CN104826862B - Dual limit value heavy metal pollution degree degrading method - Google Patents
Dual limit value heavy metal pollution degree degrading method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a dual limit value heavy metal pollution degree degrading method, which is based on two dimensions with two limit values namely total heavy metal content and leaching concentration. The benchmark value and limit value of total heavy metal content are used to grade polluted soil or sediment, the control on total heavy metal content is emphasized, and the environment capacity of soil and sediment is increased. The benchmark value and limit value of leaching concentration of heavy metals are used to grade polluted soil or sediment, the control on the heavy metal chemical morphology easy for mobility is emphasized, and the risk that heavy metals in the soil and sediment migrate to the environment is reduced. The provided method solve that problems that (1) the method that solely relies on total amount to grade cannot really represent the bio-toxicity and mobility of pollutants; (2) the operation of the method that solely relies on morphology is bad, moreover, the evaluation is exaggerated, and the result is not accord with the actual situation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to heavy-metal contaminated soil or water body deposit bed mud administer recovery technique field, more particularly, to one
Plant double limit value heavy metal pollution degree stage divisions.
Background technology
Evaluated in the method for heavy metal pollution degree of soil and water body deposit bed mud at present, it is conventional both at home and abroad to have two classes
Method, based on differing multiple to be classified between heavy metal total content and soil desired value, this kind of method has a class
Single contamination index method, Nei Meiluo pollution integrated index methods, potential ecological risk assessment.With the biology poison of mankind's heavy metal
Understanding in depth for property, is occurred in that Equations of The Second Kind stage division, i.e., the pollution situation of heavy metal is assessed based on Heavy Metals, be
Heavy Metal Pollution Control provides more scientific foundation, this kind of method have RAC (Risk Assessment Code) Risk Evaluation Factors,
The secondary method such as with primary phase (RSP) ratio method.
But above-mentioned two classes method is all built upon the hierarchy model in a dimension.
First kind method is the method based on heavy metal in soil total content, the method based on huge sum of money stone total amount grading evaluation
The bio-toxicity and pollution animal migration of pollutant can not really be reflected.For example：Some contents are very high, but its bio-toxicity is not
Greatly, classification improves processing cost in an amount；Some contents are very low, but the transportable form presence of the form of its presence,
Its bio-toxicity is still very big；Deal with improperly and do not reach expected management goal, environmental risk can be increased on the contrary.
Equations of The Second Kind method is based on heavy metal form present in soil or bed mud, i.e., directly to evaluate the life of heavy metal
Thing toxicity and transportable property, but the fractional extraction method of current form is varied, does not have uniformity, does not have comparability, and
Ignore the total content of heavy metal, have sometimes evaluation result and actual grave fault.Therefore, only by chemical form completing
Classification also less subject, the operability of practical application are poor.As the toxicity of heavy metal is because of its species, concentration and open-assembly time
It is different and different, this index can only also provide the approximate range of heavy metal validity.
There are the balance contradictory problems between total amount and chemical form in existing heavy metal pollution stage division at present, it is impossible to
Solve the problems, such as pollution classification objectively, it is science, treatment in accordance with local conditions reflect actual heavy metal pollution degree, to follow-up weight
Metallic pollution repairing and treating all brings great uncertainty.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is contemplated that propose a kind of pair of limit value heavy metal pollution degree stage division, with overcome it is single according to
By total metalses or the shortcoming of the tradable chemical form proportion of heavy metal.Seek a kind of effective evaluation and go out heavy metal
The degree of pollution, to administer for later stage scientific and reasonable, safe and reliable selection heavy metal and restorative procedure is provided with more section
Support.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme is that what is be achieved in that：
A kind of pair of limit value heavy metal pollution degree stage division, comprises the steps,
1) with reference to the soil background that related soil standard and engineering are local, and by environmental risk assessment, it is determined that suitable
For the reference level values M and limit value content value N of the heavy metal total content of project；
2) function zoning after integration project Regional, terrain characteristics, consist of the chemical form of analysis heavy metal
To judge its effective mobility, with reference to concerned countries leaching concentration standard, and then determine benchmark dissolution value P and limit of leaching concentration
Value dissolution value Q；
3) determine hierarchy model, by step 1) reference level values of heavy metal total content that obtain and limit value content, with step
The benchmark dissolution value and limit value dissolution value of the rapid leaching concentration for 2) obtaining carries out orthogonal, the wherein heavy metal total content L of project
Represent, the leaching concentration of project represents that with K hierarchy model is as follows：
As L≤M and K≤P, it is pollution-free area；
As M ＜ L≤N and K≤P, or when L≤M and P ＜ K≤Q, it is light contamination area；
As M ＜ L≤N and P ＜ K≤Q, or when L≤M and K ＞ Q, it is slight pollution area；
As M ＜ L≤N and K ＞ Q, or L ＞ N and K≤P, or when L ＞ N and P ＜ K≤Q, be intermediate pollution area；
As L ＞ N and K ＞ Q, it is severe contaminated area.
