CN104831056B - A kind of preheating of fine chrome mine pelletizing and method of roasting - Google Patents
A kind of preheating of fine chrome mine pelletizing and method of roasting Download PDFInfo
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- CN104831056B CN104831056B CN201510117733.8A CN201510117733A CN104831056B CN 104831056 B CN104831056 B CN 104831056B CN 201510117733 A CN201510117733 A CN 201510117733A CN 104831056 B CN104831056 B CN 104831056B
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Abstract
A kind of preheating of fine chrome mine pelletizing and method of roasting, belong to preheating, the roasting technology field of pelletizing.Technique including fine chrome mine green-ball feeding grate is sequentially passed through, dried, changeover portion is preheated, preheating section preheating by exhausting section, and preheated pellets are sieved by heated oscillating screen again, and the preheated pellets after screening finally send into roasting reduction in rotary kiln.Advantage is, by this pre-heating mean and method of roasting, and the chromium pellet produced enters electric furnace smelting, economizes on electricity, is smelted with burnt reduction, the raising of electric furnace productivity ratio, chromium recovery ratio are improved, flue gas during smelting amount is reduced than traditional lump ore smelting.Meanwhile, production environment of the present invention is good, efficiency high, product fine, energy consumption are low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preheating of pelletizing, roasting technology field, the more particularly to a kind of preheating and roasting of fine chrome mine pelletizing
Firing method；Being smelted for electric furnace ferrochrome provides epigranular, reduction degree high quality pellets ore deposit raw material.
Background technology
Chromite is important strategic resource, crome metal as ferroalloy, be widely used in Aeronautics and Astronautics, nuclear reactor,
The every profession and trades such as automobile, shipbuilding, are mechanically and structurally to manufacture indispensable alloy material.The maximum consumer field of chromite is raw
Ferrochrome is produced, and ferrochrome is mainly for the production of stainless steel and special steel, stainless steel averagely contains chromium 10.5%.
Chromite is mainly distributed on the states such as South Africa, Zimbabwe, Kazakhstan.China's chromite resources are poor, possess
Reserves only account for the 0.15% of world saving, and are distributed scattered, and deposit scale is small, and the grade of ore is low.With the development of the national economy
Continuous growth to chromite demand, steel technique is increased to the demand of alloying constituent, and especially the demand to ferrochrome is anxious
Increase severely big, domestic chromite resources shortage, 90% dependence on import.
The technique of chromite smelting chromium irons is generally smelted using electric furnace, in order to ensure the ventilative of smelting process
Property, certain particle size should be had by entering the chromite of stove；Compared to chromium powder ore, chromium lump ore is more suitable for smelting, and chromium powder ore is easily caused
Smelt gas permeability variation, working of a furnace fluctuation greatly, easily cause the fiery phenomenon of material spray thorn, cause the unit consumption of raw material, power consumption to increase, bag-type dust
Burn out rate increase.But, with the increasing of chromite yield, head grade reduction, rich ore, lump ore are constantly reduced, fine ore and
Concentrate through richness choosing is continuously increased.At present, the occupation rate of market of chromium powder ore has reached 50%；Moreover, fine ore price compares lump ore
Price is low, and price difference is in be gradually increased trend.
How cheap fine chrome mine is effectively utilized, it is ferrochrome reduction life to strengthen the agglomeration of fine chrome mine to strengthen chrome ore to smelt
Produce cost, improve the effective way of Ferroalloy Markets competitiveness.Fine chrome mine agglomeration method mainly has briquetting method, sintering process, pelletizing
Method.Briquetting method provides agglomerate for ferroalloy smelting, and the technical-economic index smelted using agglomerate is difficult to be improved, and chromium is damaged in slag
Lose greatly, it is difficult to smelt the carbon ferrochrome that phosphorus content is less than 8%.Sintering process handles fine chrome mine, because granulation property is poor, causes to burn
Knot process gas permeability is poor.
