the cell, and a difference between a horizontal antenna gain, a deviation between a first actual received signal strength difference of each azimuth direction cell of the each region and a first actual received signal strength difference of each co-located cell of the cell, and a horizontal antenna gain difference; a seventh determining subunit, configured to determine, according to a deviation between a first actual received signal strength difference value and a horizontal antenna gain difference value of each co-located cell of the cell and the cell in each azimuth direction in each region, an average value of deviations between a first actual received signal strength difference value and a horizontal antenna gain difference value of any one of the co-located cells of the cell and the cell in each region, where the average value of deviations between a first actual received signal strength difference value and a horizontal antenna gain difference value of each co-located cell of the cell and the cell in each region is an average value of deviations between a first actual received signal strength difference value and a horizontal antenna gain difference value of each co-located cell of the cell and the cell in all azimuth directions in the region; a first determining subunit, configured to determine whether an average value of deviations between a first actual received signal strength difference and a horizontal antenna gain difference of each of the cells and each of co-located cells in the cell in any one of the regions exceeds a first preset signal strength value; a second judging subunit, configured to judge whether an average value of deviations between a first actual received signal strength difference and a horizontal antenna gain difference of the cell in any one of the regions and the cell in the same station as the cell exceeds a second preset signal strength value; an eighth determining subunit, configured to determine that the cell is a cell to be detected when an average value of deviations of a first actual received signal strength difference and a horizontal antenna gain difference of each of the cells and the co-located cell in the area exceeds a first preset signal strength value, or when an average value of deviations of a first actual received signal strength difference and a horizontal antenna gain difference of any one of the cells and the co-located cell in the area exceeds a second preset signal strength value.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: a second obtaining module, configured to obtain wireless environment information of each cell to be detected, where the wireless environment information of the cell is information of an obstacle related to wireless signal propagation in the cell; the second determining module is further configured to determine, according to the actual antenna lobe pattern and the wireless environment information of each cell to be detected, a cell whose antenna performance does not meet a preset performance value.
Preferably, the second determining module includes: a third obtaining sub-module, configured to obtain, according to the actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected, actual performance of the antenna of the cell to be detected, where the actual performance of the antenna includes: actual average received signal strength of a cell to which the antenna belongs, actual direction angle of the antenna, actual antenna front-to-back ratio of the antenna, actual horizontal directivity coefficient of the antenna, and actual maximum received signal strength of the antenna; a fourth obtaining submodule, configured to obtain a preset performance of the antenna, where the preset performance of the antenna includes: the average gain in the preset horizontal direction of the cell to which the antenna belongs, the preset direction angle of the antenna, the preset antenna front-to-back ratio of the antenna, the preset horizontal directivity coefficient of the antenna and the preset maximum received signal strength of the antenna; and the second determining submodule is used for determining whether the cell to be detected is a cell of which the antenna performance does not accord with the preset performance value according to the actual performance and the preset performance of the antenna.
Preferably, the third obtaining sub-module includes: the first dividing unit is used for dividing the actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected into a plurality of areas with the angle ranges as second angles according to a preset second angle; a fifth determining unit for determining an actual average received signal strength of each region; the fourth obtaining sub-module includes: a first obtaining unit, configured to obtain an ideal antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected according to the parameter of the antenna; the second dividing unit is used for dividing the ideal antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected into a plurality of areas with the angle ranges as second angles according to a preset second angle; a sixth determining unit configured to determine a preset horizontal direction average gain for each region; the second determination submodule includes: the second acquisition unit is used for acquiring the difference value of the actual average received signal strength of every two adjacent areas and the difference value of the average gain in the preset horizontal direction; a third obtaining unit, configured to obtain an average value of difference values of actual average received signal strengths of all neighboring areas and an average value of difference values of preset horizontal direction average gains; a seventh determining unit, configured to determine a deviation between a difference between actual average received signal strengths of every two adjacent areas and a preset horizontal direction average gain difference; an eighth determining unit, configured to determine whether a difference between actual average received signal strengths of the any two neighboring areas and a preset horizontal average gain difference exceeds a third preset value; a first judging unit, configured to judge whether a deviation between an average value of the difference values of the actual average received signal strengths and an average value of difference values of a preset horizontal-direction average gain exceeds a fourth preset value; and the first judging unit is used for judging that the internal structure of the antenna of the cell is in fault when the deviation of the difference value of the actual average received signal strength of two adjacent areas and the difference value of the average gain in the preset horizontal direction exceeds a third preset value or the deviation of the average value of the difference value of the actual average received signal strength and the average value of the difference value of the average gain in the preset horizontal direction exceeds a fourth preset value.
Preferably, the third obtaining sub-module includes: a third dividing unit, configured to divide an actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected into a plurality of regions with a preset third angle range according to a preset third angle, where a difference value of an initial angle of each region is a preset fourth angle; a ninth determining unit for determining an actual average received signal strength of each area; a fourth acquiring unit configured to acquire a maximum actual average received signal strength among the actual average received signal strengths of all the regions; a tenth determining unit, configured to determine that an azimuth angle corresponding to the direction of the center angle of the area corresponding to the maximum actual average received signal strength is the actual direction angle of the antenna.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the technical scheme provided by the invention determines the cell to be detected with the antenna performance according to the sweep frequency data, the drive test data and the parameter information of the cell in the region to be detected, and analyzes the antenna performance of the cell to be detected by acquiring the relevant data of the cell to be detected to generate an antenna lobe pattern, so that the antenna does not need to be disassembled and sent to a laboratory for analysis;
the technical scheme provided by the invention firstly determines the cell to be detected according to the existing data of the cell in the area to be detected, so that all cells in the area to be detected do not need to be detected, and the antenna lobe pattern is generated according to the data acquired by the acquisition scheme matched with the cell, so that the problem of antenna performance can be more accurately determined.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a laboratory detection antenna lobe pattern.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of antenna lobe pattern versus antenna performance.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a cell antenna performance analysis method based on an antenna lobe pattern according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of GPS positioning error analysis.
Figure 5 is an ideal antenna lobe pattern for each cell under a base station.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of interference analysis of a reflector in a cell on an actual antenna lobe pattern.
Figure 7 is a diagram of an actual antenna lobe for a cell.
Fig. 8 is a diagram of an actual antenna front-to-back ratio analysis for a cell.
Fig. 9 shows some default performance values for the ALLGON7217.01 antenna.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a cell antenna performance analysis apparatus based on an antenna lobe pattern according to the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a flowchart of a cell antenna performance analysis method based on an antenna lobe pattern according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical examination, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following detailed description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a cell antenna performance analysis method and a device based on an antenna lobe diagram, aiming at the problem that when the antenna performance is detected in the prior art, the antenna needs to be disassembled by adopting a laboratory detection mode, and the antenna performance cannot be accurately determined by adopting an online detection mode.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a cell antenna performance analysis method based on an antenna lobe pattern according to embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown, the method comprises:
step S300, determining the cell to be detected according to the relevant data and parameter information of all cells in the area to be analyzed;
step S302, acquiring data acquired for each cell to be detected according to a data acquisition scheme matched with each cell to be detected;
step S304, generating an actual antenna lobe pattern for each cell to be detected according to the acquired data;
step S306, according to the actual antenna lobe pattern of each cell to be detected, determining the cell with the antenna performance not meeting the preset performance value, so as to adjust the antenna performance of the cell with the antenna performance not meeting the preset performance value.
In the above technical solution, when analyzing the antenna performance of a cell in a certain area, since there are a plurality of cells in the area, the antenna performance of all the cells is not problematic, and therefore, it is necessary to determine the cell to be detected according to the existing related data and the parameter information of the cell. After the cells to be detected are determined, the data acquired for each cell to be detected are acquired according to the data acquisition scheme matched with each cell to be detected, the data acquisition scheme is matched with the cells, namely when the data acquisition scheme is determined, information such as the wireless environment of the cell to be detected is fully considered, an actual antenna lobe graph is generated for each cell to be detected according to the acquired data, and after the cells of which the antenna performance does not accord with the preset performance value are determined according to the actual antenna lobe graph of each cell to be detected, a user can adjust the antenna performance of the cells of which the antenna performance does not accord with the preset performance value. The acquired data is acquired according to the information such as the environment of the cell to be detected, so that the antenna performance of the cell to be detected can be accurately reflected according to the actual antenna lobe pattern generated by the data, and the problem of the antenna performance of the cell to be detected can be more accurately determined.
The data acquisition scheme matched with the cell mainly comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of selecting data acquisition equipment, selecting a moving mode of a data acquisition route, selecting a data azimuth angle acquisition mode and selecting the data acquisition route.
When selecting the data acquisition equipment, a sweep generator, a test handset, or a drive test equipment suite may be selected. When a sweep generator is selected, sweep frequency data needs to be derived and converted into a readable format; when the test mobile phone is selected to be used independently, log files need to be recorded and test data can be exported; the drive test equipment suite is usually a portable computer, test software, a GPS module and a test mobile phone. The proposal can be suitable for various data acquisition equipment, and a mode of independently using the test mobile phone is preferred when data acquisition is carried out in order to ensure that the test result is smooth and visual and the test operation is convenient.
The data collection path may be moved in a driving, walking, model airplane, and combinations thereof. For a suburb or rural scene, a driving mode can be selected for testing, but in order to obtain enough sampling points, the speed of the vehicle needs to be reduced as much as possible; for a scene without a proper automobile road, a walking mode needs to be selected for testing; for urban scenes, more building barriers generally exist, the walking test range can be expanded by using a mode of carrying a test mobile phone by a model airplane, and the specific scheme needs to be determined according to the actual situation of the site and can comprehensively use the moving modes of various data acquisition routes.
The data azimuth angle acquisition modes mainly include two types: a GPS positioning mode and a compass measuring mode. For a GPS positioning mode, an error generated by GPS positioning accuracy in azimuth calculation needs to be analyzed, a positioning accuracy of a common GPS chip in the market at present is generally 5-10 meters, and in order to ensure measurement accuracy of an azimuth and reduce path calculation as much as possible, theoretical derivation is performed on the premise that GPS positioning can generate an error of 13 meters and an allowable error of azimuth measurement is within 5 °. As shown in FIG. 4, R is 13m, θ is 2.5, and the minimum test distance L is determined. According to the trigonometric function formula, the following can be obtained:i.e. a minimum test distance of 150 m. The compass measurement mode is that compass is used for measurement, and compass is compass, and the compass is used for directly measuring the azimuth angle of the sampling point relative to the cell to be detected. The method has the advantages of high measurement precision, no requirement of minimum test distance and more flexibility in selecting the test route. Disadvantages of this methodThe azimuth angle information needs to be measured and recorded for many times, and the working efficiency is low.
When selecting a data acquisition route, the actual environment of each cell to be detected needs to be determined.
The signals transmitted by the base station antenna include a main frequency signal and a service carrier frequency signal, and because the service carrier frequency signal is affected by factors such as a switching algorithm parameter, Discontinuous Transmission (DTX), Discontinuous Reception (DRX), some network functions and the like, the Transmission power of the service cultivation signal changes dynamically, and therefore, the data of the service cultivation signal does not need to be analyzed.
Preferably, the relevant data of the cell includes frequency sweep data and drive test data of the cell, and the determining the cell to be detected according to the relevant data and parameter information of all cells in the area to be analyzed may specifically be: acquiring sampling point data of each cell from sweep frequency data and drive test data of all cells in an area to be analyzed; acquiring the working parameters of each cell from the parameter information of all cells in an area to be analyzed, wherein the acquisition time of the working parameters of each cell is matched with the acquisition time of the sweep frequency data and the drive test data of each cell; and determining the cell to be detected according to the sampling point data of each cell and the working parameters of each cell.
In the above technical solution, the information related to the main frequency of a cell is obtained from the sweep frequency data and the drive test data of all cells in the area to be analyzed as sampling point data, which mainly includes the main frequency and BSIC of the cell to which the sampling point belongs, the received signal strength of the sampling point, and the longitude and latitude of the sampling point, and obtains parameter information of the cell, and the cell to be detected is determined according to the sampling point data of each cell and the working parameters of each cell, wherein the working parameters of the cell may include: cell dominant frequency transmitting power, combination loss, longitude and latitude and antenna parameters, the antenna parameters include: the antenna horizontal half-power angle, the antenna vertical half-power angle, the antenna hanging height, the antenna direction angle and the antenna downward inclination angle. Since one cell is uniquely determined in the drive test data and the sweep data by a BCCH (broadcast control Channel) frequency point and a BSIC (Base Station Identity Code) of the cell, it should be ensured that no cell having the same BCCH and the same BSIC exists in the area to be analyzed.
Preferably, the sampling point data includes received signal strength of the sampling point, and the method for determining whether the cell is the cell to be detected according to the sampling point data of the cell and the parameters of the cell may be: screening the sampling point data of the cell according to the working parameters of the cell to obtain the sampling point data in the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe of the cell; normalizing the received signal strength of the screened sampling point data of the cell; and determining whether the cell is a cell to be detected according to the normalized received signal intensity of each sampling point data of the cell and the horizontal antenna gain corresponding to each sampling point.
