CN104824139A - Overall treatment, storage and preservation method for Chinese herbal medicine bio-preparation preservative paper for juicy peaches - Google Patents
Overall treatment, storage and preservation method for Chinese herbal medicine bio-preparation preservative paper for juicy peaches Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit fresh-keeping and storage, and particularly relates to an overall treatment, storage and preservation method for Chinese herbal medicine bio-preparation preservative paper for juicy peaches. The juicy peaches are sterilized by biological fresh-keeping agents, and a natural protecting film coats the surface of each juicy peach by using a Chinese herbal medicine composite film formula; in order to solve the problem that water loss of the juicy peaches is high and the juicy peaches are affected by air humidity, the Chinese herbal medicine biological preservative paper which can absorb moisture, is damp-proof, has a heat-insulation effect and does not generate harmful and toxic matters is designed and invented; the juicy peaches are inserted in net bags one by one and then are placed in fruit boxes in which the preservative paper is paved; and the shelf life of the juicy peaches is prolonged, mechanical damage of the juicy peaches can be avoided effectively during storage and transportation of the juicy peaches, and the healthy fruit rate is improved obviously. Biological fresh-keeping agents replace chemical agents, and food fresh-keeping safety is guaranteed. The overall treatment, storage and preservation method has the advantages that a manufacturing technology is simple and convenient, equipment is simple, and the preservative paper can be recycled, is environment-friendly and pollution-free, and is suitable to be produced in batches.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fruit freshness preserving and storage technology field, be specifically related to a kind of honey peach Chinese herbal medicine biological and prepare tin foil integrated treatment and fresh-keeping method for storing.
Background technology
Honey peach is the good merchantable brand eaten raw in peach, fragrant and sweet tender, succulence slag, and nutrition look beautiful, constitutes the set advantage of edible quality, thus deeply vigorously leads to by market.But many just because of the thin juice of honey peach skin, fruit water content is high, easily soften, very easily infection pathogen when preserving bad, keeping quality is poor, faces the problem that postharvest decay is rotten.Only about 3-5d under its shelf life normal temperature, the honey peach maturity period concentrates, and the listing phase is shorter, is gathering, packs, is storing and be vulnerable to mechanical damage in transportation, causes loss of rotting, and economic benefit declines, and can not meet the need of market for a long time.The main method controlling to adopt rear diseases of garden stuff at present is in the world still and uses chemical bactericide or low-temp antistaling method, but Long-Time Service bactericide, easily cause the drug-fast generation of germ, so have to again, by strengthening dosage to control disease, make the increase of the residual quantity of agricultural chemicals on production cost and fruits and vegetables, affect the edible safety of fruits and vegetables, cause environmental pollution.Low temperature then cost is comparatively large and can not ensure Normal juice local flavor, and the applicable elements limitation scope of application is narrower.If carry out the storage of regular period after adopting, for the loss of minimizing peach fruit postharvest decay, extend the campaign eating kind supply phase and processing variety raw, improve plantation and have great significance with the economic benefit of processing.The preservation techniques such as the suitable storage of honey peach, fresh-keeping and packaging, can improve the commodity value in honey peach sales process, not only can extend the supply phase of honey peach, increase its extent of supply, can also keep the enthusiasm for production of orchard worker.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be utilize biological method and and physical method combine integrated treatment carried out to honey peach.Adopt in the fresh-keeping mode of bacterium bacterium biological substitution, bio-preservative, Chinese herbal medicine composite membrane formula are in conjunction with novel tin foil method process honey peach, thus extend honey peach storage period, be specifically related to four steps: first prepare novel non-pollution tin foil (food-grade calcium silicates is spread evenly across inside double-layer filter paper as pulp additive and dries in baking oven) for subsequent use; The galic essential oil of the honey peach fruit utilization 5 × 108cfu/ml Cryptococcus laurentii plucked and 20 μ L/L is equipped with the process of mixing immersion fruit; Then utilize Chinese herbal medicine composite membrane formula (principal component: 1% starch, 1% shitosan, 1% glycerine, 3% polyvinyl alcohol, 0.02% monoglyceride, 2% Folium Artemisiae Argyi extractive liquid, 0.5% galangal extract and 1.5% dittany bark extract) to spray and form one deck available protecting film; Put into tiling after finally honey peach being had foam mesh bag by fruit cover and have the fruit case making novel tin foil by oneself, reach cooling, sterilization, suppression breathing and preservation.
