CN104831162A - Vanadium-nitrogen micro-alloyed carbon steel, heat treatment technology thereof, production method, and applications - Google Patents
Vanadium-nitrogen micro-alloyed carbon steel, heat treatment technology thereof, production method, and applications Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a vanadium-nitrogen micro-alloyed carbon steel, a heat treatment technology thereof, a production method, and applications. The carbon steel is composed of the following components in percentage by weight: 0.39 to 0.45% of C, 0.15 to 0.40% of Si, 0.60 to 0.90% of Mn, not more than 0.015% of P, not more than 0.010% of S, 0.12 to 0.16% of V, 0.012 to 0.016% of [N], 0.015 to 0.050% of Als, and the balance being iron and residual trace impurities. The heat treatment technology comprises the following steps: (1) primary normalizing: heating to a temperature of 870 to 920 DEG C at a temperature rising and maintaining speed of 1.2 to 1.7 min/mm, and cooling; (2) secondary normalizing: heating to a temperature of 790 to 820 DEG C at a temperature rising and maintaining speed of 1.2 to 1.7 min/mm, and cooling; (3) tempering: heating to a temperature of 520 to 560 DEG C at a temperature rising and maintaining speed of 2 to 2.5 min/mm, and cooling. The provided heat treatment technology can prominently improve the properties of steel for axles of heavy haul train such as strength, tensile property, plasticity, anti-fatigue performance, low-temperature toughness, and the like, while at the same time, the cost is increased slightly. So the overall performance, service life, and safety of the steel for axles of heavy haul train are prominently improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heavily loaded axletree v n micro alloying carbon steel and thermal treatment process thereof, be specifically related to a kind of v n micro alloying carbon steel and thermal treatment process, production method and purposes.
Background technology
Axletree is the vital part of vehicle to run part, subject deadweight and the load of vehicle, also withstand shocks in vehicle operating with when stopping power and damping force, one of three large vital parts (heavy rail, axletree and wheel) of railway construction, train shaft belongs to the stepped axial workpiece of ultra-large type rotational symmetry, its maximum diameter is about 200mm, and length reaches about 2200mm.
Along with the fast development of railway high speed, heavily loaded technology, in order to improve conveying efficiency, alleviate railway carriage weight, save transportation cost and extend railway carriage work-ing life, improve constantly the requirement of the intensity rank and extension property, plasticity, fatigue property etc. that manufacture high-speed overload axles steel, this just has higher requirement to axletree material correlation technique.At present, conventional axletree material mainly contains 35 steel and 50 steel, and wherein, the former intensity rank is on the low side, and the latter's extension property, plasticity are not enough, can not meet more than 30t axle loaded vehicle axle manufacture requirements.Therefore, necessaryly develop novel load-carrying axles steel, make it both have the intensity rank of 50 steel, have again the extension property of 35 steel, plasticity index.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of v n micro alloying carbon steel and thermal treatment process thereof, production method and purposes, under the prerequisite of a small amount of increase cost, by suitable thermal treatment process, utilize the Second Phase Precipitation of vanadium nitride, improve the intensity of heavy haul train axles steel, extension property, plasticity, fatigue resistance and low-temperature flexibility, and then significantly improve the overall performance of heavy haul train axles steel, life-span and security, make the production technique of heavy haul train axles steel simpler and easy, efficiently, thus produce the heavy haul train axles steel of low-cost and high-performance.Concrete technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of v n micro alloying carbon steel, according to mass percent containing, for example lower component: C:0.39 ~ 0.45, Si:0.15 ~ 0.40, Mn:0.60 ~ 0.90, P :≤0.015, S :≤0.010, V:0.12 ~ 0.16, [N]: 0.012 ~ 0.016, Als:0.015 ~ 0.050, all the other are iron and remaining trace impurity.
Further, after thermal treatment steel be organized as perlite+ferrite, prior austenite grain size>=7.0 grade; Its vertical mixing coefficient is: R
m>=670MPa, R
eLor R
p0.2>=375MPa, A>=22%, Z>=40%, 20 DEG C of impacts of collision absorb merit KU
2>=50J, the safe range of stress R of smooth surface sample
fL>=320MPa.
The thermal treatment process of above-mentioned v n micro alloying carbon steel, comprises the steps:
(1) normalizing: be heated to temperature 870 ~ 920 DEG C, the heating and thermal insulation time calculates by 1.2 ~ 1.7min/mm, cooling;
(2) secondary normalizing: be heated to temperature 790 ~ 820 DEG C, the heating and thermal insulation time calculates by 1.2 ~ 1.7min/mm, cooling;
(3) tempering: be heated to temperature 520 ~ 560 DEG C, the heating and thermal insulation time calculates by 2 ~ 2.5min/mm, cooling.
