CN104820112A - Plant leaf vein flow velocity measurement device and method - Google Patents
Plant leaf vein flow velocity measurement device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104820112A CN104820112A CN201510202350.0A CN201510202350A CN104820112A CN 104820112 A CN104820112 A CN 104820112A CN 201510202350 A CN201510202350 A CN 201510202350A CN 104820112 A CN104820112 A CN 104820112A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a plant leaf vein flow velocity measurement device. The plant leaf vein flow velocity measurement device includes a black wooden frame, first black card paper and a digital single-lens-reflex camera which are arranged just after and before the black wooden frame, and a plurality of blue LED lights which are symmetrically arranged at two sides at a position before the black wooden frame, certain included angles being formed between the blue LED lights; the middle of the black wooden frame is provided with second black card paper used for carrying a plant leaf; the bottom of the black wooden frame is provided with a black small container for carrying a fluorescent solution; and the single-lens-reflex camera is connected with the computer through a data line. The invention also provides a plant leaf vein flow velocity measurement method. With the plant leaf vein flow velocity measurement device and method adopted, the flow velocities of leaf veins in different levels on the whole plant leaf at any period can be effectively measured, and large experimental data errors which may be brought about by large differences of different leaves when the leaves are replaced can be avoided. The algorithm designed in the invention can be also applied to other similar experiment photographing data extraction, and has a high practical value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fluid-velocity survey field, particularly a kind of device and method of plant leaf vein fluid-velocity survey.
Background technology
At present, the method about fluid-velocity survey has a lot, but extremely rare for the measuring method of plant leaf vein flow velocity.Make a general survey of domestic and international pertinent literature, only have the data that H ü ve used dimethyl diaminophenazine chloride/the acid fuchsine solution to measure plant leaf vein flow velocity under the microscope in 2002.But the weak point of its method is, can only measure 2 ~ 3 selected veins under the microscope, the vein therefore will measuring whole blade then needs again to change blade at every turn.Because otherness between different blades is comparatively large, so experimental data error may be caused larger.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of effective, the plant leaf vein fluid-velocity survey new method of combined with fluorescent labelling technique and image processing techniques.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of device of plant leaf vein fluid-velocity survey, comprise black wood frame, the first black paperboard being arranged at described black wood frame dead astern and dead ahead respectively and slr camera, the some blue led lamps being symmetricly set in both sides, described black wood frame front in a certain angle, the second black paperboard for placing plant leaf blade is provided with in the middle part of described black wood frame, be provided with the black small container for placing fluorescent solutions bottom described black wood frame, described slr camera connects computing machine by data line.
Further, described slr camera is configured with 100 mm and focuses micro-lens, a rotatory polarization filter C-POL, an orange filter and a yellow filter is installed successively before camera lens, to enter on camera view implants blade reflective for reducing for described rotatory polarization filter C-POL, the blue light that orange filter and yellow filter send for filtered noise and LED, and the brightness of fluorescent solutions is strengthened.
Further, the blue led lamp being arranged at both sides, described black wood frame front is respectively 10.
Further, every described lamp blue led lamp is all furnished with the flexible lamp socket and the independent switch that make it arbitrarily can adjust separately angle and gauge tap state.
Further, the angle theta that the some blue led lamps being arranged at both sides, described black wood frame 2 front penetrate between light is 85 °-95 °.
Further, the distance d at described first black paperboard distance framework rear is 300 mm.
Further, the shape of the shape of described second black paperboard and size and the plant leaf blade that will observe and size consistent.
Further, described fluorescent solutions molecular formula is C
20h
12o
5, be the aqueous solution of concentration 0.3 ~ 0.9 g/L.
