CN104815474A - Mechanical full-automatic backwash filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical full-automatic backwash filter mainly composed of a housing, a differential pressure control composite valve, a main filter core, an auxiliary filter core, and an auxiliary drainage valve. When the filter residue of the main filter core accumulates to a certain degree, the composite valve operates, and a fluid flow direction is changed; after the fluid is filtered by the auxiliary filter core, most of the fluid flows to a supply outlet, and the rest is used for washing the main filter core before being discharged. After a certain period of time, the composite valve is reset automatically. If the auxiliary filter core has accumulated dirt, the auxiliary drainage valve is opened automatically and the auxiliary filter core is washed. The main filter core is composed of a plurality of cylindrical filter meshes with different specifications, which are combined from the outer side to the inner side according to the mesh size with certain spaces. With the filter, the washing period is long, and the washing direction is from the inner side to the outer side, such that the loss of fluid medium is substantially reduced. The washing times of the main and auxiliary filter cores are automatically adjusted with an inverse proportion according to the changes in working pressures. The washing intensity is constant, and manual intervention is eliminated. The filter provided by the invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure, no need of external power, and on-line cleaning. The filter can operate for a long time without maintenance, and is suitable for a variety of fields.

Description

A kind of mechanical automatic backwash filter

Technical field

The invention belongs to fluid treatment technical field, relate to fluid filtering device, be specifically related to a kind of mechanical automatic backwash filter.

Background technology

Automatic backwashing filter is the most widely used a kind of filter plants of industry fluid treatment such as oil gas, iron and steel, electric power, chemical industry, papermaking, pharmacy, water treatment, gardens and agricultural irrigation, municipal administration, food.Automatic backwashing filter common at present, the overwhelming majority uses electric power as operation power, not only body construction is complicated, also need the control system that configuration is complicated in addition, cost is higher, install and use inconvenience, and minority uses equipment and technology that fluid pressure itself is operation power, there is problems and the defects such as complex structure, fluid media (medium) loss be large equally.

The Chinese patent " the automatic anti-filter rinsed of hydro powered " that application number is CN200620017467, publication date is 2007.09.26 discloses a kind of under hydroman controls, hydraulic motors is utilized to drive contaminants collector rotary motion, piston driving contaminants collector is utilized to move axially, filter screen is cleaned, blowdown is carried out by external blowoff valve, hydrodynamic force can be utilized as power source, realize the technical scheme of cleaning automatically, but complex structure, required precision is high, manufacture difficulty is large, and cost is higher.Application number is CN201010603266, the Chinese patent " a kind of jet automatic back flush filter " that publication date is 2011.06.15 discloses and a kind ofly utilizes the filter residue in filter assemblies to assemble to block the attached wall of pressure reduction control jet that formed and commutation, two groups of filter assemblies are hocketed filter and backsurging operation, the continuous filtration of filter assemblies and the technical scheme of automatic backwash can be realized, but, except complicated structure and the loss of flood peak excessive except, when back washing strength is certain, if it is less to carry out dirty amount, fluid media (medium) can be caused to lose in a large number, come all filter assemblies then certainly will be caused to block gradually when dirty amount is larger, until complete cisco unity malfunction.The Chinese patent " automatic anti-filter rinsed " that application number is CN201110114467, publication date is 2011.10.26 discloses filter screen that a kind of utilization can move up and down along cylindrical case inwall and promotes reversal valve in the thrust that dirt accumulation produces to a certain extent and commutate and open the anti-filter rinsed of sewage draining exit, but this technology needs to block liquid outlet interrupt delivery or the fluid directly to liquid outlet conveying filtered in cleaning process, and fluid media (medium) loss is comparatively large, dirt is discharged not thorough.The Chinese patent " Full-automatic reverse filter rinsed " that application number is CN201410111098, publication date is 2014.07.23 discloses a kind of setting two butterfly valves up and down in filtration cartridges that utilize and links mutually so as to the realization of alter direction to filter cylinder back flushing, but it is obviously not enough to there is a few place in this technology: one be filter cylinder top not only for normal filtration but also for providing cleaning fluid for cleaning filter cylinder middle and lower part, need human at periodic intervals to clean; Two is that filter cylinder cleans direction for from outside to inside, causes flow losses excessive; Three are filter cylinders is substance, causes cleaning frequency high, also causes flow losses excessive; Four is along with change of pressure manually need adjust scavenging period, causes and uses inconvenience.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide one not only simple and compact for structure, and fluid media (medium) loss is few, keeps the mechanical automatic backwash filter of on-line cleaning simultaneously, thoroughly overcome the deficiency existing for background technology and problem.

For solving the problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is: pressure reduction pressure differential detection mechanism, self-adjusting delay control mechanism, fluid dynamic driving mechanism, reversal valve and main blowoff valve become one controls combination valve, realizes automatically detecting main filter core inside and outside differential pressure and automatically cleaning; Secondary filter core is set and provides cleaning fluid for cleaning main filter core; After main filter element cleaning, as secondary filter core has dirt accumulation, then secondary blowoff valve is automatically opened and is carried out back flush; Main filter core adopts multiple different size screen pack to form, and filtering direction and the cleaning reverse setting in direction, significantly reduce flow losses; The scavenging period of main filter core and secondary filter core all with fluid operating pressure change inverse proportion from Row sum-equal matrix, without the need to manual intervention.

