CN104832108A - Continuous damming pulse jetting acceleration drill bit - Google Patents
Continuous damming pulse jetting acceleration drill bit Download PDFInfo
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- CN104832108A CN104832108A CN201510254653.7A CN201510254653A CN104832108A CN 104832108 A CN104832108 A CN 104832108A CN 201510254653 A CN201510254653 A CN 201510254653A CN 104832108 A CN104832108 A CN 104832108A
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- continuously
- drill bit
- jet
- rock
- damming
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
- E21B10/61—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids characterised by the nozzle structure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
Abstract
The invention relates to a continuous damping pulse jetting acceleration drill bit. The continuous damping pulse jetting acceleration drill bit is characterized by mainly comprising a drill bit body and a continuous damming mechanism. The continuous damming mechanism is installed in a water hole of the drill bit body, a spiral rotor is driven by high-pressure fluid to rotate and drive a damming rotary disk to rotate to form continuous damming, continuous flowing of the high-pressure fluid in the water hole of the drill bit body is converted into intermittent and variable flow and enters jetting holes in the bottom of the water hole of the drill bit body, pulse vortex ring jetting is formed at outlets of jetting nozzles and acts a well bottom in a fluctuation impact mode, and the well bottom flow field and the stress condition of well bottom rock are improved. In addition, fluctuation impact formed by a bypass drainage nozzle and the five sets of jetting nozzles in an alternate mode circularly acts on the well bottom, continuous conversion between the jetting rock breaking mode and the pulse cavitation mode, of the high-speed water jetting at the well bottom is achieved, the well bottom chip hold-down effect and the rock confining pressure are reduced, the jetting rock clearing and auxiliary rock breaking capability is improved, and the mechanical drilling speed is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to broken bottom rock drill bit in a kind of petroleum exploration and development, be specifically related to one dam continuously pulse jet speed-raising drill bit.
Background technology
Along with the drilling technologies such as horizontal well, extended reach well, multihole well play more and more important role in petroleum exploration and development process.In drilling process, borehole condition becomes increasingly complex, the increase of hole angle, the growth etc. of horizontal section length make that shaft bottom is cleaned, landwaste returns and improve that the aspects such as rate of penetration all face is all many challenges.
Tradition drilling mode Energy Transfer, conversion, distribution and utilization in drilling process also exist the problems such as efficiency is low always.Although rotary percussion drilling, downhole pressure increasing drilling well all can raising rate of penetrations in various degree, due to its life-span and poor stability, so fail to use on a large scale at the scene always.And pulsing jet aided drilling technology achieves certain effect at the scene but because of its life-span shorter, thus also have some limitations.Pulsing jet aided drilling technology mainly by be contained in impulse jet nozzle on the carcass bottom drill bit be used for produce pulsatile effect, the jetting method generally applied at present mainly comprises: direct projection stream, pulsing jet, rotating jet and cavitation jet continuously, and these jetting methods all have respective deficiency.
In addition, scholar is had to have developed pulse cavitation jet rose jet in recent years, namely by changing the structure of how empty nozzle, form a kind of pulse cavitation jet rose jet that can produce pulsing jet and cavitation jet and be coupled to form, and then hydraulic energy can be utilized efficiently, effective raising efficiency of breaking rock, forms the horizontal hole of larger hole depth.But at confined pressure existent condition, it is very fast also to there is decay in its jet, and the eye diameter of fluidic vectoring thrust is little, out-of-shape, and jetflush hits the problems such as power is large.
Based on above analysis, in order to improve the force-bearing situation of bottom-hole flow field and bottom rock, reducing the confined pressure of shaft bottom chip hold down effect and rock, making full use of hydraulic energy, improve the ability of the clear rock of jet and auxiliary rock.A kind of pulse jet drill bit that dams continuously of Patent design of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for oil and gas drilling engineering field provide one dam continuously pulse jet speed-raising drill bit.Be intended to the continuous-flow of hydrophthalmia inner high voltage fluid to be transformed into interval by the mechanism of damming continuously in bit port, nonsteady flow enters spray-hole bottom bit port, and going out interruption-forming pulsation collar vortex jet through jet nozzle, to fluctuate, the mode of impacting acts on shaft bottom; In addition, the pulsatile impact ringing of formation is replaced in shaft bottom by the bypass earial drainage nozzle bottom drill body and five groups of jet nozzles, thus realize shaft bottom high-speed water jet injection is broken and change continuously between rock and pulse cavitation two kinds of binding modes, reduce the confined pressure of shaft bottom chip hold down effect and rock, improve the ability of the clear rock of jet and auxiliary rock, improve rate of penetration.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
One dam continuously pulse jet speed-raising drill bit primarily of drill body, continuously dam mechanism composition; Mechanism of damming continuously is arranged in drill body hydrophthalmia, the helical rotor of mechanism of damming continuously rotates and drives the rotating disk that dams to be formed and dams continuously under the driving of high-pressure fluid, the continuous-flow of bit port inner high voltage fluid is transformed into interval, nonsteady flow enters spray-hole bottom bit port, and going out interruption-forming pulsation collar vortex jet through jet nozzle, to fluctuate, the mode of impacting acts on shaft bottom; In addition, the pulsatile impact ringing of formation is replaced in shaft bottom by the bypass earial drainage nozzle bottom drill body and five groups of jet nozzles, thus realize shaft bottom high-speed water jet injection is broken and change continuously between rock and pulse cavitation two kinds of binding modes, reduce the confined pressure of shaft bottom chip hold down effect and rock, improve the ability of the clear rock of jet and auxiliary rock.