Preferably, step 1) in, the heavy metal total content is provided with two-stage limit value content, respectively the first limit value content
Value N1 and the second limit value content value N2, and N1 ＜ N2；Then step 3) in, hierarchy model is as follows：
As L≤M and K≤P, it is pollution-free area；
As M ＜ L≤N1 and K≤P, or when L≤M and P ＜ K≤Q, it is light contamination area；
As M ＜ L≤N1 and P ＜ K≤Q, or when L≤M and K ＞ Q, it is slight pollution area；
As M ＜ L≤N1 and K ＞ Q, or N1 ＜ L≤N2 and K≤P, or during N1 ＜ L≤N2 and P ＜ K≤Q, be moderate
Contaminated area；
As L ＞ N2, or during N1 ＜ L≤N2 and K ＞ Q, it is severe contaminated area.
Preferably, step 3) in, as L ＞ N2 and K ＞ Q, it is safe disposal area, no matter whether the leaching concentration that place postpones
Reduce, be required to carry out safe disposal.
Present invention also offers double limit value heavy metal pollution degree stage divisions as above are in heavy metal pollution degree
Application in classification.
Relative to prior art, of the present invention pair of limit value heavy metal pollution degree stage division has the advantage that：
The present invention relies solely on single dimension to describe the shortcoming of pollution level for the pollution classification method presence of existing two big class,
Propose the hierarchy model based on the double limit values of two dimensions of heavy metal total content in soil or bed mud and leaching concentration.Both solved
The method of single dependence total amount grading evaluation can not really reflect the bio-toxicity of pollutant and pollution migration sex chromosome mosaicism, and
And also solve the problems, such as that the operability that single dependence morphology is divided is poor, and can cause to evaluate excessively not being inconsistent with reality.
The present invention uses the hierarchical pattern of the double limit values of two dimensions of heavy metal total content and leaching concentration, specifically：
One is contaminated soil or bed mud to be classified using heavy metal total content reference value and limit value, emphasizes heavy metal total content
Control, improves the environmental carrying capacity of soil and bed mud；Two is to contaminated soil using the leaching concentration reference value and limit value of heavy metal
The control of the easy migration chemistry form of heavy metal or bed mud is classified, is emphasized, soil and the heavy metal in bed mud is reduced to ring
The risk of border migration.As the pollution level classification of soil and bed mud determines that the later stage repairs the technology path taken, the present invention
Can realize, while the soil and bed mud heavy metal environmental carrying capacity value after repairing is improved, being reduced in soil and bed mud again
Risk from heavy metal to environmental transport and transfer.
Description of the drawings
The accompanying drawing for constituting the part of the present invention is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, the schematic reality of the present invention
Apply example and its illustrate, for explaining the present invention, not constituting inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the orthogonal schematic diagram of the double restriction heavy metal pollution degree stage divisions described in the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 2 is the orthogonal schematic diagram of the double restriction heavy metal pollution degree stage divisions described in the embodiment of the present invention two.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the invention can
To be mutually combined.
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments describing the present invention in detail.
Embodiment one
As shown in figure 1, a kind of pair of limit value heavy metal pollution degree stage division, comprises the steps,
1) with reference to the soil background that related soil standard and engineering are local, and by environmental risk assessment, it is determined that suitable
For the reference level values M and limit value content value N of the heavy metal total content of project；Wherein reference level values are environmental permission value,
Less than this numerical value be it is safe, can without process；It is soiling value higher than this value, has contemplated that and administered；Limit value content value is to repair
Multiple action value, must administer more than this value.
2) function zoning after integration project Regional, terrain characteristics, consist of the chemical form of analysis heavy metal
To judge its effective mobility, with reference to concerned countries leaching concentration standard, and then determine benchmark dissolution value P and limit of leaching concentration
Value dissolution value Q；Wherein benchmark dissolution value is environmental permission value, is safe less than this numerical value, without processing higher than this value can be
Soiling value, has contemplated that and is administered；Dissolution value is limited, is reparation action value, must be administered more than this value.
