CN104818379A - Treatment method of gold and silver pyrite - Google Patents
Treatment method of gold and silver pyrite Download PDFInfo
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- CN104818379A CN104818379A CN201510193320.8A CN201510193320A CN104818379A CN 104818379 A CN104818379 A CN 104818379A CN 201510193320 A CN201510193320 A CN 201510193320A CN 104818379 A CN104818379 A CN 104818379A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a treatment method of gold and silver pyrite, and belongs to the field of resource development and metal smelting. The method comprises the following steps: (1) performing oxidation smelting: performing oxidation smelting on the gold and silver pyrite to obtain high-temperature smoke, ferrous oxide melting slag and gold and silver sulfurous iron; (2) treating the high-temperature smoke: recovering after heat of the high-temperature smoke obtained by the step (1) to prepare sulfuric acid, wherein tail gas from acid production is discharged up to the standard; (3) treating the smelting slag: casting the ferrous oxide melting slag obtained by the step (1) into blocks, naturally cooling to obtain ferrous oxide slag blocks and selling; (4) converting the obtained gold and silver sulfurous iron obtained by the step (1) to obtain converting slag and gold and silver alloy, returning the converting slag to the step (1) for oxidation smelting together with the gold and silver sulfurous iron, and selling the gold and silver alloy. The method has the advantages of short process flow, small investment and land occupation, high production efficiency, low production cost, high gold and silver recovery rate, clean and environment-friendly production process and the like.
Description
Technical field
The treatment process of a kind of gold, silver and sulphur iron ore of the present invention, belongs to development of resources and Metal smelting field.
Background technology
Sulfurous iron ore, is commonly called as pyrite again, and molecular formula is FeS
2, i.e. ferrous disulfide, the highest sulfur-bearing 53.3% of theory, iron 46.7%.But in the mineral of reality, due to containing other impurity element, as oxygen, silicon, calcium, aluminium, arsenic etc., the general sulfur-bearing 32 ~ 52% of sulfurous iron ore, iron 30 ~ 47%.The sulfurous iron ore formed under special geologic condition, or in part non-ferrous metal ore process, meeting output is containing the sulfurous iron ore of gold and silver.Gold, silver and sulphur iron ore is general containing gold 0.0001 ~ 0.0030%, silver 0.005 ~ 0.050%.
In gold, silver and sulphur iron ore, not only element sulphur and ferro element have recovery value, and gold element and silver element also have recovery value.Therefore, the method for process gold, silver and sulphur iron ore, all must consider the synthetical recovery of above-mentioned four kinds of elements, to realize larger economic benefit simultaneously.At present, the traditional method processing gold, silver and sulphur iron ore has following six kinds of methods.
First method is direct beneficiating method.Gold, silver and sulphur iron ore is carried out again broken, add activator gold and silver is element activated after, then add beneficiation reagent and carry out flotation.Because the gold and silver element obtaining activating has larger hydrophobicity than iron sulphide, gold and silver element can be enriched in flotation concentrate, and iron sulphide is enriched in flotation tailings, thus reaches the object that gold and silver is separated with sulfurous iron ore.The method process is simple, production cost is low, but the activation degree of gold and silver element is low, and the hydrophobic performance gap of gold and silver and sulfurous iron ore is little, and therefore, the gold and silver concentrate grade that flotation obtains is low, and the rate of recovery of gold and silver is lower, is about 40%, causes deficiency in economic performance.
Second method is oxidation flotation process.The method is made up of two main processes, i.e. oxidizing roasting process and calcining floatation process.First gold and silver sulfuration iron ore concentrate is carried out oxidizing roasting, output baking flue gas and calcining; Relieving haperacidity is carried out, relieving haperacidity tail gas qualified discharge after baking flue gas recovery waste heat; Calcining carries out flotation, obtains gold and silver concentrate and iron oxide ore; From gold and silver concentrate, substep reclaims gold and silver; Iron oxide ore is sold.The method technical maturity, element sulphur changes industrial sulphuric acid product into, and liberated heat obtains recycling in roasting process, and ferro element changes iron oxide ore into, and gold and silver obtains enrichment and can low cost reclaim, can the certain economic benefit of output; But the method technological process is long, and the rate of recovery of gold and silver is lower, be about 60%, and iron oxide ore sulfur-bearing is higher, can only sell by substandard products grade or have tie-in sales with other iron ore.