There is connection male thread drill body upper end, is provided with upper and lower two and organizes a performance rank in hydrophthalmia, the bad and transition support ring of the driving drainage respectively in order to install mechanism of damming continuously; Five groups of spray-holes and bypass discharge orifice is evenly equipped with bottom hydrophthalmia, the wing is cut in uniform five groups of outside, bypass discharge orifice converges into single spray-hole bottom drill body, and the exit of spray-hole and bypass discharge orifice is all equiped with jet nozzle, and high-pressure fluid is transformed into high-speed water jet.
Damming continuously, mechanism comprises driving draining ring, helical rotor, black box, spring bearing, transition support ring, transmission minor axis, dam rotating disk; Drive draining ring center to have sphere flow guiding head, there is circular current limliting cylinder centre, and outer ring is positioned in drill body hydrophthalmia place of topping bar; There is the installing hole of upper spring bearing and upper combination sealing flow guiding head inside, is evenly equipped with the round conduction hole of four group leaders between flow guiding head and current limliting cylinder and between current limliting cylinder and outer ring; Transition support ring links with driving the lower end of draining ring, and helical rotor is arranged in the current limliting cylinder of driving draining ring, and spring bearing and seal are all equipped with in upper and lower two ends, and is connected with driving draining ring, transition support ring respectively; Transmission minor axis connects helical rotor and the rotating disk that dams, with transmitting torque; The rotating disk that dams is evenly equipped with five inclined holes that dam vertically, the rotating disk that dams rotates under the driving of helical rotor, spray-hole continuous print bottom five dam inclined hole and drill body hydrophthalmias of rotating disk interlocks, and hydrophthalmia inner high voltage fluid transforms one-tenth interval, nonsteady flow enter the spray-hole bottom hydrophthalmia.
High-pressure fluid is split into two parts after flowing through and driving draining ring, and a part enters into current limliting cylinder from the conduction hole between flow guiding head and current limliting cylinder and rotates to drive helical rotor, and flows out with flowing hole in helical rotor helical flow to lower end transition support ring; Another portion then enters the annular space between current limliting cylinder and hydrophthalmia from conduction hole between current limliting cylinder and outer ring, then flows through the bottom of outer flowing hole to hydrophthalmia of transition support ring; Behind the high-pressure fluid interflow of flowing out from excessive support ring, a part along with the rotation of the rotating disk that dams interval, variable enter into spray-hole, be injected into shaft bottom in the mode of pulsatile impact; Another part then confluxes to bypass earial drainage nozzle from bypass discharge orifice and is injected into center, shaft bottom.
Dam in turntable rotation process, spray-hole continuous print bottom five dam inclined hole and drill body hydrophthalmias of rotating disk interlocks, when the runner of spray-hole diminishes gradually to closedown, the pressure of bit port inner chamber increases, flow velocity and the pressure of bypass discharge orifice all increase, and therefore the bypass earial drainage nozzle at bit central place produces high-speed jet and acts on center, shaft bottom.Along with the rotation of the rotating disk that dams, when spray-hole runner opens to gradually and is communicated with completely, the pressure of bit port inner chamber reduces, flow velocity and the pressure of bypass discharge orifice all reduce, in spray-hole runner, flow velocity and pressure increase, therefore, the jet nozzle be distributed on bottom drill bit produces high-speed jet effect and shaft bottom.So, by the continuous rotation of the rotating disk that dams, bypass earial drainage nozzle and five groups of jet nozzle alternate cycles produce high-speed jet and act on shaft bottom, and formed towards periphery to spray from bit central and broken to change between rock and pulse cavitation two kinds of binding modes, thus improve shaft bottom cleaning and take rock effect while utilizing limited hydraulic energy to carry out spraying broken rock continuously, reduce chip hold down effect, improve rate of penetration.