Pelletizing method refers to Fig. 1 based on grate-rotary kiln.The green-ball 14 that fine chrome mine is made, in grate 1 according to
Secondary process exhausting section is dried, changeover portion is preheated, preheating section preheating, and green-ball 14 is possessed some strength after drying, preheating；Reenter back
Rotary kiln 2 is calcined, reduced, and thermal source is provided by burner 3；The chromium pellet produced enters electric furnace smelting, is smelted than traditional lump ore
Economize on electricity, smelt with burnt reduction, the raising of electric furnace productivity ratio, chromium recovery ratio are improved, flue gas during smelting amount is reduced.Meanwhile, present invention production
Environment is good, efficiency high, product fine, energy consumption are low.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of preheating of fine chrome mine pelletizing and method of roasting, by the pre-heating mean, prevent
Only there is excessive moistening layer below the bed of material of down-draft drying zone in fine chrome mine green-ball, it is to avoid green-ball is produced largely in drying, warm
Broken ball and powder；By the method for roasting, fine chrome mine preheated pellets enter before rotary kiln 2, and heated oscillating screen 4 screens out broken ball and powder,
Enter rotary kiln 2 after screening to be calcined and reduce, it is to avoid the ring formation in rotary kiln 2 in roasting process.
The present invention technique include by fine chrome mine green-ball feeding grate sequentially pass through exhausting section dry, changeover portion preheating,
Preheating section is preheated, and preheated pellets are sieved by heated oscillating screen again, and the preheated pellets after screening are finally sent into roasting in rotary kiln and gone back
It is former.
The preheating section preheating, the waste gas residual heat that thermal source is produced from rotary kiln 2,800~900 DEG C of EGT, heat is useless
Gas is entered the preheating of grate 1 by rotary kiln tail end under the draft effect that 1# heat resisting exhausters 8 and 2# heat resisting exhausters 10 are produced
Section.
The exhausting section is dried, under the draft effect that 2# heat resisting exhausters 10 are produced, the waste gas part that rotary kiln 2 is produced
By the green-ball bed of material on the preheating section of grate 1, waste gas residual heat carries out heat exchange with green-ball, and green-ball is preheated, and intensity is carried
It is high；This portion temperature is reduced, and temperature is reduced to 200~300 DEG C, then after the purification of 2# dedusters 9, by 2# heat resisting exhausters
The exhausting section of 10 feeding grates 1, the green-ball 14 being distributed into the exhausting of grate 1 section is dried, waste gas is again in main induced draft fan
Under the 12 draft effects produced, purify, discharged from chimney 13 through electric precipitation 11.
It is preferred that, the dried EGT of the exhausting section is at 120~140 DEG C.
The changeover portion preheating, under the draft effect that 1# heat resisting exhausters 8 are produced, another portion of waste gas that rotary kiln 2 is produced
Point by the diffusion valve 5 in grate 1, by pipeline by heat exchanger 6, the reduction of this portion temperature, temperature is reduced to 400~
500 DEG C, then after the purification of 1# dedusters 7, the changeover portion of grate 1 is sent into by 1# heat resisting exhausters 8, to the changeover portion of grate 1
On green-ball be further dried, waste gas again main induced draft fan 12 produce draft effect under, purified through electric precipitation 11, from chimney 13
Discharge.
It is preferred that, the EGT after the changeover portion preheating is at 140~160 DEG C.
The roasting reduction of the preheated pellets, is carried out in rotary kiln 2, and rotary kiln is divided into kiln tail, kiln from feeding end
In, kiln hood.The fuel that thermal source is sprayed into by burner 3 is produced.Preheated pellets are sieved from the preheating section of grate 1 through heated oscillating screen 4
Afterwards, into the kiln tail of rotary kiln 2；Rotary kiln is slowly rotated, and pelletizing rolls in kiln, and the thermal current produced with burner 3 is contacted,
Carry out heat exchange to be calcined, simultaneously as matching somebody with somebody carbon in green-ball 14, under high temperature action, pelletizing is also reduced.Due to rotary kiln 2
There is certain inclination angle, gradient 2.5%~3%, as rotary kiln rotates, pelletizing is gradually from kiln tail rolls to kiln, then to kiln hood, roasting
Reduction process is basically completed, and the as finished ball nodulizing discharged from kiln hood, power supply stove is smelted.
It is preferred that, the heated oscillating screen 4 is made up of polylith split, and the gap 8mm of grating 17, broken ball and powder are screened out, greatly
Enter the kiln tail of rotary kiln 2 with guide groove 18 in 8mm preheated pellets；Heated oscillating screen is fixed on kiln tail necking by bolt hole 19
On, rotated as rotary kiln rotates.
