CN104829651A - 一种锰酞菁衍生物及其合成方法和用途 - Google Patents

一种锰酞菁衍生物及其合成方法和用途 Download PDF

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CN104829651A
CN104829651A CN201510217851.6A CN201510217851A CN104829651A CN 104829651 A CN104829651 A CN 104829651A CN 201510217851 A CN201510217851 A CN 201510217851A CN 104829651 A CN104829651 A CN 104829651A
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梁丽莉
梁旭
李敏智
牛英杰
朱卫华
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种锰酞菁衍生物及其合成方法和用途,该衍生物可用于电催化还原降解有机氯的催化剂,尤其可用于对滴滴涕(DDT)进行电化学催化还原降解的催化剂。所述方法是用设计合成的高溶解性的锰酞菁衍生物作为催化剂,利用电化学还原的方法降解滴滴涕。降解还原以铂金网分别为工作电极和辅助电极,饱和甘汞电极为参比电极,高溶解性的锰酞菁衍生物为催化剂,四丁基高氯酸铵(TBAP)为支持电解质,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为电解液,在一定的控制电位下短时间内对滴滴涕(DDT)进行电催化降解,转化率达到100%。该催化剂具有合成简单、降解速率快、转化率高等特点。

Description

一种锰酞菁衍生物及其合成方法和用途
技术领域
本发明涉及一种锰酞菁衍生物及其合成方法和用途,该衍生物可用于电化学还原降解有机氯的催化剂,尤其可用于对滴滴涕进行电化学催化还原降解的催化剂。
背景技术
有机氯农药是人们投放于环境中的使用量最大、毒性最广和污染最广泛的一类污染物,滴滴涕是其中的一种,也是列入《关于持久性有机污染物的斯德哥尔摩公约》中的12种持久性有机污染物之一。滴滴涕曾在20世纪60~80年代为我国大量生产和使用,于1992年被禁止使用,但在短期内难以消除由此引起的严重环境后果。
近年来,人们对有机氯污染物危害的认识日益加深,对有机氯污染物的处理研究也受到了更多的关注。目前针对滴滴涕(DDT)降解,采用的技术主要有微生物处理、化学催化等。
中国专利ZL201010158793.1公开了一种电化学还原降解滴滴涕(DDT)的方法,其特征在于:所述方法是以铂金网为工作电极和辅助电极,饱和甘汞电极为参比电极,卟啉类金属化合物为催化剂,四丁基高氯酸铵(TBAP)为支持电解质,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为电解液,电解滴滴涕,作为催化剂的卟啉类金属化合物,其结构为:
该专利涉及的可行的降解方法,应用于滴滴涕(DDT)降解时的速率却不够高,具体见对比例。
对比例1:
阴极电解槽中的电解液含有N-N二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),支持电解质为四丁基高氯酸铵(TBAP),每1L电解液(DMF)中含支持电解质为34.15g。
阳极电解槽中的电解液含有四苯基氯化锰卟啉[(TPP)Mn(III)Cl]、滴滴涕(DDT),四丁基高氯酸铵、N-N二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)。每1L电解液中:[(TPP)Mn(III)Cl]0.49g、滴滴涕(DDT)3.76g、四丁基高氯酸铵34.15g。
施加电位在-1.60V(相对于饱和甘汞电极),电解5小时。
移取1mL的阳极电解槽中的电解液,减压蒸馏除去DMF,用2mL环己烷或乙醚进行浸取,用气质联用(GC-MS)技术进行检测,降解率为82.8%。
对比例2:
阴极电解槽中的电解液含有N-N二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),支持电解质为四丁基高氯酸铵(TBAP),每1L电解液(DMF)中含支持电解质为34.15g。