In the above technical solution, because the data of the sampling points in the range of the antenna main lobe coverage distance in the cell can more accurately reflect the performance information of the antenna, in order to ensure the accuracy of the antenna performance analysis, the sampling point data is screened to obtain the data located in the range of the antenna main lobe coverage distance of the cell, because the horizontal antenna gain corresponding to each sampling point is determined according to the preset performance value of the antenna of the cell, and the horizontal antenna gain in each direction at a certain distance from the antenna can be directly determined according to the preset performance value of the antenna of the cell, the received signal strength of the screened sampling point data needs to be normalized to eliminate the influence of factors such as distance on the received signal strength of each sampling point, and according to the normalized received signal strength of each sampling point data of the cell and the horizontal antenna gain corresponding to each sampling point, and determining whether the cell is a cell to be detected.
When the number of the sampling point data is large, a plurality of sampling points are often in the same direction, and when the number of the sampling points in the same direction is large, the received signal strength of each sampling point in the direction needs to be compared with the horizontal antenna gain corresponding to each sampling point, so that the operation steps are increased, and the performance is influenced.
In order to solve the above problem, preferably, the sampling point data includes longitude and latitude of the sampling point, and the parameters of the cell include: the determining whether the cell is a cell to be detected may further include: determining the azimuth angle phi (j) of each sampling point data of the cell relative to the cell according to the longitude and latitude of the cell and the longitude and latitude of each sampling point,wherein j is any sampling point of the cell, E (j) is the longitude of the j sampling point, N (j) is the latitude of the j sampling point, E is the longitude of the cell, and N is the latitude of the cell; according to the azimuth angle of each sampling point data relative to the cell, filtering the normalized received signal strength of the sampling point data in the same azimuth angle direction to determine a first actual received signal strength in the azimuth angle direction; the determining whether the cell is a cell to be detected may specifically be: and determining whether the cell is a cell to be detected according to the first actual received signal strength of the cell in each azimuth direction and the antenna gain of the cell in the horizontal direction in the azimuth direction.
In the above technical solution, an azimuth angle of each sampling point in a cell with respect to the cell is determined, and filtering processing is performed on the normalized received signal strength of the sampling point data in the same azimuth angle direction to determine a first actual received signal strength in the direction. Therefore, whether the cell is to be detected or not can be determined according to the first actual received signal strength in each azimuth direction and the horizontal antenna gain in the direction, comparison between the received signal strength and the horizontal antenna gain does not need to be carried out in sequence for a plurality of sampling points in each direction, and performance is improved.
Due to the fact that wireless environments in the existing network are complex and changeable, most sampling points extracted from the drive test data or the sweep frequency data do not conform to linear propagation and are easily affected by factors such as reflection and blocking, the cells to be detected are determined according to the sampling point data extracted from the drive test data or the sweep frequency data, and the obtained results are inaccurate.
In order to solve the above problem, preferably, before determining whether the cell is a cell to be detected, the method may further include: determining a first actual received signal strength difference value of the cell and each co-sited cell of the cell in each azimuth direction according to a first actual received signal strength of the cell in each azimuth direction and a first actual received signal strength of each co-sited cell of the cell in the azimuth direction, wherein the co-sited cell of the cell is a cell of a base station which belongs to the same base station as the cell; determining a horizontal antenna gain difference value of each co-located cell of the cell and the cell in each azimuth direction according to the horizontal antenna gain of the cell in each azimuth direction and the horizontal antenna gain of each co-located cell of the cell in the azimuth direction; the determining whether the cell is a cell to be detected specifically includes: and determining whether the cell is a cell to be detected according to the difference value of the first actual received signal strength of the cell and each co-located cell of the cell in each azimuth direction and the difference value of the antenna gain in the horizontal direction.
In the above technical solution, since the antennas of different cells under the same station are mostly installed together, if there is an obstacle or a reflector in a certain direction, the influence degrees of the signals of the respective cells in the certain direction are substantially the same, that is, the signals of the respective cells are simultaneously attenuated or reflected in the certain direction, so that only the absolute signal strength of the respective cells is changed, and the relative signal strength of the respective cells is not changed, and therefore, it is determined whether the cell is the cell to be detected according to the difference between the first actual received signal strength in each azimuth direction and the difference between the horizontal antenna gain of the cell and each co-station cell of the cell. Therefore, the problem of inaccurate result caused by reflection and blockage of the signal is avoided.
Because the data of the sampling points located in the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe in the cell can more accurately reflect the performance information of the antenna, in order to ensure the accuracy of antenna performance analysis, the data of the sampling points needs to be screened, and the data of the sampling points located in the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe is obtained.
In order to solve the above problem, preferably, the sampling point data includes longitude and latitude of the sampling point, and the parameters of the cell include: the longitude and latitude of the cell, the vertical half-power angle of the antenna of the cell, the antenna hanging height of the cell and the antenna downward inclination angle of the cell, and the screening of the sampling point data of the cell may specifically be: determining the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe of the cell according to the antenna downward inclination angle, the vertical half-power angle and the antenna hanging height of the cell; determining the distance between each sampling point and the cell according to the longitude and latitude of the cell and the longitude and latitude of each sampling point; and determining the sampling points within the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe of the cell according to the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe of the cell and the distance between each sampling point and the cell.
In the technical scheme, the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe of the cell is determined according to the antenna downward inclination angle, the vertical half-power angle and the antenna hanging height of the cell, the distance between each sampling point and the cell is determined, and the sampling point in the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe of the cell is determined according to the distance between each sampling point and the cell.
Preferably, the determining of the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe of the cell may specifically be: determining the lower limit of the coverage distance of the main lobe of the antenna according to the antenna downward inclination angle, the vertical half-power angle, the antenna hanging height and the positioning precision information of the cell:where θ represents the antenna downtilt angle of the cell, α represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the cell, H represents the antenna hangup of the cell, L represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the cellminRepresenting a minimum coverage distance of the antenna determined according to the positioning accuracy information; determining an upper limit of an antenna main lobe coverage distance according to the antenna downward inclination angle, the vertical half-power angle, the antenna hanging height, the signal path loss and the overlapping coverage information among the antennas of the cell:wherein L ismaxWhich represents the maximum coverage distance of the antenna determined according to the path loss of the signal and the overlapping coverage information between the antennas.
In the above technical solution, the antenna main lobe coverage distance range includes an antenna main lobe coverage distance lower limit and an antenna main lobe coverage upper limit. The lower limit of the antenna coverage distance is determined according to the downward inclination angle, the vertical half-power angle and the antenna hanging height of the antenna, and meanwhile, the influence of positioning accuracy needs to be considered, the lower limit of the antenna coverage distance is not lower than the minimum coverage distance of the antenna determined according to the positioning accuracy information, and the minimum coverage distance of the antenna is usually 150 meters; the upper limit of the antenna coverage distance is determined according to a downward inclination angle, a vertical half-power angle and an antenna suspension height of an antenna, and meanwhile, the influence of signal path loss and overlapping coverage between the antennas needs to be considered, the signal path loss, that is, a wireless signal is lost in a propagation process, so that the upper limit of the antenna coverage distance is not infinite, in addition to the signal path loss, the influence of overlapping coverage between the antennas needs to be considered, that is, when the coverage ranges of the antennas of adjacent cells overlap, the influence is given to a propagation agent of the wireless signal, therefore, the overlapping coverage between the antennas needs to be avoided as much as possible, that is, the upper limit of the antenna coverage distance is not higher than the maximum coverage distance of the antenna determined according to the path loss of the signal and the overlapping coverage information between the antennas, and the maximum coverage distance of the antenna is usually 550 meters.
Preferably, the parameters of the cell include: the main frequency transmitting power and the combining loss, the sampling point data comprises the longitude and latitude of the sampling point, and the working parameters of the cell comprise: the normalization processing of the received signal of the sampled sampling point data of the cell may specifically be: determining a received signal normalization value Rxlev (j') of each sampled point data of the cell after screening according to the antenna parameters of the cell and the antenna parameters of the co-sited cell of the cell:
wherein j 'is any one of the filtered sampling points of the cell, E is the longitude of the cell, N is the latitude of the cell, E (j') is the longitude of the jth sampling point, N (j ') is the latitude of the jth sampling point, rxlev (j') is the received signal value of the jth sampling point data, i is any cell under the base station to which the cell belongs, θ (i) represents the antenna downward inclination angle of the ith cell, α (i) represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the ith cell, H (i) represents the antenna hanging height of the ith cell, θ (1) represents the antenna downward inclination angle of the 1 st cell, α (1) represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the 1 st cell, H (1) represents the antenna hanging height of the 1 st cell, and L (1) represents the antenna hanging height of the 1 st cellminAnd the minimum coverage distance of the antenna determined according to the positioning precision information is represented, BP is a preset value of the main frequency transmitting power of the antenna, CL is a preset value of the combining loss of the antenna, BchPwr is the main frequency transmitting power of the antenna of the cell, and ComLoss is the combining loss of the antenna of the cell.
In the above technical solution, since distances from each sampling point in a cell to the cell are different, and there are differences between the cell and each co-located cell of the cell in terms of main frequency transmission power of an antenna, combining loss, main lobe coverage distance range of the antenna, and the like, before determining a first actual received signal strength difference value and a horizontal antenna gain difference value of each cell of the cell and the cell, a received signal normalization process of each sampled data of the cell is required, where a normalization value is Rxlev (j'):
therefore, the influence of distance factors of sampling points and the difference of each cell under the same station are eliminated.
When the first actual received signal strength in each azimuth direction is determined, the received signal strengths of a plurality of sampling point data in each azimuth direction need to be filtered, the filtering modes are various, and different filtering modes have important influence on the accuracy of determining the cell to be detected.
Preferably, the sampling point data includes a signal-to-noise ratio at the sampling point, and the filtering processing manner may include: a weighted average filtering method and an enhanced weighted average filtering method, wherein when the filtering method is the weighted average filtering method, the first actual received signal strength in an azimuth angle phi direction is:
wherein j '' represents any one of the filtered sampling points of the cell in the direction of the azimuth phi, Rxlev (j '') represents the received signal strength of the j '' sampling point, SNR (j '') represents the signal-to-noise ratio of the j '' sampling point, SNRmaxRepresents the maximum value of the signal-to-noise ratio of all the sampled points of the cell in the direction of the azimuth angle phi after screening, Rxlev (SNR)max) The signal receiving strength and SNR of the sampling point with the maximum signal-to-noise ratio in the screened sampling points in the azimuth phi direction of the cell are representedminThe minimum value of the signal-to-noise ratios of all the sampling points of the cell after being screened in the direction of the azimuth angle phi is represented, and P represents that the signal-to-noise ratio of the sampling points of the cell after being screened in the direction of the azimuth angle phi is larger than the SNRminX% represents a preset highest signal-to-noise ratio weight value; when the filtering mode is the enhanced weighted average filtering mode, the filtering mode is in one directionThe first actual received signal strength in the direction of angle phi is:
wherein, RxlevmaxRepresenting the maximum value of the received signal strength of all the sampled points of the cell in the azimuth phi direction after screening, RxlevminThe minimum value of the received signal strength of all the sampling points of the cell after being screened in the direction of the azimuth phi is represented, Q represents that the received signal strength of the cell in the sampling points after being screened in the direction of the azimuth phi is larger than RxlevminY% represents a preset maximum received signal strength weight value, a represents a preset signal-to-noise ratio weight value, B represents a preset received signal strength weight value, and a + B is 1.
In the above technical solution, the filtering process may include: the weighted average filtering mode is a weighted average filtering mode and an enhanced weighted average filtering mode, wherein the weighted average filtering mode is to endow the received signal strength of the sampling points in the same direction with a weighted value, the weighted value is set according to the signal-to-noise ratio of each sampling point, the higher the signal-to-noise ratio at a certain sampling point is, the higher the weight of the received signal strength at the sampling point is, and the higher the accuracy of the weighted average filtering mode on processing the sweep frequency data is; and in addition to setting the weight according to the signal-to-noise ratio at each sampling point to the received signal strength at the sampling point, the enhanced weighted average filtering mode also sets the weight according to the magnitude of the received signal strength at each sampling point, and is suitable for processing the sweep frequency data and the drive test data. Of course, other filtering methods may be adopted to perform filtering processing on the received signal strength of a plurality of sampling point data in the same direction. For example,
an average filtering method may be used, where the first actual received signal strength in the azimuth direction is an average of the received signal strengths of all the sampling points in the azimuth direction, and the value is:wherein, L represents the number of the sampling points of the cell after screening in the direction of the azimuth phi.
A maximum filtering mode may be used, where the first actual received signal strength in an azimuth direction is the maximum of the received signal strengths of all the sampling points in the azimuth direction, and the value is: RXLEV (Φ) ═ max (RXLEV (1),.. RXLEV (j "),. RXLEV (L)), where RXLEV (L) represents the received signal strength of the L-th sampling point.
