CN104835541A - Passive containment cooling and pressure-reducing system - Google Patents
Passive containment cooling and pressure-reducing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104835541A CN104835541A CN201510117275.8A CN201510117275A CN104835541A CN 104835541 A CN104835541 A CN 104835541A CN 201510117275 A CN201510117275 A CN 201510117275A CN 104835541 A CN104835541 A CN 104835541A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/16—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants comprising means for separating liquid and steam
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/18—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C9/00—Emergency protection arrangements structurally associated with the reactor, e.g. safety valves provided with pressure equalisation devices
- G21C9/004—Pressure suppression
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
The invention provides a passive containment cooling and pressure-reducing system. A reactor is arranged in the containment. The system includes a containment pressure-inhibiting sub system and a containment cooling sub system, wherein the containment pressure-inhibiting sub system includes a pressure-inhibiting water tank and a discharge channel arranged in the containment. The containment cooling sub system can be arranged in various structures. The containment cooling sub system and the containment pressure-inhibiting sub system are passive and are free from being driven by external power supplies. In the invention, by means of the passive measurement for reducing vapor amount and reducing gas temperature, the pressure in the containment is reduced, so that not only are functions of early-stage peak clipping and pressure reducing and long-time cooling and pressure reducing satisfied but also the volume of the containment is not necessary to increase, thereby reducing design size of the containment and furthermore reducing cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the security system of nuclear power station, be specifically related to the cooling of a kind of passive containment and depressurizing system.
Background technology
The containment of nuclear power station be the protection public with environment, prevent radioactivity release finally together with physical barrier.Under nuclear power station generation main coolant system cut accident or steam line break accident conditions, the steam of a large amount of High Temperature High Pressure is discharged in containment.According to equation for ideal gases P=nRT/V, when containment volume V remains unchanged, along with the increase of quantity of steam n in containment and the rising of gas temperature T, in containment, pressure P rises rapidly, and this constitutes a serious threat to the integrality of containment.
Under this kind of accident conditions, lost efficacy for preventing containment superpressure, conventional pressurized water reactor of nuclear power plant is provided with active containment spray system, by the cool water shower at containment top, steam condensation can be directly made to reduce rapidly quantity of steam n on the one hand, directly can reduce again the gas temperature T in containment simultaneously, thus fast and effeciently control pressure P in containment, keep the integrality of containment.
Advanced pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant design eliminates the containment spray system needing external power source to drive, and adopts Passive containment cooling system.Its external refrigeration mainly through containment reduces the gas temperature T of containment inside, and indirectly facilitates the natural condensation of steam in containment (reducing quantity of steam n), finally realizes effective control of pressure P in containment.Passive containment cooling system is that containment cools the responsible measures with nuclear power station Decay heat removal system for a long time.But due in containment cooling procedure, there is regular hour delay in the foundation of heat transfer path and the formation of natural condensation, thus spurts fast at steam and can produce obvious pressure peak in early days.From P=nRT/V equation, if make the early stage containment surge pressure of accident lower than limiting design value, when quantity of steam n and temperature T can not effectively reduce, need the volume V by increasing containment, make it have enough steam spatial accommodations, thus reduce pressure P in containment.For this reason, need the size strengthening containment, this not only adds the Design and manufacture difficulty of containment, also make construction cost significantly increase.
Summary of the invention
A kind of passive containment is the object of the present invention is to provide to cool and depressurizing system, it adopts non-active measure directly reduce quantity of steam n and reduce gas temperature T, reach and reduce pressure P in containment, both the function of early stage peak clipping step-down and long-term cooling step-down can have been met, do not need again the volume requirements increasing containment, reduce its design size, thus reduce costs.
A kind of passive containment cooling of the present invention and depressurizing system, arrange reactor in its containment, this system comprises the constrain subsystem of containment and containment cooling subsystem.The constrain subsystem of described containment comprises the constrain water tank be arranged in containment and the discharge-channel passing constrain tank top; Wherein, constrain water tank is an airtight water tank or pond, and the top of constrain water tank is headroom, bottom is water; More discharge-channel organizes passage arranged side by side, and one end of these passages is communicated in the water of constrain water tank, and the other end is communicated with air in containment.Described containment cooling subsystem comprises the outer cooling pond of shell be arranged in above containment outside, is provided with the pipeline to containment top spray in the outer cooling pond of shell.When under nuclear power station generation cut accident conditions, the water in the outer cooling pond of shell under gravity by pipeline from trend containment top spray, and form cooling moisture film at containment top and outside wall surface; This cooling moisture film spontaneous evaporation makes the heat in containment discharge, and the steam simultaneously in containment in internal face condensation, thus makes containment pressure be controlled.
