CN116237353A - Method for repairing heavy metal pollution of landfill - Google Patents
Method for repairing heavy metal pollution of landfill Download PDFInfo
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- CN116237353A CN116237353A CN202310145416.1A CN202310145416A CN116237353A CN 116237353 A CN116237353 A CN 116237353A CN 202310145416 A CN202310145416 A CN 202310145416A CN 116237353 A CN116237353 A CN 116237353A
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- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;hydroxide;triphosphate Chemical compound [OH-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 claims description 3
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/3103—Atomic absorption analysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/30—Landfill technologies aiming to mitigate methane emissions
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of repairing landfill heavy metal pollution, and discloses a method for repairing landfill heavy metal pollution. The method for detecting the heavy metal of the landfill is simple and convenient; meanwhile, an improved potential environmental ecological risk index EERI is established by the method for evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metal pollution of the landfill based on a Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI), and factors such as characteristics of the heavy metal of the landfill, an environmental background value, artificial pollution factors, total heavy metal, effective toxicity of the heavy metal, heavy metal morphology and migration release capacity are fully considered, and the concept of the effective toxicity coefficient of the heavy metal is introduced in the method, so that the toxic effect of the heavy metal can be more intuitively reflected. The evaluation result of the invention is more direct and reliable, can provide heavy metal ecological risk evaluation guidance for the treatment and recycling of the buried heavy metal, and is beneficial to the recycling of the buried heavy metal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of repairing landfill heavy metal pollution, and particularly relates to a method for repairing landfill heavy metal pollution.
Background
Heavy metals, which are metals with a density of more than 4.5g/cm3, including gold, silver, copper, iron, mercury, lead, cadmium and the like, accumulate in the human body to a certain extent and cause chronic poisoning. In terms of environmental pollution, heavy metals mainly refer to heavy elements with remarkable biotoxicity such as mercury (mercury), cadmium, lead, chromium and metalloid arsenic. Heavy metals are very difficult to biodegrade, but can be enriched thousands of times under the biological amplification of a food chain and finally enter the human body. Heavy metals can interact strongly with proteins, enzymes and the like in the human body to deactivate them, and can accumulate in certain organs of the human body to cause chronic poisoning; however, the existing method for repairing the heavy metal pollution of the landfill is complicated in detection method; meanwhile, the heavy metal form has great influence on the toxicity change of the heavy metal, and the potential ecological risk index can not divide the heavy metal form, so that the effective toxic components of the heavy metal in different samples can not be further evaluated, and only the whole heavy metal content of the sample is considered, so that the evaluation is high, and the subsequent recycling utilization is not facilitated.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects existing in the prior art are as follows:
(1) The existing method for repairing the heavy metal pollution of the landfill is complex in detection method.
(2) Because the form of heavy metal has great influence on the toxicity change of heavy metal, the potential ecological risk index can not divide the form of the heavy metal, and the effective toxic components of the heavy metal in different samples can not be further evaluated, only the whole heavy metal content of the sample is considered, so that the evaluation is higher, and the subsequent recycling utilization is not facilitated.
(3) The existing heavy metal pollution assessment method is time-consuming, labor-consuming, huge in cost and not suitable for large-scale monitoring.
(4) The existing landfill heavy metal adsorption effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a method for repairing heavy metal pollution of landfill.