The third method is Oxidation Leaching method.The method is made up of two main processes, i.e. the oxidizing roasting process of gold, silver and sulphur iron ore concentrate and the leaching process of calcining.First gold and silver sulfuration iron ore concentrate is carried out oxidizing roasting, output baking flue gas and calcining; Relieving haperacidity is carried out, relieving haperacidity tail gas qualified discharge after baking flue gas recovery waste heat; Calcining leaches, and gold and silver is entered in leach liquor, and reclaims gold and silver from leach liquor substep, and the ferric oxide in calcining is not leached, and forms iron oxide ore, and iron oxide ore is sold.The method technical maturity, element sulphur changes industrial sulphuric acid product into, and liberated heat obtains recycling in roasting process, ferro element changes iron oxide ore into, and gold and silver direct replacement from leach liquor is reclaimed, and the rate of recovery of gold and silver can reach 75%, technology maturation, economical rationality; But the method technological process is long, floor space is large, and production cost is high, the cycle is long, and waste water treatment difficulty is large, and iron oxide ore is subject to leaching agent impact, can only sell by substandard products grade or have tie-in sales with other iron ore.
4th kind of method is Roasting And Leaching electrolytic process.The method is made up of three main processes, i.e. oxidizing roasting process, leaching process and electrolytic process.First gold and silver sulfuration iron ore concentrate is carried out oxidizing roasting, output baking flue gas and calcining; Relieving haperacidity is carried out, relieving haperacidity tail gas qualified discharge after baking flue gas recovery waste heat; Calcining carries out reducing leaching, and make ferric oxide enter in leach liquor, gold and silver is deposited in leached mud, as the raw material extracting gold and silver; Leach liquor carries out electrolysis output electrolytic iron powder, and electrolytic iron powder is sold.The method technique is more ripe, and element sulphur changes industrial sulphuric acid product into, and liberated heat obtains recycling in roasting process, and ferro element changes electrolytic iron powder product into, has good added value; Gold and silver is enriched in leached mud, and for follow-up low cost step by step arithmetic gold and silver create favourable condition, the rate of recovery of gold and silver can reach 90%; But the method is strict to concentrate component requirements, only adapt to the sulfurous iron ore of higher degree, and production cost is high, the cycle is long, electrolytic iron powder produce market capacity is little.
Lung biopsy is oxygen leaching electrolytic process.The method is made up of two main processes, i.e. the direct oxygen leaching process of gold, silver and sulphur iron ore concentrate and leach liquor electrolytic process.First gold and silver sulfuration iron ore concentrate is carried out high temperature oxygen leaching, output leach liquor and leached mud; After leached mud separate sulfur semi-annular jade pendant, then step by step arithmetic is golden and silver-colored; Leach liquor carries out electrolysis output electrolytic iron powder, and electrolytic iron powder is sold.The method technique is advanced, and element sulphur changes industrial sulphur product into, and ferro element changes electrolytic iron powder product into, and gold and silver obtains enrichment in leached mud, and for follow-up low cost step by step arithmetic gold and silver create favourable condition, the rate of recovery of gold and silver is up to 90%; But the method investment is large, and technological process requires harsh, and steam consumption is large, and production cost is high, and high to the purity requirement of sulfurous iron ore concentrate, is only applicable to the sulfurous iron ore of higher degree.