阳极电解槽中的电解液含有四苯基氯化铁卟啉[(TPP)Fe(III)Cl]、滴滴涕(DDT),四丁基高氯酸铵、N-N二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)。每1L电解液中:[(TPP)Fe(III)Cl]0.31g、滴滴涕(DDT)1.46g、四丁基高氯酸铵34.15g。
施加电位在-1.50V(相对于饱和甘汞电极),电解3小时。
移取1mL的阳极电解槽中的电解液,减压蒸馏除去DMF,用2mL环己烷或乙醚进行浸取,用气质联用(GC-MS)技术进行检测,降解率为100%。
对比例的降解结果:
nL:电解时滴滴涕(DDT)的物质的量;np:电解时所用催化剂的物质的量。
目前技术方法普遍存在耗时长,单位处理量少、能耗大、设备成本大等一些缺点。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的不足,本发明提供了一种锰酞菁衍生物及其合成方法,可用作电催化降解滴滴涕的新型催化剂,具有合成简单和降解速率高的特点。
本发明是通过以下技术手段实现上述技术目的的。
一种锰酞菁衍生物,该衍生物为三价锰氯(α,α’-OC5H11)8-酞菁[Mn(III)Cl(α,α’-OC5H11)8-Pc],结构通式为:
其中,
一种锰酞菁衍生物的合成方法,包括如下步骤:
在1,4-OC5H11-2,3-邻苯二氰中加入氯化锰,置于喹啉溶液中,160℃~200℃下,N2氛围中反应1~4h,经柱层析纯化可得到目标三价锰氯(α,α’-OC5H11)8-酞菁[Mn(III)Cl(α,α’-OC5H11)8-Pc],产率大于80%,合成路径为:
一种锰酞菁衍生物的合成方法,包括如下步骤:
在1,4-OC5H11-2,3-邻苯二氰中加入氯化锰,置于喹啉溶液中,180℃下,N2氛围中反应2h,经柱层析纯化可得到目标三价锰氯(α,α’-OC5H11)8-酞菁[Mn(III)Cl(α,α’-OC5H11)8-Pc],产率大于82.3%。
所述合成方法中,1,4-OC5H11-2,3-邻苯二氰和氯化锰物质的量之比为1:2。
所述锰酞菁衍生物作为电化学还原降解滴滴涕的催化剂。
所述锰酞菁衍生物作为电化学还原降解滴滴涕的催化剂时的使用方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)被电解的化合物为滴滴涕,以铂金网分别为工作电极和辅助电极,以饱和甘汞电极为参比电极;
(2)阴极电解槽中的电解液为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺DMF,电解液DMF中含有支持电解质四丁基高氯酸铵TBAP;
阳极电解槽中的电解液为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺DMF,电解液DMF中含有支持电解质四丁基高氯酸铵(TBAP);电解液中还需加入三价锰氯(α,α’-OC5H11)8-酞菁[Mn(III)Cl(α,α’-OC5H11)8-Pc]作为催化剂,饱和甘汞电极和电解液用盐桥隔开,阴阳电解池之间采用陶瓷电解隔膜隔开;
(3)对电解液施加电压,电解。
所述锰酞菁衍生物作为电化学还原降解滴滴涕的催化剂,催化剂和滴滴涕物质的量之比为1:10。
上述步骤(3)中,所述施加的电压为-1.60~-2.00V,电解时间为1h。
上述步骤(2)中,所述阴极电解槽中每升电解液DMF中含有支持电解质四丁基高氯酸铵TBAP 34.15g;所述阳极电解槽中每升电解液DMF中含有支持电解质四丁基高氯酸铵TBAP 34.15g。
上述电解所得产物用气质联用仪(GC-MS)进行检测分析。
电解完成后,将阳极电解槽中的电解液减压蒸馏以回收DMF,再用两倍体积于电解液的环己烷或乙醚进行萃取,从萃取后的残渣中回收催化剂和支持电解质循环再利用。
本发明的有益效果为:
本发明提供的锰酞菁衍生物,合成方法简单,所得的三价锰氯(α,α’-OC5H11)8-酞菁[Mn(III)Cl(α,α’-OC5H11)8-Pc]可用于电化学还原降解滴滴涕的催化剂,该催化剂降解效率高,使用方法简单。
附图说明
图1为本发明的电解原理示意图;
具体实施方式
下面结合附图以及具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明,但本发明的保护范围并不限于此。
实施例:
阴极电解槽中的电解液含有N-N二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),支持电解质为四丁基高氯酸铵,每1L电解液中含支持电解质为34.15g。