The invention is realized in such a way that a method for repairing heavy metal pollution of landfill comprises the following steps:
step one, configuring parameters of heavy metal detection equipment, and detecting heavy metals of landfill through the heavy metal detection equipment; and evaluating heavy metal pollution;
the method for evaluating the heavy metal pollution comprises the following steps:
acquiring satellite images to be evaluated and original sample data of a heavy metal region of a repair landfill to be evaluated; constructing a heavy metal evaluation reference spectrum according to the original sample data; determining a pollution probability level mapping relation according to the heavy metal evaluation reference spectrum and the original sample data;
calculating pollution probability of the heavy metal region of the repair landfill to be evaluated through the heavy metal evaluation reference spectrum and the satellite image to be evaluated; determining a heavy metal pollution evaluation result of the heavy metal region of the repair landfill to be evaluated according to the pollution probability and the pollution probability grade mapping relation; the step of constructing a heavy metal evaluation reference spectrum according to the original sample data comprises the following steps: acquiring a pre-constructed initial spectrum, determining a weight parameter of the initial spectrum according to the original sample data, and generating a heavy metal evaluation reference spectrum according to the weight parameter and the initial spectrum;
the heavy metal evaluation reference spectrum comprises a water spectrum part, a tailing pond spectrum part and a soil spectrum part; the step of determining the heavy metal pollution evaluation result of the heavy metal region of the repair landfill to be evaluated according to the pollution probability and the pollution probability grade mapping relation comprises the following steps: determining the pollution level corresponding to each pixel in the heavy metal region of the repair landfill to be evaluated through the pollution probability level mapping relation and the pollution probability; generating a heavy metal pollution evaluation result comprising a pollution risk level diagram according to a preset evaluation result display mode and the pollution level of each pixel in the heavy metal region of the repair landfill to be evaluated;
step two: mixing a heavy metal adsorbent into the heavy metal soil of the landfill, and building a water collecting ditch around the heavy metal of the landfill; spraying acidic leacheate on the surface of the landfill heavy metal, wherein the acidic leacheate permeates into a water collecting ditch through the heavy metal polluted soil and is collected into the water collecting tank to obtain leacheate containing the heavy metal;
the preparation method of the heavy metal adsorbent comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 10 parts of modified red mud, 8 parts of hydroxyapatite, 12 parts of seaweed, 9 parts of humic acid and 5 parts of aerobic fermentation bacteria according to parts by weight, piling at a temperature of more than 25 ℃, and fermenting for 30 days to obtain a mixed fermentation product;
uniformly mixing 13 parts of the prepared mixed fermentation product with 13 parts of magnesium silicate, 6 parts of polymeric aluminum zinc sulfate, 7 parts of biochar, 5 parts of carrageenan, 15 parts of kaolin, 13 parts of bentonite, 7 parts of tributyl citrate and 4 parts of dimethyl dithiocarbamate to obtain a soil heavy metal adsorbent;
repeatedly leaching and repairing the landfill heavy metal by using the leaching solution containing the heavy metal until the heavy metal content in the landfill heavy metal is not changed;
step four, evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metal pollution of the landfill;
the method for detecting the heavy metals in the landfill is as follows:
1) Selecting a heavy metal region sample of the buried object to be detected; carrying out plane matrix division on the heavy metal region of the buried object to be detected, wherein the distance between each two matrix points is the same;
2) Carrying out longitudinal matrix division on the heavy metal region of the buried object to be detected, wherein the distance between each two matrix points is the same; sampling the buried heavy metal, and filtering out the heavy metal; carrying out gradient separation on heavy metals, and separating the heavy metals;
3) Summarizing the values of the heavy metals to obtain the heavy metal content value of the heavy metal region of the buried object to be detected.
Further, the distance between each matrix point of the planar matrix division is 5m; the distance between each matrix point of the longitudinal matrix division is 45cm, and the distance between the longitudinal matrix points is equivalent to the distance between each sampling port.
Further, the method for sampling the buried heavy metal comprises the following steps:
sample treatment: passing the buried heavy metal through 5mm sieve holes, removing impurities, adding an alkali solution, and carrying out microwave treatment for 12min under the condition of standing power of 560W to obtain an alkaline hydrolysis solution;
then adding the extracting solution to obtain a mixed solution, adding a citric acid solution to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to 2-4, then carrying out microwave treatment for 30-60min under the condition of 960W of power, and filtering to obtain a sample solution;
the alkaline solution is potassium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 5%, and the extracting solution comprises the following components: 5 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 8 parts of potassium chloride, 6 parts of citric acid and 33 parts of water;
sample detection: the method is characterized in that a flame atomic absorption method is adopted for measurement, the measurement wavelength is 280-290nm, the passband width is 0.5-0.6nm, the lamp current is 3-4mA, and the flame is an air-acetylene flame.
Further, the gradient separation method is centrifugal precipitation separation or superconducting high gradient magnetic separation.
Further, the specific method for superconducting high gradient magnetic separation comprises the following steps:
the superconducting high-gradient magnetic separation is specifically carried out under the conditions that the magnetic field intensity is 1.2-1.8T, the volume filling rate of a magnetic separation medium is 5-50%, the granularity of heavy metal is below 100 meshes, the concentration of heavy metal is 10-100g/L, the dispersing agent accounts for 0.1-3%, the flow rate of heavy metal is 100-1000mL/min, and the stirring rate of heavy metal is 1-60 r/min.
