CN104815608B - Preparation method based on the multi-functional water-oil separating material of stannic oxide/graphene nano band - Google Patents

Preparation method based on the multi-functional water-oil separating material of stannic oxide/graphene nano band Download PDF

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CN104815608B
CN104815608B CN201510220548.1A CN201510220548A CN104815608B CN 104815608 B CN104815608 B CN 104815608B CN 201510220548 A CN201510220548 A CN 201510220548A CN 104815608 B CN104815608 B CN 104815608B
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stannic oxide
graphene nano
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刘宇艳
张恩爽
孙星卉
樊志敏
王友善
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of preparation method based on the multi-functional water-oil separating material of stannic oxide/graphene nano band, methods described step is as follows:First, oxidizing process cutting function stannic oxide/graphene nano band;2nd, stannic oxide/graphene nano band porous membrane is prepared by vacuum filtration method.The area of Multifunctional oil moisture scrapping off film prepared by the present invention is 38 ± 2cm2, holey membrane pore size is 5 200nm.Multifunctional water separation material nethike embrane prepared by this method can carry out water-oil separating and heavy metal adsorption to the multi-component mixture containing immiscible profit, metal ion etc. simultaneously; this one body swimming purifies renewable membrane, to environmental protection, maintains ecosystem balance to have very important significance.

Description

Preparation method based on the multi-functional water-oil separating material of stannic oxide/graphene nano band
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of the multi-functional porous compound nethike embrane of graduation.
Background technology
It has been a worldwide problem that Oil spills and oil-containing industrial water, which are discharged, and this gives ocean zone to carry out many Toxics Matter, be delivered to by marine food chain in each species body including the mankind, makes from rudimentary plant algae to higher mammal Organism species and human health are on the hazard.And except containing insoluble oil, containing a large amount of points toward contact in industrial wastewater Emulsion and heavy metal ion are dissipated, due to its toxicity and carcinogenesis, heavy metal is considered as " killer " posed a health risk.With people Mouthful increase and freshwater resources scarcity, preparation can stable circulation using, for go water removal in different conditions oil and a huge sum of money The multi-functional seperation film of category ion has become a urgent demand.
Traditional weight-driven water-oil separationg film can only separate emulsion or immiscible oil water mixture, it is impossible to separate molten The metal ion of solution in the solution.For existing oil-water separation mesh film and sorbing material, separation process and adsorption process are equal Carry out respectively, after separation water need carry out after-treatment can just reuse.Therefore need to prepare to be capable of function match, together Shi Jinhang water-oil separatings and the seperation film of heavy metal adsorption, and seperation film can realize automatically cleaning after use, anti-oil pollution, Continue cycling through and use.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of preparation side based on the multi-functional water-oil separating material of stannic oxide/graphene nano band Method, multi-functional water-oil separating material web prepared by this method can be simultaneously to multi-component containing immiscible profit, metal ion etc. Mixture carries out water-oil separating and heavy metal adsorption, and this one body swimming purifies renewable membrane, to environmental protection, maintains ecosystem System balance has very important significance.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of preparation method based on the multi-functional water-oil separating material of stannic oxide/graphene nano band, is combined true using oxidizing process Empty suction method prepares multi-functional graduation water-oil separating material, comprises the following steps that:
First, oxidizing process cutting function stannic oxide/graphene nano band:
(1)Measure 2-50mL phosphoric acid solutions to be added in 500mL round-bottomed flask, add the 20-400mL concentrated sulfuric acids, stirring Uniformly;
(2)Weigh 0.1-10g CNTs and be added to step(1)Mixed acid liquid in, stir 0.1-5h;
(3)0.1-50g 3 steps of potassium permanganate point are slowly added into step(2)Mixed liquor in, stir 0.5-1h;
(4)In the oil bath pan that above-mentioned reaction system is moved to 30-70 DEG C, room temperature is cooled to after stirring reaction 5-48h;
(5)By step(4)Solution pour into containing 2-50mL hydrogen peroxide(30%)Frozen water mixed liquor in condense 5-48h, this When solution become it is blackish green explanation reaction it is complete;
(6)Solution is added to 50-200mL concentration after ultrasonically treated for 1-30% hydrochloric acid and 100-300mL deionized waters to exist Filtration washing on poly tetrafluoroethylene;
(7)Dried in vacuum drying chamber, obtain stannic oxide/graphene nano band(GONRs), ultrasonic 2-50min obtains homogeneous The GONRs suspension of change;
(8)0.1-10g IPDI are added in GONRs suspension, under nitrogen protection stirring reaction 20-30h, finally Washed 4-6 times with dichloromethane and DMF to product, freeze-drying obtains functional graphene oxide nanobelt.