Another kind of passive containment cooling of the present invention and depressurizing system, arrange reactor in its containment, this system comprises the constrain subsystem of containment and containment cooling subsystem.The constrain subsystem of described containment comprises the constrain water tank be arranged in containment and the discharge-channel passing constrain tank top; Wherein, constrain water tank is an airtight water tank or pond, and the top of constrain water tank is headroom, bottom is water; More discharge-channel organizes passage arranged side by side, and one end of these passages is communicated in the water of constrain water tank, and the other end is communicated with air in containment.Described containment cooling subsystem comprises that to be located at containment outer and flood the outer cooling pond of shell of containment.When under nuclear power station generation cut accident conditions, because the temperature in containment raises, in shell, gas is conducted heat to cooling pond outside shell by containment wall automatically, and in shell, steam is in internal face condensation, thus containment pressure is controlled.
Another kind of passive containment cooling of the present invention and depressurizing system, arrange reactor in its containment, this system comprises the constrain subsystem of containment and containment cooling subsystem.The constrain subsystem of described containment comprises the constrain water tank be arranged in containment and the discharge-channel passing constrain tank top; Wherein, constrain water tank is an airtight water tank or pond, and the top of constrain water tank is headroom, bottom is water; More discharge-channel organizes passage arranged side by side, and one end of these passages is communicated in the water of constrain water tank, and the other end is communicated with air in containment.Described containment cooling subsystem comprises the shell inner condenser be arranged in containment, the outer cooling pond of the shell be arranged in outside containment, in the outer cooling pond of shell, be provided with the outer refrigeratory of shell, by pipeline, the outer refrigeratory of shell in outer for shell cooling pond be communicated with the shell inner condenser in containment; Wherein, the layout height of the outer refrigeratory of shell and the outer cooling pond of shell is higher than the layout height of shell inner condenser.When under nuclear power station generation cut accident conditions, because the temperature in containment raises, in shell, gas conducts heat from trend shell inner condenser, the outer refrigeratory of shell connected by pipeline due to shell inner condenser and the position of the outer cooling pond of shell are higher than shell inner condenser, and cause the density difference of heat eliminating medium due to the temperature difference, in cooling circuit, Natural Circulation will be set up gradually, and continue the heat in containment to discharge, thus containment pressure is controlled.
Another kind of passive containment cooling of the present invention and depressurizing system, arrange reactor in its containment, this system comprises the constrain subsystem of containment and containment cooling subsystem.The constrain subsystem of described containment comprises the constrain water tank be arranged in containment and the discharge-channel passing constrain tank top; Wherein, constrain water tank is an airtight water tank or pond, and the top of constrain water tank is headroom, bottom is water; More discharge-channel organizes passage arranged side by side, and one end of these passages is communicated in the water of constrain water tank, and the other end is communicated with air in containment.Described containment cooling subsystem comprises the shell inner condenser be arranged in containment, the outer cooling pond of the shell be arranged in outside containment, is communicated with outer for shell cooling pond by pipeline with the shell inner condenser in containment; Wherein, the layout height of the outer cooling pond of shell is higher than the layout height of shell inner condenser.When under nuclear power station generation cut accident conditions, the water in the outer cooling pond of the shell outside containment directly flows through shell inner condenser, continues the heat in containment to discharge, thus containment pressure is controlled.
Another kind of passive containment cooling of the present invention and depressurizing system, arrange reactor in its containment, this system comprises the constrain subsystem of containment and containment cooling subsystem.The constrain subsystem of described containment comprises the constrain water tank be arranged in containment and the discharge-channel passing constrain tank top; Wherein, constrain water tank is an airtight water tank or pond, and the top of constrain water tank is headroom, bottom is water; More discharge-channel organizes passage arranged side by side, and one end of these passages is communicated in the water of constrain water tank, and the other end is communicated with air in containment.Described containment cooling subsystem comprises the outer cooling pond of shell be arranged in above containment outside, is provided with the outer refrigeratory of shell in the outer cooling pond of shell, and outer for shell refrigeratory is communicated with containment inner top by pipeline.When under nuclear power station generation cut accident conditions, the steam in containment is discharged in the outer refrigeratory of outside shell by pipeline, is cooled by the outer cooling pond of shell, continues the heat in containment to discharge, thus containment pressure is controlled.