An average minimum signal-to-noise ratio filtering method may be used, where the first actual received signal strength in the azimuth direction is an average value of received signal strengths of sampling points, of which signal-to-noise ratios are greater than a preset target signal-to-noise ratio value, of all sampling points in the azimuth direction, and the value is:wherein, SNRtarget represents a preset target signal-to-noise ratio, M represents the number of the signal-to-noise ratios of the sampled sampling points of the cell in the direction of the azimuth angle phi, which is greater than or equal to SNRtarget, and SNR (j '') represents the signal-to-noise ratio of the j '' sampling point.
The highest and lowest snr filtering method may be used, where the first actual received signal strength in the azimuth direction is the highest value of the received signal strength of the sampling point, of all the sampling points in the azimuth direction, for which the snr is greater than the preset target snr value, and the value is: RXLEV (phi) max (RXLEV (1),.. RXLEV (j) "),. RXLEV (M)), and SNR (j '') > SNRtarget, wherein RXLEV (M) represents the received signal strength of the mth sampling point in the sampling points of which the signal-to-noise ratio is more than or equal to the preset target signal-to-noise ratio in the screened sampling points in the direction of the azimuth phi of the cell.
The highest snr filtering method may be used, where the first actual received signal strength in the azimuth direction is the received signal strength of the sampling point with the largest snr at all sampling points in the azimuth direction, and its value is: RXLEV (phi) RXLEV (j)max) Wherein j ismaxRepresents the aboveAnd the sampling point with the largest signal-to-noise ratio in the screened sampling points in the azimuth phi direction of the cell.
Preferably, the determining whether the cell is a cell to be detected according to the difference between the first actual received signal strength in each azimuth direction and the difference between the antenna gain in the horizontal direction of each co-located cell of the cell and the cell may specifically be: dividing a main lobe coverage distance range of the cell antenna into a plurality of regions with angle ranges as first angles according to a preset first angle; determining a deviation between a first actual received signal strength difference value and a horizontal direction antenna gain difference value of the cell in each azimuth direction of each region and each co-sited cell of the cell according to a difference value between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the horizontal direction antenna gain difference value of the cell in each azimuth direction of each region and each co-sited cell of the cell; determining an average value of deviations of first actual received signal strength difference values and horizontal direction antenna gain difference values of the cell of each region and each co-located cell of the cell according to deviations of the first actual received signal strength difference values and the horizontal direction antenna gain difference values of the cell of each azimuth direction and each co-located cell of the cell in each region, wherein the average value of the deviations of the first actual received signal strength difference values and the horizontal direction antenna gain difference values of the cell of each region and each co-located cell of the cell is an average value of the deviations of the first actual received signal strength difference values and the horizontal direction antenna gain difference values of the cell of all azimuth directions and each co-located cell of the cell in the region; judging whether the average value of the deviation between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the antenna gain difference value in the horizontal direction of the cell in any one region and each co-located cell of the cells exceeds a first preset signal strength value or not; judging whether the average value of the deviation between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the antenna gain difference value in the horizontal direction of the cell in any region and any co-located cell of the cell exceeds a second preset signal strength value or not; and when the average value of the deviation between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the horizontal direction antenna gain difference value of the cell and each co-located cell of the cell in a region exceeds a first preset signal strength value, or the average value of the deviation between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the horizontal direction antenna gain difference value of any co-located cell of the cell and the cell in a region exceeds a second preset signal strength value, determining the cell to be detected.
In the above technical solution, the main lobe coverage distance range of the antenna is an annular area of 0 ° to 360 ° determined by the lower limit of the antenna main lobe coverage distance and the upper limit of the antenna main lobe coverage distance, and according to a preset first angle, the antenna main lobe coverage distance range may be divided into a plurality of areas, which may also be specifically referred to as special areas such as the antenna main lobe, side lobes, and back lobe. For example, when the preset first angle is 360 degrees, the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe is divided into an area, and the angle range is 0-360 degrees; when a preset first angle is 60 degrees, the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe is divided into 6 areas, the angle ranges are respectively 0-60 degrees, 60-120 degrees, 120-180 degrees, 180-240 degrees, 240-300 degrees and 300-360 degrees, whether the average value of the deviation between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the horizontal direction antenna gain difference value of each co-sited cell of the cell and the cell in any area exceeds a first preset signal strength value or not is judged, whether the cell is a cell to be detected or not is determined according to whether the average value of the deviation between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the horizontal direction antenna gain difference value of the cell and any co-sited cell of the cell and the cell in any area exceeds a second preset signal strength value or not, and when the first actual received signal strength difference value and the horizontal direction antenna gain difference value of the cell and all co-sited cells of the cell and the cell in a certain area exist If the average value of the deviations exceeds a first preset signal strength value, or if the average value of the deviations between a first actual received signal strength difference value and a horizontal direction antenna gain difference value of any one co-located cell of the cells and the cell in a certain region exceeds a second preset signal strength value, the cell can be determined to be a cell to be detected, wherein the average value of the deviations between a first actual received signal strength difference value and a horizontal direction antenna gain difference value of the cell in the certain region and the co-located cell of the cell in the certain region is the average value of the deviations between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the horizontal direction antenna gain difference value of the cell and the co-located cell in all azimuth directions in the region.
Examples are as follows:
there is a cell a having two co-sited cells B and C, fig. 5 is an ideal antenna lobe pattern for each cell under the base station, the ideal antenna lobe pattern being a lobe pattern determined according to a predetermined performance value of the antenna from which the predetermined performance value of the antenna can be derived, as shown, each loop represents a horizontal antenna gain value, 0dB, -5dB, -10dB, -15dB, -20dB, -25dB from the outside to the inside, respectively.
Suppose that cell a has 4 sampling point data, which are sampling point 1, sampling point 2, sampling point 3, and sampling point 4, respectively, where the azimuth angle of sampling point 1 with respect to cell a is 0 °, the azimuth angle of sampling point 2 with respect to cell a is 30 °, the azimuth angle of sampling point 3 with respect to cell a is 90 °, and the azimuth angle of sampling point 4 with respect to cell a is 270 °. The first preset angle is 180 °, that is, the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe of the cell a is divided into two regions, and according to the ideal antenna lobe pattern of three cells, that is, fig. 5, the horizontal direction antenna gain difference between the cell a in the 4 azimuth directions and the cell in the same station can be obtained:
in the 0 ° direction, the horizontal antenna gain difference between cell a and cell B is: 0- (-20) to 20dB, the difference between the antenna gains in the horizontal direction of cell a and cell C is: 0- (-25) 25 dB; in the 30 ° direction, the horizontal antenna gain difference between cell a and cell B is: -3- (-10) ═ 7dB, the difference in antenna gain in the horizontal direction between cell a and cell C is: -3- (-27) 24 dB; in the 90 ° direction, the horizontal antenna gain difference between cell a and cell B is: -19-0 ═ 19dB, the horizontal antenna gain difference between cell a and cell C is: -19- (-25) 6 dB; in the 270 ° direction, the horizontal antenna gain difference between cell a and cell B is: -19- (-24) ═ 5dB, the difference in antenna gain in the horizontal direction between cell a and cell C is: -19- (-1) ═ 18 dB;
according to the first actual received signal strengths of the three cells in the 4 azimuth directions, the first actual received signal strength difference between the cell a in the 4 azimuth directions and the cell of the same station can be obtained:
assume that in the 0 ° direction, the first actual received signal strength difference between cell a and cell B is: 12dBm, the difference between the first actual received signal strengths of cell a and cell C is: 23 dBm; in the 30 ° direction, the first actual received signal strength difference between cell a and cell B is: 4dBm, the difference between the first actual received signal strengths of cell a and cell C is: 20 dBm; in the 90 ° direction, the first actual received signal strength difference between cell a and cell B is: 13dBm, the first actual received signal strength difference between cell a and cell C is: 3 dBm; in the 270 ° direction, the first actual received signal strength difference between cell a and cell B is: 1dBm, the difference between the first actual received signal strengths of cell a and cell C is: -6 dBm;
determining the deviation between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the horizontal antenna gain difference value of the cell A and the co-sited cell in the 4 azimuth directions:
in the 0 ° direction, the deviation of the first actual received signal strength difference between cell a and cell B and the antenna gain difference in the horizontal direction is: the deviation between the first actual received signal strength difference between the cell a and the cell C and the antenna gain difference in the horizontal direction is: 25-23| ═ 2 dB; in the 30 ° direction, the deviation of the first actual received signal strength difference between cell a and cell B and the horizontal antenna gain difference is: the difference between the first actual received signal strength of the cell a and the first actual received signal strength of the cell C and the antenna gain difference in the horizontal direction is: 24-20| ═ 4 dB; in the 90 ° direction, the deviation between the first actual received signal strength difference between cell a and cell B and the antenna gain difference in the horizontal direction is: the deviation of the first actual received signal strength difference between cell a and cell C from the horizontal antenna gain difference is: 6-3| ═ 3 dB; in the 270 ° direction, the deviation between the first actual received signal strength difference between cell a and cell B and the antenna gain difference in the horizontal direction is: the deviation between the first actual received signal strength difference between the cell a and the cell C and the antenna gain difference in the horizontal direction is: -18- (-6) | 12 dB;
determining the average value of the deviation of the first actual received signal strength difference value and the horizontal antenna gain difference value of the cell A and each co-sited cell in each area determined at the first preset angle, wherein the ranges are 0-180 degrees and 180-360 degrees respectively:
in the range of 0 ° to 180 °: average value of deviation of first actual received signal strength difference and horizontal direction antenna gain difference of cell a and cell B:average value of deviation of first actual received signal strength difference and horizontal direction antenna gain difference of cell a and cell C: (2+4+3) ÷ 3 ═ 3 dB;
in the range of 180-360 °: average value of deviation of first actual received signal strength difference and horizontal direction antenna gain difference of cell a and cell B: 4 ÷ 1 ═ 4 dB; average value of deviation of first actual received signal strength difference and horizontal direction antenna gain difference of cell a and cell C: 12 ÷ 1 ÷ 12 dB;
judging whether the average value of the deviation between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the antenna gain difference value in the horizontal direction of the cell A in any area and all cells in the same station exceeds a first preset signal strength value:
when the first preset signal strength value is 9dBm, within the range of 0-180 degrees, the average value of the deviation between the first actual received signal strength difference value of the cell A and the cell B and the antenna gain difference value in the horizontal direction does not exceed the first preset signal strength value, the average value of the deviation between the first actual received signal strength difference value of the cell A and the cell C and the antenna gain difference value in the horizontal direction does not exceed the first preset signal strength value, and within the range of 180-360 degrees, the average value of the deviation between the first actual received signal strength difference value of the cell A and the cell C and the antenna gain difference value in the horizontal direction exceeds a first preset signal strength value, however, the average value of the deviations between the first actual received signal strength difference and the horizontal antenna gain difference of the cell a and the cell B does not exceed the first preset signal strength value, and therefore, it is not possible to determine whether the cell a is a cell to be detected.
It may be continuously determined whether the average of the deviations between the first actual received signal strength difference and the horizontal antenna gain difference of the cell a in any area and any co-located cell exceeds a second preset signal strength value:
when the second preset signal intensity value is 11dBm, in the range of 180-360 degrees, the cell a can be determined to be the cell to be detected because the average value of the deviation between the first actual received signal intensity difference value of the cell a and the cell C and the antenna gain difference value in the horizontal direction exceeds the second preset signal intensity value.
In order to ensure higher accuracy in determining the cell to be detected, the preset first angles may be multiple, and each preset first angle has a corresponding first preset signal strength value and a corresponding second preset signal strength value, for example, the preset first angle may be 360 °, the corresponding first preset signal strength value may be 9dBm, and the corresponding second preset signal strength value may be 12 dBm; the preset first angle may be a horizontal half-power angle of the antenna, such as 65 °, and the corresponding first preset signal strength value may be 12dBm, and the corresponding second preset signal strength value may be 15 dBm; the preset first angle may be 30 °, the corresponding first preset signal strength value may be 15dBm, and the corresponding second preset signal strength value may be 18 dBm; the predetermined first angle may be 15 °, the corresponding first predetermined signal strength value may be 18dBm, and the corresponding second predetermined signal strength value may be 21 dBm.
Since the radio environment information of the cell has interference influence on the signal, as shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of analyzing interference on an actual antenna lobe pattern by a reflector in the cell. The base station is provided with 3 cells, namely a cell A, a cell B and a cell C, the cell B is assumed to be a cell to be detected, when an obstacle blocking an electromagnetic wave signal exists around the cell to be detected, the obstacle can be avoided through a data acquisition scheme matched with the cell to be detected, so that the actual antenna lobe diagram of the cell to be detected cannot be influenced, and as shown in the figure, the obstacle in the diagram is avoided through the selection of an acquisition route. When there is a reflector around the cell to be detected, due to the reflection, the signal radiated in the same direction may be received and detected many times, so as to affect the actual antenna lobe pattern in the direction.