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention have:
(1) under normal temperature condition, the significant percentage of water loss of honey peach and fast softening cause the aging of honey peach and nutrient quality to reduce, if effectively extend 8 ~ 10 day storage period under the solid zestful situation of honey peach can be kept, low loss late and the effective shelf life of fruit of long-distance transport just can be ensured.
(2) how to meet the production of current safety food and consumer to the pursuit of nutrition, wholefood, the selection of preservation method instead of chemicals with biological bacteria preparation, simultaneously in addition physical fresh-keeping method, without any environmental pollution.
(3) bacterium and the large class pathogenic bacteria of fungi two are consisted predominantly of in honey peach pathogenic bacteria, wherein fungi is relatively obstinate and not easily go out and remove, cause pulp corrupt, not only be present in fruit surface, common rotten or rotten spot is from inside to outside multiple, and after adopting General Physics or Chemical Preservative Method of Fruits under normal temperature, the rotting mechanism physical signs of honey peach is distinguished not obvious.
(4) preservation method commonly used by honey peach both at home and abroad, and as cryopreservation, cost is high, and power consumption, generally not easily promotes.The difference biology that the present invention selects and the optimum organization of physical fresh-keeping method, utilize the process of biological outfit mixed liquor, Chinese herbal medicine composite membrane is filled a prescription, novel food-grade pulp additive makes the method process honey peach such as tin foil, laboratory apparatus is simple, easy to operate, is applicable to large-scale industrialized use, therefore, production cost can be reduced.The use of Cryptococcus laurentii instead of chemicals with biological bacteria preparation, can adopt rear soft rot and penicilliosis for water prevention honey peach safely and effectively, and this clock antagonistic yeast is all low than contrast to penicilliosis and the soft rot incidence of disease, and lesion diameter is little.
Production principle of the present invention:
Plants essential oil class material has sterilization, the effect such as anticorrosion mostly.The galic essential oil of 20 μ L/L at least can suppress 2 kinds of conks, thus the bactericidal activity that plants essential oil is described is ubiquitous, and Cryptococcus laurentii+essential oil has positive effect.
Edibility Chinese herbal medicine complexing agent is on the impact of juicy peach fresh-keeping effect and Senescence Physiology.Obviously can reduce honey peach duration of storage disease index, its effect and fresh chemically no significant difference, it can thus be appreciated that Chinese herbal medicine composite fresh-preservation paper is disease-resistant and prevent from also having reached fresh chemically effect in fruit senescence.
Calcium silicates Painting effect significant prolongation storage time, effectively suppresses cellulosic degraded then, keeps the excellent flavor of fruit.This stone flour to multiple gases, the suction-operated that tool is good, and low price does not need again low temperature high cost equipment, has the preservation of long period especially, and fresh-keeping fruit component can not alleviate.