Effect of the present invention is:
Passive containment cooling of the present invention and depressurizing system are applied to nuclear power station, even if under generation cut accident conditions, a large amount of steam spurts in containment fast, owing to being provided with the constrain subsystem of containment, gas in containment/vapour potpourri enters the water of constrain water tank from discharge-channel fast, steam is condensed cancellation, thus is effectively controlled at the pressure of the early stage containment of accident; Owing to being provided with containment cooling subsystem, along with the temperature in containment raises, heat in containment is discharged by non-enabling fashions such as Natural Circulation, condensation or evaporations by containment cooling subsystem, and sets up stable heat transfer channel gradually, continues to reduce containment pressure.
A kind of passive containment cooling of the present invention and depressurizing system are applied to nuclear power station, even if at the generation cut accident initial stage, be condensed because steam imports rapidly in constrain water tank, larger Containment free volume can not be needed to carry out a large amount of steam spurted in accommodation accident; Post incident, due to the effect of containment cooling subsystem, the gas temperature of containment inside reduces, and indirectly facilitates the natural condensation of steam in containment, finally realizes the permanently effective control of containment pressure.From equation for ideal gases P=nRT/V, the constrain subsystem of accident initial stage containment is mainly through reducing rapidly quantity of steam n to control pressure P in containment, containment cooling subsystem controls pressure P in containment for a long time mainly through reducing gas temperature T afterwards, and the volume V by increasing containment so can not be needed to reduce containment pressure.Therefore, the design size of containment can reduce, and the construction cost of containment can reduce.
Containment cooling subsystem of the present invention and containment constrain subsystem running right and wrong active, do not need external power source to drive.Even if in generation station blackout accident situation, said system still can implement its function.Therefore, this system can improve the security of nuclear power station.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of passive containment cooling described in embodiment 1 and depressurizing system schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is a kind of passive containment cooling described in embodiment 2 and depressurizing system schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is a kind of passive containment cooling described in embodiment 3 and depressurizing system schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is a kind of passive containment cooling described in embodiment 4 and depressurizing system schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is a kind of passive containment cooling described in embodiment 5 and depressurizing system schematic diagram;
In figure: 1-main pipeline; 2-steam; 3-containment; The constrain subsystem of 4-containment; 5-containment cooling subsystem; 6-reactor; 41-discharge-channel; The constrain water tank of 42-; 43-water; 51-shell inner condenser; 52-pipeline; The outer refrigeratory of 53-shell; The outer cooling pond of 54-shell.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, a kind of passive containment cooling of the present invention and depressurizing system are further described.
A kind of passive containment cooling of the present invention and depressurizing system comprise the constrain subsystem 4 of non-active containment and containment cooling subsystem 5.Wherein, the constrain subsystem of containment 4 comprises the constrain water tank 42 be arranged in containment 3, discharge-channel 41.Containment cooling subsystem 5 has the multiple form of the composition.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, arrange reactor 6 in containment 3, a kind of passive containment cooling of the present invention and depressurizing system comprise the constrain subsystem 4 of containment and containment cooling subsystem 5.
The constrain subsystem of described containment 4 comprises the constrain water tank 42 be arranged in containment 3 and the discharge-channel 41 passing constrain water tank 42 top.Wherein, constrain water tank 42 is an airtight water tank or pond, and the top of constrain water tank 42 is headrooms, bottom is water 43; More discharge-channel 41 organizes passage arranged side by side, and one end of these passages is communicated in the water of constrain water tank 42, and the other end is communicated with air in containment 3.
Described containment cooling subsystem 5 comprises the outer cooling pond 54 of shell being arranged in the outside top of containment 3, is provided with the pipeline 52 to containment top spray in the outer cooling pond 54 of shell.