In order to solve the above technical problem, preferably, before determining a cell whose antenna performance does not meet a preset performance value according to the actual antenna lobe pattern of each cell to be detected, the method may further include: acquiring wireless environment information of each cell to be detected, wherein the wireless environment information of the cell is information of obstacles related to wireless signal propagation in the cell; determining the cell whose antenna performance does not meet the preset performance value according to the actual antenna lobe pattern of each cell to be detected, which may specifically be: and determining the cells with the antenna performance not conforming to the preset performance value according to the actual antenna lobe pattern and the wireless environment information of each cell to be detected.
In the above technical solution, by acquiring the wireless environment information of each cell to be detected, the actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell can be analyzed according to the wireless environment information of the cell to be detected, and when the actual antenna lobe pattern is analyzed, the wireless environment information of the cell to be detected is compared, so as to eliminate the influence caused by the wireless environment information.
For example, as shown in fig. 6, since the reflectors around the base station reflect cell a, cell B, and cell C at the same time, that is, the reflectors reflect signals transmitted from antennas of three cells, the average received signal strength of the three cells is higher, and the change of the average received signal strength of the cell with the main lobe reflected is more obvious than that of the cell with the side lobe reflected. When the antenna structure or the sky surface has problems, repeated measurement of signals cannot be caused, the average received signal strength of the cell is not obviously influenced, the average received signal strength of the cell is smaller due to the problem of near-end blocking of the antenna, the blocking effect of the barriers on the three cells is consistent, namely, the signals transmitted by the antennas of the three cells are blocked, and the average received signal strength of the three cells is lower. Therefore, by acquiring the wireless environment information of each cell to be detected and analyzing the actual antenna lobe pattern according to the wireless environment information, the influence of the wireless environment information on the actual antenna lobe pattern is eliminated, and the influence of the problems such as an antenna structure and the like on the actual antenna lobe pattern is concentrated.
The method mainly comprises the steps that the performance of the antenna is large, some of the performance of the antenna reflects the physical and mechanical performance of the antenna, some of the performance of the antenna reflects the electrical performance of the antenna, wherein the electrical performance is related to the performance of a wireless network, and the performance related to the performance of the wireless network is mainly checked when whether the cell to be detected is a cell with the antenna performance not conforming to a preset performance value is determined.
Preferably, the determining, according to the actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected, whether the cell to be detected is a cell whose antenna performance does not meet a preset performance value may specifically be: acquiring the actual performance of the antenna of the cell to be detected according to the actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected, wherein the actual performance of the antenna comprises the following steps: actual average received signal strength of a cell to which the antenna belongs, actual direction angle of the antenna, actual antenna front-to-back ratio of the antenna, actual horizontal directivity coefficient of the antenna, and actual maximum received signal strength of the antenna; obtaining the preset performance of the antenna, wherein the preset performance of the antenna comprises the following steps: the average gain in the preset horizontal direction of the cell to which the antenna belongs, the preset direction angle of the antenna, the preset antenna front-to-back ratio of the antenna, the preset horizontal directivity coefficient of the antenna and the preset maximum received signal strength of the antenna; and determining whether the cell to be detected is a cell of which the antenna performance does not accord with a preset performance value according to the actual performance and the preset performance of the antenna.
In the above technical solution, as shown in fig. 7, fig. 7 is an antenna lobe diagram of a cell, from which information such as signal coverage area of the cell, signal coverage strength in different directions, and the like can be obtained, and among the performances of the antenna, the antenna performance closely related to the wireless network performance mainly includes average received signal strength of the cell to which the antenna belongs, a directive angle of the antenna, an antenna front-to-back ratio, an antenna horizontal directivity coefficient, and a maximum received signal strength of the antenna, and according to an actual antenna lobe diagram of a cell to be detected, actual performance of the antenna of the cell to be detected can be obtained.
Fig. 8 is a graph of an analysis of an actual antenna front-to-back ratio for a cell using an ALLGON7217.01 antenna, as shown in fig. 8, with a signal strength of-40 dB in the direction of the antenna main lobe and a signal strength of-66 dB in the direction away from the antenna main lobe, thus yielding an actual antenna front-to-back ratio of 26dB for the cell, which can also be calculated in conjunction with the actual antenna lobe pattern and the data from which it was generated according to the following equation:
the main lobe direction of the antenna and the main lobe back direction of the antenna can be obtained from the actual antenna lobe pattern, as shown in fig. 8, the main lobe direction of the antenna of the cell can be obtained to be 330-360 degrees and 0-30 degrees, the main lobe back direction of the antenna is 150-210 degrees, and the number of sampling points in the directions of 330-360 degrees, 0-30 degrees and 150-210 degrees and the signal intensity of each sampling point are obtained from the data for generating the actual antenna lobe pattern.
The antenna horizontal directivity coefficient represents the distribution situation of the antenna radiation signal in the space, namely the concentration situation of the antenna electromagnetic wave, and can be equivalently understood as the gain of the antenna, and the actual horizontal directivity coefficient of the antenna can be calculated according to the following formula by combining the actual antenna lobe pattern and the data for generating the actual antenna lobe pattern:
by comparing the preset performance value of the ALLGON7217.01 antenna with the actual performance value of the antenna of the cell, it is determined whether the cell to be detected is a cell whose antenna performance does not meet the preset performance value, and the preset performance value of the ALLGON7217.01 antenna can be obtained from the parameter description of the ALLGON7217.01 antenna, as shown in fig. 9, where fig. 9 is a part of the preset performance value of the ALLGON7217.01 antenna.
The maximum received signal strength of the antenna is related to many factors, and a signal sent by the antenna passes through a transmitter-a radio frequency link-a combiner-a feeder line and a feeder line head-an antenna-a propagation space-a test handset from a signal transmitting end to a signal receiving end in sequence, and by comparing the preset maximum received signal strength of the antenna with the actual maximum received signal strength, when the preset maximum received signal strength of the antenna is greatly different from the actual maximum received signal strength, a fault may exist in one or some of the nodes.
As can be seen from fig. 8, the actual maximum received signal strength of the antenna of the cell is-37 dB.
The preset maximum received signal strength of the antenna can be obtained according to the following formula:
the maximum transmitting power of the transmitter depends on the manufacturer, model and version, and the actual transmitting power depends on the power parameter. In the existing network, the transmission power of the 900-band dominant frequency is usually set to 45dBm, while the transmission power of the 1800-band dominant frequency is set to 43dBm, and the dominant frequency transmission power of the cell shown in fig. 8 is 45 dBm. The influence of the radio frequency connecting wire on the liking is represented by insertion loss, generally, the radio frequency connecting wire has good performance and short length which is generally less than 0.5m, so the insertion loss value is not more than 0.05 dB. The influence of the combiner on the signal is represented as combining loss, and combiners of different manufacturers, models and versions have different combining loss. If a combiner is used at the antenna feeder, the loss of each stage of combining is generally 3 dB. Generally, a typical combining loss value of the hybrid combiner is 3dB, a typical combining loss value of the filtering combiner is 3dB, a typical insertion loss value of the duplexer is 1dB, the cell shown in fig. 8 does not use a combining at the antenna feeder, and a combining loss value is 3 dB. The influence of the feeder line and the feeder line head on the signal is insertion loss, and the feeder lines and the feeder line heads of different manufacturers and models have different insertion loss. Typical insertion loss values for the feeder header are 0.1dB, for the 7/8 feeder 0.043dB/m, and for the 1/2 feeder 0.077 dB/m. The cell shown in fig. 8 is configured with 6 feeder heads, 2 feeders of 2 meters 1/2, and 1 feeder of 55 meters 7/8, so that the total insertion loss of the antenna feeder is:
0.1 × 6+0.077 × 4+0.043 × 55 ═ 3.273 dB. As there are many connections in the antenna feed system, it is not possible to match the impedances between them perfectly. In this case, part of the electromagnetic wave is reflected by the radio electromagnetic wave passing through the place where the impedance is mismatched, and the reflection causes loss. Since the return loss and the standing-wave ratio have a certain conversion relationship, the cell shown in fig. 8 adopts OMT (local maintenance terminal software of an ericsson base station) to measure that the standing-wave ratio is about 1.4, which is converted into a return loss value of-15.6 dB. The transmitted power is 15.6dB greater than the reflected power, i.e. the transmitted power is about 36.3 times the reflected power, by definition of return loss. So the effective transmit power/transmit power =35.3/36.3, i.e. the reflection loss is: 10log (35.3/36).3) =0.12 dB. The antenna has concentrated radiation effect on electromagnetic waves, and gain effect in the concentrated radiation direction, and the effect is largeSmall is described by the physical quantity antenna gain. The antennas of different manufacturers and models have different gains, while the cell shown in fig. 8 uses an ALLGON7217.04 antenna with a gain of 15.5 dBi. Considering that the actual sampling point is within the coverage range of the main lobe but is not guaranteed to be completely opposite to the main lobe, the antenna gain reduced by 3dB is considered in calculation, and 12.5dBi is taken. In the scheme, the maximum received signal strength of the antenna is measured by taking the distance D from the test mobile phone to the antenna as a standard of 105 meters, the size D of the base station antenna is 1.5 meters, the wavelength λ of 900MHz electromagnetic waves is about 0.33 meter, and then the far fields of the antennas are at least apart from each other:
thus, the scheme conforms to d > df,df＞＞D,dfCondition of > lambda. Meanwhile, a direct-view condition exists between the test mobile phone and the antenna, and transmission and reception are mainly in straight-line propagation, so that the condition of using a Friis free space model is met. The free space propagation model given by Friis's equation:
wherein, PtTo transmit power, GtFor transmitting antenna gain, GrFor the gain of the receiving antenna, L is the free path loss, d is the communication distance, λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, λ = c/f, f is the frequency of the electromagnetic wave, and c is the speed of light. Thus, the free-space path loss is:
when the free-space path loss does not take into account the antenna gain,
the dominant frequency of the cell shown in fig. 8 is 67# frequency point, and the distance between the acquisition point and the antenna is 300m to 400m, so the path loss
L ∈ [20log (935MHz +0.2MHz 67) +20log300,20log (935MHz +0.2MHz 67) +20log400 ]. Mesh is the same as [81.dB,83.98dB ]
The prior test mobile phone generally adopts a built-in antenna, and the gain of the mobile phone antenna is generally 0 dBi. The standing-wave ratio index of the design of the mobile phone antenna is required to be less than 3, in the scheme, the standing-wave ratio of the test mobile phone is 2.32, the corresponding return loss is-8 dB, and the reflection loss is 0.58 dB. Considering the absorption of wireless signals by the human body, the human body loss of the 800/900MHz system is about 3dB according to the ETSI (European telecommunications standards Institute) recommended value, while ericsson recommends 5dB for the human body loss in the power budget path loss calculation. Considering that the polarization direction of the antenna of the mobile phone cannot always coincide with the incoming wave signal during operation, the influence of the polarization loss needs to be considered. In view of the mature process of the current mobile phone antenna, the built-in microstrip antenna of the mobile phone can effectively receive in the vertical and horizontal polarization directions and belongs to a quasi-omnidirectional antenna, so that under the extreme condition, the maximum included angle between the incoming wave electric field direction and the polarization direction of the mobile phone antenna is 45 degrees. I.e. the maximum polarization loss is: -10log (cos45 °) 1.51 dB. In summary, the maximum loss at the test handset is 7.09dB for-0 +0.58+5+ 1.51.
The preset maximum received signal strength of the antenna is: 45-0.05-3-3.273+12.5-81.48-7.09 dB-37.553 dB.
And comparing the preset maximum received signal strength of the antenna with the actual maximum received signal strength of the antenna, and determining that the actual maximum received signal strength of the antenna is consistent with the preset maximum received signal strength of the antenna.
Preferably, the method for obtaining the actual average received signal strength of the cell to which the antenna belongs may be: dividing an actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected into a plurality of regions with the angle ranges as second angles according to a preset second angle; determining an actual average received signal strength for each region; the method for obtaining the average gain in the preset horizontal direction of the cell to which the antenna belongs may be: acquiring an ideal antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected according to the parameters of the antenna; dividing an ideal antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected into a plurality of regions with the angle range as a second angle according to a preset second angle; determining the average gain of each area in the preset horizontal direction; the determining, according to the actual average received signal strength of the cell to which the antenna belongs and the average gain in the preset horizontal direction, whether the antenna performance of the cell to be detected does not meet a preset performance value may specifically be: acquiring the difference value of the actual average received signal strength of every two adjacent areas and the difference value of the average gain in the preset horizontal direction; acquiring the average value of the difference values of the actual average received signal strengths of all adjacent areas and the average value of the difference values of the average gains in the preset horizontal direction; determining the deviation of the difference value of the actual average received signal strength of every two adjacent areas and the average gain difference value in the preset horizontal direction; judging whether the difference value of the actual average received signal strength of any two adjacent areas and the difference value of the average gain in the preset horizontal direction exceed a third preset value or not; judging whether the deviation of the average value of the difference values of the actual average received signal strength and the average value of the difference values of the average gains in the preset horizontal direction exceeds a fourth preset value or not; and when the deviation between the difference value of the actual average received signal strength of two adjacent areas and the difference value of the average gain in the preset horizontal direction exceeds a third preset value, or the deviation between the average value of the difference value of the actual average received signal strength and the average value of the difference value of the average gain in the preset horizontal direction exceeds a fourth preset value, judging that the internal structure of the antenna of the cell has a fault.