6th kind of method is if chlorination volatilization.The method is made up of two main processes, i.e. the oxidizing roasting process of gold, silver and sulphur iron ore concentrate and the high-temp chlorination volatilization process of calcining.First gold and silver sulfuration iron ore concentrate is carried out oxidizing roasting, output baking flue gas and calcining; Relieving haperacidity is carried out, relieving haperacidity tail gas qualified discharge after baking flue gas recovery waste heat; Calcining allocates a certain amount of calcium chloride and coal tar into, at high temperature carries out chloridizing volatilization, and gold and silver is entered in volatile matter, and reclaims gold and silver from volatile matter substep, and the ferric oxide in calcining is volatilized, and form oxidation scum, oxidation scum is for sale.The method technical maturity, element sulphur changes industrial sulphuric acid product into, and liberated heat obtains recycling in roasting process, and ferro element changes oxidation scum into, and gold and silver substep from volatile matter reclaims, technology maturation; But the method adds muriate, to the seriously corroded of production unit, equipment anticorrosion requires strict, and cost of investment is high, and production on-site environment is poor, and waste water treatment difficulty is large, and oxidation scum is subject to muriate impact, reduces market value.Under new environmental protection policy condition, the method can not realize economic benefit for enterprise, without application manufacturer.
To sum up, all there is many drawbacks in the method for existing process gold, silver and sulphur iron ore, therefore, be necessary to develop that a kind of technical process is short, reduced investment, occupation of land is little, production efficiency is high, production cost is low, recovery of gold and silver is high, the method for the new process gold, silver and sulphur iron ore of production process clean environment firendly.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind for the treatment of process of gold, silver and sulphur iron ore is provided.Treatment process of the present invention has the advantages such as technical process is short, reduced investment, occupation of land is little, production efficiency is high, production cost is low, recovery of gold and silver is high, production process clean environment firendly.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows: a kind for the treatment of process of gold, silver and sulphur iron ore, comprises the steps:
(1) oxidizing semlting: by gold, silver and sulphur iron ore, carries out oxidizing semlting, obtains high-temperature flue gas, iron protoxide melting slag and gold and silver sulfonium iron;
(2) high-temperature flue gas process: by step (1) gained high-temperature flue gas, after recovery waste heat, extracting sulfuric acid, relieving haperacidity tail gas qualified discharge;
(3) melting slag process: by step (1) gained iron protoxide melting slag, be cast into block, after naturally cooling, obtain iron protoxide clinker, sells;
(4) gold and silver sulfonium iron blowing: by step (1) gained gold and silver sulfonium iron, blow, obtain blowing slag and electrum, described blowing slag is turned back to step (1) carry out oxidizing semlting together with gold, silver and sulphur iron ore, described electrum is sold.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement:
Further, contained by the described gold, silver and sulphur iron ore of step (1), the mass percent of gold and silver, iron, sulphur is respectively: gold 0.0001 ~ 0.003%, silver 0.005 ~ 0.05%, iron 30 ~ 47%, sulphur 32 ~ 52%, the condition of described oxidizing semlting is: temperature is 1200 ~ 1400 DEG C, enters furnace gases O
2volume basis Particle density is 21 ~ 48%, SO contained by described high-temperature flue gas
2percent by volume be 7 ~ 20%, contained by described gold and silver sulfonium iron, the mass percent of gold and silver is respectively: gold 0.002 ~ 0.06%, silver 0.1 ~ 1.0%.
Further, the condition of step (4) described blowing is: temperature 1200 ~ 1400 DEG C, enter furnace gases O
2volume basis Particle density is 21 ~ 93%, and contained by described electrum, the mass percent of gold and silver is respectively: gold 0.1 ~ 3.0%, silver 5 ~ 50%.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. technical process is short.Main processes of the present invention only has one, i.e. the oxidizing semlting process of gold, silver and sulphur iron ore, other three technological processs, is not main process.When gold, silver and sulphur iron ore carries out oxidizing semlting, most ferrous disulfide is oxidized to iron protoxide and sulfurous gas, iron protoxide melting together with small amounts silicon, calcium oxide etc. in concentrate, form iron protoxide melting slag, sulfurous gas enters flue gas, for extracting sulfuric acid, the ferrous disulfide of small portion is decomposed into sulphur and Iron sulfuret, sulphur is oxidized to sulfurous gas and enters flue gas, small portion iron sulphide does not have oxidized, has good trapping effect, together with gold and silver to gold and silver, form the iron sulphide molten mass containing gold and silver, i.e. gold and silver sulfonium iron; Sulfur dioxide flue gas process and the process of iron protoxide melting slag are all an attached technique of oxidizing semlting; The amount of gold and silver sulfonium iron only has about 5% of gold, silver and sulphur iron ore amount, and therefore, follow-up sulfonium iron blowing, just process a small amount of material, treatment scale significantly reduces.