2nd, stannic oxide/graphene nano band porous membrane is prepared by vacuum filtration method:
(1)Stannic oxide/graphene nano band is dispersed in 100-1000mL deionized waters and ultrasonically treated, prepared uniform Stannic oxide/graphene nano band suspension, it is 0.2-5 hours to control total ultrasonic time, but its time is not continuous, 5s ultrasounds, 5s stops, meanwhile, ultrasonically treated intensity is 100-200W, and frequency is 10-30 KHZ, and voltage is 100-220V;
(2)The stannic oxide/graphene nano band suspension of acquisition is filtered into a metafiltration film by vacuum filtration, filter paper is used Pore size is 30-50 μm, a diameter of 7cm of film, and area is 38.46cm2, resulting film is flexible, can not have prejudicial Easily fall off filter paper.
It is heavy metal ion adsorbed by the progress of its surface functional group for the multi-functional nethike embrane of stannic oxide/graphene nano band, its The mechanism of action is as follows:
The invention has the advantages that:
1st, it is a kind of letter that the present invention carries out vacuum filtration method to prepare porous material using high length-diameter ratio micro-nano-scale material It is single, conveniently, the controllable method of low cost, parameter, and prepared stannic oxide/graphene nano band net has good super hydrophilic water Under superoleophobic low stick property, it is possible to achieve automatically cleaning, prevent oily pollution in separation process.
2nd, graphene oxide has substantial amounts of functional group due to its surface, and there is its heavy metal ion good absorption to make With therefore graphene oxide composite material is a kind of outstanding and heavy metal ion adsorbing material, and it has amphiphilic, is that one kind has The water-oil separating material of future.
3rd, porous network structure can be formed from overlap joint using the high draw ratio of stannic oxide/graphene nano band, prepares porous web Shape stannic oxide/graphene nano band can realize heavy metal adsorption and water-oil separating double process, and stannic oxide/graphene nano band simultaneously Many kinds of metal ions can be chelated simultaneously with high specific surface area, have the advantages that adsorption capacity is big.
4th, traditional oil water separation process, it is impossible to while being divided the heavy metal ion in the oil and water in sewage From stannic oxide/graphene nano band nethike embrane prepared by the present invention can Adsorption of Heavy Metals ion and water-oil separating application simultaneously, solution The problems such as after-treatment during processing sewage, have a good application prospect.
5th, graphene oxide has amphiphilic, and hydrophilic and oleophilic is superoleophobic under water in air, by oxygen before water-oil separating is carried out Graphite alkene nanobelt nethike embrane enters the infiltration of water-filling, forms water membrane, oil can be effectively prevented in oil water separation process Penetrate into.