3) determine hierarchy model, by step 1) reference level values of heavy metal total content that obtain and limit value content, with step
The benchmark dissolution value and limit value dissolution value of the rapid leaching concentration for 2) obtaining carries out orthogonal, and 9 interval, wherein weights of project are obtained
Total metal content represents that with L the leaching concentration of project represents that with K hierarchy model is as follows：
As L≤M and K≤P, that is, 1 interval is numbered, is pollution-free area；
As M ＜ L≤N and K≤P, or when L≤M and P ＜ K≤Q, i.e., label is respectively 3 and 2 interval, is light contamination
Area；
As M ＜ L≤N and P ＜ K≤Q, or when L≤M and K ＞ Q, i.e., label is respectively 4 and 5 interval, is slight pollution
Area；
As M ＜ L≤N and K ＞ Q, or L ＞ N and K≤P, or when L ＞ N and P ＜ K≤Q, that is, it is numbered 6,7 and 8 area
Between, it is intermediate pollution area；
As L ＞ N and K ＞ Q, that is, 9 interval is numbered, is severe contaminated area.
Embodiment two
As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of pair of limit value heavy metal pollution degree stage division, comprises the steps,
1) with reference to the soil background that related soil standard and engineering are local, and by environmental risk assessment, it is determined that suitable
For the reference level values M and limit value content N of the heavy metal total content of project, wherein the heavy metal total content is provided with two-stage
Limit value content, respectively the first limit value content value N1 and the second limit value content value N2, and N1 ＜ N2；Reference level values, this value is
Environmental permission value, less than this numerical value be it is safe, can without process；It is soiling value higher than this value, has contemplated that and administered；First
Limit value content value, this value are the action value repaired, and must be administered more than this value, the second limit value content value, and this value is safe disposal
Action value, more than this value, it is proposed that carry out safe disposal.
2) function zoning after integration project Regional, terrain characteristics, consist of the chemical form of analysis heavy metal
To judge its effective mobility, with reference to concerned countries leaching concentration standard, and then determine benchmark dissolution value P and limit of leaching concentration
Value dissolution value Q；Wherein benchmark dissolution value, this value are environmental permission value, less than this numerical value be it is safe, can be without processing；It is higher than
This value is soiling value, has contemplated that and is administered.Limit value dissolution value, this value are the action value repaired, and must be administered more than this value.
3) determine hierarchy model, by step 1) reference level values of heavy metal total content that obtain and limit value content, with step
The benchmark dissolution value and limit value dissolution value of the rapid leaching concentration for 2) obtaining carries out orthogonal, the wherein heavy metal total content L of project
Represent, the leaching concentration of project represents that with K hierarchy model is as follows：
As L≤M and K≤P, that is, 1 interval is numbered, is pollution-free area；
As M ＜ L≤N1 and K≤P, or when L≤M and P ＜ K≤Q, that is, 3 and 2 interval is numbered, is light contamination area；
As M ＜ L≤N1 and P ＜ K≤Q, or when L≤M and K ＞ Q, that is, 4 and 5 interval is numbered, is slight pollution area；
As M ＜ L≤N1 and K ＞ Q, or N1 ＜ L≤N2 and K≤P, or during N1 ＜ L≤N2 and P ＜ K≤Q, i.e. label
For 6,7,8 interval, it is intermediate pollution area；
As L ＞ N2, or during N1 ＜ L≤N2 and K ＞ Q, that is, 10,11,12,9 interval is numbered, is severe contaminated area.
12 interval is numbered, is safe disposal area, no matter whether the leaching concentration that place postpones reduces, and is required to be pacified
It is complete to dispose.
Two blocks of soil, A Cadmium in Soil concentration are 1.8mg/kg, and its chemical form 90% exists (basic with residual form form
Not dissolution), 10% has (can be with dissolution) with exchangeable species；B Cadmium in Soil concentration be 0.9mg/kg, its chemical form with
There is (not dissolution substantially) with residual form form in its chemical form 10%, 90% has (can be with dissolution) with exchangeable species；
If reference《Standard of soil environment quality》(GB15618-1995) evaluating, A soil its total content value exceedes
《Standard of soil environment quality》(GB15618-1995) the total amount limit value of grade III Standard 1.0mg/kg, by from the point of view of GB15618 not
Suitably use as agricultural land soil.But from the point of view of which pollutes animal migration, as 10% Cd fractionation can be dissolution, temporarily
With 1.8 × 10%=0.18, this value represents its degree discharged in environment.