2. reduced investment, take up an area little.Because main processes only has oxidizing semlting technological process, major investment is exactly 1 oxidizing semlting stove, the concrete equipment of oxidizing semlting stove has Ausmelt furnace, Flash Smelting Furnace, bottom convertor, side-blown converter, Isa furnace, base husband Saite stove, noranda furnace, top blown converter etc., oxidizing semlting process is carried out at relatively high temperatures, plant efficiency is high, the inventory that 1 oxidizing semlting stove processes every year can up to 200,000 tons, when coordinating oxygen enrichment to use, the annual treatment capacity of separate unit stove can reach 500,000 tons, therefore, project investment comparatively economizes, and taking up an area also can be less.
3. production efficiency is high.Because oxidizing semlting is carried out under the hot conditions of 1200 ~ 1400 DEG C, chemical reaction can complete within the extremely short time, equipment has very high efficiency, the inventory that 1 oxidizing semlting stove processes every year can up to 200,000 tons, if the oxygenant adopted is oxygen-rich air, then the processing power of equipment can also promote greatly, the inventory that 1 oxidizing semlting stove processes every year can up to 500,000 tons, oxidizing semlting siege ability can reach 50 tons/(sky square metre), process the oxidizing semlting stove of 500,000 tons 1 year, hearth area also only has 42.4 square metres, if Ausmelt furnace, the inside diameter of stove only 6.5 meters.
4. production cost is low.In the present invention, the oxidizing semlting process of gold, silver and sulphur iron ore and the converting process of gold and silver sulfonium iron, all take full advantage of the oxidation heat liberation of element sulphur, do not need to consume the coking coal energy again, therefore there is lower production cost, thus the economic benefit ensuring enterprise to realize ideal.
5. recovery of gold and silver is high.Due in the oxidizing semlting process of sulfurous iron ore, sulfonium iron has good trapping effect to gold and silver, and in concentrate, the gold and silver of 98% melts in sulfonium iron, when gold and silver sulfonium iron blows, the rate of recovery of gold and silver reaches 95%, and the total yield of whole technological process gold and silver reaches more than 92%.