Technical scheme of the present invention
(1) bio-preservative process: harvesting fruit size, color and luster same kind honey peach that is close, medium well, that have no mechanical damage carry out biologic product and spray experiment.Biologic product is the mix preparation (screening is through a large amount of investigation in early stage and trial test) of the galic essential oil of 5 × 108cfu/ml Cryptococcus laurentii and 20 μ L/L, and to the process of honey peach fruit leaching fruit, the processing time is 2 minutes, draining, dries;
(2) Chinese herbal medicine composite membrane formula preparation: Chinese herbal medicine composite membrane formula utilizes 1% starch of equivalent proportioning, 1% shitosan, 1% glycerine, 3% polyvinyl alcohol, 0.02% monoglyceride, 2% Folium Artemisiae Argyi extractive liquid, 0.5% galangal extract and 1.5% dittany bark extract mixed solution, by honey peach draining dipped for bio-preservative, dry after Chinese herbal medicine composite membrane is sprayed on fruit surface, equivalent evenly sprays one time, draining, dries.Namely the fruit that Chinese herbal medicine composite membrane formula sprays process forms the natural diaphragm barrier of one deck at honey peach fruit surface after drying, and prevents bacterium from infecting;
(3) selection of suitable tin foil: for cost-saving, tin foil can select ordinary packing paper, brown paper and filter paper etc., because most filter paper is made up of (its material is fiber manufactured goods) cotton fibre, therefore there is numerous small holes good permeability on its surface, and the larger solids of volume not by; The calcium silicates stone flour selected can pass through filter paper layer and plays absorption ethene, the functions such as hygroscopicity, makes tin foil pack the relative low humidity that can ensure fruit storage environment, applies combine with filter paper perfection;
(4) making of tin foil: the special anticaking agent calcium silicate powder of the food selected has insulation characteristic, getting 1000ml oxidized starch solution hairbrush is spread evenly across on ordinary packing paper, then being evenly sprayed on by calcium silicate powder has scribbled on starch solution filter paper, form continuous print coating layer, then fitting in the filter paper of equal size completes on the filter paper of coating, namely makes two-layer effect; Be placed in drying in oven or indoor are dried, for subsequent use; (5) selection of Preservation Treatment and packing method: finally put into after the honey peach of biologic product leaching fruit process and Chinese herbal medicine compound prescription membranization process is inserted in foam mesh bag by fruit the fruit case that tiling has self-control tin foil, under being placed in room temperature (28 ± 3 DEG C) environment, generally 8-10 days longer than untreated honey peach fresh preservation.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) edible safety is good, and Perserving materials used in the present invention mostly is in pure natural substance to extract and processes or physical fresh-keeping method, meets food-grade and requires and some inherently a kind of health products, without any environmental pollution; Existing multinomial research and utilization tin foil carries out fresh-keeping to food; And biological bacteria preparation is saccharomycete, belongs to and can use beneficial bacterium, be applied to juicy peach fresh-keeping, raw material and manufacture craft nontoxic.
(2) production cost is low, device therefor of the present invention simply and do not need use large cold storage, significantly reduce cost of transportation, and saccharomycete can be used as the engineering bacteria production application of lower cost, in addition, the Perserving materials used is common cheap material, tin foil then has low temperature mummification effect, can be incubated by moisture absorption moisture-proof heat-insulation, process honey peach on a large scale, can greatly increase economic efficiency.
(3) good refreshing effect; be easy to large-scale production; honey peach after treatment; its fruit surface pathogenic bacteria are effectively destroyed and are removed; reduce the rotting rate of fruit, and the ethene produced in storage effectively can be adsorbed, thus be reduced respiration of fruits speed; extend storage & fresh-keeping period, the honey peach after integrated approach process is placed and is extended 8-10 days under normal temperature environment.After the process of above-mentioned two aspects, dry rear bagging and load and complete the fruit case of tin foil, the honey peach such as the disposable covering packaging of present treatment, storage adopt after links and raw material are easy to acquisition, for batch production provides more perfect preservation and freshness flow process.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: under normal temperature (28 ± 3 DEG C) condition, the comparing result of different disposal group honey peach fruit weight-loss ratio;
Fig. 2: under normal temperature (28 ± 3 DEG C) condition, the comparing result of different disposal group honey peach respiration of fruits speed;
Fig. 3: under normal temperature (28 ± 3 DEG C) condition, the comparing result of different disposal group honey peach fruit rot index.