Further, the method for evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metal pollution of the landfill is as follows:
(1) Pretreating the buried heavy metal, sequentially homogenizing, filtering, drying and grinding the buried heavy metal sample to obtain a buried heavy metal analysis sample; measuring the total content of single heavy metals in the obtained buried heavy metal analysis sample; analyzing the acid-soluble/exchangeable state single heavy metal content, the reducible state single heavy metal content and the oxidizable state single heavy metal content of the obtained buried heavy metal analysis sample by adopting a BCR (binary coded decimal) grading method;
(2) Based on the analysis result, calculating the acid-soluble/exchangeable fraction, reducible fraction and oxidizable fraction of the single heavy metal; calculating the pollution index of single heavy metal based on the soil background value and the calculation result of the place where the buried heavy metal is located; calculating the effective toxicity coefficient of the single heavy metal based on the toxicity coefficient and calculation result of the existing heavy metal;
(3) Calculating potential environmental ecological risk factors of single heavy metals based on the calculation result; based on the calculation result, calculating the potential environmental ecological risk index of the heavy metal of the buried heavy metal analysis sample, and comprehensively evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metal pollution of the buried heavy metal according to the conventional PERI method.
And further, placing part of the buried heavy metal to be evaluated in a beaker, stirring and mixing uniformly, vacuum filtering to obtain a buried heavy metal cake, drying the buried heavy metal cake until the weight is unchanged, then transferring the dried buried heavy metal cake into a grinder, and grinding to obtain a buried heavy metal analysis sample.
And further, dissolving the buried heavy metal analysis sample in the mixed acid solution by using a microwave digestion instrument, cooling the digestion solution, then passing through a filter membrane with the thickness of 0.2-0.45 mu m, and testing the content of single heavy metal in the solution by using an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer.
Further, the mixed acid liquor is mixed with two acid liquor of HF and HCl in a certain proportion for digestion.
Further, the digestion conditions are: microwave 1700W, 200 ℃ and digestion time of 33min.
In combination with the technical scheme and the technical problems to be solved, the technical scheme to be protected has the following advantages and positive effects:
first, aiming at the technical problems in the prior art and the difficulty in solving the problems, the technical problems solved by the technical proposal of the invention are analyzed in detail and deeply by tightly combining the technical proposal to be protected, the results and data in the research and development process, and the like, and some technical effects brought after the problems are solved have creative technical effects. The specific description is as follows:
the method for detecting the heavy metal of the landfill is simple and convenient; meanwhile, an improved potential environmental ecological risk index EERI is established by the method for evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metal pollution of the landfill based on a Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI), and factors such as characteristics of the heavy metal of the landfill, an environmental background value, artificial pollution factors, total heavy metal, effective toxicity of the heavy metal, heavy metal morphology and migration release capacity are fully considered, and the concept of the effective toxicity coefficient of the heavy metal is introduced in the method, so that the toxic effect of the heavy metal can be more intuitively reflected. The evaluation result of the invention is more direct and reliable, can provide heavy metal ecological risk evaluation guidance for the treatment and recycling of the buried heavy metal, and is beneficial to the recycling of the buried heavy metal.
According to the method for evaluating heavy metal pollution, the pollution probability of the heavy metal region of the landfill to be evaluated can be calculated through the training sample, the marked sample data and the regional hyperspectral curve when the evaluation accuracy meets the requirement, so that the overall heavy metal pollution evaluation effect is improved.
The heavy metal adsorbent prepared by the preparation method of the heavy metal adsorbent can greatly improve the adsorption effect on the heavy metal of the landfill.