It is preferred that, the fuel that the burner 3 is sprayed into can be coal dust, coal gas or the two mixing, and the burner is five
Passage；Combustion flame length, between the 1/3~1/2 of kiln length.
It is preferred that, the kiln tail of the rotary kiln 2, kiln hood blast cold wind by kiln tail cooling blower 15, kiln hood cooling blower 16
Cooling, it is ensured that the service life of rotary kiln.
It is preferred that, preparing the binding agent of the fine chrome mine green-ball includes：Lime or bentonite (sodium base).
It is preferred that, prepare and included in the fine chrome mine green-ball with charcoal bag：Coke or anthracite.
It is preferred that, the fine chrome mine green-ball is prepared, addition moisture is 7~8%.
Brief description of the drawings
The pre-heating mean and the schematic diagram of method of roasting for a kind of fine chrome mine pelletizing that Fig. 1 provides for the present invention.
Fig. 2 be Fig. 1 in heated oscillating screen 4 split schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 be Fig. 1 in burner 3 schematic diagram.
In figure, grate 1, rotary kiln 2, burner 3, heated oscillating screen 4, diffusion valve 5, heat exchanger 6,1# dedusters 7,1# are resistance to
Air-heater 8,2# dedusters 9,2# heat resisting exhausters 10, electric cleaner 11, main induced draft fan 12, chimney 13；Kiln tail cooling blower 15, kiln
Head cooling blower 16, grating 17, guide groove 18, bolt hole 19；Nozzle 20, FlexbleJoint 21, pressure-measuring device 22, oxygen-enriched wind enter
Mouth 23, fuel inlet 24, the regulating valve 26 of ignition channel 25, combustion air entrance 27.
Embodiment
In order to further appreciate that the present invention, the solution of the present invention is described with reference to example, still, these descriptions
It is simply to further illustrate the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than limiting to the claimed invention.
Fig. 1 is referred to, the pre-heating mean of the fine chrome mine green-ball is carried out in grate 1.The grate 1 is from feed
End is divided into exhausting section, changeover portion, preheating section.The preheating section of grate is connected with the kiln tail of rotary kiln 2, the method for roasting
Rotary kiln 2 be used for roasting reduction preheat after pelletizing.The heated oscillating screen 4 is installed on the kiln tail necking of rotary kiln 2, for sieving
The preheated pellets got off from the preheating section of grate 1.The burner 3 is installed on the kiln hood of rotary kiln 2, and there is provided hot needed for roasting reduction
Amount.
In addition, the grate 1 for preparing the fine chrome mine pelletizing includes diffusion valve 5 well known to those skilled in the art, heat exchange
Device 6,1# dedusters 7,1# heat resisting exhausters 8,2# dedusters 9,2# heat resisting exhausters 10, electric cleaner 11, main induced draft fan 12, chimney
13；Rotary kiln 2 includes kiln tail cooling blower 15 well known to those skilled in the art, kiln hood cooling blower 16；Heated oscillating screen 4 includes
Grating 17, guide groove 18, bolt hole 19；Burner 3 includes nozzle 20, FlexbleJoint 21, pressure-measuring device 22, oxygen-enriched wind entrance
23rd, fuel inlet 24, the regulating valve 26 of ignition channel 25, combustion air entrance 27.
Fine chrome mine green-ball 14 is sent into grate 1 and carries out dry exhausting section, changeover portion preheating, preheating section preheating, heat successively
The waste gas residual heat that source is produced from rotary kiln 2, EGT is 850 DEG C.
The exhausting section is carried out to dry, under the draft effect that 2# heat resisting exhausters 10 are produced, the waste gas one that rotary kiln 2 is produced
Part carries out heat exchange by the green-ball bed of material on the preheating section of grate 1, waste gas residual heat with green-ball, and green-ball is preheated, and intensity is obtained
To raising；This portion temperature is reduced, and temperature is reduced to 250 DEG C, then after the purification of 2# dedusters 9, by 2# heat resisting exhausters
The exhausting section of 10 feeding grates 1, the green-ball 14 being distributed into the exhausting of grate 1 section is dried, waste gas is again in main induced draft fan
Under the 12 draft effects produced, purify, discharged from chimney 13 through electric precipitation 11.