In the technical scheme, whether lobe leakage or over-strong back lobe signal or over-narrow or over-wide half power angle of the antenna occurs in the internal structure of the antenna can be detected according to the average received signal strength of the cell to which the antenna belongs. The average received signal strength of the cell to which the antenna belongs can be obtained from the lobe pattern of the antenna. Dividing an antenna lobe pattern of a cell to be detected into a plurality of areas according to a preset second angle, for example, when the preset second angle is 360 degrees, the antenna lobe pattern is divided into one area, and the angle range is 0-360 degrees; when the preset second angle is 60 degrees, the antenna lobe pattern is divided into 6 areas, the angle ranges are respectively 0-60 degrees, 60-120 degrees, 120-180 degrees, 180-240 degrees, 240-300 degrees and 300-360 degrees, the average received signal strength in each area is determined, for the actual antenna lobe pattern, the actual average received signal strength is the average value of the received signal strength of all the sampling data in each area, and for the ideal antenna lobe pattern, the preset horizontal direction average gain is the average value of the antenna gain in each area. Acquiring a difference value of actual average received signal strength of every two adjacent regions and a difference value of a preset horizontal direction average gain, for example, the two adjacent regions are region 1 and region 2 respectively, wherein the actual average received signal of the region 1 is-25 dBm, and the preset horizontal direction average gain is-23 dB; the actual average received signal in region 2 is-19 dBm, and the preset horizontal average gain is-20 dB, then the difference between the actual average received signal strength in region 1 and region 2 is (-25) - (-19) — 6dBm, and the difference between the preset horizontal average gain is (-23) - (-20) — 3 dB; judging whether the difference between the actual average received signal strength in any two adjacent areas and the difference between the preset horizontal direction average gains exceed a third preset signal strength value or not, and determining that the internal structure of the antenna of the cell has a problem when the difference between the actual average received signal strength in some two adjacent areas and the difference between the preset horizontal direction average gains exceed the third preset signal strength value; if the antenna of the cell cannot be determined to have a problem through the difference between the actual average received signal strengths in any two adjacent regions and the deviation between the difference between the preset horizontal direction average gains, determining whether the antenna of the cell has a problem by judging whether the deviation between the average value of the actual average received signal strengths of all adjacent regions and the average value of the preset horizontal direction average gains exceeds a fourth preset signal strength value, and determining that the antenna of the cell has a problem when the deviation between the average value of the actual average received signal strengths and the average value of the preset horizontal direction average gains exceeds a fourth preset value.
Examples are as follows:
the preset second angle is 90 degrees, the antenna lobe pattern of the cell is divided into 4 areas, namely an area 1, an area 2, an area 3 and an area 4, wherein the actual average received signal of the area 1 is-25 dBm, and the average gain in the horizontal direction is-23 dB; the actual average received signal of the region 2 is-19 dBm, and the average gain in the preset horizontal direction is-20 dB; the actual average received signal of the region 3 is-8 dBm, and the average gain in the preset horizontal direction is-10 dB; the actual average received signal of the region 4 is-14 dBm, and the average gain in the preset horizontal direction is-12 dB;
then the difference between the actual average received signal strength of the region 1 and the actual average received signal strength of the region 2 is (-25) - (-19) — 6dB, the difference between the preset horizontal average gain is (-23) - (-20) — 3dB, and the difference between the actual average received signal strength and the preset horizontal average gain is | (-6) - (-3) — 3 dB; the difference between the actual average received signal strength of the region 2 and the actual average received signal strength of the region 3 is (-19) - (-8) — 11dBm, the difference between the preset horizontal average gain is (-20) - (-10) — 10dB, and the difference between the actual average received signal strength and the preset horizontal average gain is | (-11) - (-10) — 1 dB; the difference between the actual average received signal strength of the region 3 and the actual average received signal strength of the region 4 is (-8) - (-14) to 6dBm, the difference between the preset horizontal average gain is (-10) - (-12) to 2dB, and the difference between the actual average received signal strength and the preset horizontal average gain is |6-2| -4 dB; the difference between the actual average received signal strength of the region 4 and the actual average received signal strength of the region 1 is (-14) - (-25) 11dBm, the difference between the preset horizontal average gain is (-12) - (-23) 11dB, and the difference between the actual average received signal strength and the preset horizontal average gain is |11-11| -0 dB;
when the third preset signal strength value is 3dBm, the deviation between the difference value of the actual average received signal strength of the area 3 and the area 4 and the difference value of the average gain in the preset horizontal direction exceeds the third preset signal strength value, and the problem of the antenna of the cell can be determined;
when the third preset signal intensity value is 5dBm, if the deviation between the difference between the actual average received signal intensities of any two adjacent areas and the difference between the preset horizontal direction average gains does not exceed the third preset signal intensity value, determining that the average value of the difference between the actual average received signal intensities of the cell is the average value of the difference between the actual average received signal intensities of all adjacent areas of the cell, namely ((-6) - (-11) +6+11) ÷ 4 ═ 0 dBm; the average value of the difference values of the average gains in the preset horizontal direction of the cell is the average value of the difference values of the average gains in the preset horizontal direction of all adjacent areas of the cell, and is ((-3) - (-10) +2+11) ÷ 4 ═ 0 dB; the deviation of the average value of the difference value of the actual average received signal strength from the average value of the difference value of the preset horizontal direction average gain is |0-0| ═ 0 dB.
When the fourth preset signal strength value is 3dBm, the deviation between the average value of the difference values of the actual average received signal strength and the average value of the difference values of the preset horizontal direction average gain does not exceed the fourth preset signal strength value, and it can be determined that there is no problem in the internal structure of the antenna of the cell.
The preset second angle may be set according to analysis of the existing historical data, and may be generally set to be 15 °, and the third preset signal strength value may be determined according to the preset second angle, and may be, for example, 6dBm, and the fourth preset signal strength value may be, for example, 3 dBm.
Preferably, the method for acquiring the actual direction angle of the antenna may be: dividing the actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected into a plurality of areas with the angle range of the preset third angle according to the preset third angle and the preset fourth angle, wherein the difference value of the initial angle of each area is the preset fourth angle; determining the actual average received signal strength of each region according to the actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected; acquiring the maximum actual average received signal strength in the actual average received signal strengths of all the areas; and determining the azimuth angle corresponding to the direction of the central angle of the area corresponding to the maximum actual average received signal strength as the actual direction angle of the antenna.
In the technical scheme, the actual horizontal half-power angle of the antenna can be obtained according to the actual antenna lobe pattern, so that the actual direction angle of the antenna can be determined. Dividing the actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected into a plurality of regions with a preset angle range of a third angle according to a preset third angle and a preset fourth angle, wherein the difference of the initial angle of each region is the preset fourth angle, the smaller the fourth angle is, the higher the accuracy is, when the fourth angle is set to be 1 °, the higher the accuracy and the operability are achieved, for example, the preset third angle is 90 °, the preset fourth angle is 60 °, the actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected is divided into 6 regions, the angle ranges of each region are respectively 0 ° -90 °, 60 ° -150 °, 120 ° -210 °, 180 ° -270 °, 240 ° -330 °, and 300 ° -30 °, and the actual average received signal strength in each region is determined, that is, the average value of the received signal strengths of all the sampled data in each region, for example, the actual average received signal strength for the 0-90 region is-18 dBm, the actual average received signal strength for the 60-150 region is-12 dBm, the actual average received signal strength for the 120-210 region is-4 dBm, the actual average received signal strength for the 180-270 region is-10 dBm, the actual average received signal strength for the 240-330 region is-25 dBm, the actual average received signal strength for the 300-30 region is-15 dBm, wherein the maximum actual average received signal strength is-4 dBm of the actual average received signal strength in the area of 120-210 degrees, the azimuth angle corresponding to the direction of the central angle of the 120 ° -210 ° region is the actual azimuth angle of the antenna, i.e. the 165 ° direction is the actual azimuth angle of the antenna.
In order to provide a higher accuracy in determining the actual direction angle of the antenna, the preset fourth angle may be set to 1 °, the difference between the start angles of each of the divided areas is 1 °, and the preset third angle may be set according to analysis of the existing historical data, for example, to the horizontal half-power angle of the antenna or to 10 °.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a cell antenna performance analysis apparatus based on an antenna lobe pattern according to the present invention, and as shown in the figure, the apparatus 100 includes:
the first determining module 101 is configured to determine a cell to be detected according to sweep frequency data, drive test data, and parameter information of all cells in an area to be analyzed;
a first obtaining module 102, configured to obtain data collected for each cell to be detected according to a data collection scheme matched with each cell to be detected;
the first generation module 103 is configured to generate an actual antenna lobe pattern for each cell to be detected according to the acquired data;
a second determining module 104, configured to determine, according to the actual antenna lobe pattern of each cell to be detected, a cell whose antenna performance does not meet a preset performance value, so as to adjust the antenna performance of the cell whose antenna performance does not meet the preset performance value.
In the above technical solution, when analyzing the antenna performance of a cell in a certain area, since there are a plurality of cells in the area and the antenna performance of all the cells is not problematic, the first determining module 101 needs to determine the cell that needs to be detected according to the existing related data and the parameter information of the cell. After the cells to be detected are determined, the first obtaining module 102 obtains the data collected for each cell to be detected according to the data collection scheme matched with each cell to be detected, the data collection scheme is matched with the cells, that is, when the data collection scheme is determined, information such as the wireless environment of the cell to be detected is fully considered, the first generating module 103 generates an actual antenna lobe graph for each cell to be detected according to the collected data, the second determining module 104 determines the cells whose antenna performance does not conform to the preset performance value according to the actual antenna lobe graph of each cell to be detected, and then the user can adjust the antenna performance of the cells whose antenna performance does not conform to the preset performance value. The acquired data is acquired according to the information such as the environment of the cell to be detected, so that the antenna performance of the cell to be detected can be accurately reflected according to the actual antenna lobe pattern generated by the data, and the problem of the antenna performance of the cell to be detected can be more accurately determined.
Preferably, the relevant data of the cell includes frequency sweep data and drive test data of the cell, and the first determining module includes: the first acquisition submodule is used for acquiring sampling point data of each cell from the sweep frequency data and the drive test data of all cells in the area to be analyzed; the second acquisition submodule is used for acquiring the working parameters of each cell from the parameter information of all cells in the area to be analyzed, and the acquisition time of the working parameters of each cell is matched with the acquisition time of the sweep frequency data and the drive test data of each cell; and the first determining submodule is used for determining the cell to be detected according to the sampling point data of each cell and the working parameters of each cell.
Preferably, the sample data includes received signal strength of a sample, and the first determining sub-module includes: the screening unit is used for screening the sampling point data of the cell according to the working parameters of the cell so as to obtain the sampling point data in the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe of the cell; the first processing unit is used for carrying out normalization processing on the received signals of the screened sampling point data of the cell; and the first determining unit is used for determining whether the cell is the cell to be detected according to the normalized receiving signal of each sampling point data of the cell and the horizontal antenna gain corresponding to each sampling point.
Preferably, the sampling point data includes longitude and latitude of the sampling point, and the working parameters of the cell include: the longitude and latitude of the cell, the first determining submodule further includes: a second determining unit, configured to determine an azimuth angle of each sampling point data of the cell relative to the cell according to the longitude and latitude of the cell and the longitude and latitude of each sampling point
Wherein j is any sampling point in the cell, E (j) is the longitude of the j-th sampling point, N (j) is the latitude of the j-th sampling point, E is the longitude of the cell, and N is the latitude of the cell; the second processing unit is used for carrying out filtering processing on the normalized received signals of the sampling point data in the same azimuth direction according to the azimuth angle of each sampling point data relative to the cell so as to determine the first actual received signal strength in the azimuth direction; the first determining unit is further configured to determine whether the cell is a cell to be detected according to a first actual received signal strength of the cell in each azimuth direction and a horizontal antenna gain of the cell in the azimuth direction.
Preferably, the first determining sub-module further includes: a third determining unit, configured to determine, according to a first actual received signal strength of the cell in each azimuth direction and a first actual received signal strength of each co-located cell of the cell in the azimuth direction, a first actual received signal strength difference value of each azimuth direction between the cell and each co-located cell of the cell; a fourth determining unit, configured to determine, according to a horizontal antenna gain of the cell in each azimuth direction and a horizontal antenna gain of each co-located cell of the cell in the azimuth direction, a horizontal antenna gain difference of the cell and each co-located cell of the cell in each azimuth direction; the first determining unit is further configured to determine whether the cell is a cell to be detected according to a difference between the first actual received signal strength in each azimuth direction and a difference between the antenna gain in the horizontal direction of each co-located cell of the cells.