Secondly, the technical scheme is regarded as a whole or from the perspective of products, and the technical scheme to be protected has the following technical effects and advantages:
the invention effectively solves the problem that the existing method for repairing the heavy metal pollution of the landfill is complicated in detection method; because the form of heavy metal has great influence on the toxicity change of heavy metal, the potential ecological risk index can not divide the form of the heavy metal, and the effective toxic components of the heavy metal in different samples can not be further evaluated, only the whole heavy metal content of the samples is considered, so that the evaluation is higher, the technical problem of adverse subsequent recycling is solved, the detection method is simple and convenient, the evaluation result is more direct and reliable, the evaluation guidance of the ecological risk of the heavy metal can be provided for the treatment and recycling of the buried heavy metal, and the recycling of the buried heavy metal is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for repairing heavy metal pollution of landfill provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for detecting heavy metals in a landfill according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for evaluating ecological risk of heavy metal pollution of a landfill according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In order to fully understand how the invention may be embodied by those skilled in the art, this section is an illustrative embodiment in which the claims are presented for purposes of illustration.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for repairing heavy metal pollution of landfill, comprising the steps of:
s101, configuring parameters of heavy metal detection equipment, and detecting heavy metals of landfill through the heavy metal detection equipment; and evaluating heavy metal pollution;
the method for evaluating the heavy metal pollution comprises the following steps:
acquiring satellite images to be evaluated and original sample data of a heavy metal region of a repair landfill to be evaluated; constructing a heavy metal evaluation reference spectrum according to the original sample data; determining a pollution probability level mapping relation according to the heavy metal evaluation reference spectrum and the original sample data;
calculating pollution probability of the heavy metal region of the repair landfill to be evaluated through the heavy metal evaluation reference spectrum and the satellite image to be evaluated; determining a heavy metal pollution evaluation result of the heavy metal region of the repair landfill to be evaluated according to the pollution probability and the pollution probability grade mapping relation; the step of constructing a heavy metal evaluation reference spectrum according to the original sample data comprises the following steps: acquiring a pre-constructed initial spectrum, determining a weight parameter of the initial spectrum according to the original sample data, and generating a heavy metal evaluation reference spectrum according to the weight parameter and the initial spectrum;
the heavy metal evaluation reference spectrum comprises a water spectrum part, a tailing pond spectrum part and a soil spectrum part; the step of determining the heavy metal pollution evaluation result of the heavy metal region of the repair landfill to be evaluated according to the pollution probability and the pollution probability grade mapping relation comprises the following steps: determining the pollution level corresponding to each pixel in the heavy metal region of the repair landfill to be evaluated through the pollution probability level mapping relation and the pollution probability; generating a heavy metal pollution evaluation result comprising a pollution risk level diagram according to a preset evaluation result display mode and the pollution level of each pixel in the heavy metal region of the repair landfill to be evaluated;
s102: mixing a heavy metal adsorbent into the heavy metal soil of the landfill, and building a water collecting ditch around the heavy metal of the landfill; spraying acidic leacheate on the surface of the landfill heavy metal, wherein the acidic leacheate permeates into a water collecting ditch through the heavy metal polluted soil and is collected into the water collecting tank to obtain leacheate containing the heavy metal;
the preparation method of the heavy metal adsorbent comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 10 parts of modified red mud, 8 parts of hydroxyapatite, 12 parts of seaweed, 9 parts of humic acid and 5 parts of aerobic fermentation bacteria according to parts by weight, piling at a temperature of more than 25 ℃, and fermenting for 30 days to obtain a mixed fermentation product;
uniformly mixing 13 parts of the prepared mixed fermentation product with 13 parts of magnesium silicate, 6 parts of polymeric aluminum zinc sulfate, 7 parts of biochar, 5 parts of carrageenan, 15 parts of kaolin, 13 parts of bentonite, 7 parts of tributyl citrate and 4 parts of dimethyl dithiocarbamate to obtain a soil heavy metal adsorbent;
s103, repeatedly leaching and repairing the landfill heavy metal by using the leaching solution containing the heavy metal until the heavy metal content in the landfill heavy metal is not changed;
s104, evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metal pollution of the landfill.
As shown in FIG. 2, the method for detecting the heavy metals in the landfill provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s201, selecting a heavy metal region sample of an embedded object to be detected; carrying out plane matrix division on the heavy metal region of the buried object to be detected, wherein the distance between each two matrix points is the same;
s202, longitudinally dividing a heavy metal region of the buried object to be detected in a matrix manner, wherein the distance between each two matrix points is the same; sampling the buried heavy metal, and filtering out the heavy metal; carrying out gradient separation on heavy metals, and separating the heavy metals;
and S203, summarizing the values of the heavy metals to obtain the heavy metal content value of the heavy metal region of the buried object to be detected.
