CN104817997A - Solid dust suppressant - Google Patents
Solid dust suppressant Download PDFInfo
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- CN104817997A CN104817997A CN201510143526.XA CN201510143526A CN104817997A CN 104817997 A CN104817997 A CN 104817997A CN 201510143526 A CN201510143526 A CN 201510143526A CN 104817997 A CN104817997 A CN 104817997A
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Abstract
A solid dust suppressant is prepared by mixing 40-90% of a water-soluble high molecular polymer, 5-40% of water-soluble high molecular glue, 0-25% of a moisture absorption humectant, 0.5-5% of a flexibilizer, 1-5% of an antiseptic and 3-10% of an osmotic agent, and has the characteristics of high film forming strength, low brightness and moderate viscosity. The viscosity (at 25DEG C), the pH value, the wind loss rate (under 30mm/s wind speed 5mins, %), the cured layer thickness, the film tensile strength, the film elongation at break and the material bursting strength of the solid dust suppressant are not lower than 8.0mPa.s, 6.0-7.0, not greater than 0.40, not lower than 11.25mm, greater than 11mpa, greater than 13% and greater than 0.05mpa respectively, and the solid dust suppressant realizes difficult brittle rupture after film formation, has a long effective dust suppression time and an ideal dust suppression effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the control of pulverulent material dust pollution, particularly relate to a kind of resistance and control the dust-inhibitor that pulverulent material produces airborne dust in transportation by railroad operational process.
Background technology
Dust pollution is one of principal element causing environmental pollution.Usually can produce a large amount of airborne dusts in the production storage locations such as port and pier, power plant, cement mill, coal yard and railway, transport by road process, not only directly threaten production safety, also can cause great pollution to surrounding environment.
In the transportation of coal, due to by coal conveyor operational process jolt and wind climates affects, surrounding environment and road and rail pollution caused by coal dust along the line serious.Particularly during coal conveyor process of passing through tunnel, by the power piston wind effect of wind tunnel effect, coal dust flies upward and accumulates in tunnel, and not only coal loses in a large number, and tunnel internal stimulus smell is very large.
In order to solve loss and the pollution of the pulverulent material stackings such as coal and transportation, researcher has carried out a large amount of scientific efforts, is proposed various different types of surperficial dust-inhibitor (insulating covering agent).After pulverulent material surface sprinkling dust-inhibitor (insulating covering agent), tectum can be formed on material top layer, if tectal intensity is enough large, just can prevent transportation moderately gusty air and the pollution that causes by power piston wind and loss of material.
Patent 201210047537.4 provides a kind of coal dust depressor, is made up of the water of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymerization emulsions 10 ~ 20%, starch 10 ~ 20%, polyvinyl alcohol 3 ~ 6%, Xylo-Mucine 1 ~ 3% and surplus.The advantage of this coal dust depressor does not comprise inorganics, and the coal having sprayed dust-inhibitor can not produce unnecessary ash content in combustion, can not have an impact to the quality of coal.This dust-inhibitor film forming curing speed is fast, has dust suppression and water-proof function, avoids in transportation the high humidity weather such as to snow to the impact of coal, is applicable to using in the extensive long-distance transport process of coal, is especially applicable to the dust suppression of low-rank coal.
Patent 201110280627.3 discloses a kind of dust-inhibitor, comprise the water of plant seed glue 0.6 ~ 0.8%, modified-cellulose 0.1 ~ 0.3%, dispersion agent 0.05 ~ 0.09% and surplus, be sprayed on the surface of compartment coal, coal can be made to form one deck cured film on surface.This cured film viscosity is high, wind erosion rate is low, avoid coal to lose the airborne dust of dust pollution along the line and coal in railway transport course, transport except dust suppression except for Railway Coal, also can be used for the suppression of the dust such as mine road, urban road, construction site, station terminal, limit by place hardly, with a wide range of applications.
Patent 200810212291.5 discloses a kind of railway coal transportation dust-depressor, containing synthetic polymer 2 ~ 7%, modified-cellulose class water-soluble polymers 0.1 ~ 5%, water 85 ~ 95%, copper sulfate 0 ~ 2%, wherein synthetic polymer at least forms by two kinds of water-soluble polymerss are composite.This invention adopts two or more synthetic polymers and a small amount of auxiliary, viscosity is high, it is evenly sprayed on coal surface and forms the cured layer with some strength, thus the pulverized coal particle of various particle diameter knot is got together, reach the object preventing coal surface airborne dust.