6. production process clean environment firendly.In oxidizing semlting process, relieving haperacidity is carried out after the off-gas recovery obtained waste heat, relieving haperacidity tail gas qualified discharge, ferro element transfers iron protoxide agglomerate to, it is worth higher than iron ore, be the desirable feedstock of steel industry, electrum is the very good material reclaiming gold and silver, and whole technological process does not have waste liquid and waste gas output.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
Be described principle of the present invention and feature below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, example, only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A treatment process for gold, silver and sulphur iron ore, as shown in Figure 1, comprises the steps:
(1) oxidizing semlting: the gold, silver and sulphur iron ore of 0.0001% gold medal, 0.005% silver medal, 30% iron, 32% sulphur will be respectively containing mass percent, join with the speed of 12 tons/hour the Ausmelt furnace that interior diameter is 4 meters, simultaneously spray into O with the speed of 30000 standard cubes m/h
2percent by volume is the air of 21%, at 1200 DEG C, carry out oxidizing semlting, obtains 29000 standard cubes m/h and contains SO
2percent by volume is the high-temperature flue gas of 7%, the iron protoxide melting slag of 7.7 tons/hour and 0.6 ton/hour are respectively the gold and silver sulfonium iron of 0.002% gold medal, 0.1% silver medal containing mass percent;
(2) high-temperature flue gas process: by step (1) gained high-temperature flue gas, adopt waste heat boiler recovery waste heat, obtain the superheated vapour 7 tons/hour that temperature is 385 DEG C, pressure is 3.8MPa, then adopt double conversion double absorption technology to carry out extracting sulfuric acid, relieving haperacidity tail gas is containing SO
2percent by volume be 0.01%, from the chimney qualified discharge of 60 meters high;
(3) melting slag process: by step (1) gained iron protoxide melting slag, be cast into the block of 0.6m × 0.2m × 0.15m, after naturally cooling, obtain iron protoxide clinker, sells;
(4) gold and silver sulfonium iron blowing: by step (1) gained gold and silver sulfonium iron, by 12 tons/stove, join in the top blown converter of length 2.6 meters, interior diameter 2.4 meters, air is sprayed at temperature 1200 DEG C, with the speed of 2000 standard cubes m/h, blow 12 hours, obtain blowing slag 9.1 tons and containing the electrum 0.23 ton that mass percent is respectively 0.1% gold medal, 5% silver medal, described blowing slag is turned back to step (1) carry out oxidizing semlting together with gold, silver and sulphur iron ore, described electrum is sold.
Embodiment 2
A treatment process for gold, silver and sulphur iron ore, as shown in Figure 1, comprises the steps:
(1) oxidizing semlting: the gold, silver and sulphur iron ore of 0.001% gold medal, 0.025% silver medal, 40% iron, 42% sulphur will be respectively containing mass percent, join with the speed of 20 tons/hour the bottom convertor that hearth area is 60 square metres, spray into containing O with the speed of 36000 standard cubes m/h simultaneously
2percent by volume is the oxygen-rich air of 32%, at 1300 DEG C, carry out oxidizing semlting, obtains 33000 standard cubes m/h and contains SO
2percent by volume is the high-temperature flue gas of 16%, the iron protoxide melting slag of 13.4 tons/hour and 1.08 tons/hour are respectively the gold and silver sulfonium iron of 0.018% gold medal, 0.45% silver medal containing mass percent;
(2) high-temperature flue gas process: by step (1) gained high-temperature flue gas, adopt waste heat boiler recovery waste heat, obtain the superheated vapour 7 tons/hour that temperature is 405 DEG C, pressure is 3.82MPa, then adopt double conversion double absorption technology to carry out extracting sulfuric acid, relieving haperacidity tail gas is containing SO
2mass percent be 0.01%, from the chimney qualified discharge of 60 meters;
(3) melting slag process: by step (1) gained iron protoxide melting slag, be cast into the block of 0.6m × 0.2m × 0.15m, after naturally cooling, obtain iron protoxide clinker, sells;
(4) gold and silver sulfonium iron blowing: by step (1) gained gold and silver sulfonium iron, by 10.8 tons/stove, joins in the top blown converter of long 2.6 meters, interior diameter 2.4 meters, sprays into containing O at temperature 1300 DEG C, with the speed of 1500 standard cubes m/h
2mass percent is the oxygen-rich air of 50%, blows 6 hours, obtains blowing slag 7.8 tons and containing the electrum 0.65 ton that mass percent is respectively 0.29% gold medal, 7.2% silver medal; Described blowing slag is turned back to step (1) carry out oxidizing semlting together with gold, silver and sulphur iron ore, described electrum is sold.