Present invention also offers a kind of plant leaf vein flow-speed measurement method based on described device, comprise step:
1) be fixed in the second black paperboard by the plant leaf blade that will observe, the upper-lower height of adjustment plant leaf blade, makes to extend in black small container bottom its petiole;
2) open the recording function of slr camera, the front and back position of adjustment slr camera makes form just can photograph whole plant leaf blade;
3) turn on all blue led lamps, to make on the picture that photographs reflective farthest weakens for slewing circle polarisation filter C-POL;
4) start video recording, in black small container, inject the fluorescent solutions configured, until do not have bottom petiole simultaneously;
5) observe the flow process of fluorescent solutions, when fluorescent solutions stream full whole blade, stop video recording, and recorded video data is saved in computing machine;
6) video is taken out frame every certain frame number and obtain picture, the picture then choosing last frame is translated into gray-scale map;
7) on gray-scale map, choose an applicable threshold value, can binary map be translated into, then extract plant leaf vein figure by skeletonization algorithm, in order vein is numbered;
8) for a selected vein, repeatedly contrast video recording, choose a period of time that the solution that will measure flows in this vein, the frame interval corresponding to it is [A, B];
9) choose the picture of A frame and B frame, be translated into gray-scale map respectively, and carry out differing operation with the gray-scale map of the first frame picture, obtain the brightness value of selected vein respectively when A frame and B frame;
10) for two brightness values when A frame and B frame, choose a suitable threshold value by contrast, fluorescent solutions can be obtained respectively these two time, be engraved in the highest distance position flow in selected vein;
11) calculated by the coordinate figure of these two highest distance positions read in MATLAB software, obtain the distance that fluorescent solutions flows through within the time corresponding to these two moment, finally can calculate the flow velocity of selected vein within this time period divided by this time period again.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention can measure the flow velocity at any time in section of different brackets vein on whole plant leaf blade effectively, avoids the comparatively big experiment data error that may cause because otherness between different blades is comparatively large when changing blade.Meanwhile, the method omnidistance can carry out Real Time Observation by external computing machine, and have employed computerized algorithm when extracting flow speed data and complete, and visual result is reliable, in the future can as a kind of new method measuring vein flow velocity in research plant experimental.Designed algorithm can also be applied in the extraction of other similar experiment photographed data, has very high practical value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the device schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that the plant leaf blade of the embodiment of the present invention two is attached in black wood frame;
Fig. 3 is the fluid-velocity survey algorithm flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention two;
Fig. 4 is the gray-scale map of the uncommon jasmine of the embodiment of the present invention two;
Fig. 5 is the binary map of the uncommon jasmine of the embodiment of the present invention two;
Fig. 6 is the vein figure of the uncommon jasmine of the embodiment of the present invention two;
Fig. 7 is that the uncommon jasmine of the embodiment of the present invention two is interior every the master pulse flow velocity measured by 300 frames in frame interval [1501,6001].
Shown in figure: 1-blue led lamp, 2-black wood frame, 3-first black paperboard, 4-slr camera, 5-rotatory polarization filter, the orange filter of 6-, 7-yellow filter, 8-computing machine, 9-black small container, 10-plant leaf blade, 11-second black paperboard.
Embodiment
Be described in further detail goal of the invention of the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, embodiment can not repeat one by one at this, but therefore embodiments of the present invention are not defined in following examples.
embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of device of plant leaf vein fluid-velocity survey, comprise black wood frame 2, the first black paperboard 3 being arranged at described black wood frame 2 dead astern and dead ahead respectively and slr camera 4, the some blue led lamps 1 being symmetricly set in both sides, described black wood frame 2 front in a certain angle, the second black paperboard 11 for placing plant leaf blade 10 is provided with in the middle part of described black wood frame 2, be provided with the black small container 9 for placing fluorescent solutions bottom described black wood frame 2, described slr camera 4 connects computing machine 8 by data line.
Described slr camera 4 is configured with 100 mm and focuses micro-lens, installs a rotatory polarization filter C-POL5, an orange filter 6 and a yellow filter 7 before camera lens successively.
The blue led lamp being arranged at both sides, described black wood frame 2 front is respectively 10,
Every described lamp blue led lamp is all furnished with the flexible lamp socket and the independent switch that make it arbitrarily can adjust separately angle and gauge tap state.
Some blue led lamps 1 angle theta penetrated between light being arranged at both sides, described black wood frame 2 front is 85 °-95 °.
Described first black paperboard 3 is 300 mm apart from the distance d at black wood frame 2 rear.
Shape and the size of the shape of described second black paperboard 11 and size and the plant leaf blade 10 that will observe are consistent.
Described fluorescent solutions molecular formula is C
20h
12o
5, be the aqueous solution of concentration 0.3 ~ 0.9 g/L.
embodiment two
As shown in Figure 3, a kind of plant leaf vein flow-speed measurement method based on described device, comprises step:
1) be fixed in the second black paperboard 11 by the plant leaf blade 10 that will observe, the plant leaf blade 10 of the present embodiment selects uncommon jasmine blade, and the upper-lower height of adjustment plant leaf blade 10, makes to extend into (see figure 2) in black small container 9 bottom its petiole;
2) open the recording function of slr camera 4, the front and back position of adjustment slr camera 4 makes form just can photograph whole plant leaf blade 10;
3) turn on all blue led lamps 1, to make on the picture that photographs reflective farthest weakens for slewing circle polarisation filter C-POL;
4) start video recording, in black small container 9, inject the fluorescent solutions configured, until do not have bottom petiole simultaneously;
5) observe the flow process of fluorescent solutions, when fluorescent solutions stream full whole blade, stop video recording, and recorded video data is saved in computing machine 8;
6) video is taken out frame every 25 frames and obtain picture, the picture then choosing last frame is translated into gray-scale map (see Fig. 4);
7) on gray-scale map, choose an applicable threshold value, binary map (see Fig. 5) can be translated into, then extract plant leaf vein figure (see Fig. 6) by skeletonization algorithm, in order vein is numbered;
8) master pulse of selected uncommon jasmine, contrasts video recording repeatedly, and choose a period of time that the solution that will measure flows in this vein, the frame interval corresponding to it is [1501,1801];
9) choose the picture of 1501 frames and 1801 frames, be translated into gray-scale map respectively, and carry out differing operation with the gray-scale map of the first frame picture, obtain the brightness value of master pulse respectively when 1501 frames and 1801 frame;
10) for two brightness values when 1501 frames and 1801 frame, choose a suitable threshold value by contrast, fluorescent solutions can be obtained respectively these two time, be engraved in the highest distance position flow in master pulse;
11) calculated by the coordinate figure of these two highest distance positions read in MATLAB software, obtain the distance that fluorescent solutions flows through within the time corresponding to these two moment, finally can calculate the flow velocity of master pulse within this time period divided by this time period again.