When under nuclear power station generation cut accident conditions, the water in the outer cooling pond 54 of shell passes through pipeline 52 under gravity from trend containment 3 top spray, and forms cooling moisture film at containment 3 top and outside wall surface; This cooling moisture film spontaneous evaporation makes the heat in containment discharge, and the steam simultaneously in containment in internal face condensation, thus makes containment pressure be controlled.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 2, arrange reactor 6 in containment 3, a kind of passive containment cooling of the present invention and depressurizing system comprise the constrain subsystem 4 of containment and containment cooling subsystem 5.
The constrain subsystem of described containment 4 comprises the constrain water tank 42 be arranged in containment 3 and the discharge-channel 41 passing constrain water tank 42 top.Wherein, constrain water tank 42 is an airtight water tank or pond, and the top of constrain water tank 42 is headrooms, bottom is water 43; More discharge-channel 41 organizes passage arranged side by side, and one end of these passages is communicated in the water of constrain water tank 42, and the other end is communicated with air in containment 3.
Described containment cooling subsystem 5 comprises that to be located at containment 3 outer and flood the outer cooling pond 54 of shell of containment 3.
When under nuclear power station generation cut accident conditions, because the temperature in containment 3 raises, in shell, gas is conducted heat to cooling pond outside shell 54 by containment 3 wall automatically, and in shell, steam is in internal face condensation, thus containment pressure is controlled.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 3, arrange reactor 6 in containment 3, a kind of passive containment cooling of the present invention and depressurizing system comprise the constrain subsystem 4 of containment and containment cooling subsystem 5.
The constrain subsystem of described containment 4 comprises the constrain water tank 42 be arranged in containment 3 and the discharge-channel 41 passing constrain water tank 42 top.Wherein, constrain water tank 42 is an airtight water tank or pond, and the top of constrain water tank 42 is headrooms, bottom is water 43; More discharge-channel 41 organizes passage arranged side by side, and one end of these passages is communicated in the water of constrain water tank 42, and the other end is communicated with air in containment 3.
Described containment cooling subsystem 5 comprises the shell inner condenser 51 be arranged in containment 3, the outer cooling pond 54 of the shell be arranged in outside containment 3, in the outer cooling pond 54 of shell, be provided with the outer refrigeratory 53 of shell, by pipeline 52, the outer refrigeratory 53 of shell in outer for shell cooling pond 54 be communicated with the shell inner condenser 51 in containment 3; Wherein, the layout height of the outer refrigeratory 53 of shell and the outer cooling pond 54 of shell is higher than the layout height of shell inner condenser 51.
When under nuclear power station generation cut accident conditions, because the temperature in containment 3 raises, in shell, gas conducts heat from trend shell inner condenser 51, the outer refrigeratory 53 of shell connected by pipeline 52 due to shell inner condenser 51 and the position of the outer cooling pond 54 of shell are higher than shell inner condenser 51, and cause the density difference of heat eliminating medium due to the temperature difference, in cooling circuit 52, Natural Circulation will be set up gradually, and continue the heat in containment to discharge, thus containment pressure is controlled.
Embodiment 4
As shown in Figure 4, arrange reactor 6 in containment 3, a kind of passive containment cooling of the present invention and depressurizing system comprise the constrain subsystem 4 of containment and containment cooling subsystem 5.
The constrain subsystem of described containment 4 comprises the constrain water tank 42 be arranged in containment 3 and the discharge-channel 41 passing constrain water tank 42 top.Wherein, constrain water tank 42 is an airtight water tank or pond, and the top of constrain water tank 42 is headrooms, bottom is water 43; More discharge-channel 41 organizes passage arranged side by side, and one end of these passages is communicated in the water of constrain water tank 42, and the other end is communicated with air in containment 3.
Described containment cooling subsystem 5 comprises the shell inner condenser 51 be arranged in containment 3, the outer cooling pond 54 of the shell be arranged in outside containment 3, is communicated with outer for shell cooling pond 54 by pipeline 52 with the shell inner condenser 51 in containment 3; Wherein, the layout height of the outer cooling pond 54 of shell is higher than the layout height of shell inner condenser 51.
When under nuclear power station generation cut accident conditions, the water in the outer cooling pond 54 of the shell outside containment 3 directly flows through shell inner condenser 51, continues the heat in containment to discharge, thus containment pressure is controlled.