Preferably, the sampling point data includes longitude and latitude of the sampling point, and the working parameters of the cell include: the longitude and latitude of district, the perpendicular half-power angle of antenna of district, the antenna of district hangs high and the antenna downward inclination of district, the screening unit includes: the first determining subunit is used for determining the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe of the cell according to the antenna downward inclination angle, the vertical half-power angle and the antenna hanging height of the cell; the second determining subunit is used for determining the distance between each sampling point and the cell according to the longitude and latitude of the cell and the longitude and latitude of the data of each sampling point; and the third determining subunit is configured to determine, according to the antenna main lobe coverage distance range of the cell and the distance between each sampling point and the cell, a sampling point within the antenna main lobe coverage distance range of the cell.
Preferably, the first determining subunit includes: an eleventh determining subunit, configured to determine, according to the antenna downtilt angle, the vertical half-power angle, the antenna hanging height, and the positioning accuracy information of the cell, a lower limit of a coverage distance of an antenna main lobe:where θ represents the antenna downtilt angle of the cell, α represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the cell, H represents the antenna hangup of the cell, L represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the cellminRepresenting a minimum coverage distance of the antenna determined according to the positioning accuracy information; a twelfth determining subunit, configured to determine, according to the antenna downtilt angle, the vertical half-power angle, the antenna overhead, the path loss of the signal, and the overlapping coverage information between the antennas of the cell, an upper limit of the antenna main lobe coverage distance:wherein L ismaxWhich represents the maximum coverage distance of the antenna determined according to the path loss of the signal and the overlapping coverage information between the antennas.
Preferably, the parameters of the cell include: the main frequency transmitting power and the combining loss, the sampling point data comprises the longitude and latitude of the sampling point, and the working parameters of the cell comprise: the longitude and latitude of district, the antenna vertical half power angle of district, the antenna of district hangs high and the antenna downtilt angle of district, first processing unit includes: a fourth determining subunit, configured to determine, according to the antenna parameter of the cell and the antenna parameter of the cell in the same station as the cell, a normalized value Rxlev (j') of the received signal of each sampled point data of the screened cell:
wherein j 'is any one of the filtered sampling points of the cell, E is the longitude of the cell, N is the latitude of the cell, E (j') is the longitude of the jth sampling point, N (j ') is the latitude of the jth sampling point, rxlev (j') is the received signal value of the jth sampling point data, i is any cell under the base station to which the cell belongs, θ (i) represents the antenna downward inclination angle of the ith cell, α (i) represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the ith cell, H (i) represents the antenna hanging height of the ith cell, θ (1) represents the antenna downward inclination angle of the 1 st cell, α (1) represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the 1 st cell, H (1) represents the antenna hanging height of the 1 st cell, and L (1) represents the antenna hanging height of the 1 st cellminAnd the minimum coverage distance of the antenna determined according to the positioning precision information is represented, BP is a preset value of the main frequency transmitting power of the antenna, CL is a preset value of the combining loss of the antenna, BchPwr is the main frequency transmitting power of the antenna of the cell, and ComLoss is the combining loss of the antenna of the cell.
Preferably, the first determination unit includes: the first dividing unit is used for dividing a main lobe coverage distance range of the cell antenna into a plurality of regions with angle ranges as first angles according to a preset first angle; a sixth determining subunit, configured to determine, according to a difference between a first actual received signal strength of each azimuth direction cell in each region and a first actual received signal strength of each co-located cell of the cell, and a difference between a horizontal antenna gain, a deviation between a first actual received signal strength difference of each azimuth direction cell of the each region and a first actual received signal strength difference of each co-located cell of the cell, and a horizontal antenna gain difference; a seventh determining subunit, configured to determine, according to a deviation between a first actual received signal strength difference value and a horizontal antenna gain difference value of each co-located cell of the cell and the cell in each azimuth direction in each region, an average value of deviations between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the horizontal antenna gain difference value of each co-located cell of the cell and the cell in each region, where the average value of deviations between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the horizontal antenna gain difference value of each co-located cell of the cell and the cell in each region is an average value of deviations between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the horizontal antenna gain difference value of each co-located cell of the cell and the cell in all azimuth directions in the region; a first determining subunit, configured to determine whether an average value of deviations between a first actual received signal strength difference and a horizontal antenna gain difference of each of the cells and each of co-located cells in the cell in any one of the regions exceeds a first preset signal strength value; a second judging subunit, configured to judge whether an average value of deviations between a first actual received signal strength difference and a horizontal antenna gain difference of the cell in any one of the regions and the cell in the same station as the cell exceeds a second preset signal strength value; an eighth determining subunit, configured to determine that the cell is a cell to be detected when an average value of deviations of a first actual received signal strength difference and a horizontal antenna gain difference of each of the cells and the co-located cell in the area exceeds a first preset signal strength value, or when an average value of deviations of a first actual received signal strength difference and a horizontal antenna gain difference of any one of the cells and the co-located cell in the area exceeds a second preset signal strength value.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: a second obtaining module, configured to obtain wireless environment information of each cell to be detected, where the wireless environment information of the cell is information of an obstacle related to wireless signal propagation in the cell; the second determining module is further configured to determine, according to the actual antenna lobe pattern and the wireless environment information of each cell to be detected, a cell whose antenna performance does not meet a preset performance value.
Preferably, the second determining module includes: a third obtaining sub-module, configured to obtain, according to the actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected, actual performance of the antenna of the cell to be detected, where the actual performance of the antenna includes: actual average received signal strength of a cell to which the antenna belongs, actual direction angle of the antenna, actual antenna front-to-back ratio of the antenna, actual horizontal directivity coefficient of the antenna, and actual maximum received signal strength of the antenna; a fourth obtaining submodule, configured to obtain a preset performance of the antenna, where the preset performance of the antenna includes: the average gain in the preset horizontal direction of the cell to which the antenna belongs, the preset direction angle of the antenna, the preset antenna front-to-back ratio of the antenna, the preset horizontal directivity coefficient of the antenna and the preset maximum received signal strength of the antenna; and the second determining submodule is used for determining whether the cell to be detected is a cell of which the antenna performance does not accord with the preset performance value according to the actual performance and the preset performance of the antenna.
Preferably, the third obtaining sub-module includes: the first dividing unit is used for dividing the actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected into a plurality of areas with the angle ranges as second angles according to a preset second angle; a fifth determining unit for determining an actual average received signal strength of each region; the fourth obtaining sub-module includes: a first obtaining unit, configured to obtain an ideal antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected according to the parameter of the antenna; the second dividing unit is used for dividing the ideal antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected into a plurality of areas with the angle ranges as second angles according to a preset second angle; a sixth determining unit configured to determine a preset horizontal direction average gain for each region; the second determination submodule includes: the second acquisition unit is used for acquiring the difference value of the actual average received signal strength of every two adjacent areas and the difference value of the average gain in the preset horizontal direction; a third obtaining unit, configured to obtain an average value of difference values of actual average received signal strengths of all neighboring areas and an average value of difference values of preset horizontal direction average gains; a seventh determining unit, configured to determine a deviation between a difference between actual average received signal strengths of every two adjacent areas and a preset horizontal direction average gain difference; an eighth determining unit, configured to determine whether a difference between actual average received signal strengths of the any two neighboring areas and a preset horizontal average gain difference exceeds a third preset value; a first judging unit, configured to judge whether a deviation between an average value of the difference values of the actual average received signal strengths and an average value of difference values of a preset horizontal-direction average gain exceeds a fourth preset value; and the first judging unit is used for judging that the internal structure of the antenna of the cell is in fault when the deviation of the difference value of the actual average received signal strength of two adjacent areas and the difference value of the average gain in the preset horizontal direction exceeds a third preset value or the deviation of the average value of the difference value of the actual average received signal strength and the average value of the difference value of the average gain in the preset horizontal direction exceeds a fourth preset value.
Preferably, the third obtaining sub-module includes: a third dividing unit, configured to divide an actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected into a plurality of regions with a preset third angle range according to a preset third angle, where a difference value of an initial angle of each region is a preset fourth angle; a ninth determining unit for determining an actual average received signal strength of each area; a fourth acquiring unit configured to acquire a maximum actual average received signal strength among the actual average received signal strengths of all the regions; a tenth determining unit, configured to determine that an azimuth angle corresponding to the direction of the center angle of the area corresponding to the maximum actual average received signal strength is the actual direction angle of the antenna.
Fig. 11 is a flowchart of a cell antenna performance analysis method based on an antenna lobe pattern according to embodiment 2 of the present invention. As shown, it includes:
step S1100, acquiring parameter information of all cells of an area to be analyzed;
step S1102, acquiring drive test data and frequency sweep data of all cells of an area to be analyzed; in this step, the acquisition time of the acquired sweep frequency data and the acquisition time of the drive test data are matched with the acquisition time of the parameter information, and the sweep frequency data and the drive test data are processed into a preset data format.
Step S1104, determining a cell to be detected;
step S1106, collecting data for the cell to be detected and acquiring the peripheral wireless environment of the cell to be detected; in this step, data is collected for the cell to be detected according to the data collection scheme specified for the cell to be detected.
Step S1108, generating an actual antenna lobe pattern for each cell to be detected according to the acquired data;
step S1110, determining whether the cell to be detected has a problem according to the actual antenna lobe pattern of each cell to be detected, and if so, entering step S1112, otherwise, entering step S1114;
step S1112, analyzing the cause of the problem of the cell to be detected, in this step, analyzing whether the cell to be detected has a problem according to the actual antenna lobe pattern of each cell to be detected, and when the cell to be detected has a problem, analyzing the cause of the problem, so that the user can correct the problem according to the cause of the problem.
Step S1114 ends.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (23)
1. A cell antenna performance analysis method based on an antenna lobe pattern is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining a cell to be detected according to the relevant data and parameter information of all cells in the area to be analyzed;
acquiring data acquired for each cell to be detected according to a data acquisition scheme matched with each cell to be detected;
generating an actual antenna lobe pattern for each cell to be detected according to the acquired data;
determining the cells with the antenna performance not meeting the preset performance value according to the actual antenna lobe pattern of each cell to be detected, so as to adjust the antenna performance of the cells with the antenna performance not meeting the preset performance value;
the relevant data of the cell comprises frequency sweep data and drive test data of the cell, and the cell to be detected is determined according to the relevant data and parameter information of all cells in the area to be analyzed, which specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring sampling point data of each cell from sweep frequency data and drive test data of all cells in an area to be analyzed;
acquiring the working parameters of each cell from the parameter information of all cells in an area to be analyzed, wherein the acquisition time of the working parameters of each cell is matched with the acquisition time of the sweep frequency data and the drive test data of each cell;
determining the cell to be detected according to the sampling point data of each cell and the working parameters of each cell;
the method for determining whether the cell is to-be-detected according to the sampling point data of the cell and the working parameters of the cell comprises the following steps:
screening the sampling point data of the cell according to the working parameters of the cell to obtain the sampling point data in the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe of the cell;
normalizing the received signal strength of the sampled sampling points of the cell;
and determining whether the cell is to-be-detected according to the normalized actual received signal strength of each sampling point data of the cell and the horizontal antenna gain corresponding to each sampling point, wherein the horizontal antenna gain is determined according to a preset performance value of an antenna of the cell to which the sampling point data belongs.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the sample point data comprises longitude and latitude of sample points, and wherein the parameters for the cell comprise: the determining whether the cell is a cell to be detected further includes:
determining the azimuth angle phi (j) of each sampling point data of the cell relative to the cell according to the longitude and latitude of the cell and the longitude and latitude of each sampling point,wherein j is any sampling point of the cell, E (j) is the longitude of the j sampling point, N (j) is the latitude of the j sampling point, E is the longitude of the cell, and N is the latitude of the cell;
according to the azimuth angle of each sampling point data relative to the cell, filtering the normalized received signal strength of the sampling point data in the same azimuth angle direction to determine a first actual received signal strength in the azimuth angle direction;
the determining whether the cell is a cell to be detected specifically includes:
and determining whether the cell is a cell to be detected according to the first actual received signal strength of the cell in each azimuth direction and the antenna gain of the cell in the horizontal direction in the azimuth direction.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein prior to determining whether the cell is a cell to be detected, further comprising:
determining a first actual received signal strength difference value of the cell and each co-sited cell of the cell in each azimuth direction according to a first actual received signal strength of the cell in each azimuth direction and a first actual received signal strength of each co-sited cell of the cell in the azimuth direction, wherein the co-sited cell of the cell is a cell of a base station which belongs to the same base station as the cell;
determining a horizontal antenna gain difference value of each co-located cell of the cell and the cell in each azimuth direction according to the horizontal antenna gain of the cell in each azimuth direction and the horizontal antenna gain of each co-located cell of the cell in the azimuth direction;
the determining whether the cell is a cell to be detected specifically includes:
and determining whether the cell is a cell to be detected according to the difference value of the first actual received signal strength of the cell and each co-located cell of the cell in each azimuth direction and the difference value of the antenna gain in the horizontal direction.