Further, in step (1), adopt air-cooled or aerosol cooling.
Further, in step (2), adopt air-cooled or aerosol cooling.
Further, in step (3), air cooling is to room temperature.
Further, comprise the steps:
(1) normalizing: Heating temperature 900 DEG C, heating and thermal insulation time 300min, air-cooled or aerosol cooling;
(2) secondary normalizing: Heating temperature 800 DEG C, heating and thermal insulation time 300min, air-cooled or aerosol cooling;
(3) tempering: Heating temperature 540 DEG C, heating and thermal insulation time 450min, air cooling.
The production method of above-mentioned v n micro alloying carbon steel, comprise the steps: electric arc furnace or converter smelting → LF stove refining → RH or VD vacuum outgas → continuous casting → strand process furnace heating → axle blank rolling → axle forging → blank axletree rough turn → the neat end face processing → thermal treatment of axletree: a normalizing+secondary normalizing+tempering → axletree outer circle finish turning processing → axletree internal bore boring processing → external grinding → flaw detection.
The purposes of above-mentioned v n micro alloying carbon steel, for heavily loaded axletree.
Further, containing vanadium nitrogen carbon element train axle steel maximum diameter be about 200mm, length reaches about 2200mm.
Compared with currently available technology, the present invention is by adopting v n micro alloying principle, in conjunction with to optimization of Heat Treatment Process, by refined crystalline strengthening, precipitation strength mechanism, obtain the heavily loaded axletree v n micro alloying carbon steel structural state with even perlite+ferrite metallographic structure, have developed yield strength is that the heavily loaded axletree of 375MPa level is with containing vanadium nitrogen carbon steel, under the prerequisite of a small amount of increase cost, significantly improve the intensity of heavy haul train axles steel, extension property, plasticity, fatigue resistance and low-temperature flexibility, and then significantly improve the overall performance of heavy haul train axles steel, life-span and security, make the production technique of heavy haul train axles steel simpler and easy, efficiently, thus produce the heavy haul train axles steel of low-cost and high-performance.The product that this technology is produced meets the requirement of relevant criterion completely, enhances the competitive power of enterprise.
Embodiment
Describe the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings below, it is a kind of preferred embodiment in numerous embodiments of the present invention.
In a preferred embodiment, a kind of heavily loaded axletree v n micro alloying carbon steel and thermal treatment process thereof, mass percent (wt%) containing vanadium nitrogen heavy haul train axles steel chemical composition is: C:0.39 ~ 0.45, Si:0.15 ~ 0.40, Mn:0.60 ~ 0.90, P :≤0.015, S :≤0.010, V:0.12 ~ 0.16, [N]: 0.012 ~ 0.016, Als:0.015 ~ 0.050, all the other are iron and remaining trace impurity.Steel of the present invention has carried out Composition Design with polynary a small amount of alloying principle:
(1) carbon: C is main strengthening element, and have a significant impact the intensity of steel, plasticity and toughness, the too high meeting of C causes the plasticity of steel and the reduction of toughness.For ensureing plasticity and the toughness of steel, C content should suitably reduce, and the intensity of loss is then made up by other alloying element and microalloy element.Consider, the C content scope of Novel carbon axle steel should be advisable 0.39% ~ 0.45%.
(2) silicon: Si is the most obvious element of solution strengthening effect, is also to the maximum element of loss in toughness simultaneously.It is not too high that axle steel strength level requires, considers, do not adopt Si as main strengthening element from over-all properties, and therefore Si content controls, in general lower level, to be advisable to be no more than 0.4%, and scope is considered 0.15% ~ 0.40%.
(3) manganese: Mn mainly plays solution strengthening effect.With Si unlike Mn within 1.0% content, it is harmless to toughness, but along with the further increase of Mn content, the toughness of steel reduces gradually.Therefore axle steel design Mn content is advisable to be no more than 1.0%, and range-controllable is built in 0.60% ~ 0.90%.
(4) vanadium: V is one of strong carbonitride-forming elements.Add trace V and can produce significant precipitation strength effect, simultaneously due to its distinctive Grain refinement, steel can be made to keep fine grain structure, thus compensate for the loss of plasticity and the toughness brought due to precipitation strength, can ensure that steel has good comprehensive mechanical property; Meanwhile, V can improve steel belt roof bolt stability, improves impelling strength and the temper brittleness of steel simultaneously.But it is expensive.Consider, the range-controllable of V is built in 0.12% ~ 0.16%.