Embodiment 5
As shown in Figure 5, arrange reactor 6 in containment 3, a kind of passive containment cooling of the present invention and depressurizing system comprise the constrain subsystem 4 of containment and containment cooling subsystem 5.
The constrain subsystem of described containment 4 comprises the constrain water tank 42 be arranged in containment 3 and the discharge-channel 41 passing constrain water tank 42 top.Wherein, constrain water tank 42 is an airtight water tank or pond, and the top of constrain water tank 42 is headrooms, bottom is water 43; More discharge-channel 41 organizes passage arranged side by side, and one end of these passages is communicated in the water of constrain water tank 42, and the other end is communicated with air in containment 3.
Described containment cooling subsystem 5 comprises the outer cooling pond 54 of shell being arranged in the outside top of containment 3, is provided with the outer refrigeratory 53 of shell in the outer cooling pond 54 of shell, and outer for shell refrigeratory 53 is communicated with containment 3 inner top by pipeline 52.
When under nuclear power station generation cut accident conditions, the steam in containment is discharged in the outer refrigeratory 53 of outside shell by pipeline 52, is cooled by the outer cooling pond 54 of shell, continues the heat in containment to discharge, thus containment pressure is controlled.
As shown in above-mentioned Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, in nuclear power station generation main pipeline 1 break accident situation, a large amount of steam 2 spurts in containment 3 fast, learnt by equation for ideal gases P=nRT/V, when volume V is constant, due to the increase of steam burst size n and the rising of gas temperature T, pressure P in containment is caused to rise rapidly, if do not take adequate measures, will likely cause the superpressure of containment to lose efficacy, and then cause radioactivity outwardly Environment release.
Passive containment of the present invention cooling and depressurizing system is adopted will effectively to control the pressure of containment, suppress the pressure of the early stage containment of accident mainly through the constrain subsystem of containment 4, realize containment by containment cooling subsystem 5 and cool step-down for a long time.In main pipeline 1 break accident situation, on the one hand because a large amount of steam spurts in containment fast, containment pressure increase higher than the pressure in constrain water tank, gas in containment/vapour potpourri can enter the water 43 of constrain water tank 42 from discharge-channel 41, steam 2 is condensed and becomes water, thus the pressure of containment 3 is minimized.Said process is natural, spontaneous, non-active, once the pressure increase in containment, will from the constrain water tank steam discharge (gas) of trend, thus suppress the pressure in containment to continue to raise.From equation for ideal gases P=nRT/V, this subsystem is mainly through reducing rapidly gas flow n to control containment pressure P.
On the other hand, because high-temperature steam spurts in containment, along with the temperature in containment raises, containment cooling subsystem 5 will respond gradually, and set up stable natural circulation heat transfer channel gradually by modes such as surface heat transfer, condensation or evaporations, what continue discharges the heat in containment 3, and makes steam 2 condensation in containment, reduces the pressure in containment.This diabatic process also right and wrong is active, but due to Natural Circulation foundation and reach steady state (SS) and need certain hour, therefore the antihypertensive effect of containment cooling subsystem to the early stage containment of accident is not obvious, but it serves containment and cools for a long time and pressure controlled effect.From equation for ideal gases P=nRT/V, this subsystem, mainly through reducing gas temperature T, is indirectly facilitated the natural condensation of steam (reducing steam burst size n), is controlled pressure P in containment.
To sum up, the constrain subsystem of containment is used for the early stage containment step-down of accident, and after containment cooling subsystem is used for accident, containment cools step-down for a long time.The operation of constrain subsystem and cooling subsystem does not need external power source to drive, and constitutes the cooling of non-active containment and depressurizing system.
Above embodiments of the invention are explained in detail, above-mentioned embodiment is only optimum embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, in the ken that those of ordinary skill in the art possess, various change can also be made under the prerequisite not departing from present inventive concept.
Claims (10)
1. a passive containment cooling and depressurizing system, in described containment (3), reactor (6) is set, it is characterized in that: this system comprises the constrain subsystem of containment (4) and containment cooling subsystem (5);
The constrain subsystem of described containment (4) comprises the constrain water tank (42) be arranged in containment (3) and the discharge-channel (41) passing constrain water tank (42) top; Wherein, constrain water tank (42) is an airtight water tank or pond, and the top of constrain water tank (42) is headroom, bottom is water (43); More discharge-channel (41) organizes passage arranged side by side, and one end of these passages is communicated in the water of constrain water tank (42), and the other end is communicated with containment (3) interior air;
Described containment cooling subsystem (5) comprises the outer cooling pond (54) of shell being arranged in the outside top of containment (3), is provided with the pipeline (52) to containment top spray in the outer cooling pond (54) of shell.