Patent 200910080877.5 relates to a kind of coal dust depressor and preparation method thereof; its composition comprises 0.5 ~ 1.5% Xylo-Mucine, 0.5 ~ 1.5% carboxy starch sodium, 0.1 ~ 0.3% glycerine, 96.7 ~ 98.9% water; spray or be coated on coal surface, compartment; cured layer can be formed on coal surface; coal is avoided to lose the airborne dust of dust pollution along the line and coal in railway transport course; both there is huge economic benefit to transportation by railroad and coal customers, also had the social benefit of environment protection.
Patent 200910265220.6 discloses a kind of coal dust depressor and preparation method thereof, is made up of sodium lignosulfonate 20 ~ 30%, vinylformic acid 12 ~ 18%, hydrogen peroxide 0.4 ~ 0.6%, calcium chloride 5%, sodium tetraborate 0.5%, sodium methyl silicate 3% and water 43 ~ 59%.Coal dust depressor of the present invention uses simple to operate, and preparation production need not particular requirement equipment, and product is nontoxic, and to transportation equipment non-corrosiveness, be convenient to operation and implement and meet environmental requirement, dust suppression particularly waterproof effect is better than prior art.
Patent 201010537096.7 discloses fire-retardant insulating covering agent of a kind of novel coal dust suppression and preparation method thereof, by membrane-forming agent 4 ~ 5%, solidifying agent 10 ~ 12%, film coalescence aid 2 ~ 3%, permeate agent 1 ~ 3%, fire retardant 1 ~ 3%, water 74 ~ 82% forms, fire-retardant for this coal dust suppression insulating covering agent is sprayed on coal surface at normal temperatures, the continuity polymer mulch film of one deck densification can be formed within a short period of time, avoid coal transport and stacking process in airborne dust and dieseling, effective minimizing Coal Economy loss and environmental pollution, there is huge economic benefit and the social benefit of environment protection.
But the dust-inhibitor that above-mentioned patent relates to all has same deficiency.
1, dust-inhibitor does that the film fragility of rear formation is large, insufficient strength.Although the film stretching intensity that above-mentioned dust-inhibitor is formed is all higher, reach more than 14mpa, elongation at break is very low, only has about 8%, and the bursting strength of material is also no more than 0.035mpa, therefore the fragility of film is larger.Compartment vibrations etc. in railway transport course can promote the closely knit further of coal dust, and cause coal dust below mulch film to form cavity, mulch film is unsettled.The mulch film losing anchorage force is very easy to embrittlement under vibrations, and coal dust is exposed again.Therefore, Along Railway still has coal dust airborne dust, especially in tunnel and neighbouring even more serious.
2, the dust-inhibitor that above-mentioned patent relates to is all aqueous products, the unnecessary trouble causing dust-inhibitor transport and use.
Although also have now solid-state dust-inhibitor in use, but be mostly to take starch as main component, be equipped with some other auxiliary agent to form, film strength is lower, and what is more important is excessive with viscosity after the ratio water distribution of 1:100 dissolving, and the viscosity of some product even reaches more than 90mpas, not easily spray, not only easily produce soft precipitation, also easily block shower nozzle, bring inconvenience to the spray of dust-inhibitor.Meanwhile, the film that existing solid-state dust-inhibitor is formed equally also also exists the large problem of film forming fragility.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide that a kind of film strength is high, fragility is low, the solid-state dust-inhibitor of modest viscosity, dust-inhibitor of the present invention be easy to dissolve, spray, cohesiveness is strong, not easily embrittlement after film forming, and effective dust suppression time is long, anti-dust effect ideal.
Solid-state dust-inhibitor of the present invention be a kind ofly integrate wetting, the dynamic dust dust suppression solid product of bonding, the function such as infiltration and moisture absorption, it forms pliable and tough, the fine and close continuous polymer mocromembrane of one deck by high molecular weight water soluble polymer, by adding water-soluble polymer glue to strengthen film strength and the cohesive strength of its polymer mocromembrane, add toughner to strengthen the snappiness of film forming, and add the auxiliary agents such as moisturizing moisture adsorbent, sanitas, permeate agent, be mixed to form dust-proof dust suppression finished product.