(5) nitrogen: in V-alloyed steel, nitrogen pick-up facilitates the precipitation of vanadium carbide nitride in austenite, ferrite, in vanadium nitrogen steel, not only precipitated phase quantity significantly increases, and the also obviously refinement (precipitate size is more tiny, and its precipitation strength effect is stronger) of the size of precipitated phase; Meanwhile, in V-alloyed steel, nitrogen pick-up prevents ferrite crystal grain to grow up effectively, plays the effect of fining ferrite grains.The two acting in conjunction, effectively improves intensity and the toughness plasticity of steel.Consider, the range-controllable of [N] is built in 0.012% ~ 0.016%.
The v n micro alloying carbon steel heavy duty axletree technological process of production is: electric arc furnace or converter smelting → LF stove refining → RH or VD vacuum outgas → continuous casting → strand process furnace heating → axle blank rolling → axle forging → blank axletree rough turn → neat end face processing → " a normalizing+secondary normalizing+tempering " thermal treatment → axletree outer circle finish turning processing → axletree internal bore boring processing → external grinding → flaw detection of axletree.
Crucial thermal treatment process step is as follows:
(1) normalizing: be about 200mm by maximum diameter, length reach about 2200mm be heated to temperature 870 ~ 920 DEG C containing vanadium nitrogen carbon element train axle steel, the heating and thermal insulation time calculates by 1.2 ~ 1.7min/mm, air-cooled or aerosol cooling.Not only refinement crystal grain after a normalizing, adds the amount of precipitation of vanadium carbide nitride and refinement precipitated phase, and improves the ununiformity of tissue, carry out tissue prepare for finished heat treatment subsequently.
(2) secondary normalizing: be about 200mm by maximum diameter, length reach about 2200mm be heated to temperature 790 ~ 820 DEG C containing vanadium nitrogen carbon element train axle steel, the heating and thermal insulation time calculates by 1.2 ~ 1.7min/mm, air-cooled or aerosol cooling.
(3) tempering: be about 200mm by maximum diameter, length reach about 2200mm containing vanadium nitrogen carbon element train axle steel to Heating temperature 520 ~ 560 DEG C, the heating and thermal insulation time calculates by 2 ~ 2.5min/mm, and air cooling is to room temperature subsequently.Through tempering, even fine and closely woven perlite+ferritic metallographic structure can be obtained, prior austenite grain size >=7.0 grade, thus good toughness plasticity and suitable intensity index can be obtained.
Adopt the heavily loaded axletree v n micro alloying carbon steel that chemical composition of the present invention, technical process and thermal treatment process processing parameter are produced, the vertical mixing coefficient measuring steel can reach: R
m>=670MPa, R
eLor R
p0.2>=375MPa, A>=22%, Z>=40%, 20 DEG C of impacts of collision absorb merit KU
2>=50J, the safe range of stress R of smooth surface sample
fL>=320MPa.After thermal treatment, steel is organized as perlite+ferrite, prior austenite grain size >=7.0 grade.
In a preferred embodiment, the v n micro alloying carbon steel of the present invention heavy duty axletree technological process of production is: electric arc furnace or converter smelting → LF stove refining → RH or VD vacuum outgas → continuous casting → strand process furnace heating → axle blank rolling → axle blank forging → blank axletree rough turn → neat end face processing → " a normalizing+secondary normalizing+tempering " thermal treatment → axletree outer circle finish turning processing → axletree internal bore boring processing → external grinding → flaw detection of axletree.
The embodiment of " a normalizing+secondary normalizing+tempering " heat treated melting chemical composition, main heat treatment process parameter and performance is as follows:
Thermal treatment process step and parameter are:
(1) normalizing: Heating temperature 900 DEG C, heating and thermal insulation time 300min, air-cooled or aerosol cooling.
(2) secondary normalizing: Heating temperature 800 DEG C, heating and thermal insulation time 300min, air-cooled or aerosol cooling.
(3) tempering: Heating temperature 540 DEG C, heating and thermal insulation time 450min, air cooling.
The melting chemical composition mass percent (wt%) that maximum diameter is Φ 200mm, length reaches 2200mm train axle is in table 1, and the performance index of train axle after above thermal treatment are in table 2.