6th, the area of Multifunctional oil moisture scrapping off film prepared by the present invention is 38 ± 2cm2, holey membrane pore size is 5- 200nm。
7th, the preparation method is simple to operate, and experiment parameter is controllable, low cost, is inhaled available for manufacture water-oil separating and heavy metal Attached multifunctional material, the material has in air hydrophilic and oleophilic superoleophobic property, good mechanical stability under water.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is stannic oxide/graphene nano band porous web pattern and application process schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is stannic oxide/graphene nano band porous web automatically cleaning process schematic.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but is not limited thereto, it is every to this Inventive technique scheme is modified or equivalent, without departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, all should be covered In protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one:Present embodiment prepares multi-functional water-oil separating material in accordance with the following steps:
First, oxidizing process cutting function stannic oxide/graphene nano band:
(1)Measure 2-50mL phosphoric acid solutions to be added in 500mL round-bottomed flask, add the 20-400mL concentrated sulfuric acids, Stirred under 15000-30000rpm rotating speed;
(2)Weigh 0.1-10g CNTs and be added to step(1)Mixed acid liquid in, stir 0.1-5h;
(3)0.1-50g 3 steps of potassium permanganate point are slowly added into step(2)Mixed liquor in, stir 0.5-1h;
(4)In the oil bath pan that above-mentioned reaction system is moved to 30-70 DEG C, stir anti-under 15000-30000rpm rotating speed Answer and room temperature is cooled to after 5-48h;
(5)By step(4)Solution pour into containing 2-50mL hydrogen peroxide(30%)Frozen water mixed liquor in condense 5-48h, this When solution become it is blackish green explanation reaction it is complete;
(6)Solution is added to the salt that 50-200mL concentration is 1-30% after ultrasonically treated 20-30min under the conditions of 30-50Hz Acid and 100-300mL deionized waters filtration washing on poly tetrafluoroethylene;
(7)20-30h is dried in 50-80 DEG C of vacuum drying chamber, stannic oxide/graphene nano band is obtained(GONRs), ultrasound The GONRs suspension that 2-50min is uniformed;
(8)0.1-10g IPDI are added in GONRs suspension, under nitrogen protection stirring reaction 20-30h(Stirring speed Spend for 15000-30000rpm), finally obtain product and washed 4-6 times with dichloromethane and DMF, freeze-drying obtains functionalization oxygen Graphite alkene nanobelt.
2nd, stannic oxide/graphene nano band porous membrane is prepared by vacuum filtration method:
(1)Stannic oxide/graphene nano band is dispersed in 100-1000mL deionized waters and ultrasonically treated, prepared uniform Stannic oxide/graphene nano band suspension, it is 0.2-5 hours to control total ultrasonic time, but its time is not continuous, 5s ultrasounds, 5s stops, meanwhile, ultrasonically treated intensity is 100-200W, and frequency is 10-30 KHZ, and voltage is 100-220V;
(2)The stannic oxide/graphene nano band suspension of acquisition is filtered into a metafiltration film by vacuum filtration, filter paper is used Pore size is 30-50 μm, a diameter of 7cm of film, and area is 38.46cm2, resulting film is flexible, can not have prejudicial Easily fall off filter paper.
3rd, heavy metal ion adsorbed and water-oil separating application process:
Heavy metal ion solution is prepared as model pollutant, stannic oxide/graphene nano band nethike embrane is mounted in oily-water seperating equipment On, separated by Action of Gravity Field.By oil water mixture and heavy metal ion simultaneously by oily-water seperating equipment, by preparing Multi-functional GONRs nethike embranes.Nethike embrane is tested for water-oil separating separative efficiency respectively using oily-water seperating equipment, separated Liquid passes through Infrared Oil Determination Instrument and Atomic Absorption Spectrometer afterwards(AAS)Determine its oil content and record disengaging time.Such as Fig. 1 institutes Show, Adsorption of Heavy Metals ion and oil are eluted, used by 100mL10% salt acid soaks by separation oil and Adsorption of Heavy Metals caudacoria In subsequent applications(Fig. 2).
The area of Multifunctional oil moisture scrapping off film prepared by the present invention is 38 ± 2cm2, holey membrane pore size is 5- 200nm。
Embodiment two:Present embodiment prepares Multifunctional oil moisture scrapping off film in accordance with the following steps:
First, oxidizing process cutting function stannic oxide/graphene nano band;
(1)20mL phosphoric acid solutions are measured to be added in 500mL round-bottomed flask, be subsequently added into the 180mL concentrated sulfuric acids and Rotating speed be 30000rpm under stir;
(2)Weigh 1g CNTs and be added in above mixed acid liquid and stir 1h;
(3)6g 3 steps of potassium permanganate point are slowly added into liquid mixed above and 30min is stirred;
(4)In the oil bath pan that above-mentioned reaction system is moved to 45 DEG C, the stirring reaction under conditions of rotating speed is 30000rpm Room temperature is cooled to after 24h;
(5)Pour into containing 10mL hydrogen peroxide(30%)Frozen water mixed liquor in condense 24h, now solution becomes blackish green theory Bright reaction is complete;
(6)Solution is added to the hydrochloric acid and 150mL deionized waters that 100mL concentration is 10% in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) after ultrasonically treated Filtration washing on film;
(7)24h is dried in 60 DEG C of vacuum drying chamber and obtains stannic oxide/graphene nano band(GONRs), ultrasonic 10min obtains To the GONRs suspension of homogenization;
(8)2g IPDI are added, under nitrogen protection stirring reaction 24h, finally obtain product dichloromethane and DMF Washing 5 times, freeze-drying obtains functional graphene oxide nanobelt.