B soil its total content value is less than《Standard of soil environment quality》(GB15618-1995) grade III Standard 1.0mg/kg
Total amount limit value, use as agricultural land soil where soil background height by suitable from the point of view of GB15618.But from its pollution
From the point of view of animal migration, as 90% Cd fractionation can be dissolution, temporarily with 0.9 × 90%=0.81, this value represents which to ring
The degree discharged in border.
Analyze iff from total content, with reference to《Standard of soil environment quality》(GB15618-1995), A soil is uncomfortable
Close agricultural, B soil is adapted to agricultural.But analyze from leachable actual effect, the dissolution toxicity of B soil is A soil dissolution poison
0.81/0.18=4.5 times of property.
Although A soil total contents are 2 times of B soil total contents, the dissolution toxicity of B soil is 4.5 times of A soil.
Total content it is low, standard compliant soil toxicity it is unexpectedly bigger.
It can be seen that increase on the basis of the classification of total content limit value leaching concentration limit value be it is so necessary and important,
Double limit value pollution classification methods can more reflect the real toxic grade of heavy metal-polluted soil.
The preferred embodiment of the invention is the foregoing is only, it is not to limit the invention, all at this
Within the spirit and principle of innovation and creation, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in the invention
Protection domain within.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of pair of limit value heavy metal pollution degree stage division, it is characterised in that：Comprise the steps,
1) with reference to the soil background that related soil standard and engineering are local, and by environmental risk assessment, it is determined that being applied to
The reference level values M and limit value content value N of the heavy metal total content of project；The two-stage limit value that is provided with of the heavy metal total content contains
Amount, respectively the first limit value content value N1 and the second limit value content value N2, and N1 ＜ N2；
2) function zoning after integration project Regional, terrain characteristics, are sentenced by the chemical form composition of analysis heavy metal
Break its effective mobility, with reference to concerned countries leaching concentration standard, and then determines that benchmark dissolution value P and limit value of leaching concentration are molten
Go out value Q；
3) determine hierarchy model, by step 1) reference level values of heavy metal total content that obtain and limit value content, with step 2)
The benchmark dissolution value and limit value dissolution value of the leaching concentration for obtaining carries out orthogonal, and the heavy metal total content of wherein project is represented with L,
The leaching concentration of project represents that with K hierarchy model is as follows：
As L≤M and K≤P, it is pollution-free area；
As M ＜ L≤N1 and K≤P, or when L≤M and P ＜ K≤Q, it is light contamination area；
As M ＜ L≤N1 and P ＜ K≤Q, or when L≤M and K ＞ Q, it is slight pollution area；
As M ＜ L≤N1 and K ＞ Q, or N1 ＜ L≤N2 and K≤P, or during N1 ＜ L≤N2 and P ＜ K≤Q, be intermediate pollution
Area；
As L ＞ N2, or during N1 ＜ L≤N2 and K ＞ Q, it is severe contaminated area.
2. according to claim 1 pair of limit value heavy metal pollution degree stage division, it is characterised in that：Step 3) in, work as L
When ＞ N2 and K ＞ Q, it is safe disposal area, no matter whether the leaching concentration that place postpones reduces, and is required to carry out safe disposal.
3. double limit value heavy metal pollution degree stage divisions as claimed in claim 1 or 2 are in heavy metal pollution degree classification
Application.
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| CN105396869A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-03-16 | 成都绿源新创环保科技有限公司 | Comprehensive zoning treatment method for soil heavy metal pollution |
| CN111505241A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-08-07 | 深圳市宇驰检测技术股份有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and medium for evaluating pollution level of soil around enterprise |
| CN111847813B (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2022-06-10 | 中交第三公路工程局有限公司 | In-situ bottom sediment remediation method |
| CN116237353A (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2023-06-09 | 河北地质大学 | Method for repairing heavy metal pollution of landfill |
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| EP0390830B1 (en) * | 1987-12-18 | 1992-09-09 | Gerling Consulting Gruppe Institute Für Risiko-Consulting Plus Sicherheits-Management GmbH | Process for removal and qualitative analysis of cyanides in contaminated soils |
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