Detailed description of the invention
1 honey peach Chinese herbal medicine type biology of the present invention prepares the production procedure of tin foil integrated treatment and fresh-keeping method for storing:
(1) bio-preservative preparation: select that fruit is rectified, maturity is consistent, physically well develop, the honey peach fruit of median size, mechanical injury, maturity is that 7-8 is ripe, utilize the mix preparation of the galic essential oil of 5 × 108cfu/ml Cryptococcus laurentii and 20 μ L/L, honey peach fruit surface after plucking is infiltrated in bio-preservative bacterium liquid 2 minutes, Antagonistic Fungi liquid is uniformly distributed at fruit surface, then take out, draining, dry;
(2) Chinese herbal medicine composite membrane preparation: the honey peach after the process of bio-preservative leaching fruit is placed on rack, the sprinkling of Chinese herbal medicine composite solution is carried out to it, a small amount of gap is stayed between fruit, 1% starch of equivalent proportioning, 1% shitosan, 1% glycerine, 3% polyvinyl alcohol, 0.02% monoglyceride, 2% Folium Artemisiae Argyi extractive liquid, 0.5% galangal extract and 1.5% dittany bark extract mixed solution is utilized to spray in fruit surface, equivalent evenly sprays one time, form the effective Chinese herbal medicine composite protection film of one deck, and draining dries;
(3) making of tin foil: select the special anticaking agent calcium silicate powder of the food of insulation characteristic, getting 1000ml oxidized starch solution hairbrush is spread evenly across on ordinary packing paper, then being evenly sprayed on by calcium silicate powder has scribbled on starch solution filter paper, form continuous print coating layer, then fitting in the filter paper of equal size completes on the filter paper of coating, namely makes two-layer effect; Be placed in drying in oven or indoor are dried, for subsequent use;
(4) tin foil packaging storage: honey peach infiltrates through Antagonistic Fungi, after composite solution sprays surface filming, draining dries again, load one by one in foam mesh bag, fruit through above process is evenly put in and puts into the fruit case that tiling has the tin foil prepared by step (3) method, preserve under being put in room temperature 28 ± 3 DEG C of conditions, tin foil will be ready to as requested in advance, Dryly use of being sure to.
2. single creature preparation handling process:
Select that fruit is rectified, maturity is consistent, physically well develop, the honey peach fruit of median size, mechanical injury, maturity is that 7-8 is ripe, utilize the associated methods of the galic essential oil of 5 × 108cfu/ml Cryptococcus laurentii and 20 μ L/L, honey peach fruit surface after plucking is infiltrated in bacterium liquid 2 minutes, before honey peach, space suitably increases, then draining, dries.Then fruit is evenly put in fruit case, preserves under being put in room temperature (28 ± 3 DEG C) condition.
3. biologic product is combined with Chinese herbal medicine compound prescription and prepares handling process:
Select that fruit is rectified, maturity is consistent, physically well develop, honey peach fruit that the injury of median size, mechanical, maturity are 7-8 maturation is placed on rack, successively biologic product leaching fruit is carried out to it and Chinese herbal medicine composite solution sprays process.With the mixed solution of the galic essential oil of 5 × 108cfu/ml Cryptococcus laurentii and 20 μ L/L, the honey peach fruit surface after plucking to be infiltrated in bacterium liquid 2 minutes, draining dries; Honey peach fruit is placed horizontally on rack, stays a small amount of gap between fruit, and Chinese herbal medicine composite solution evenly sprays, and draining dries again; Then fruit is evenly put in fruit case, preserves under being put in room temperature (28 ± 3 DEG C) condition.
4. the honey peach fruit peach of normal temperature control group is selected:
Select that fruit is rectified, maturity is consistent, physically well develop, honey peach fruit that the injury of median size, mechanical, maturity are 7-8 maturation is placed directly in storage in normal temperature environment and observes.
5. the important evaluation index of fresh-keeping effect:
(1) rotting mechanism=Σ (progression × fruit number of rotting)/(the total number of highest number × fruit) × 100.
Rotting mechanism classification:
I.0 level, fruit is without rotting;
Ii.1 level, fruit occurs that 1 ~ 2 area is not more than 0.5cm
2scab;
Iii.2 level, fruit rot area is below 1/4;
Iv.3 level, fruit rot area is 1/4 ~ 1/2;
V.4 level, fruit rot area is more than 1/2.