The distance between each matrix point of the plane matrix division provided by the invention is 5m; the distance between each matrix point of the longitudinal matrix division is 45cm, and the distance between the longitudinal matrix points is equivalent to the distance between each sampling port.
The invention provides a method for sampling buried heavy metals, which comprises the following steps:
sample treatment: passing the buried heavy metal through 5mm sieve holes, removing impurities, adding an alkali solution, and carrying out microwave treatment for 12min under the condition of standing power of 560W to obtain an alkaline hydrolysis solution;
then adding the extracting solution to obtain a mixed solution, adding a citric acid solution to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to 2-4, then carrying out microwave treatment for 30-60min under the condition of 960W of power, and filtering to obtain a sample solution;
the alkaline solution is potassium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 5%, and the extracting solution comprises the following components: 5 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 8 parts of potassium chloride, 6 parts of citric acid and 33 parts of water;
sample detection: the method is characterized in that a flame atomic absorption method is adopted for measurement, the measurement wavelength is 280-290nm, the passband width is 0.5-0.6nm, the lamp current is 3-4mA, and the flame is an air-acetylene flame.
The gradient separation method provided by the invention is centrifugal precipitation separation or superconducting high gradient magnetic separation.
The specific method for superconducting high-gradient magnetic separation comprises the following steps:
the superconducting high-gradient magnetic separation is specifically carried out under the conditions that the magnetic field intensity is 1.2-1.8T, the volume filling rate of a magnetic separation medium is 5-50%, the granularity of heavy metal is below 100 meshes, the concentration of heavy metal is 10-100g/L, the dispersing agent accounts for 0.1-3%, the flow rate of heavy metal is 100-1000mL/min, and the stirring rate of heavy metal is 1-60 r/min.
As shown in fig. 3, the method for evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metal pollution of the landfill provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s301, pretreatment of buried heavy metal, namely sequentially homogenizing, filtering, drying and grinding a buried heavy metal sample to obtain a buried heavy metal analysis sample; measuring the total content of single heavy metals in the obtained buried heavy metal analysis sample; analyzing the acid-soluble/exchangeable state single heavy metal content, the reducible state single heavy metal content and the oxidizable state single heavy metal content of the obtained buried heavy metal analysis sample by adopting a BCR (binary coded decimal) grading method;
s302, calculating the acid-soluble/exchangeable fraction, reducible fraction and oxidizable fraction of a single heavy metal based on the analysis result; calculating the pollution index of single heavy metal based on the soil background value and the calculation result of the place where the buried heavy metal is located; calculating the effective toxicity coefficient of the single heavy metal based on the toxicity coefficient and calculation result of the existing heavy metal;
s303, calculating potential environmental ecological risk factors of single heavy metals based on calculation results; based on the calculation result, calculating the potential environmental ecological risk index of the heavy metal of the buried heavy metal analysis sample, and comprehensively evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metal pollution of the buried heavy metal according to the conventional PERI method.
The method comprises the steps of placing part of buried heavy metals to be evaluated in a beaker, stirring and mixing uniformly, vacuum filtering to obtain buried heavy metal cakes, drying the buried heavy metal cakes until the weight is unchanged, then transferring the dried buried heavy metal cakes into a grinder, and grinding to obtain a buried heavy metal analysis sample.
According to the invention, the buried heavy metal analysis sample is dissolved in the mixed acid solution by using a microwave digestion instrument, the digested solution is cooled and then passes through a filter membrane with the thickness of 0.2-0.45 mu m, and the content of single heavy metal in the solution is tested by using an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer.
The mixed acid liquor provided by the invention is mixed by two acid liquor of HF and HCl in a certain proportion for digestion.
The digestion conditions provided by the invention are as follows: microwave 1700W, 200 ℃ and digestion time of 33min.