2nd, stannic oxide/graphene nano band porous membrane is prepared by vacuum filtration method:
(1)0.008mol stannic oxide/graphene nano bands are dispersed in 400mL deionized waters and ultrasonically treated, prepared uniform Stannic oxide/graphene nano band suspension.It is 1.0 hours to set total ultrasonic time, but its time is not continuous, 5s ultrasounds, 5s stops.Ultrasonically treated effective time is 0.5 hour.Meanwhile, ultrasonically treated intensity is 150W, 20 KHZ frequencies and voltage 203V。
(2)The nanobelt suspension of acquisition is filtered into a metafiltration film by vacuum filtration, is using the pore size of filter paper 30-50 μm, film diameter is 7cm, and area is 38.46cm2.Resulting film is flexible, can not have prejudicial easily fall off Filter paper.
3rd, heavy metal ion adsorbed and water-oil separating application process:
Heavy metal ion solution is prepared as model pollutant, stannic oxide/graphene nano band nethike embrane is mounted in oily-water seperating equipment On, separated by Action of Gravity Field.By oil water mixture and heavy metal ion simultaneously by oily-water seperating equipment, by preparing Multi-functional GONRs nethike embranes.Nethike embrane is tested for water-oil separating separative efficiency respectively using oily-water seperating equipment, separated Liquid passes through Infrared Oil Determination Instrument and Atomic Absorption Spectrometer afterwards(AAS)Determine its oil content and record disengaging time, separative efficiency 95 ± 4%, Adsorption of Heavy Metals ion 90 ± 5%.
The area of Multifunctional oil moisture scrapping off film prepared by present embodiment is 38 ± 2cm2, holey membrane pore size is 100 ± 20nm, thickness is 2mm.
Embodiment three:Present embodiment prepares Multifunctional oil moisture scrapping off film in accordance with the following steps:
First, oxidizing process cutting function stannic oxide/graphene nano band:
(1)20mL phosphoric acid solutions are measured to be added in 500mL round-bottomed flask, be subsequently added into the 180mL concentrated sulfuric acids and Rotating speed be 30000rpm under conditions of stir;
(2)Weigh 3g CNTs and be added in above mixed acid liquid and stir 1h;
(3)6g 3 steps of potassium permanganate point are slowly added into liquid mixed above and 30min is stirred;
(4)In the oil bath pan that above-mentioned reaction system is moved to 45 DEG C, the stirring reaction under conditions of rotating speed is 30000rpm Room temperature is cooled to after 24h;
(5)Pour into containing 10mL hydrogen peroxide(30%)Frozen water mixed liquor in condense 24h, now solution becomes blackish green theory Bright reaction is complete;
(6)Solution is added to the hydrochloric acid and 150mL deionized waters that 100mL concentration is 10% in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) after ultrasonically treated Filtration washing on film;
(7)24h is dried in 60 DEG C of vacuum drying chamber and obtains stannic oxide/graphene nano band(GONRs), ultrasonic 10min obtains To the GONRs suspension of homogenization;
(8)2g IPDI are added, under nitrogen protection stirring reaction 24h, finally obtain product dichloromethane and DMF Washing 5 times, freeze-drying obtains functional graphene oxide nanobelt.
2nd, stannic oxide/graphene nano band porous membrane is prepared by vacuum filtration method:
(1)0.008mol stannic oxide/graphene nano bands are dispersed in 400mL deionized waters and ultrasonically treated, prepared uniform Stannic oxide/graphene nano band suspension.It is 1.0 hours to set total ultrasonic time, but its time is not continuous, 5s ultrasounds, 5s stops.Ultrasonically treated effective time is 0.5 hour.Meanwhile, ultrasonically treated intensity is 150W, 20 KHZ frequencies and voltage 203V。
(2)The nanobelt suspension of acquisition is filtered into a metafiltration film by vacuum filtration;It is using the pore size of filter paper 30-50 μm.Film diameter is 7cm, and area is 38.46cm2.Resulting film is flexible, can not have prejudicial easily fall off Filter paper.