Embodiment 3
A treatment process for gold, silver and sulphur iron ore, as shown in Figure 1, comprises the steps:
(1) oxidizing semlting: the gold, silver and sulphur iron ore of 0.003% gold medal, 0.05% silver medal, 48% iron, 52% sulphur will be respectively containing mass percent, join with the speed of 30 tons/hour the Isa furnace that interior diameter is 5.4 meters, spray into containing O with the speed of 50000 standard cubes m/h simultaneously
2mass percent is the oxygen-rich air of 48%, at 1400 DEG C, carry out oxidizing semlting, obtains 47000 standard cubes m/h and contains SO
2mass percent is the high-temperature flue gas of 20%, the iron protoxide melting slag of 17.2 tons/hour and 1.47 tons/hour are respectively the gold and silver sulfonium iron of 0.06% gold medal, 1.0% silver medal containing mass percent;
(2) high-temperature flue gas process: by step (1) gained high-temperature flue gas, adopt waste heat boiler recovery waste heat, obtain the superheated vapour 9 tons/hour that temperature is 425 DEG C, pressure is 3.85MPa, then adopt double conversion double absorption technology to carry out extracting sulfuric acid, relieving haperacidity tail gas is containing SO
2mass percent be 0.012%, from the chimney qualified discharge of 60 meters;
(3) melting slag process: by step (1) gained iron protoxide melting slag, be cast into the block of 0.6m × 0.2m × 0.15m, after naturally cooling, obtain iron protoxide clinker, sells;
(4) gold and silver sulfonium iron blowing: by step (1) gained gold and silver sulfonium iron, by 10 tons/stove, joins in the top blown converter of long 2.6 meters, interior diameter 2.4 meters, sprays into containing O at temperature 1400 DEG C, with the speed of 1000 standard cubes m/h
2mass percent is the oxygen-rich air of 93%, blow 4 hours, obtain blowing slag 7.6 tons and containing the electrum 0.195 ton that mass percent is respectively 3.0% gold medal, 50% silver medal, described blowing slag is turned back to step (1) carry out oxidizing semlting together with gold, silver and sulphur iron ore, described electrum is sold.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a treatment process for gold, silver and sulphur iron ore, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) oxidizing semlting: by gold, silver and sulphur iron ore, carries out oxidizing semlting, obtains high-temperature flue gas, iron protoxide melting slag and gold and silver sulfonium iron;
(2) high-temperature flue gas process: by step (1) gained high-temperature flue gas, after recovery waste heat, extracting sulfuric acid, relieving haperacidity tail gas qualified discharge;
(3) melting slag process: by step (1) gained iron protoxide melting slag, be cast into block, after naturally cooling, obtain iron protoxide clinker, sells;
(4) gold and silver sulfonium iron blowing: by step (1) gained gold and silver sulfonium iron, blow, obtain blowing slag and electrum, described blowing slag is turned back to step (1) carry out oxidizing semlting together with gold, silver and sulphur iron ore, described electrum is sold.
2. the treatment process of a kind of gold, silver and sulphur iron ore according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, contained by the described gold, silver and sulphur iron ore of step (1), the mass percent of gold and silver, iron, sulphur is respectively: gold 0.0001 ~ 0.003%, silver 0.005 ~ 0.05%, iron 30 ~ 47%, sulphur 32 ~ 52%, the condition of described oxidizing semlting is: temperature is 1200 ~ 1400 DEG C, enters furnace gases O
2volume basis Particle density is 21 ~ 48%, SO contained by described high-temperature flue gas
2percent by volume be 7 ~ 20%, contained by described gold and silver sulfonium iron, the mass percent of gold and silver is respectively: gold 0.002 ~ 0.06%, silver 0.1 ~ 1.0%.
3. the treatment process of a kind of gold, silver and sulphur iron ore according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the condition of step (4) described blowing is: temperature 1200 ~ 1400 DEG C, enter furnace gases O
2volume basis Particle density is 21 ~ 93%, and contained by described electrum, the mass percent of gold and silver is respectively: gold 0.1 ~ 3.0%, silver 5 ~ 50%.
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| CN105567977A (en) * | 2016-01-24 | 2016-05-11 | 李家元 | Method for treating silver anode mud by pyrogenic process |
| CN107739838A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2018-02-27 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of method for reclaiming iron from electric furnace zinc smelting bottom slag and being enriched with copper and tin |
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Application publication date: 20150805 |