阳极电解槽中的电解液含有三价锰氯(α,α’-OC5H11)8-酞菁[Mn(III)Cl(α,α’-OC5H11)8-Pc]、滴滴涕,四丁基高氯酸铵、N-N二甲基甲酰胺。每1L电解液中:Mn(III)Cl(α,α’-OC5H11)8-Pc0.65g、滴滴涕1.78g、四丁基高氯酸铵34.15g。
分别施加电位在-1.60V,1.80V,2.00V(相对于饱和甘汞电极SCE),电解1小时。
移取1mL的阳极电解槽中的电解液,减压蒸馏除去DMF,用2mL环己烷或乙醚进行浸取,用气质联用(GC-MS)技术进行检测,降解率为100%。
nL:电解时滴滴涕的物质的量;np:电解时所用催化剂的物质的量。
所述实施例为本发明的优选的实施方式,但本发明并不限于上述实施方式,在不背离本发明的实质内容的情况下,本领域技术人员能够做出的任何显而易见的改进、替换或变型均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种锰酞菁衍生物,其特征在于,该衍生物为三价锰氯(α,α’-OC5H11)8-酞菁[Mn(III)Cl(α,α’-OC5H11)8-Pc],结构通式为:
其中,
2.如权利要求1所述的一种锰酞菁衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
在1,4-OC5H11-2,3-邻苯二氰中加入氯化锰,置于喹啉溶液中,160℃~200℃下,N2氛围中反应1~4h,经柱层析纯化可得到目标三价锰氯(α,α’-OC5H11)8-酞菁[Mn(III)Cl(α,α’-OC5H11)8-Pc],产率大于80%,合成路径为:
3.如权利要求2所述的一种锰酞菁衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
在1,4-OC5H11-2,3-邻苯二氰中加入氯化锰,置于喹啉溶液中,180℃下,N2氛围中反应2h,经柱层析纯化可得到目标三价锰氯(α,α’-OC5H11)8-酞菁[Mn(III)Cl(α,α’-OC5H11)8-Pc],产率大于82.3%。
4.如权利要求2或3所述的一种锰酞菁衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述1,4-OC5H11-2,3-邻苯二氰和氯化锰物质的量之比为1:2。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种锰酞菁衍生物的用途,其特征在于,该化合物为电化学还原降解滴滴涕的催化剂。
6.如权利要求5所述的一种锰酞菁衍生物的用途,其特征在于,使用方法包括如下步骤:
(1)被电解的化合物为滴滴涕,以铂金网分别为工作电极和辅助电极,以饱和甘汞电极为参比电极;
(2)阴极电解槽中的电解液为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺DMF,电解液DMF中含有支持电解质四丁基高氯酸铵TBAP;
阳极电解槽中的电解液为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺DMF,电解液DMF中含有支持电解质四丁基高氯酸铵(TBAP);电解液中还需加入三价锰氯(α,α’-OC5H11)8-酞菁[Mn(III)Cl(α,α’-OC5H11)8-Pc]作为催化剂,饱和甘汞电极和电解液用盐桥隔开,阴阳电解池之间采用陶瓷电解隔膜隔开;
(3)对电解液施加电压,电解。
7.如权利要求6所述的一种锰酞菁衍生物的用途,其特征在于,所述催化剂和滴滴涕物质的量之比为1:10。
8.如权利要求6所述的一种锰酞菁衍生物的用途,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述施加的电压为-1.60~-2.00V,电解时间为1h。
9.如权利要求6所述的一种锰酞菁衍生物的用途,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述阴极电解槽中每升电解液DMF中含有支持电解质四丁基高氯酸铵TBAP 34.15g;所述阳极电解槽中每升电解液DMF中含有支持电解质四丁基高氯酸铵TBAP 34.15g。
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