4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sample point data comprises latitude and longitude of sample points, and the parameters for the cell comprise: the method comprises the following steps of screening sampling point data of a cell, wherein the longitude and latitude of the cell, the vertical half-power angle of an antenna of the cell, the hanging height of the antenna of the cell and the downward inclination angle of the antenna of the cell specifically comprise the following steps:
determining the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe of the cell according to the antenna downward inclination angle, the vertical half-power angle and the antenna hanging height of the cell;
determining the distance between each sampling point and the cell according to the longitude and latitude of the cell and the longitude and latitude of each sampling point;
and determining the sampling points within the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe of the cell according to the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe of the cell and the distance between each sampling point and the cell.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the determining the antenna main lobe coverage distance range of the cell is specifically:
determining the lower limit of the coverage distance of the main lobe of the antenna according to the antenna downward inclination angle, the vertical half-power angle, the antenna hanging height and the positioning precision information of the cell:where θ represents the antenna downtilt angle of the cell, α represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the cell, H represents the antenna hangup of the cell, L represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the cellminRepresenting a minimum coverage distance of the antenna determined according to the positioning accuracy information;
determining an upper limit of an antenna main lobe coverage distance according to the antenna downward inclination angle, the vertical half-power angle, the antenna hanging height, the signal path loss and the overlapping coverage information among the antennas of the cell:wherein L ismaxWhich represents the maximum coverage distance of the antenna determined according to the path loss of the signal and the overlapping coverage information between the antennas.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the parameters for the cell comprise: the main frequency transmitting power and the combining loss, the sampling point data comprises the longitude and latitude of the sampling point, and the working parameters of the cell comprise: the normalization processing is performed on the received signal of the sampled sampling point data of the cell, and specifically comprises the following steps:
determining a received signal strength normalization value Rxlev (j') of each sampled point data of the cell after screening according to the working parameters of the cell and the working parameters of the co-located cell of the cell:
<mrow> <mi>R</mi> <mi>x</mi> <mi>l</mi> <mi>e</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msup> <mi>j</mi> <mo>&prime;</mo> </msup> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mi>x</mi> <mi>l</mi> <mi>e</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msup> <mi>j</mi> <mo>&prime;</mo> </msup> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mn>20</mn> <mi>lg</mi> <mfrac> <mroot> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>E</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>e</mi> <mo>(</mo> <msup> <mi>j</mi> <mo>&prime;</mo> </msup> <mo>)</mo> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo>(</mo> <msup> <mi>j</mi> <mo>&prime;</mo> </msup> <mo>)</mo> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mroot> <mrow> <mi>max</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>H</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>&theta;</mi> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>&alpha;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>,</mo> <mo>...</mo> <mo>,</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>H</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>tan</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>&theta;</mi> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>&alpha;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>,</mo> <mo>...</mo> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>+</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>C</mi> <mi>L</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mi>w</mi> <mi>r</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>C</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>m</mi> <mi>b</mi> <mi>L</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>s</mi> <mi>s</mi> </mrow>，
wherein j 'is any one of the screened sampling points of the cell, E is the longitude of the cell, N is the latitude of the cell, E (j') is the longitude of the jth sampling point, N (j ') is the latitude of the jth sampling point, rxlev (j') is the received signal intensity value of the jth sampling point data, i is any cell under the base station to which the cell belongs, theta (i) represents the antenna downward inclination angle of the ith cell, α (i) represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the ith cell, H (i) represents the antenna hanging height of the ith cell, theta (1) represents the antenna downward inclination angle of the 1 st cell, α (1) represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the 1 st cell, H (1) represents the antenna hanging height of the 1 st cell, and L (1) represents the antenna hanging height of the 1 st cellminAnd the minimum coverage distance of the antenna determined according to the positioning precision information is represented, BP is a preset value of the main frequency transmitting power of the antenna, CL is a preset value of the combining loss of the antenna, BchPwr is the main frequency transmitting power of the antenna of the cell, and ComLoss is the combining loss of the antenna of the cell.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein the sample point data includes a signal-to-noise ratio at the sample point, the filtering comprising: a weighted average filtering method, an enhanced weighted average filtering method, wherein,
when the filtering method is a weighted average filtering method, the first actual received signal strength in an azimuth angle phi direction is:
wherein j ' represents any one of the screened sampling points of the cell in the direction of the azimuth phi, Rxlev (j ') represents the received signal strength of the j ' th sampling point, SNR (j ') represents the signal-to-noise ratio of the j ' th sampling point, and SNRmaxRepresents the maximum value of the signal-to-noise ratio of all the sampled points of the cell in the direction of the azimuth angle phi after screening, Rxlev (SNR)max) The signal receiving strength and SNR of the sampling point with the maximum signal-to-noise ratio in the screened sampling points in the azimuth phi direction of the cell are representedminThe minimum value of the signal-to-noise ratios of all the sampling points of the cell after being screened in the direction of the azimuth angle phi is represented, and P represents that the signal-to-noise ratio of the sampling points of the cell after being screened in the direction of the azimuth angle phi is larger than the SNRminX% represents a preset highest signal-to-noise ratio weight value;
when the filtering mode is the enhanced weighted average filtering mode, the first actual received signal strength in an azimuth angle phi direction is:
wherein, RxlevmaxRepresenting the maximum value of the received signal strength of all the sampled points of the cell in the azimuth phi direction after screening, RxlevminThe minimum value of the received signal strength of all the sampling points of the cell after being screened in the direction of the azimuth phi is represented, Q represents that the received signal strength of the cell in the sampling points after being screened in the direction of the azimuth phi is larger than RxlevminY% represents a preset maximum received signal strength weight value, A represents a preset signal-to-noise ratio weight value, and B represents a preset received signal strength weight valueAnd a + B is 1.
8. The method according to claim 3, wherein said determining whether the cell is a cell to be detected according to a difference between the first actual received signal strength in each azimuth direction and the antenna gain in the horizontal direction of the cell and each co-sited cell of the cells comprises:
dividing a main lobe coverage distance range of the cell antenna into a plurality of regions with angle ranges as first angles according to a preset first angle;
determining a deviation between a first actual received signal strength difference value and a horizontal direction antenna gain difference value of the cell in each azimuth direction of each region and each co-sited cell of the cell according to a difference value between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the horizontal direction antenna gain difference value of the cell in each azimuth direction of each region and each co-sited cell of the cell;
determining an average value of deviations of first actual received signal strength difference values and horizontal direction antenna gain difference values of the cell of each region and each co-located cell of the cell according to deviations of the first actual received signal strength difference values and the horizontal direction antenna gain difference values of the cell of each azimuth direction and each co-located cell of the cell in each region, wherein the average value of the deviations of the first actual received signal strength difference values and the horizontal direction antenna gain difference values of the cell of each region and each co-located cell of the cell is an average value of the deviations of the first actual received signal strength difference values and the horizontal direction antenna gain difference values of the cell of all azimuth directions and each co-located cell of the cell in the region;
judging whether the average value of the deviation between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the antenna gain difference value in the horizontal direction of the cell in any one region and each co-located cell of the cells exceeds a first preset signal strength value or not;
judging whether the average value of the deviation between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the antenna gain difference value in the horizontal direction of the cell in any region and any co-located cell of the cell exceeds a second preset signal strength value or not;
when the average value of the deviation between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the antenna gain difference value in the horizontal direction of the cell in a region and each co-sited cell of the cells exceeds a first preset signal strength value,
or the average value of the deviation between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the antenna gain difference value in the horizontal direction of the cell and any co-located cell of the cell in a region exceeds a second preset signal strength value, and the cell is determined to be the cell to be detected.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein before determining the cell whose antenna performance does not meet a preset performance value based on the actual antenna lobe pattern of each cell to be detected, further comprising:
acquiring wireless environment information of each cell to be detected, wherein the wireless environment information of the cell is information of obstacles related to wireless signal propagation in the cell;
and determining the cells with the antenna performance not meeting the preset performance value according to the actual antenna lobe graph of each cell to be detected, specifically:
and determining the cells with the antenna performance not conforming to the preset performance value according to the actual antenna lobe pattern and the wireless environment information of each cell to be detected.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein said determining whether the cell to be detected is a cell whose antenna performance does not meet a preset performance value according to the actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected is specifically:
acquiring the actual performance of the antenna of the cell to be detected according to the actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected, wherein the actual performance of the antenna comprises the following steps: actual average received signal strength of a cell to which the antenna belongs, actual direction angle of the antenna, actual antenna front-to-back ratio of the antenna, actual horizontal directivity coefficient of the antenna, and actual maximum received signal strength of the antenna;
obtaining the preset performance of the antenna, wherein the preset performance of the antenna comprises the following steps: the average gain in the preset horizontal direction of the cell to which the antenna belongs, the preset direction angle of the antenna, the preset antenna front-to-back ratio of the antenna, the preset horizontal directivity coefficient of the antenna and the preset maximum received signal strength of the antenna;
and determining whether the cell to be detected is a cell of which the antenna performance does not accord with a preset performance value according to the actual performance and the preset performance of the antenna.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the method for obtaining the actual average received signal strength of the cell to which the antenna belongs comprises:
dividing an actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected into a plurality of regions with the angle ranges as second angles according to a preset second angle;
determining an actual average received signal strength for each region;
the method for obtaining the average gain of the cell to which the antenna belongs in the preset horizontal direction comprises the following steps:
acquiring an ideal antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected according to the parameters of the antenna;
dividing an ideal antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected into a plurality of regions with the angle range as a second angle according to a preset second angle;
determining the average gain of each area in the preset horizontal direction;
the method for judging whether the antenna performance of the cell to be detected does not accord with a preset performance value according to the actual average received signal strength and the preset horizontal direction average gain of the cell to which the antenna belongs specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring the difference value of the actual average received signal strength of every two adjacent areas and the difference value of the average gain in the preset horizontal direction;
acquiring the average value of the difference values of the actual average received signal strengths of all adjacent areas and the average value of the difference values of the average gains in the preset horizontal direction;
determining the deviation of the difference value of the actual average received signal strength of every two adjacent areas and the average gain difference value in the preset horizontal direction;
judging whether the difference value of the actual average received signal strength of any two adjacent areas and the difference value of the average gain in the preset horizontal direction exceed a third preset value or not;
judging whether the deviation of the average value of the difference values of the actual average received signal strength and the average value of the difference values of the average gains in the preset horizontal direction exceeds a fourth preset value or not;
when there is a deviation of the difference between the actual average received signal strengths of the two neighboring areas from the preset horizontal direction average gain difference exceeding a third preset value,
or when the deviation of the average value of the difference value of the actual average received signal strength and the average value of the difference value of the preset horizontal direction average gain exceeds a fourth preset value, judging that the internal structure of the antenna of the cell has a fault.
12. The method of claim 10, wherein the actual directive angle of the antenna is obtained by:
dividing the actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected into a plurality of areas with the angle range of the preset third angle according to the preset third angle and the preset fourth angle, wherein the difference value of the initial angle of each area is the preset fourth angle;
determining the actual average received signal strength of each region according to the actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected;
acquiring the maximum actual average received signal strength in the actual average received signal strengths of all the areas;
and determining the azimuth angle corresponding to the direction of the central angle of the area corresponding to the maximum actual average received signal strength as the actual direction angle of the antenna.
13. A cell antenna performance analysis device based on an antenna lobe pattern is characterized by comprising:
the first determining module is used for determining the cell to be detected according to the relevant data and parameter information of all cells in the area to be analyzed;
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring the data acquired by each cell to be detected according to the data acquisition scheme matched with each cell to be detected;
a first generation module, configured to generate an actual antenna lobe pattern for each cell to be detected according to the acquired data;
a second determining module, configured to determine, according to the actual antenna lobe pattern of each cell to be detected, a cell whose antenna performance does not meet a preset performance value, so as to adjust the antenna performance of the cell whose antenna performance does not meet the preset performance value;
the relevant data of the cell comprises frequency sweep data and drive test data of the cell, and the first determining module comprises:
the first acquisition submodule is used for acquiring sampling point data of each cell from the sweep frequency data and the drive test data of all cells in the area to be analyzed;
the second acquisition submodule is used for acquiring the working parameters of each cell from the parameter information of all cells in the area to be analyzed, and the acquisition time of the working parameters of each cell is matched with the acquisition time of the sweep frequency data and the drive test data of each cell;
the first determining submodule is used for determining the cell to be detected according to the sampling point data of each cell and the working parameters of each cell;
the sample data comprises received signal strengths of the samples, and the first determining sub-module comprises:
the screening unit is used for screening the sampling point data of the cell according to the working parameters of the cell so as to obtain the sampling point data in the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe of the cell;
the first processing unit is used for carrying out normalization processing on the received signal intensity of the screened sampling point data of the cell;
the first determining unit is used for determining whether the cell is the cell to be detected according to the normalized received signal strength of each sampling point data of the cell and the horizontal antenna gain corresponding to each sampling point, wherein the horizontal antenna gain is determined according to a preset performance value of an antenna of the cell to which the sampling point data belongs.
