CN102624467B - Method for testing gain to noise temperature (G/T) value (ground station quality factor) of ground station by using dual-station common-view comparative method - Google Patents

Method for testing gain to noise temperature (G/T) value (ground station quality factor) of ground station by using dual-station common-view comparative method Download PDF

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CN102624467B
CN102624467B CN201110245424.0A CN201110245424A CN102624467B CN 102624467 B CN102624467 B CN 102624467B CN 201110245424 A CN201110245424 A CN 201110245424A CN 102624467 B CN102624467 B CN 102624467B
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CN102624467A (en
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柴霖
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CETC 10 Research Institute
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for testing a gain to noise temperature (G/T) value (a ground station quality factor) of a ground station by using a dual-station common-view comparative method, and aims to provide a G/T value testing method which is simple, convenient and reliable for operation, enables the measurement to be accurate, is independent of a calibration tower and has no restrictions on the aperture and frequency band of an antenna of the tested station. The method is realized through the following technical scheme: firstly, a reference station of which the G/T value is accurately known and the frequency band is the same as the tested station is selected; afterwards, under a common-view condition of the same satellite, signal to noise spectral density ratios (signal to noise ratios) S/Phi of the tested station and the reference station are respectively tested; and finally, the G/T value of the tested station is obtained by using the difference between the S/Phi of the two stations plus the deference of free space losses of the two stations. The method provided by the invention completely gets rid of the dependence on the calibration tower or a radio star in the prior method, and has no restrictions on the aperture and the working frequency band of the antenna the ground station.

Description

The method of two stations common-view mode test G/T of ground station value
Technical field
The present invention relates in a kind of Spacecraft TT&C, satellite communication field the figure of merit of satellite earth station (G/T value, noise-temperature ratio gains) two stations common-view mode method of testing.Here " ground station " comprises earth-fixed station, vehicle-mounted station, Ship Station.
Background technology
The figure of merit of satellite earth station (G/T value) is to weigh the important indicator of ground station's performance of receiving system, is the mandatory test event that checking was checked and accepted, networked to earth station system.G/T value is larger, and antenna reception gain G is higher, and T is lower for receiving system noise equivalent temperature, represents that system receiving sensitivity is higher, and receivable amount of information is larger.The existing G/T of ground station value method of testing is mainly three kinds:
The one, on calibration tower, place signal source, beacon antenna and joint-trial cable, earth station antenna, to tower, receives the signal issuing on tower, utilizes frequency spectrograph to measure the intensity that receives signal, obtains the school tower method of system G/T value by link calculation.
The 2nd, there is tower without tower Comparison Method, first with there being tower method to measure G/T| there is towerwith corresponding signal noise spectrum density ratio (signal to noise ratio) S/ Φ | there is tower, and then the power output P while recording identical S/ Φ by offset-fed wireless closed-loop 0and the pad value ATT of zero calibration frequency converter 0.during each employing Comparison Method test later, the P of former record is set 0aTT 0, test current S/ Φ value, the S/ Φ when having tower | there is towercomparison, the variation of S/ Φ is exactly the variation of G/T value.
The 3rd, by earth station antenna, aim at respectively radio source and cold sky, measure noise power ratio S/ Φ, both compare, and obtain Y factor, calculate the radio star method of G/T value.
There is following shortcoming in above-mentioned prior art:
The one, complex operation.Calibration tower method is tested at every turn and need to manually signal source be carried on calibration tower, and operational antennas is to tower, sets up the wireless link to tower, and link that test relates to is more, complex steps;
The 2nd, be limited to calibration tower condition.Calibration tower method and have tower all to using calibration tower as precondition without tower Comparison Method, if calibration tower does not meet far field condition (as antenna aperture is too large or frequency range is too high, conventionally cannot meet far field condition) or just there is no tower at all, cannot implement test;
The 3rd, be limited to radio star flux density.The radio star flux density that ground station receives must be greater than earth station system noise 2dB～3dB, otherwise Y factor is too little, and measure error is excessive, and test result is insincere.Y factor≤1 o'clock, cannot test.The ground station little for antenna aperture or frequency range is high, radio star flux density, often lower than earth station system noise, now cannot adopt the method.
While not having calibration tower or calibration tower not to meet far field condition in this locality, simultaneously, because frequency range is high or antenna aperture is little and can not adopt in radio star method situation, existing method all cannot complete G/T value and test.Particularly, newly-built high band earth station system is perplexed by this deeply in recent years.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned scarce limit of existing method of testing, improve test convenience, realize the G/T value test of high band earth station system, the invention provides a kind of calibration tower and radio star of not relying on, to the not restriction of antenna aperture and working frequency range, easy and simple to handle reliable, measure accurate G/T value method of testing.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention can reach by following measures.First, select a G/T value accurately known, with by the identical reference station of survey station frequency range; Then, under to same satellite common vision condition, measure respectively by signal noise spectrum density ratio (signal to noise ratio) the S/ Φ of survey station and reference station.Finally, by the difference of two station S/ Φ, add the poor of two station free-space losses, can obtain by the G/T value of survey station.
The present invention compared to existing technology beneficial effect of method is:
The present invention utilizes the known station of arbitrary G/T value as with reference to station, and by survey station, is tested the signal to noise ratio S/ Φ that looks altogether downward signal of satellite simultaneously, and the difference by two station S/ Φ relatively and free-space loss poor obtains by the G/T value of survey station.Thoroughly broken away from the dependence of existing method to calibration tower or radio star, without any restriction, easy and simple to handle reliable to earth station antenna bore and working frequency range, measure accurately.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, this method is described further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the two station of the present invention common-view mode test G/T of ground station value equipment connection block diagram.
Embodiment
Consult Fig. 1, in the G/T value testing equipment of describing at Fig. 1, the working equipment that antenna, down channel, descending intermediate frequency switch matrix are ground station, Test Switchboard network, frequency spectrograph are ground station's supporting test calibration equipment.When test G/T value, the radiofrequency signal that satellite issues enters down channel by antenna reception, down channel completes after down-conversion, filtering processing radiofrequency signal, be converted to intermediate frequency 70MHz signal and enter descending intermediate frequency switch matrix, send into again the Test Switchboard network of automatic test subsystem, through network switching signal, enter frequency spectrograph, by frequency spectrograph, read the signal to noise ratio S/ Φ that receives signal, carry out the test of G/T value.
First, select a G/T value accurately known, with by the identical ground station of survey station frequency range station for referencial use, reference station be located at this locality or other places all can, and the condition that meets and looked altogether satellite by survey station.Depending on satellite, should there be the downstream signals such as tested frequency range beacon altogether.Then, two stations are tested the signal to noise ratio S/ Φ depending on downward signal of satellite altogether simultaneously; Finally, the difference of two station signal to noise ratios adds the poor of two station free-space losses, is the poor of G/T value, thereby obtains by the G/T value of survey station.
G/T value can be calculated by following formula:
G/T| tested=G/T| reference+ (S/ Φ | tested-S/ Φ | reference)+(L sp| tested-L sp| reference)
In formula: G/T| testedfor by the G/T of survey station;
G/T| referenceg/T for reference station;
S/ Φ | testedfor the S/ Φ by survey station;
S/ Φ | references/ Φ for reference station;
L sp| testedfor from satellite to by the free-space loss of survey station;
L sp| referencefor the free-space loss from satellite to reference station;
Lsp＝20lgF(MHz)+20lgR(km)+32.44；
F is test frequency, and unit is MHz;
R is space length, and unit is km.
If reference station and tested same place, the L of standing in sp| tested=L sp| reference, ignore the poor of two station free-space losses.
G/T value test concrete steps are:
A) by survey station sky, watched feedback subsystem and start satellite tracking program, the satellite that its beam position is selected; Meanwhile, reference station sky is watched feedback subsystem and is started satellite tracking program, makes same satellite of its beam position;
B) tested station automatic test subsystem frequency spectrograph reads the S/ Φ that receives signal | tested, reference station reads S/ Φ simultaneously | reference;
C) artificial or by automatic test computer, according to S/ Φ obtained above | testedwith S/ Φ | reference, calculate by survey station G/T value:
G/T| tested=G/T| reference+ (S/ Φ | tested-S/ Φ | reference)+(L sp| tested-L sp| reference).