It is preferred that, the dried EGT of the exhausting section is at 140 DEG C.
The changeover portion preheating is carried out, under the draft effect that 1# heat resisting exhausters 8 are produced, the waste gas that rotary kiln 2 is produced is another
A part is by the diffusion valve 5 in grate 1, and by pipeline by heat exchanger 6, this portion temperature reduction, temperature is reduced to
440 DEG C, then after the purification of 1# dedusters 7, the changeover portion of grate 1 is sent into by 1# heat resisting exhausters 8, to the changeover portion of grate 1
On green-ball be further dried, waste gas again main induced draft fan 12 produce draft effect under, purified through electric precipitation 11, from chimney 13
Discharge.
It is preferred that, the EGT after the changeover portion preheating is at 160 DEG C.
It is preferred that, the heat that heat exchanger 6 swaps out, producing steam.
The roasting reduction of the preheated pellets, is carried out in rotary kiln 2, and rotary kiln is divided into kiln tail, kiln from feeding end
In, kiln hood.The fuel that thermal source is sprayed into by burner 3 is produced.Preheated pellets are sieved from the preheating section of grate 1 through heated oscillating screen 4
Afterwards, into the kiln tail of rotary kiln 2；Rotary kiln is slowly rotated, and pelletizing rolls in kiln, and the thermal current produced with burner 3 is contacted,
Carry out heat exchange to be calcined, simultaneously as matching somebody with somebody carbon in green-ball 14, under high temperature action, pelletizing is also reduced.Due to rotary kiln 2
There is certain inclination angle, gradient 3%, as rotary kiln rotates, pelletizing is gradually from kiln tail rolls to kiln, then to kiln hood, roasting reduction mistake
Journey is basically completed, and the as finished ball nodulizing discharged from kiln hood, power supply stove is smelted.
It is preferred that, the heated oscillating screen 4 is made up of polylith split, and the gap 8mm of grating 17, broken ball and powder are screened out, greatly
Enter the kiln tail of rotary kiln 2 with guide groove 18 in 8mm preheated pellets；Heated oscillating screen is fixed on kiln tail necking by bolt hole 19
On, rotated as rotary kiln rotates.
It is preferred that, the fuel that the burner 3 is sprayed into uses coal dust, coal gas blending constituent, and the burner is Five-channel；
Combustion flame length, between the 2/5 of kiln length.
It is preferred that, the kiln tail of the rotary kiln 2, kiln hood blast cold wind by kiln tail cooling blower 15, kiln hood cooling blower 16
Cooling, it is ensured that the service life of rotary kiln.
It is preferred that, the binding agent for preparing the fine chrome mine green-ball uses bentonite (sodium base), with addition of 1.97%.
It is preferred that, prepare in the fine chrome mine green-ball and use coke with charcoal, with addition of 11.84%.
It is preferred that, the fine chrome mine green-ball is prepared, water 7.24% is added.
It is preferred that, prepare the fine chrome mine green-ball, fine chrome mine proportioning 78.95%.