In the embodiment of the invention, the method for evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metal pollution of the landfill is as follows:
(1) Pretreating the buried heavy metal, sequentially homogenizing, filtering, drying and grinding the buried heavy metal sample to obtain a buried heavy metal analysis sample; measuring the total content of single heavy metals in the obtained buried heavy metal analysis sample; analyzing the acid-soluble/exchangeable state single heavy metal content, the reducible state single heavy metal content and the oxidizable state single heavy metal content of the obtained buried heavy metal analysis sample by adopting a BCR (binary coded decimal) grading method;
(2) Based on the analysis result, calculating the acid-soluble/exchangeable fraction, reducible fraction and oxidizable fraction of the single heavy metal; calculating the pollution index of single heavy metal based on the soil background value and the calculation result of the place where the buried heavy metal is located; calculating the effective toxicity coefficient of the single heavy metal based on the toxicity coefficient and calculation result of the existing heavy metal;
(3) Calculating potential environmental ecological risk factors of single heavy metals based on the calculation result; based on the calculation result, calculating the potential environmental ecological risk index of the heavy metal of the buried heavy metal analysis sample, and comprehensively evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metal pollution of the buried heavy metal according to the conventional PERI method.
In the embodiment of the invention, the acid-soluble/exchangeable fraction, the reducible fraction and the oxidizable fraction of a single heavy metal are calculated
The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein 
The obtained acid-soluble/exchangeable state single heavy metal content, reducible state single heavy metal content and oxidizable state single heavy metal content respectively; />
Analyzing the total content of single heavy metals in a sample for the obtained sludge;
pollution index of the single heavy metal
The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein ,
for the total content of the individual heavy metals obtained, the formula->
Is a single heavy metal background concentration value.
In order to prove the inventive and technical value of the technical solution of the present invention, this section is an application example on specific products or related technologies of the claim technical solution.
The method for detecting the heavy metal of the landfill is simple and convenient; meanwhile, an improved potential environmental ecological risk index EERI is established by the method for evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metal pollution of the landfill based on a Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI), and factors such as characteristics of the heavy metal of the landfill, an environmental background value, artificial pollution factors, total heavy metal, effective toxicity of the heavy metal, heavy metal morphology and migration release capacity are fully considered, and the concept of the effective toxicity coefficient of the heavy metal is introduced in the method, so that the toxic effect of the heavy metal can be more intuitively reflected. The evaluation result of the invention is more direct and reliable, can provide heavy metal ecological risk evaluation guidance for the treatment and recycling of the buried heavy metal, and is beneficial to the recycling of the buried heavy metal.
It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention can be realized in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware. The hardware portion may be implemented using dedicated logic; the software portions may be stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system, such as a microprocessor or special purpose design hardware. Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the apparatus and methods described above may be implemented using computer executable instructions and/or embodied in processor control code, such as provided on a carrier medium such as a magnetic disk, CD or DVD-ROM, a programmable memory such as read only memory (firmware), or a data carrier such as an optical or electronic signal carrier. The device of the present invention and its modules may be implemented by hardware circuitry, such as very large scale integrated circuits or gate arrays, semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, etc., or programmable hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays, programmable logic devices, etc., as well as software executed by various types of processors, or by a combination of the above hardware circuitry and software, such as firmware.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for repairing heavy metal pollution of a landfill, the method comprising the steps of:
step one, configuring parameters of heavy metal detection equipment, and detecting heavy metals of landfill through the heavy metal detection equipment; and evaluating heavy metal pollution;
the method for evaluating the heavy metal pollution comprises the following steps:
acquiring satellite images to be evaluated and original sample data of a heavy metal region of a repair landfill to be evaluated; constructing a heavy metal evaluation reference spectrum according to the original sample data; determining a pollution probability level mapping relation according to the heavy metal evaluation reference spectrum and the original sample data;