(2) weight-loss ratio: before process, each fruit is weighed, be designated as W
1, again fruit is weighed during each mensuration, is designated as W
2.
Weight-loss ratio=(W
2-W
1)/W
1× 100%.
(3) respiratory intensity (settled process): during mensuration, sample is placed in drier, puts into quantitative alkali lye bottom drier, fruits and vegetables breathe the CO discharged
2naturally sink and by alkali liquor absorption, after leaving standstill certain hour, take out alkali lye, with acidometric titration, obtaining the respiratory intensity of sample.Put into culture dish with the NaOH 20ml of pipette, extract 0.4mol/L, put culture dish into respiratory chamber, place dividing plate, put into honey peach, capping, measure after 1 hour and take out culture dish in alkali lye immigration beaker (rinsing 4-5 time), add saturated BaCl
25ml and phenolphthalein indicator 2, use 0.2mol/L oxalatimetry, do blank titration with same method.
6. under different disposal condition, the observed result of honey peach fruit rot index, weight-loss ratio and respiratory intensity:
(1) the change comparing result of different disposal honey peach fruit weight-loss ratio:
After picking fruit, due to the impact by duration of storage respiration and transpiration, the weight of fruit processed group and control group in storage is reduced gradually, and weight-loss ratio rises gradually.
From accompanying drawing 1 and table 1, after 11 days normal temperature is preserved, the weight-loss ratio of the honey peach fruit of Comprehensive Experiment group is weightless lower than control group, and at the 11st day that normal temperature is placed, the weight-loss ratio of Comprehensive Experiment group fruit was 4.1%, and control group is 10%; Significantly rising to has appearred in control group weight-loss ratio between 4-5 days, and storage is to later stage (about 9-11 days), and weight-loss ratio reaches about 10%, and fruit component's loss is serious.And treated fruit weight-loss ratio all presents slow uphill process, but integrated treatment group best results, therefore from the slope that weight-loss ratio increases, fruit intact in integrated treatment and conventional process group quite, but significantly better than control group.
Table 1. under normal temperature condition, the comparing result of different disposal group honey peach fruit weight-loss ratio
(2) the change comparing result of different disposal honey peach respiratory intensity of fruit:
Respiration is an important vital movement after fruit picking, is also the major reason causing fruit to rot.After picking fruit, generally reached respiratory climacteric at 3-5 days.From accompanying drawing 2 and table 2, integrated treatment group effectively inhibits the respiratory intensity of fruit, and within the 3rd day, having occurred respiratory climacteric what process, is 50mlkg
-1h
-1, reaching second respiratory climacteric at the 10th day, is 65mlkg
-1h
-1; Control group reached first respiratory climacteric at second day, was 90mlkg
-1h
-1, and second respiratory climacteric was reached at the 4th day, be 65mlkg
-1h
-1, between integrated treatment group and control group, have significant difference (P<0.05); And biologic product processed group reached first breath peak at the 2nd day, occurred the 2nd respiratory climacteric at the 8th day, the respiratory intensity of biologic product+film formulation processed group fruit reached first breath peak at the 2nd day, occurred the 2nd respiratory climacteric at the 9th day; In sum, integrated treatment group effectively reduces the respiratory intensity of fruit, Delay of ripeness, thus the storage period of extending fruit.
Table 2. under different disposal, the comparing result of honey peach respiratory intensity of fruit
(3) under different disposal, the change comparing result of honey peach fruit rot index:
Rotting mechanism mainly reflects the rotten level of fruit, and along with the prolongation of fruit storage phase, the rotting mechanism of fruit can rise gradually.As can be seen from accompanying drawing 3 and table 3, at the 11st day of room temperature storage, the rotting mechanism of integrated treatment group fruit is 4.1%, and control group is 28%.So as can be seen from figure and table, Comprehensive Experiment processing method more effectively can remove the pathogenic bacteria of fruit surface, thus reduce fruit rot rate, extending fruit storage period.