Compared with prior art, of the present inventionly to have the following advantages:
The pulse jet speed-raising drill bit that dams continuously that the present invention relates to can be rotated by the helical rotor of mechanism of damming continuously and be driven the turntable rotation that dams under the driving of high-pressure fluid, spray-hole continuous print bottom five dam inclined hole and drill body hydrophthalmias of rotating disk is staggered to form and dams continuously, the continuous-flow of bit port inner high voltage fluid is transformed into interval, nonsteady flow enters spray-hole bottom bit port, and going out interruption-forming pulsation collar vortex jet through jet nozzle, to fluctuate, the mode of impacting acts on shaft bottom; In addition, the pulsatile impact ringing of formation is replaced in shaft bottom by the bypass earial drainage nozzle bottom drill body and five groups of jet nozzles, thus realize shaft bottom high-speed water jet produces the broken rock of injection and pulse cavitation two kinds of binding modes towards periphery continuous conversion from bit central, reduce the confined pressure of shaft bottom chip hold down effect and rock, improve the ability of the clear rock of jet and auxiliary rock, improve rate of penetration.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation analysed and observe of pulse jet speed-raising drill bit that dams continuously;
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional schematic of pulse jet speed-raising drill bit along A-A in Fig. 1 of damming continuously;
Fig. 3 be dam continuously pulse jet speed-raising drill bit the turntable structure schematic diagram that dams;
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional schematic of pulse jet speed-raising drill bit along B-B in Fig. 1 of damming continuously;
Fig. 5 is the cross-sectional schematic of pulse jet speed-raising drill bit along C-C in Fig. 1 of damming continuously;
Fig. 6 is the pulse jet speed-raising drill bit bottom nozzle distribution schematic diagram that dams continuously;
In figure: 1 drill body, 11 bypass discharge orifices, 12 bypass earial drainage nozzles, 13 spray-holes, 14 jet nozzles, 15 cut the wings, and 21 drive draining rings, 22 helical rotors, 23 black boies, 24 transition support rings, 25 spring bearings, 26 transmission minor axises, and 27 dam rotating disk.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, illustrate and be described in detail as follows detailed description of the invention, structure, feature and effect thereof that the present invention proposes:
As shown in Figure 1, one dam continuously pulse jet speed-raising drill bit form primarily of drill body 1 and mechanism 2 of damming continuously; Mechanism 2 of damming continuously is arranged in the hydrophthalmia of drill body 1, the helical rotor 22 of mechanism 2 of damming continuously rotates and drives the rotating disk 27 that dams to be formed and dams continuously under the driving of high-pressure fluid, the continuous-flow of bit port inner high voltage fluid is transformed into interval, nonsteady flow enters spray-hole 13 bottom bit port, and going out interruption-forming pulsation collar vortex jet through jet nozzle 14, to fluctuate, the mode of impacting acts on shaft bottom; In addition, the pulsatile impact ringing of formation is replaced in shaft bottom by the bypass earial drainage nozzle 12 bottom drill body 1 and five groups of jet nozzles 14, thus realize shaft bottom high-speed water jet injection is broken and change continuously between rock and pulse cavitation two kinds of binding modes, reduce the confined pressure of shaft bottom chip hold down effect and rock, improve the ability of the clear rock of jet and auxiliary rock.
As shown in Figure 1, there is connection male thread drill body 1 upper end, is provided with upper and lower two and organizes a performance rank in hydrophthalmia, respectively in order to install driving drainage bad 21 and the transition support ring 24 of mechanism 2 of damming continuously; As shown in Figure 5, five groups of spray-holes 13 and bypass discharge orifice 11 is evenly equipped with bottom hydrophthalmia, the wing 15 is cut in uniform five groups of outside, bypass discharge orifice 11 converges into single spray-hole bottom drill body 1, the exit of spray-hole 13 and bypass discharge orifice 11 is all equiped with jet nozzle, and high-pressure fluid is transformed into high-speed water jet.