Particularly, solid-state dust-inhibitor of the present invention is made up of the component mixture of following weight percentage ratio:
High molecular weight water soluble polymer 40 ~ 90%;
Water-soluble polymer glue 5 ~ 40%;
Moisture-absorption humectant 0 ~ 25%;
Toughner 0.5 ~ 5%;
Sanitas 1 ~ 5%;
Permeate agent 3 ~ 10%.
Described high molecular weight water soluble polymer is the compound of one or more in the derivatived cellulose of solubility, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylamide.Wherein, the derivatived cellulose of solubility comprises carboxymethyl cellulose, methylcellulose gum, ethyl cellulose, Vltra tears, Natvosol and their sodium salt etc.
Described water-soluble polymer glue is natural polymer gelatin, vegetable jelly, microbiological gum.Particularly, gelatin, gum arabic, guanidine glue, xanthan gum can be selected, be preferably gelatin.
Described moisture-absorption humectant is the inorganic salt with moisture-absorption characteristics.The inorganic salt with moisture-absorption characteristics comprise the moisture-absorbing moisture-keeping product that the people such as calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, SODIUMNITRATE, water glass, sodium sulfate know.
Described toughner is the mixture of one or more of the inorganic phosphates such as Sodium hexametaphosphate 99, trisodium phosphate, sodium polyphosphate.Be preferably the mixture of trisodium phosphate and sodium polyphosphate, especially trisodium phosphate and sodium polyphosphate are according to the mixture of the mass ratio of 2:1.
Described sanitas is the mixture of one or more in borax, Sodium Nitrite, phenylpropyl alcohol triazole etc.
Described permeate agent is the mixture of one or more in sodium laurylsulfonate, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether.
The sanitas of described weight percentage, toughner and permeate agent first mix by the concrete preparation method of solid-state dust-inhibitor of the present invention, again the high molecular weight water soluble polymer of described weight percentage, water-soluble polymer glue are mixed with moisture-absorption humectant, finally two kinds of mixtures are uniformly mixed, obtain solid-state dust-inhibitor finished product.
During use, solid-state dust-inhibitor is even by the water dissolution of 100 ~ 150 times of weight, spray on coal dust surface.
Solid-state dust-inhibitor of the present invention is with high molecular weight water soluble polymer and the acting in conjunction of water-soluble polymer glue, form the reticulated structure that has compared with high bond strength, and add there is toughening effect, hygroscopic effect, moisture-keeping function, preservative activity become homogeneous dust-inhibitor with chemosmotic mixing of materials.Water-soluble high molecular polymer and water-soluble polymer glue form longer molecular chain, by the mode of " taking raise ", multiple coal dust particle are linked together, and form polymer tectum, coal dust can not be kicked up; Moisture-absorption humectant stops and slows down water molecules in coal dust and escape in air, ensures that coal dust has certain water content; Toughner strengthens the snappiness of film forming, avoids coating film to tear; Permeate agent can reduce the surface tension at solid, liquid interface, makes dust be easy to be soaked by dust-inhibitor emulsion; After adding sanitas, can reduce or avoid dust-inhibitor to the corrosion of carrier vehicle.
After tested, solid-state dust-inhibitor all technical of the present invention is: viscosity (25 DEG C) >=8.0mPas; PH value 6.0 ~ 7.0; Wind mistake rate (30mm/s wind speed 5mins, %)≤0.40; Cured layer thickness >=11.25mm, more than film stretching intensity 11mpa, film elongation at break rate more than 13%, more than material bursting strength 0.05mpa.
Wherein, the mensuration of tensile strength and elongation at break with reference to GB GB 13022-91, and does suitably amendment, and film sample size 100mm × 15mm, chuck distance 50mm, speed of experiment 25mm/min, measured by micro-control almighty test machine.The mensuration of bursting strength, with reference to GB GB 1539-2007, is measured by Miao Lunshi bursting strength instrument.