14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the sample point data comprises longitude and latitude of sample points, and wherein the parameters for the cell comprise: the longitude and latitude of the cell, the first determining submodule further includes:
a second determining unit, configured to determine an azimuth angle phi (j) of each sampling point data of the cell relative to the cell according to the longitude and latitude of the cell and the longitude and latitude of each sampling point,wherein j is any sampling point in the cell, E (j) is the longitude of the j-th sampling point, N (j) is the latitude of the j-th sampling point, E is the longitude of the cell, and N is the latitude of the cell;
the second processing unit is used for carrying out filtering processing on the normalized received signal strength of the sampling point data in the same azimuth direction according to the azimuth angle of each sampling point data relative to the cell so as to determine the first actual received signal strength in the azimuth direction;
the first determining unit is further configured to determine whether the cell is a cell to be detected according to a first actual received signal strength of the cell in each azimuth direction and a horizontal antenna gain of the cell in the azimuth direction.
15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the first determination submodule further comprises:
a third determining unit, configured to determine, according to a first actual received signal strength of the cell in each azimuth direction and a first actual received signal strength of each co-located cell of the cell in the azimuth direction, a first actual received signal strength difference value of each azimuth direction between the cell and each co-located cell of the cell;
a fourth determining unit, configured to determine, according to a horizontal antenna gain of the cell in each azimuth direction and a horizontal antenna gain of each co-located cell of the cell in the azimuth direction, a horizontal antenna gain difference of the cell and each co-located cell of the cell in each azimuth direction;
the first determining unit is further configured to determine whether the cell is a cell to be detected according to a difference between the first actual received signal strength in each azimuth direction and a difference between the antenna gain in the horizontal direction of each co-located cell of the cells.
16. The apparatus of any one of claims 13-15, the sample point data comprising a latitude and longitude of a sample point, the parameters of the cell comprising: the longitude and latitude of district, the perpendicular half-power angle of antenna of district, the antenna of district hangs high and the antenna downward inclination of district, its characterized in that, the screening unit includes:
the first determining subunit is used for determining the coverage distance range of the antenna main lobe of the cell according to the antenna downward inclination angle, the vertical half-power angle and the antenna hanging height of the cell;
the second determining subunit is used for determining the distance between each sampling point and the cell according to the longitude and latitude of the cell and the longitude and latitude of the data of each sampling point;
and the third determining subunit is configured to determine, according to the antenna main lobe coverage distance range of the cell and the distance between each sampling point and the cell, a sampling point within the antenna main lobe coverage distance range of the cell.
17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the first determining subunit comprises:
an eleventh determining subunit configured to determine the cell according to the cellDetermining antenna main lobe coverage distance lower limit, wherein the antenna downward inclination angle, vertical half-power angle, antenna hanging height and positioning accuracy information are as follows:where θ represents the antenna downtilt angle of the cell, α represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the cell, H represents the antenna hangup of the cell, L represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the cellminRepresenting a minimum coverage distance of the antenna determined according to the positioning accuracy information;
a twelfth determining subunit, configured to determine, according to the antenna downtilt angle, the vertical half-power angle, the antenna overhead, the path loss of the signal, and the overlapping coverage information between the antennas of the cell, an upper limit of the antenna main lobe coverage distance:wherein L ismaxWhich represents the maximum coverage distance of the antenna determined according to the path loss of the signal and the overlapping coverage information between the antennas.
18. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the parameters for the cell comprise: the main frequency transmitting power and the combining loss, the sampling point data comprises the longitude and latitude of the sampling point, and the working parameters of the cell comprise: the longitude and latitude of district, the antenna vertical half power angle of district, the antenna of district hangs high and the antenna downtilt angle of district, first processing unit includes:
a fourth determining subunit, configured to determine, according to the antenna parameter of the cell and the antenna parameter of the cell in the same station as the cell, a normalized value Rxlev (j') of the received signal of each sampled point data of the screened cell:
<mrow> <mi>R</mi> <mi>x</mi> <mi>l</mi> <mi>e</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msup> <mi>j</mi> <mo>&prime;</mo> </msup> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mi>x</mi> <mi>l</mi> <mi>e</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msup> <mi>j</mi> <mo>&prime;</mo> </msup> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mn>20</mn> <mi>lg</mi> <mfrac> <mroot> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>E</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>e</mi> <mo>(</mo> <msup> <mi>j</mi> <mo>&prime;</mo> </msup> <mo>)</mo> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo>(</mo> <msup> <mi>j</mi> <mo>&prime;</mo> </msup> <mo>)</mo> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mroot> <mrow> <mi>max</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>H</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>&theta;</mi> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>&alpha;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>,</mo> <mo>...</mo> <mo>,</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>H</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>tan</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>&theta;</mi> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>&alpha;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>,</mo> <mo>...</mo> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>+</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>C</mi> <mi>L</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mi>w</mi> <mi>r</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>C</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>m</mi> <mi>b</mi> <mi>L</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>s</mi> <mi>s</mi> </mrow>，
wherein j 'is any one of the screened sampling points of the cell, E is the longitude of the cell, N is the latitude of the cell, E (j') is the longitude of the jth sampling point, N (j ') is the latitude of the jth sampling point, rxlev (j') is the received signal value of the jth sampling point data, i is any cell under the base station to which the cell belongs, θ (i) represents the antenna downward inclination angle of the ith cell, α (i) represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the ith cell, H (i) represents the antenna hanging height of the ith cell, θ (1) represents the antenna downward inclination angle of the 1 st cell, α (1) represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the 1 st cell, and H (1) represents the antenna vertical half-power angle of the 1 st cellHeight of antenna hanging, LminAnd the minimum coverage distance of the antenna determined according to the positioning precision information is represented, BP is a preset value of the main frequency transmitting power of the antenna, CL is a preset value of the combining loss of the antenna, BchPwr is the main frequency transmitting power of the antenna of the cell, and ComLoss is the combining loss of the antenna of the cell.
19. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the first determining unit comprises:
the first dividing unit is used for dividing a main lobe coverage distance range of the cell antenna into a plurality of regions with angle ranges as first angles according to a preset first angle;
a sixth determining subunit, configured to determine, according to a difference between a first actual received signal strength of each azimuth direction cell in each region and a first actual received signal strength of each co-located cell of the cell, and a difference between a horizontal antenna gain, a deviation between a first actual received signal strength difference of each azimuth direction cell of the each region and a first actual received signal strength difference of each co-located cell of the cell, and a horizontal antenna gain difference;
a seventh determining subunit, configured to determine, according to a deviation between a first actual received signal strength difference value and a horizontal antenna gain difference value of each co-located cell of the cell and the cell in each azimuth direction in each region, an average value of deviations between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the horizontal antenna gain difference value of each co-located cell of the cell and the cell in each region, where the average value of deviations between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the horizontal antenna gain difference value of each co-located cell of the cell and the cell in each region is an average value of deviations between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the horizontal antenna gain difference value of each co-located cell of the cell and the cell in all azimuth directions in the region;
a first determining subunit, configured to determine whether an average value of deviations between a first actual received signal strength difference and a horizontal antenna gain difference of each of the cells and each of co-located cells in the cell in any one of the regions exceeds a first preset signal strength value;
a second judging subunit, configured to judge whether an average value of deviations between a first actual received signal strength difference and a horizontal antenna gain difference of the cell in any one of the regions and the cell in the same station as the cell exceeds a second preset signal strength value;
an eighth determining subunit, configured to determine whether the average of the deviations between the first actual received signal strength difference and the horizontal antenna gain difference of each co-located cell of the cells in a region exceeds a first preset signal strength value,
or when the average value of the deviation between the first actual received signal strength difference value and the antenna gain difference value in the horizontal direction of the cell and any one co-located cell of the cells in one area exceeds a second preset signal strength value, determining the cell to be detected.
20. The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising:
a second obtaining module, configured to obtain wireless environment information of each cell to be detected, where the wireless environment information of the cell is information of an obstacle related to wireless signal propagation in the cell;
the second determining module is further configured to determine, according to the actual antenna lobe pattern and the wireless environment information of each cell to be detected, a cell whose antenna performance does not meet a preset performance value.
21. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the second determining module comprises:
a third obtaining sub-module, configured to obtain, according to the actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected, actual performance of the antenna of the cell to be detected, where the actual performance of the antenna includes: actual average received signal strength of a cell to which the antenna belongs, actual direction angle of the antenna, actual antenna front-to-back ratio of the antenna, actual horizontal directivity coefficient of the antenna, and actual maximum received signal strength of the antenna;
a fourth obtaining submodule, configured to obtain a preset performance of the antenna, where the preset performance of the antenna includes: the average gain in the preset horizontal direction of the cell to which the antenna belongs, the preset direction angle of the antenna, the preset antenna front-to-back ratio of the antenna, the preset horizontal directivity coefficient of the antenna and the preset maximum received signal strength of the antenna;
and the second determining submodule is used for determining whether the cell to be detected is a cell of which the antenna performance does not accord with the preset performance value according to the actual performance and the preset performance of the antenna.
22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the third acquisition submodule comprises:
the first dividing unit is used for dividing the actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected into a plurality of areas with the angle ranges as second angles according to a preset second angle;
a fifth determining unit for determining an actual average received signal strength of each region;
the fourth obtaining sub-module includes:
a first obtaining unit, configured to obtain an ideal antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected according to the parameter of the antenna;
the second dividing unit is used for dividing the ideal antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected into a plurality of areas with the angle ranges as second angles according to a preset second angle;
a sixth determining unit configured to determine a preset horizontal direction average gain for each region;
the second determination submodule includes:
the second acquisition unit is used for acquiring the difference value of the actual average received signal strength of every two adjacent areas and the difference value of the average gain in the preset horizontal direction;
a third obtaining unit, configured to obtain an average value of difference values of actual average received signal strengths of all neighboring areas and an average value of difference values of preset horizontal direction average gains;
a seventh determining unit, configured to determine a deviation between a difference between actual average received signal strengths of every two adjacent areas and a preset horizontal direction average gain difference;
an eighth determining unit, configured to determine whether a difference between actual average received signal strengths of any two neighboring areas and a preset horizontal average gain difference exceeds a third preset value;
a first judging unit, configured to judge whether a deviation between an average value of the difference values of the actual average received signal strengths and an average value of difference values of a preset horizontal-direction average gain exceeds a fourth preset value;
and the first judging unit is used for judging that the internal structure of the antenna of the cell is in fault when the deviation of the difference value of the actual average received signal strength of two adjacent areas and the difference value of the average gain in the preset horizontal direction exceeds a third preset value or the deviation of the average value of the difference value of the actual average received signal strength and the average value of the difference value of the average gain in the preset horizontal direction exceeds a fourth preset value.
23. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the third acquisition submodule comprises:
a third dividing unit, configured to divide an actual antenna lobe pattern of the cell to be detected into a plurality of regions with a preset third angle range according to a preset third angle, where a difference value of an initial angle of each region is a preset fourth angle;
a ninth determining unit for determining an actual average received signal strength of each area;
a fourth acquiring unit configured to acquire a maximum actual average received signal strength among the actual average received signal strengths of all the regions;
a tenth determining unit, configured to determine that an azimuth angle corresponding to the direction of the center angle of the area corresponding to the maximum actual average received signal strength is the actual direction angle of the antenna.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| CN106707041B (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2019-05-14 | 中国移动通信集团广东有限公司 | A kind of antenna performance analysis method and device based on frequency sweep data |
| CN107229763A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2017-10-03 | 中国移动通信集团福建有限公司 | Based on the antenna design method and its device fought each other between building |
| CN107276691B (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2020-09-18 | 中国移动通信集团广东有限公司 | Method and device for determining direction angle of antenna |
| CN107318122B (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2020-01-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | Device for obtaining frequency difference amplitude spectrogram, fault positioning system and antenna system |
| CN107343291B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2021-11-12 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Antenna feeder system detection method, device and base station |
| CN108024262B (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2021-07-30 | 中国移动通信集团广东有限公司 | Double-flow fault analysis processing method and server |
| CN106550386B (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2019-05-14 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | A kind of detection method and device of antenna-feeder system |
| CN108271166B (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2021-09-03 | 中国移动通信集团河北有限公司 | Coverage optimization method and device for communication network |
| CN110958056B (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2022-01-25 | 中国移动通信集团设计院有限公司 | Antenna identification method and device |
| US11112484B2 (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2021-09-07 | Nanning Fugui Precision Industrial Co., Ltd. | System and method for establishing relative distance and position of a transmitting antenna |
| CN111579748A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-08-25 | 大连理工大学 | Metal material performance parameter measuring device and method |
| CN113109631B (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2023-02-17 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Method and device for determining radiation detection area of base station |
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| CN103517285A (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2014-01-15 | 中国移动通信集团广东有限公司 | Method and system for coverage performance evaluation of antenna |
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