As shown in Figure 1, damming continuously, mechanism 2 comprises driving draining ring 21, helical rotor 22, black box 23, transition support ring 24, spring bearing 25, transmission minor axis 26, dam rotating disk 27; As shown in Figure 2, drive draining ring 21 center to have sphere flow guiding head, there is circular current limliting cylinder centre, and outer ring is positioned in drill body 1 hydrophthalmia place of topping bar; There is the installing hole of spring bearing 25 and combination sealing 23 flow guiding head inside, is evenly equipped with the round conduction hole of four group leaders between flow guiding head and current limliting cylinder and between current limliting cylinder and outer ring; As Figure 1 and Figure 4, transition support ring 24 links with driving the lower end of draining ring 21, helical rotor 22 is arranged in the current limliting cylinder of driving draining ring 21, and spring bearing 25 and black box 23 are all equipped with in upper and lower two ends, and is connected with driving draining ring 21, transition support ring 24 respectively; Transmission minor axis 26 connects helical rotor 22 and the rotating disk 27 that dams, with transmitting torque; As shown in Figure 1, Figure 3, the rotating disk 27 that dams is evenly equipped with five inclined holes that dam vertically, the rotating disk 27 that dams rotates under the driving of helical rotor 22, spray-hole 13 continuous print bottom five dam inclined hole and drill body 1 hydrophthalmias of rotating disk interlocks, and hydrophthalmia inner high voltage fluid transforms one-tenth interval, nonsteady flow enter the spray-hole 13 bottom hydrophthalmia.
As shown in Figure 1, high-pressure fluid is split into two parts after flowing through and driving draining ring 21, a part enters into current limliting cylinder from the conduction hole between flow guiding head and current limliting cylinder and rotates to drive helical rotor 22, and flows out with flowing hole in helical rotor 22 helical flow to lower end transition support ring 24; Another portion then enters the annular space between current limliting cylinder and hydrophthalmia from conduction hole between current limliting cylinder and outer ring, then flows through the bottom of outer flowing hole to hydrophthalmia of transition support ring 24; Behind the high-pressure fluid interflow that excessive support ring 24 flows out, a part along with the rotation of the rotating disk 27 that dams interval, variable enter into spray-hole 13, be injected into shaft bottom in the mode of pulsatile impact; Another part then confluxes to bypass earial drainage nozzle 12 from bypass discharge orifice 11 and is injected into center, shaft bottom.
Dam in rotating disk 27 rotary course, spray-hole 13 continuous print bottom five dam inclined hole and drill body 1 hydrophthalmias of rotating disk interlocks, when the runner of spray-hole 13 diminishes gradually to closedown, the pressure of bit port inner chamber increases, flow velocity and the pressure of bypass discharge orifice 11 all increase, and therefore the bypass earial drainage nozzle 12 at bit central place produces high-speed jet and acts on center, shaft bottom.Along with the rotation of the rotating disk 27 that dams, when spray-hole 13 runner opens to gradually and is communicated with completely, the pressure of bit port inner chamber reduces, flow velocity and the pressure of bypass discharge orifice 11 all reduce, in spray-hole 13 runner, flow velocity and pressure increase, therefore, the jet nozzle 14 be distributed on bottom drill bit produces high-speed jet effect and shaft bottom.So, by the continuous rotation of the rotating disk 27 that dams, bypass earial drainage nozzle 12 and five groups of jet nozzle 14 alternate cycles produce high-speed jet and act on shaft bottom, and formed towards periphery to spray from bit central and broken to change between rock and pulse cavitation two kinds of binding modes, thus improve shaft bottom cleaning and take rock effect while utilizing limited hydraulic energy to carry out spraying broken rock continuously, reduce chip hold down effect, improve rate of penetration.
Claims (4)
1. one kind dam continuously pulse jet speed-raising drill bit primarily of drill body, continuously dam mechanism composition; It is characterized in that: described mechanism of damming continuously is arranged in drill body hydrophthalmia, the helical rotor of mechanism of damming continuously rotates and drives the rotating disk that dams to be formed and dams continuously under the driving of high-pressure fluid, the continuous-flow of bit port inner high voltage fluid is transformed into interval, nonsteady flow enters spray-hole bottom bit port, and going out interruption-forming pulsation collar vortex jet through jet nozzle, to fluctuate, the mode of impacting acts on shaft bottom; In addition, the pulsatile impact ringing of formation is replaced in shaft bottom by the bypass earial drainage nozzle bottom drill body and five groups of jet nozzles, thus realize shaft bottom high-speed water jet injection is broken and change continuously between rock and pulse cavitation two kinds of binding modes, reduce the confined pressure of shaft bottom chip hold down effect and rock, improve the ability of the clear rock of jet and auxiliary rock.