2. a kind of passive containment cooling according to claim 1 and depressurizing system, it is characterized in that: when under nuclear power station generation cut accident conditions, gas in containment (3)/vapour potpourri enters the water (43) of constrain water tank (42) from discharge-channel (41), steam is condensed and becomes water, and the pressure peak of containment (3) is reduced; Meanwhile, the water in the outer cooling pond (54) of shell passes through pipeline (52) under gravity from trend containment (3) top spray, and forms cooling moisture film at containment (3) top and outside wall surface; This cooling moisture film spontaneous evaporation makes the heat in containment discharge, and the steam simultaneously in containment in internal face condensation, thus makes containment pressure obtain permanently effective control.
3. a passive containment cooling and depressurizing system, in described containment (3), reactor (6) is set, it is characterized in that: this system comprises the constrain subsystem of containment (4) and containment cooling subsystem (5);
The constrain subsystem of described containment (4) comprises the constrain water tank (42) be arranged in containment (3) and the discharge-channel (41) passing constrain water tank (42) top; Wherein, constrain water tank (42) is an airtight water tank or pond, and the top of constrain water tank (42) is headroom, bottom is water (43); More discharge-channel (41) organizes passage arranged side by side, and one end of these passages is communicated in the water of constrain water tank (42), and the other end is communicated with containment (3) interior air;
Described containment cooling subsystem (5) comprises and is located at containment (3) and flood the outer cooling pond (54) of shell of containment (3) outward.
4. a kind of passive containment cooling according to claim 3 and depressurizing system, it is characterized in that: when under nuclear power station generation cut accident conditions, gas in containment (3)/vapour potpourri enters the water (43) of constrain water tank (42) from discharge-channel (41), steam is condensed and becomes water, and the pressure peak of containment (3) is reduced; Simultaneously, because the temperature in containment (3) raises, in shell, gas is conducted heat to cooling pond outside shell (54) by containment (3) wall automatically, and in shell, steam is in internal face condensation, thus makes containment pressure obtain permanently effective control.
5. a passive containment cooling and depressurizing system, in described containment (3), reactor (6) is set, it is characterized in that: this system comprises the constrain subsystem of containment (4) and containment cooling subsystem (5);
The constrain subsystem of described containment (4) comprises the constrain water tank (42) be arranged in containment (3) and the discharge-channel (41) passing constrain water tank (42) top; Wherein, constrain water tank (42) is an airtight water tank or pond, and the top of constrain water tank (42) is headroom, bottom is water (43); More discharge-channel (41) organizes passage arranged side by side, and one end of these passages is communicated in the water of constrain water tank (42), and the other end is communicated with containment (3) interior air;
Described containment cooling subsystem (5) comprises the shell inner condenser (51) be arranged in containment (3), is arranged in the outer cooling pond (54) of containment (3) shell outward, in the outer cooling pond (54) of shell, be provided with the outer refrigeratory (53) of shell, by pipeline (52), the outer refrigeratory (53) of shell in outer for shell cooling pond (54) be communicated with the shell inner condenser (51) in containment (3); Wherein, the layout height of the outer refrigeratory (53) of shell and shell cooling pond (54) is outward higher than the layout height of shell inner condenser (51).
6. a kind of passive containment cooling according to claim 5 and depressurizing system, it is characterized in that: when under nuclear power station generation cut accident conditions, gas in containment (3)/vapour potpourri enters the water (43) of constrain water tank (42) from discharge-channel (41), steam is condensed and becomes water, and the pressure peak of containment (3) is reduced; Simultaneously, because the temperature in containment (3) raises, in shell, gas conducts heat from trend shell inner condenser (51), the position of the outer refrigeratory (53) of shell connected by pipeline (52) due to shell inner condenser (51) and shell cooling pond (54) is outward higher than shell inner condenser (51), and cause the density difference of heat eliminating medium due to the temperature difference, Natural Circulation will be set up gradually in cooling circuit (52), continue the heat in containment to discharge, thus make containment pressure obtain permanently effective control.