3rd, heavy metal ion adsorbed and water-oil separating application process:
Heavy metal ion solution is prepared as model pollutant, stannic oxide/graphene nano band nethike embrane is mounted in oily-water seperating equipment On, separated by Action of Gravity Field.By oil water mixture and heavy metal ion simultaneously by oily-water seperating equipment, by preparing Multi-functional GONRs nethike embranes.Nethike embrane is tested for water-oil separating separative efficiency respectively using oily-water seperating equipment, separated Liquid passes through Infrared Oil Determination Instrument and Atomic Absorption Spectrometer afterwards(AAS)Determine its oil content and record disengaging time.
The area of Multifunctional oil moisture scrapping off film prepared by present embodiment is 38 ± 2cm2, holey membrane pore size is 20 ± 10nm, thickness is 5mm.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of preparation method based on the multi-functional water-oil separating material of stannic oxide/graphene nano band, it is characterised in that methods described Step is as follows:
First, oxidizing process cutting function stannic oxide/graphene nano band:
(1)Measure 2-50mL phosphoric acid solutions to be added in 500mL round-bottomed flask, add the 20-400mL concentrated sulfuric acids, stir;
(2)Weigh 0.1-10g CNTs and be added to step(1)Mixed acid liquid in, stir 0.1-5h;
(3)0.1-50g 3 steps of potassium permanganate point are slowly added into step(2)Mixed liquor in, stir 0.5-1h;
(4)In the oil bath pan that above-mentioned reaction system is moved to 30-70 DEG C, room temperature is cooled to after stirring reaction 5-48h;
(5)By step(4)Solution pour into the frozen water mixed liquor containing 2-50mL hydrogen peroxide and condense 5-48h, now solution becomes It is complete into blackish green explanation reaction;
(6)By ultrasonically treated rear addition 50-200mL hydrochloric acid and 100-300mL the deionized waters mistake on poly tetrafluoroethylene of solution Filter washing;
(7)Dried in vacuum drying chamber, obtain GONRs, the GONRs suspension that ultrasonic 2-50min is uniformed;
(8)0.1-10g IPDI are added in GONRs suspension, stirring reaction 20-30h, finally obtains production under nitrogen protection Thing is washed 4-6 times with dichloromethane and DMF, and freeze-drying obtains functional graphene oxide nanobelt;
2nd, stannic oxide/graphene nano band porous membrane is prepared by vacuum filtration method:
(1)Functional graphene oxide nanobelt is dispersed in 100-1000mL deionized waters and ultrasonically treated, prepared uniform Stannic oxide/graphene nano band suspension;
(2)The stannic oxide/graphene nano band suspension of acquisition is filtered into a metafiltration film by vacuum filtration.
2. the preparation method according to claim 1 based on the multi-functional water-oil separating material of stannic oxide/graphene nano band, its The concentration for being characterised by the hydrogen peroxide is 30%.
3. the preparation method according to claim 1 based on the multi-functional water-oil separating material of stannic oxide/graphene nano band, its The concentration for being characterised by the hydrochloric acid is 1-30%.
4. the preparation method according to claim 1 based on the multi-functional water-oil separating material of stannic oxide/graphene nano band, its It is characterised by the step 2(1)In, ultrasonically treated intensity is 100-200W, and frequency is 10-30 KHz, and voltage is 100- 220V。
5. the preparation method according to claim 1 based on the multi-functional water-oil separating material of stannic oxide/graphene nano band, its It is characterised by the step 2(1)In, total ultrasonic time is 0.2-5 hours, and 5s ultrasounds, 5s stops.
6. the preparation method according to claim 1 based on the multi-functional water-oil separating material of stannic oxide/graphene nano band, its It is characterised by that the filter paper pore size that the vacuum filtration is used is 30-50 μm, a diameter of 7cm of film, area is 38.46cm2
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