Claims (4)

1. a method for the two station common-view modes test G/T of ground station values, is characterized in that following steps: first, select a G/T value accurately known, with by the identical reference station of survey station frequency range; Then, under to same satellite common vision condition, measure respectively by signal noise spectrum density ratio (signal to noise ratio) the S/ Φ of survey station and reference station, last, by the difference of two station S/ Φ, add the poor of two station free-space losses, obtain by the G/T value of survey station, i.e. G/T| tested=G/T| reference+ (S/ Φ | tested-S/ Φ | reference)+(L sp| tested-L sp| reference)
In formula: G/T| testedfor by the G/T of survey station;
G/T| referenceg/T for reference station;
S/ Φ | testedfor the S/ Φ by survey station;
S/ Φ | references/ Φ for reference station;
L sp| testedfor from satellite to by the free-space loss of survey station;
L sp| referencefor the free-space loss from satellite to reference station;
Lsp=20lgF(MHz)+20lgR(km)+32.44；
F is test frequency, and unit is MHz;
R is space length, and unit is km.
2. the method for the two station common-view mode test G/T of ground station values according to claim 1, is characterized in that, G/T value testing procedure is:
A) by survey station sky, watched feedback subsystem and start satellite tracking program, the satellite that its beam position is selected; Meanwhile, reference station sky is watched feedback subsystem and is started satellite tracking program, makes same satellite of its beam position;
B) tested station automatic test subsystem frequency spectrograph reads the S/ Φ that receives signal | tested, reference station reads S/ Φ simultaneously | reference;
C) artificial or by automatic test computer, according to S/ Φ obtained above | testedwith S/ Φ | reference, calculate by survey station G/T value:
G/T| tested=G/T| reference+ (S/ Φ | tested-S/ Φ | reference)+(L sp| tested-L sp| reference).
3. the method for the two station common-view mode test G/T of ground station values according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when reference station be nonlocal station, must consider the poor of the difference of two station signal to noise ratios and two station free-space losses simultaneously, just can reflect the variation of G/T; When reference station is local station, only consider the difference of two station signal to noise ratios.
4. two stations according to claim 1 common-view mode is tested the method for the G/T of ground station values, it is characterized in that, described is comprised by survey station and reference station: the working equipment that antenna, down channel, descending intermediate frequency switch matrix are ground station, and Test Switchboard network, frequency spectrograph are ground station's supporting test calibration equipment; The radiofrequency signal that satellite issues enters down channel by antenna reception, down channel completes after down-conversion, filtering processing radiofrequency signal, be converted to intermediate frequency 70MHz signal and enter descending intermediate frequency switch matrix, send into again the Test Switchboard network of automatic test subsystem, through network switching signal, enter frequency spectrograph, by frequency spectrograph, read the signal to noise ratio S/ Φ that receives signal, carry out the test of G/T value.
CN201110245424.0A 2011-08-25 2011-08-25 Method for testing gain to noise temperature (G/T) value (ground station quality factor) of ground station by using dual-station common-view comparative method Expired - Fee Related CN102624467B (en)

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