2. the pulse jet speed-raising drill bit that dams continuously according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: there is connection male thread described drill body upper end, be provided with upper and lower two in hydrophthalmia to organize a performance rank, the bad and transition support ring of the driving drainage respectively in order to install mechanism of damming continuously; Be evenly equipped with five groups of spray-holes and bypass discharge orifice bottom hydrophthalmia, the wing is cut in uniform five groups of outside, and the exit of spray-hole and bypass discharge orifice is all equiped with jet nozzle.
3. the pulse jet speed-raising drill bit that dams continuously according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described mechanism of damming continuously comprises driving draining ring, helical rotor, black box, spring bearing, transition support ring, transmission minor axis, dam rotating disk; Drive draining ring center to have sphere flow guiding head, there is circular current limliting cylinder centre, and outer ring is positioned in drill body hydrophthalmia place of topping bar; Transition support ring links with driving the lower end of draining ring, and helical rotor is arranged in the current limliting cylinder of driving draining ring, and spring bearing and seal are all equipped with in upper and lower two ends, and is connected with driving draining ring, transition support ring respectively; Transmission minor axis connects helical rotor and the rotating disk that dams, with transmitting torque; The rotating disk that dams is evenly equipped with five inclined holes that dam vertically.
4. the pulse jet speed-raising drill bit that dams continuously according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: high-pressure fluid is split into two parts after flowing through and driving draining ring, a part enters into current limliting cylinder from the conduction hole between flow guiding head and current limliting cylinder and rotates to drive helical rotor, and flows out with flowing hole in helical rotor helical flow to lower end transition support ring; Another portion then enters the annular space between current limliting cylinder and hydrophthalmia from conduction hole between current limliting cylinder and outer ring, then flows through the bottom of outer flowing hole to hydrophthalmia of transition support ring; Behind the high-pressure fluid interflow of flowing out from excessive support ring, a part along with the rotation of the rotating disk that dams interval, variable enter into spray-hole, be injected into shaft bottom in the mode of pulsatile impact; Another part then confluxes to bypass earial drainage nozzle from bypass discharge orifice and is injected into center, shaft bottom.
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CN201510254653.7A CN104832108A (en) | 2015-05-19 | 2015-05-19 | Continuous damming pulse jetting acceleration drill bit |
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Cited By (8)
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CN105927160A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-09-07 | 宜昌神达石油机械有限公司 | Rotary jet flow PDC drill bit |
CN106703701A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-05-24 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Pulse impact producing mechanism and center differential pressure drill comprising same |
CN106894777A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-06-27 | 中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院 | Deep drilling shaft bottom drilling fluid one side eddy flow speed-raising instrument |
CN108798501A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-11-13 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Axial jet drilling speed-raising tool |
CN108798522A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2018-11-13 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | A kind of screw drive rock bit |
CN109812231A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-05-28 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Impulse oscillation speed-raising tool |
CN117108205A (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2023-11-24 | 四川派盛通石油工程技术有限公司 | Pulse type supercharging jet drilling device |
WO2024074157A1 (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2024-04-11 | 河南理工大学 | Pulsed cavitating jet assisted rock breaking mechanism |
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- 2015-05-19 CN CN201510254653.7A patent/CN104832108A/en active Pending
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105927160A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-09-07 | 宜昌神达石油机械有限公司 | Rotary jet flow PDC drill bit |
RU2678282C1 (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2019-01-24 | Чайна Юниверсити Оф Петролиум (Ист Чайна) | Drilling bit with bit load self-regulation |
WO2018036567A1 (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2018-03-01 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Self-adaptive differential pressure-type drill bit |
CN106703701A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-05-24 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Pulse impact producing mechanism and center differential pressure drill comprising same |
US10233695B2 (en) | 2017-01-20 | 2019-03-19 | China University Of Petroleum (East China) | Weight-on-bit self-adjusting drill bit |
CN106894777A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-06-27 | 中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院 | Deep drilling shaft bottom drilling fluid one side eddy flow speed-raising instrument |
CN108798522A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2018-11-13 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | A kind of screw drive rock bit |
CN108798522B (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2023-07-21 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Screw driving roller bit |
CN108798501A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-11-13 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Axial jet drilling speed-raising tool |
CN109812231A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-05-28 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Impulse oscillation speed-raising tool |
CN109812231B (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2024-03-26 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Pulse vibration accelerating tool |
WO2024074157A1 (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2024-04-11 | 河南理工大学 | Pulsed cavitating jet assisted rock breaking mechanism |
CN117108205A (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2023-11-24 | 四川派盛通石油工程技术有限公司 | Pulse type supercharging jet drilling device |
CN117108205B (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2024-01-23 | 四川派盛通石油工程技术有限公司 | Pulse type supercharging jet drilling device |
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