Solid-state dust-inhibitor of the present invention is used for coal transportation by railroad, solve coal dust dust pollution problem, ensure that transport production safety and driver and conductor and surrounding work personnel's is healthy and safe, reduce transport and lose the waste caused, add the work-ing life of equipment, especially solve dust-inhibitor and form that film strength is low, cohesive strength is poor, the airborne dust problem caused such as easy to crack.
Solid-state dust-inhibitor of the present invention not only can be applied on coal railway transportation dust suppression, also may be used for mining and transportation environment, flyash, coal and other Ore stockpiles, the aspects such as the improvement of urban construction earthwork airborne dust simultaneously.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
2.5Kg phenylpropyl alcohol triazole, 1.5Kg trisodium phosphate, 1Kg tripoly phosphate sodium STPP, 5Kg sodium laurylsulfonate are mixed, then get 20Kg polyvinyl alcohol, 20Kg carboxymethyl cellulose and 30Kg gelatin, 20Kg tetra-water SODIUMNITRATE mixes.
Above-mentioned two groups of mixtures are uniformly mixed, obtain solid-state dust-inhibitor finished product.
After being dissolved in water according to the weight ratio of 1:100 by gained finished product, test soln the key technical indexes is: viscosity (25 DEG C) 8.6mPas; PH value 6.8; Wind mistake rate (30mm/s wind speed 5mins, %) 0.26; Cured layer thickness 12.25mm; Film stretching intensity 11mpa; Film elongation at break rate 10%; Material bursting strength 0.055mpa.
More commercially available dust-inhibitor technical indicator: viscosity (25 DEG C) 32.4mPas; PH value 6.2; Wind mistake rate (30mm/s wind speed 5mins, %) 0.57; Cured layer thickness 13.38mm; Film stretching intensity 14mpa; Film elongation at break rate 8%; Material bursting strength 0.035mpa.
Embodiment 2
2Kg borax, 2Kg trisodium phosphate, 5Kg sodium laurylsulfonate are mixed, then get 45Kg polyvinyl alcohol, 20Kg carboxymethyl cellulose, 3Kg polyacrylamide and 5Kg gelatin, 18Kg Calcium dichloride dihydrate mixes.
Above-mentioned two groups of mixtures are uniformly mixed, obtain solid-state dust-inhibitor finished product.
The weight ratio of finished product according to 1:100 is dissolved in water, measuring technology index: viscosity (25 DEG C) 18.6mPas; PH value 7.0; Wind mistake rate (30mm/s wind speed 5mins, %) 0.38; Cured layer thickness 13.25mm; Film stretching intensity 9mpa; Film elongation at break rate 12%; Material bursting strength 0.057mpa.
Embodiment 3
2.5Kg Sodium Nitrite, 2Kg tripoly phosphate sodium STPP, 5Kg sodium lauryl sulphate are mixed, then gets 4735Kg polyvinyl alcohol, 35Kg carboxymethyl cellulose and 8Kg xanthan gum and mix.
Above-mentioned two groups of mixtures are uniformly mixed, obtain solid-state dust-inhibitor finished product.
The weight ratio of finished product according to 1:100 is dissolved in water, measuring technology index: viscosity (25 DEG C) 16.8mPas; PH value 6.5; Wind mistake rate (30mm/s wind speed 5mins, %) 0.26; Cured layer thickness 11.0mm; Film stretching intensity 6mpa; Film elongation at break rate 11.5%; Material bursting strength 0.06mpa.
Embodiment 4
1Kg borax, 1Kg phenylpropyl alcohol triazole, 1Kg trisodium phosphate, 0.5Kg tripoly phosphate sodium STPP, 0.5Kg fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 2.5Kg Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate are mixed, then gets 40Kg polyvinyl alcohol, 33.5Kg carboxymethyl cellulose and 20Kg gelatin and mix.
Above-mentioned two groups of mixtures are uniformly mixed, obtain solid-state dust-inhibitor finished product.
The weight ratio of finished product according to 1:120 is dissolved in water, measuring technology index: viscosity (25 DEG C) 9.2mPas; PH value 6.5; Wind mistake rate (30mm/s wind speed 5mins, %) 0.40; Cured layer thickness 15.0mm; Film stretching intensity 8mpa; Film elongation at break rate 11%; Material bursting strength 0.058mpa.