The melting chemical composition mass percent (wt%) of table 1 heavily loaded axletree v n micro alloying carbon steel
Performance index after the thermal treatment of table 2 v n micro alloying carbon steel heavy duty axletree
Performance index after the thermal treatment of continued 2 v n micro alloying carbon steel heavy duty axletree
Above by reference to the accompanying drawings to invention has been exemplary description; obvious specific implementation of the present invention is not subject to the restrictions described above; as long as have employed the various improvement that method of the present invention is conceived and technical scheme is carried out; or directly apply to other occasion, all within protection scope of the present invention without improving.
Claims (10)
1. a v n micro alloying carbon steel, it is characterized in that, according to mass percent containing, for example lower component: C:0.39 ~ 0.45, Si:0.15 ~ 0.40, Mn:0.60 ~ 0.90, P :≤0.015, S :≤0.010, V:0.12 ~ 0.16, [N]: 0.012 ~ 0.016, Als:0.015 ~ 0.050, all the other are iron and remaining trace impurity.
2. v n micro alloying carbon steel as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, after thermal treatment, steel is organized as perlite+ferrite, prior austenite grain size>=7.0 grade; Its vertical mixing coefficient is: R
m>=670MPa, R
eLor R
p0.2>=375MPa, A>=22%, Z>=40%, 20 DEG C of impacts of collision absorb merit KU
2>=50J, the safe range of stress R of smooth surface sample
fL>=320MPa.
3. the thermal treatment process of v n micro alloying carbon steel as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) normalizing: be heated to temperature 870 ~ 920 DEG C, the heating and thermal insulation time calculates by 1.2 ~ 1.7min/mm, cooling;
(2) secondary normalizing: be heated to temperature 790 ~ 820 DEG C, the heating and thermal insulation time calculates by 1.2 ~ 1.7min/mm, cooling;
(3) tempering: be heated to temperature 520 ~ 560 DEG C, the heating and thermal insulation time calculates by 2 ~ 2.5min/mm, cooling.
4. the thermal treatment process of v n micro alloying carbon steel as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, in step (1), adopts air-cooled or aerosol cooling.
5. the thermal treatment process of the v n micro alloying carbon steel as described in claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that, in step (2), adopts air-cooled or aerosol cooling.
6. the thermal treatment process of the v n micro alloying carbon steel according to any one of claim 3-5, is characterized in that, in step (3), air cooling is to room temperature.
7. the thermal treatment process of the v n micro alloying carbon steel according to any one of claim 3-6, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) normalizing: Heating temperature 900 DEG C, heating and thermal insulation time 300min, air-cooled or aerosol cooling;
(2) secondary normalizing: Heating temperature 800 DEG C, heating and thermal insulation time 300min, air-cooled or aerosol cooling;
(3) tempering: Heating temperature 540 DEG C, heating and thermal insulation time 450min, air cooling.
8. the production method of v n micro alloying carbon steel as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps: electric arc furnace or converter smelting → LF stove refining → RH or VD vacuum outgas → continuous casting → strand process furnace heating → axle blank rolling → axle forging → blank axletree rough turn → the neat end face processing → thermal treatment of axletree: a normalizing+secondary normalizing+tempering → axletree outer circle finish turning processing → axletree internal bore boring processing → external grinding → flaw detection.
9. the purposes of v n micro alloying carbon steel as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, for heavily loaded axletree.
10. the purposes of v n micro alloying carbon steel as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, containing vanadium nitrogen carbon element train axle steel maximum diameter be about 200mm, length reaches about 2200mm.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109338228A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-02-15 | 钢铁研究总院 | A kind of high conductivity anode steel claw steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN114507822A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-05-17 | 晋西车轴股份有限公司 | High-strength, high-toughness and high-plasticity axle carbon steel and heat treatment process of forging thereof |
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| CN101724787A (en) * | 2008-10-21 | 2010-06-09 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | Axle shaft steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN101928878A (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2010-12-29 | 攀钢集团钢铁钒钛股份有限公司 | Axle shaft steel and production method thereof |
| CN102719749A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2012-10-10 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Steel for railway axle and production process for steel |
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- 2015-05-07 CN CN201510230939.1A patent/CN104831162A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101724787A (en) * | 2008-10-21 | 2010-06-09 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | Axle shaft steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN101928878A (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2010-12-29 | 攀钢集团钢铁钒钛股份有限公司 | Axle shaft steel and production method thereof |
| CN102719749A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2012-10-10 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Steel for railway axle and production process for steel |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109338228A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-02-15 | 钢铁研究总院 | A kind of high conductivity anode steel claw steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN114507822A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-05-17 | 晋西车轴股份有限公司 | High-strength, high-toughness and high-plasticity axle carbon steel and heat treatment process of forging thereof |
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Application publication date: 20150812 |