The present embodiment passes through the algorithm based on image processing techniques design in MATLAB software, can extract the flow velocity of fluorescent solutions in plant leaf vein from the video recording of shooting gained.
Fig. 7 is that the master pulse of the uncommon jasmine of the present embodiment is in frame interval [1501,6001] get a little every 300 frames in, then according to the present embodiment method measured by every two points between master pulse flow velocity, as [1501,1801], [1801,2101] etc., the validity of the plant leaf vein flow-speed measurement method that the present embodiment provides can be verified.
Method provided by the present invention is not only applicable on plant leaf vein fluid-velocity survey, and can also be used for other has the similar experiment photographed data required of measuring to extract, all within protection scope of the present invention.
The above embodiment of the present invention is only for example of the present invention is clearly described, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.All any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent to replace and improvement etc., within the protection domain that all should be included in the claims in the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the device of a plant leaf vein fluid-velocity survey, it is characterized in that, comprise black wood frame (2), be arranged at the first black paperboard (3) and the slr camera (4) in described black wood frame (2) dead astern and dead ahead respectively, the some blue led lamps (1) being symmetricly set in described black wood frame (2) both sides, front in a certain angle, described black wood frame (2) middle part is provided with the second black paperboard (11) for placing plant leaf blade (10), described black wood frame (2) bottom is provided with the black small container (9) for placing fluorescent solutions, described slr camera (4) connects computing machine (8) by data line.
2. the device of plant leaf vein fluid-velocity survey according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described slr camera (4) is configured with 100 mm and focuses micro-lens, before camera lens, install a rotatory polarization filter C-POL (5), an orange filter (6) and a yellow filter (7) successively.
3. the device of plant leaf vein fluid-velocity survey according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the blue led lamp (1) being arranged at described black wood frame (2) both sides, front is respectively 10.
4. the device of plant leaf vein fluid-velocity survey according to claim 1, is characterized in that: every described lamp blue led lamp (1) is all furnished with the flexible lamp socket and the independent switch that make it arbitrarily can adjust separately angle and gauge tap state.
5. the device of plant leaf vein fluid-velocity survey according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the angle theta that the some blue led lamps (1) being arranged at described black wood frame (2) both sides, front are penetrated between light is 85 °-95 °.
6. the device of plant leaf vein fluid-velocity survey according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the distance d at described first black paperboard (3) distance black wood frame (2) rear is 300 mm.
7. the device of plant leaf vein fluid-velocity survey according to claim 1, is characterized in that: shape and the size of the shape of described second black paperboard (11) and size and the plant leaf blade that will observe (10) are consistent.
8. the device of plant leaf vein fluid-velocity survey according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described fluorescent solutions molecular formula is C
20h
12o
5, be the aqueous solution of concentration 0.3 ~ 0.9 g/L.
9., based on a plant leaf vein flow-speed measurement method for the device described in any one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, comprise step:
1) be fixed in the second black paperboard (11) by the plant leaf blade that will observe (10), the upper-lower height of adjustment plant leaf blade (10), makes to extend into bottom its petiole in black small container (9);
2) open the recording function of slr camera (4), the front and back position of adjustment slr camera (4) makes form just can photograph whole plant leaf blade (10);
3) turn on all blue led lamps (1), to make on the picture that photographs reflective farthest weakens for slewing circle polarisation filter C-POL;
4) start video recording, in black small container (9), inject the fluorescent solutions configured, until do not have bottom petiole simultaneously;
5) observe the flow process of fluorescent solutions, when fluorescent solutions stream full whole blade, stop video recording, and recorded video data is saved in computing machine (8);
6) video is taken out frame every certain frame number and obtain picture, the picture then choosing last frame is translated into gray-scale map;
7) on gray-scale map, choose an applicable threshold value, can binary map be translated into, then extract plant leaf vein figure by skeletonization algorithm, in order vein is numbered;
8) for a selected vein, repeatedly contrast video recording, choose a period of time that the solution that will measure flows in this vein, the frame interval corresponding to it is [A, B];
9) choose the picture of A frame and B frame, be translated into gray-scale map respectively, and carry out differing operation with the gray-scale map of the first frame picture, obtain the brightness value of selected vein respectively when A frame and B frame;
10) for two brightness values when A frame and B frame, choose a suitable threshold value by contrast, fluorescent solutions can be obtained respectively these two time, be engraved in the highest distance position flow in selected vein;
11) calculated by the coordinate figure of these two highest distance positions read in MATLAB software, obtain the distance that fluorescent solutions flows through within the time corresponding to these two moment, finally can calculate the flow velocity of selected vein within this time period divided by this time period again.
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