calculating pollution probability of the heavy metal region of the repair landfill to be evaluated through the heavy metal evaluation reference spectrum and the satellite image to be evaluated; determining a heavy metal pollution evaluation result of the heavy metal region of the repair landfill to be evaluated according to the pollution probability and the pollution probability grade mapping relation; the step of constructing a heavy metal evaluation reference spectrum according to the original sample data comprises the following steps: acquiring a pre-constructed initial spectrum, determining a weight parameter of the initial spectrum according to the original sample data, and generating a heavy metal evaluation reference spectrum according to the weight parameter and the initial spectrum;
the heavy metal evaluation reference spectrum comprises a water spectrum part, a tailing pond spectrum part and a soil spectrum part; the step of determining the heavy metal pollution evaluation result of the heavy metal region of the repair landfill to be evaluated according to the pollution probability and the pollution probability grade mapping relation comprises the following steps: determining the pollution level corresponding to each pixel in the heavy metal region of the repair landfill to be evaluated through the pollution probability level mapping relation and the pollution probability; generating a heavy metal pollution evaluation result comprising a pollution risk level diagram according to a preset evaluation result display mode and the pollution level of each pixel in the heavy metal region of the repair landfill to be evaluated;
step two: mixing a heavy metal adsorbent into the heavy metal soil of the landfill, and building a water collecting ditch around the heavy metal of the landfill; spraying acidic leacheate on the surface of the landfill heavy metal, wherein the acidic leacheate permeates into a water collecting ditch through the heavy metal polluted soil and is collected into the water collecting tank to obtain leacheate containing the heavy metal;
the preparation method of the heavy metal adsorbent comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 10 parts of modified red mud, 8 parts of hydroxyapatite, 12 parts of seaweed, 9 parts of humic acid and 5 parts of aerobic fermentation bacteria according to parts by weight, piling at a temperature of more than 25 ℃, and fermenting for 30 days to obtain a mixed fermentation product;
uniformly mixing 13 parts of the prepared mixed fermentation product with 13 parts of magnesium silicate, 6 parts of polymeric aluminum zinc sulfate, 7 parts of biochar, 5 parts of carrageenan, 15 parts of kaolin, 13 parts of bentonite, 7 parts of tributyl citrate and 4 parts of dimethyl dithiocarbamate to obtain a soil heavy metal adsorbent;
repeatedly leaching and repairing the landfill heavy metal by using the leaching solution containing the heavy metal until the heavy metal content in the landfill heavy metal is not changed;
step four, evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metal pollution of the landfill;
the method for detecting the heavy metals in the landfill is as follows:
1) Selecting a heavy metal region sample of the buried object to be detected; carrying out plane matrix division on the heavy metal region of the buried object to be detected, wherein the distance between each two matrix points is the same;
2) Carrying out longitudinal matrix division on the heavy metal region of the buried object to be detected, wherein the distance between each two matrix points is the same; sampling the buried heavy metal, and filtering out the heavy metal; carrying out gradient separation on heavy metals, and separating the heavy metals;
3) Summarizing the values of the heavy metals to obtain the heavy metal content value of the heavy metal region of the buried object to be detected.
2. The method of repairing a heavy metal contaminated landfill according to claim 1, wherein a distance between each matrix point of the planar matrix division is 5m; the distance between each matrix point of the longitudinal matrix division is 45cm, and the distance between the longitudinal matrix points is equivalent to the distance between each sampling port.
3. The method for repairing heavy metal pollution of a landfill according to claim 1, wherein the method for sampling the heavy metal of the landfill comprises the following steps:
sample treatment: passing the buried heavy metal through 5mm sieve holes, removing impurities, adding an alkali solution, and carrying out microwave treatment for 12min under the condition of standing power of 560W to obtain an alkaline hydrolysis solution;
then adding the extracting solution to obtain a mixed solution, adding a citric acid solution to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to 2-4, then carrying out microwave treatment for 30-60min under the condition of 960W of power, and filtering to obtain a sample solution;
the alkaline solution is potassium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 5%, and the extracting solution comprises the following components: 5 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 8 parts of potassium chloride, 6 parts of citric acid and 33 parts of water;
sample detection: the method is characterized in that a flame atomic absorption method is adopted for measurement, the measurement wavelength is 280-290nm, the passband width is 0.5-0.6nm, the lamp current is 3-4mA, and the flame is an air-acetylene flame.
4. The method for remediating landfill heavy metal contamination as recited in claim 1, wherein the gradient separation method is centrifugal precipitation separation or superconducting high gradient magnetic separation.
5. The method for repairing heavy metal pollution of landfill according to claim 4, wherein the specific method of superconducting high gradient magnetic separation is as follows:
the superconducting high-gradient magnetic separation is specifically carried out under the conditions that the magnetic field intensity is 1.2-1.8T, the volume filling rate of a magnetic separation medium is 5-50%, the granularity of heavy metal is below 100 meshes, the concentration of heavy metal is 10-100g/L, the dispersing agent accounts for 0.1-3%, the flow rate of heavy metal is 100-1000mL/min, and the stirring rate of heavy metal is 1-60 r/min.