7. a passive containment cooling and depressurizing system, in described containment (3), reactor (6) is set, it is characterized in that: this system comprises the constrain subsystem of containment (4) and containment cooling subsystem (5);
The constrain subsystem of described containment (4) comprises the constrain water tank (42) be arranged in containment (3) and the discharge-channel (41) passing constrain water tank (42) top; Wherein, constrain water tank (42) is an airtight water tank or pond, and the top of constrain water tank (42) is headroom, bottom is water (43); More discharge-channel (41) organizes passage arranged side by side, and one end of these passages is communicated in the water of constrain water tank (42), and the other end is communicated with containment (3) interior air;
Described containment cooling subsystem (5) comprises the shell inner condenser (51) be arranged in containment (3), is arranged in the outer cooling pond (54) of containment (3) shell outward, is communicated with outer for shell cooling pond (54) by pipeline (52) with the shell inner condenser (51) in containment (3); Wherein, the layout height of the outer cooling pond (54) of shell is higher than the layout height of shell inner condenser (51).
8. a kind of passive containment cooling according to claim 7 and depressurizing system, it is characterized in that: when under nuclear power station generation cut accident conditions, gas in containment (3)/vapour potpourri enters the water (43) of constrain water tank (42) from discharge-channel (41), steam is condensed and becomes water, and the pressure peak of containment (3) is reduced; Meanwhile, the water in the outer cooling pond (54) of containment (3) shell outward directly flows through shell inner condenser (51), continues the heat in containment to discharge, thus makes containment pressure obtain permanently effective control.
9. a passive containment cooling and depressurizing system, in described containment (3), reactor (6) is set, it is characterized in that: this system comprises the constrain subsystem of containment (4) and containment cooling subsystem (5);
The constrain subsystem of described containment (4) comprises the constrain water tank (42) be arranged in containment (3) and the discharge-channel (41) passing constrain water tank (42) top; Wherein, constrain water tank (42) is an airtight water tank or pond, and the top of constrain water tank (42) is headroom, bottom is water (43); More discharge-channel (41) organizes passage arranged side by side, and one end of these passages is communicated in the water of constrain water tank (42), and the other end is communicated with containment (3) interior air;
Described containment cooling subsystem (5) comprises the outer cooling pond (54) of shell being arranged in the outside top of containment (3), in the outer cooling pond (54) of shell, be provided with the outer refrigeratory (53) of shell, outer for shell refrigeratory (53) is communicated with containment (3) inner top by pipeline (52).
10. a kind of passive containment cooling according to claim 9 and depressurizing system, it is characterized in that: when under nuclear power station generation cut accident conditions, gas in containment (3)/vapour potpourri enters the water (43) of constrain water tank (42) from discharge-channel (41), steam is condensed and becomes water, and the pressure peak of containment (3) is reduced; Simultaneously, steam in containment is discharged in the outer refrigeratory (53) of outside shell by pipeline (52), cooled by the outer cooling pond (54) of shell, continue the heat in containment to discharge, thus make containment pressure obtain permanently effective control.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510117275.8A CN104835541A (en) | 2015-03-17 | 2015-03-17 | Passive containment cooling and pressure-reducing system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510117275.8A CN104835541A (en) | 2015-03-17 | 2015-03-17 | Passive containment cooling and pressure-reducing system |
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| CN104835541A true CN104835541A (en) | 2015-08-12 |
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| CN201510117275.8A Pending CN104835541A (en) | 2015-03-17 | 2015-03-17 | Passive containment cooling and pressure-reducing system |
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| CN111785398A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-10-16 | 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) | Passive residual heat removal system suitable for containment |
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| WO2023070943A1 (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2023-05-04 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Pressure suppression pool apparatus and nuclear reactor |
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| CN116246804A (en) * | 2023-05-11 | 2023-06-09 | 中国电力工程顾问集团有限公司 | Safety system of pressure restraining water tank and water floating nuclear power station |
| CN116246804B (en) * | 2023-05-11 | 2023-07-07 | 中国电力工程顾问集团有限公司 | Safety system of pressure restraining water tank and water floating nuclear power station |
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