The preheating of the fine chrome mine pelletizing provided above the present invention and method of roasting are discussed in detail, this paper implementation
Mode, is served only for understanding the method and core concept of the present invention.Simultaneously for those skilled in the art, do not departing from
On the premise of the principle of the invention, some improvement carried out to the present invention, these improvement also fall into scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of pre-heating mean and method of roasting of fine chrome mine pelletizing, it is characterised in that including fine chrome mine green-ball is sent into chain grate
Machine sequentially passes through dry exhausting section, changeover portion preheating, preheating section preheating, and preheated pellets are sieved by heated oscillating screen again, after screening
Preheated pellets finally send into roasting reduction in rotary kiln；
The exhausting section is dried, and the waste gas that rotary kiln (2) is produced is a part of by the green-ball bed of material on grate (1) preheating section,
Waste gas residual heat carries out heat exchange with green-ball, and green-ball is preheated, and this portion temperature reduction, temperature is reduced to 200~300 DEG C,
Again after 2# dedusters (9) purification, the exhausting section of grate (1) is sent into by 2# heat resisting exhausters 10, is taken out to being distributed into grate (1)
Green-ball (14) in wind section is dried；
The changeover portion preheating, waste gas another part that rotary kiln (2) is produced is by the diffusion valve (5) in grate (1), by pipe
Road is by heat exchanger (6), and this portion temperature reduction, temperature is reduced to 400~500 DEG C, then is purified by 1# dedusters (7)
Afterwards, the changeover portion of grate (1) is sent into by 1# heat resisting exhausters (8), the green-ball on grate (1) changeover portion is further dried；
The preheating section preheating, thermal source comes from the waste gas residual heat that rotary kiln (2) is produced, 800~900 DEG C of EGT, hot waste gas
Under the draft effect that 1# heat resisting exhausters (8) and 2# heat resisting exhausters (10) are produced, the pre- of grate (1) is entered by rotary kiln tail end
Hot arc；
The roasting reduction of the preheated pellets, is carried out in rotary kiln (2), completes the roasting and reduction of preheated pellets；Rotary kiln
Gradient 2.5%~3%, from feeding end be divided into kiln tail, kiln in, kiln hood, respectively correspond to low-temperature space, high-temperature region, middle warm area；Heat
Source is produced by burner (3), and preheated pellets by grate (1) preheating section before rotary kiln (2) is entered, and preheated pellets are by heated oscillating screen
(4) powder is screened out；
The heat energy producing steam that heat exchanger (6) swaps out, or cogeneration；
The fuel that burner (3) is sprayed into is coal dust, coal gas or the two mixing, and the burner is Five-channel；Combustion flame length,
Between the 1/3~1/2 of kiln length；
Rotary kiln (2) kiln tail, kiln hood blast cold front heavy rain by kiln tail cooling blower (15), kiln hood cooling blower (16)；
Heated oscillating screen (4) is made up of polylith split, and grating (17) gap 8mm, broken ball and powder are screened out, more than the pre- hot-bulbs of 8mm
Group enters the kiln tail of rotary kiln (2) with guide groove (18)；Heated oscillating screen is fixed in kiln tail necking by bolt hole (19), with
Rotary kiln rotates and rotated.
2. the pre-heating mean and method of roasting of fine chrome mine pelletizing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the exhausting section
Dried EGT is at 120~140 DEG C.
3. the pre-heating mean and method of roasting of fine chrome mine pelletizing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the changeover portion
EGT after preheating is at 140~160 DEG C.
4. the pre-heating mean and method of roasting of the fine chrome mine pelletizing according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that described useless
Gas is purified under the draft effect that main induced draft fan (12) is produced through electric precipitation (11), from chimney (13) discharge.
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| CN105586498B (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2017-09-26 | 李宾 | The method of efficient step fork fraction rotary reduction furnace direct-reduction production ferronickel |
| CN106065432A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-11-02 | 江西格林美资源循环有限公司 | The method of roasting of a kind of useless fluorescent material and device |
| CN108267009B (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2023-12-12 | 中冶北方（大连）工程技术有限公司 | Hot air system of chain grate machine |
| CN108332562A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-07-27 | 中冶北方（大连）工程技术有限公司 | Grate preheating section concurrent heating system |
| CN112320775B (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2022-07-26 | 长沙矿冶研究院有限责任公司 | Rotary kiln method phosphoric acid production system and method for preheating and high-temperature consolidation outside kiln |
| CN115164540B (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2023-06-23 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | Block ore pretreatment system and pretreatment method based on liner rotary kiln |
| CN115178467B (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2023-06-23 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | Lump ore pretreatment system and pretreatment method based on shaft tube type rotary kiln |
| CN113293282B (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2022-11-22 | 北京首钢国际工程技术有限公司 | Method for preparing chromium concentrate oxidized pellets by grate rotary kiln and hot charging smelting method |
| CN113842772A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-28 | 柳州钢铁股份有限公司 | Grate-rotary kiln pellet flue gas SCR denitration method |
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| CN201706487U (en) * | 2010-05-22 | 2011-01-12 | 襄樊大力机电技术有限公司 | Anthracite powdered coal burner for a rotary kiln |
| CN102242254B (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2012-11-07 | 中南大学 | High sulfide pyrite pellet reinforced roasting consolidation technology |
| CN203464692U (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2014-03-05 | 朱强龙 | Rotary kiln and thermal vibrating screen thereof |
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