6. The method for repairing heavy metal pollution of a landfill according to claim 1, wherein the method for evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metal pollution of the landfill is as follows:
(1) Pretreating the buried heavy metal, sequentially homogenizing, filtering, drying and grinding the buried heavy metal sample to obtain a buried heavy metal analysis sample; measuring the total content of single heavy metals in the obtained buried heavy metal analysis sample; analyzing the acid-soluble/exchangeable state single heavy metal content, the reducible state single heavy metal content and the oxidizable state single heavy metal content of the obtained buried heavy metal analysis sample by adopting a BCR (binary coded decimal) grading method;
(2) Based on the analysis result, calculating the acid-soluble/exchangeable fraction, reducible fraction and oxidizable fraction of the single heavy metal; calculating the pollution index of single heavy metal based on the soil background value and the calculation result of the place where the buried heavy metal is located; calculating the effective toxicity coefficient of the single heavy metal based on the toxicity coefficient and calculation result of the existing heavy metal;
(3) Calculating potential environmental ecological risk factors of single heavy metals based on the calculation result; based on the calculation result, calculating the potential environmental ecological risk index of the heavy metal of the buried heavy metal analysis sample, and comprehensively evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metal pollution of the buried heavy metal according to the conventional PERI method.
7. The method for repairing heavy metal pollution of landfill according to claim 6, wherein the steps of taking part of the heavy metal to be evaluated, placing the part of the heavy metal to be evaluated in a beaker, stirring and mixing uniformly, vacuum filtering to obtain a heavy metal cake of the landfill, drying the heavy metal cake of the landfill until the weight is unchanged, and then transferring the heavy metal cake of the landfill into a grinder, and grinding to obtain a heavy metal analysis sample of the landfill; dissolving a buried heavy metal analysis sample in mixed acid liquor by using a microwave digestion instrument, cooling the digestion solution, passing through a 0.2-0.45 mu m filter membrane, and testing the content of single heavy metal in the solution by using an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer; the mixed acid liquor is mixed with two acid liquor of HF and HCl in a certain proportion for digestion.
8. The method of remediating a landfill heavy metal pollution of claim 7, wherein the digestion conditions are: microwave 1700W, 200 ℃ and digestion time of 33min.
9. The method for repairing heavy metal pollution of a landfill according to claim 1, wherein the method for evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metal pollution of the landfill is as follows:
(1) Pretreating the buried heavy metal, sequentially homogenizing, filtering, drying and grinding the buried heavy metal sample to obtain a buried heavy metal analysis sample; measuring the total content of single heavy metals in the obtained buried heavy metal analysis sample; analyzing the acid-soluble/exchangeable state single heavy metal content, the reducible state single heavy metal content and the oxidizable state single heavy metal content of the obtained buried heavy metal analysis sample by adopting a BCR (binary coded decimal) grading method;
(2) Based on the analysis result, calculating the acid-soluble/exchangeable fraction, reducible fraction and oxidizable fraction of the single heavy metal; calculating the pollution index of single heavy metal based on the soil background value and the calculation result of the place where the buried heavy metal is located; calculating the effective toxicity coefficient of the single heavy metal based on the toxicity coefficient and calculation result of the existing heavy metal;
(3) Calculating potential environmental ecological risk factors of single heavy metals based on the calculation result; based on the calculation result, calculating the potential environmental ecological risk index of the heavy metal of the buried heavy metal analysis sample, and comprehensively evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metal pollution of the buried heavy metal according to the conventional PERI method.
10. The method of remediating a landfill heavy metal contaminant according to claim 9, wherein the acid soluble/exchangeable fraction, reducible fraction and oxidizable fraction of the individual heavy metals are calculated
The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein 
The obtained acid-soluble/exchangeable state single heavy metal content, reducible state single heavy metal content and oxidizable state single heavy metal content respectively; />
Analyzing the total content of single heavy metals in a sample for the obtained sludge;
pollution index of the single heavy metal
The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein ,
for the total content of the individual heavy metals obtained, the formula->
Is a single heavy metal background concentration value. />
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