Embodiment 5
1Kg Sodium Nitrite, 1Kg phenylpropyl alcohol triazole, 3Kg trisodium phosphate, 1.5Kg tripoly phosphate sodium STPP, 1Kg fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 2Kg Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate are mixed, then gets 25Kg polyvinyl alcohol, 30Kg carboxymethyl cellulose and 36.5 gum arabics and mix.
Above-mentioned two groups of mixtures are uniformly mixed, obtain solid-state dust-inhibitor finished product.
The weight ratio of finished product according to 1:100 is dissolved in water, measuring technology index: viscosity (25 DEG C) 8.4mPas; PH value 6.5; Wind mistake rate (30mm/s wind speed 5mins, %) 0.25; Cured layer thickness 12.25mm; Film stretching intensity 7mpa; Film elongation at break rate 10.5%; Material bursting strength 0.05mpa.
Embodiment 6
2.5Kg phenylpropyl alcohol triazole, 5Kg trisodium phosphate, 5Kg sodium laurylsulfonate are mixed, then gets 40Kg carboxymethyl cellulose and 30Kg gelatin, 17.5Kg anhydrous sodium sulphate mix.
Above-mentioned two groups of mixtures are uniformly mixed, obtain solid-state dust-inhibitor finished product.
The weight ratio of finished product according to 1:100 is dissolved in water, measuring technology index: viscosity (25 DEG C) 12.8mPas; PH value 6.7; Wind mistake rate (30mm/s wind speed 5mins, %) 0.39; Cured layer thickness 12.0mm; Film stretching intensity 5mpa; Film elongation at break rate 12%; Material bursting strength 0.06mpa.
Each embodiment is only for explaining the present invention above; do not form the restriction to right; other alternative means that those skilled in the art can expect according to description of the present invention, all should within the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a solid-state dust-inhibitor, be made up of the component mixture of following weight percentage ratio:
High molecular weight water soluble polymer 40 ~ 90%;
Water-soluble polymer glue 5 ~ 40%;
Moisture-absorption humectant 0 ~ 25%;
Toughner 0.5 ~ 5%;
Sanitas 1 ~ 5%;
Permeate agent 3 ~ 10%.
2. solid-state dust-inhibitor according to claim 1, is characterized in that described high molecular weight water soluble polymer is the compound of one or more in the derivatived cellulose of solubility, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylamide.
3. solid-state dust-inhibitor according to claim 2, is characterized in that the derivatived cellulose of described solubility comprises carboxymethyl cellulose, methylcellulose gum, ethyl cellulose, Vltra tears, Natvosol and their sodium salt.
4. solid-state dust-inhibitor according to claim 1, is characterized in that described water-soluble polymer glue is gelatin, gum arabic, guanidine glue or xanthan gum.
5. solid-state dust-inhibitor according to claim 1, is characterized in that described moisture-absorption humectant is calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, SODIUMNITRATE, water glass or sodium sulfate.
6. solid-state dust-inhibitor according to claim 1, is characterized in that described toughner is Sodium hexametaphosphate 99, trisodium phosphate, one or more mixture of sodium polyphosphate.
7. solid-state dust-inhibitor according to claim 6, is characterized in that described toughner is the mixture of trisodium phosphate and sodium polyphosphate.
8. solid-state dust-inhibitor according to claim 7, is characterized in that described toughner is trisodium phosphate and the sodium polyphosphate mixture according to the mass ratio of 2:1.
9. solid-state dust-inhibitor according to claim 1, is characterized in that described sanitas is the mixture of one or more in borax, Sodium Nitrite, phenylpropyl alcohol triazole.
10. solid-state dust-inhibitor according to claim 1, is characterized in that described permeate agent is the mixture of one or more in sodium laurylsulfonate, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether.
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| CN105545349A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-05-04 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Corrosion-protection stopping agent for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal and preparation method thereof |
| CN106047299A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2016-10-26 | 覃政强 | Coal dust inhibitor and method for preparing same |
| CN106281226A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2017-01-04 | 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 | Environmental protection dynamic dust coalescence agent for surface mine explosion and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106479101A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2017-03-08 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of moisture-absorbing moisture-keeping type is combined small particle Fugitive dust inhibiting agent and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20150805 |