Table 3. under different disposal, the comparing result of honey peach fruit rot index
From visible (the table 1-table 3 of the change comparing result of above-mentioned three indexs; Fig. 1-Fig. 3), under three kinds for the treatment of conditions, and contrast untreated ratio, the healthy fruit of honey peach obviously wants high, and wherein optimum be integrated treatment of the present invention (prepare containing five and process, be i.e. biologic product+film formulation+tin foil etc.).
Claims (1)
1. honey peach Chinese herbal medicine biological prepares tin foil integrated treatment and a fresh-keeping method for storing, it is characterized in that being made up of following steps:
(1) bio-preservative preparation: select that fruit is rectified, maturity is consistent, physically well develop, the honey peach fruit of median size, mechanical injury, maturity is that 7-8 is ripe, utilize the mix preparation of the galic essential oil of 5 × 108 cfu/ml Cryptococcus laurentiis and 20 μ L/L, honey peach fruit surface after plucking is infiltrated in bio-preservative bacterium liquid 2 minutes, Antagonistic Fungi liquid is uniformly distributed at fruit surface, then take out, draining, dry;
(2) Chinese herbal medicine composite membrane preparation: the honey peach after the process of bio-preservative leaching fruit is placed on rack, the sprinkling of Chinese herbal medicine composite solution is carried out to it, a small amount of gap is stayed between fruit, 1% starch of equivalent proportioning, 1% shitosan, 1% glycerine, 3% polyvinyl alcohol, 0.02% monoglyceride, 2% Folium Artemisiae Argyi extractive liquid, 0.5% galangal extract and 1.5% dittany bark extract mixed solution is utilized to spray in fruit surface, equivalent evenly sprays one time, form the effective Chinese herbal medicine composite protection film of one deck, and draining dries;
(3) making of tin foil: select the special anticaking agent calcium silicate powder of the food of insulation characteristic, getting 1000ml oxidized starch solution hairbrush is spread evenly across on ordinary packing paper, then being evenly sprayed on by calcium silicate powder has scribbled on starch solution filter paper, form continuous print coating layer, then fitting in the filter paper of equal size completes on the filter paper of coating, namely makes two-layer effect; Be placed in drying in oven or indoor are dried, for subsequent use;
(4) tin foil packaging storage: honey peach infiltrates through Antagonistic Fungi, after composite solution sprays surface filming, draining dries again, load one by one in foam mesh bag, fruit through above process is evenly put in and puts into the fruit case that tiling has the tin foil prepared by step (3) method, preserve under being put in room temperature 28 ± 3 DEG C of conditions, tin foil will be ready to as requested in advance, Dryly use of being sure to.
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| CN106615085A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-10 | 山西省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 | Microorganism and plant derived composite fresh keeping agent for fruits and vegetables |
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| CN109452358A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-12 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of preservation method adopted in the preceding electric business sale for not plucking bag honey peach |
| CN110679653A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-01-14 | 河北天农副食果品贸易有限公司 | Traditional Chinese medicine preservative paper for longan and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105123912A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-12-09 | 太仓市永发农场专业合作社 | Preservative for honey peaches |
| CN105918429A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-09-07 | 南京大学（苏州）高新技术研究院 | Method for comprehensively preserving and storing prunus persica at normal temperature |
| CN106700361A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-05-24 | 陈强 | Medical stone toughened polyvinyl alcohol film for preservation of fruits and vegetables and preparation method of polyvinyl alcohol film |
| CN106615085A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-10 | 山西省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 | Microorganism and plant derived composite fresh keeping agent for fruits and vegetables |
| CN106615085B (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2020-01-10 | 山西省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 | Microbial and plant source composite fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping agent |
| CN108617761A (en) * | 2018-03-31 | 2018-10-09 | 荔浦县万家兴果蔬专业合作社 | A kind of fresh-keeping and preserving method of Ponkan |
| CN109452358A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-12 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of preservation method adopted in the preceding electric business sale for not plucking bag honey peach |
| CN110679653A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-01-14 | 河北天农副食果品贸易有限公司 | Traditional Chinese medicine preservative paper for longan and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104824139B (en) | 2017-11-28 |
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