During work, pressure differential detection mechanism detects both sides operating pressure inside and outside main filter core automatically, when main filter core dirt accumulation to a certain extent time, the triggering fluid power-driven mechanism action of pressure differential detection mechanism, fluid dynamic driving mechanism promotes the combination valve action be made up of reversal valve and main blowoff valve, alter direction, open main drain outlet, fluid is by after secondary filter element filtering, and major part flows to delivery outlet, and remainder completes is discharged by drain outlet after main filter element cleaning.Meanwhile, self-adjusting delay control mechanism starts timing; When timing reaches certain hour, pressure reduction controls combination valve and resets, and completes main filter element cleaning.Self-adjusting delay control mechanism from Row sum-equal matrix scavenging period, keeps main filter element cleaning intensity constant constant with change of pressure.Main filter element cleaning is complete, and piling up dirt as secondary filter core needs cleaning, then reverse cleaning is carried out to secondary filter core in secondary blowoff valve automatic open auxiliary drain outlet, cleans and automatically stops to certain hour.Secondary filter core piles up dirt the more, and its scavenging period is longer.When secondary filter core chocking-up degree is identical, its scavenging period also with change of pressure from Row sum-equal matrix, keep cleaning strength invariable.

Main filter core to be kept at a certain distance away from outside to inside by thickness by the cylindrical filter screen of several different size and forms, and from outside to inside, cleaning direction from inside to outside for filtering direction.Adopt multiple filter screen to connect to use, in the confined space, significantly increase filter area, extend the cleaning frequency, be beneficial to cleaning, reduce cleaning frequency, significantly reduce fluid media (medium) loss.Simultaneously, because main filter core outer space can accomplish little inner space far away, and clean direction from inside to outside, avoid cleaning direction from outside to inside time inner space a large amount of fluid treat the dilution of blowdown turbidity current body medium, significantly improve contaminant removal effectiveness, the loss of same significantly minimizing fluid media (medium).

Structure of the present invention is simple, cheap for manufacturing cost; Full machinery, without the need to additionaling power; All parts all can be placed in enclosure interior, can be applicable to any adverse circumstances; Automatically, any human intervention is exempted; With change of pressure, inverse proportion, from Row sum-equal matrix, keeps cleaning strength invariable to scavenging period; Energy consumption is low, and fluid media (medium) loss is little; Easy to install, longtime running Maintenance free, overcomes the deficiency existing for background technology and defect completely.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is embodiment of the present invention internal structure cross-sectional schematic.

Fig. 2 is A-A sectional view in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is B-B sectional view in Fig. 2.

In figure, 1. carry out liquid mouth 2. to protect filter screen 3. detect aperture 4. and to detect on diaphragm 5. complex spring 9. on cone of support cylinder 6. detection springs 7. throttle tube 8. and drive diaphragm 10. lower support to bore the secondary filter core of main blowdown spool 17. difunctional mouth 18. outer tube 19. reversing valve core 20. of flow channels 12. annular closure plate 13. inner sleeve 14. dividing plate 15. import 16. 21. times complex spring 22. gripper shoe 23. guide pipe 24. liquid outlets 25. times flow channels 26. throttle orifice 27. secondary blowdown spool 28. bracing frame 29. washing outlet 30. inner filtrations on cylinder 11. to export the 31. main secondary drain outlet of filter core 32. 33. main waste 34. line cylinder 35. blow-off pipe 36. sewage draining exit 37. relief hole 38. sealing shrouds 39. and to exert pressure hole 40. pressure signal passage 41. throttle tube substrate 42. sealing ring 43. flowing hole 44. central siphon 45. inner housing 46. shell body 47. rib.

Detailed description of the invention

With reference to accompanying drawing.

Tubular shell 46 top is provided with liquid mouth 1, and bottom is provided with liquid outlet 24; Carry out to be provided with on rear side of liquid mouth 1 protection filter screen 2.

Detect diaphragm 4, detection springs 6, wide section on central siphon 44, upper cone of support cylinder 5 and inner housing 45 top composition pressure differential detection mechanism, wherein be provided with inner housing 45 top cover of detect aperture 3 to detection diaphragm 4 and central siphon 44 position-limiting actions, upper cone of support cylinder 5 prevents from detecting diaphragm 4 excessive deformation, upper cone of support cylinder 5 center is provided with the cylinder that internal diameter is greater than detection springs 6 external diameter, this bottom of cylinder is provided with the annular slab for supporting detection springs 6 throttle tube substrate 41 position-limiting actions to its bottom side, on central siphon 44, wide section is provided with flowing hole 43 and pressure signal passage 40 epimere and is provided with sealing ring 42 on the downside of flowing hole 43.

Throttle tube 7, throttle tube substrate 41, upper complex spring 8 form self-adjusting delay control mechanism, wherein throttle tube 7 inner via hole and central siphon 44 are provided with throttle clearance between wide section periphery wall.Main filter core 31 scavenging period length depends on that the size of complex spring 8 elastic modelling quantity, fluid matasomatism enter the degree of depth in throttle tube 7 in the size of throttle tube substrate 41 effective area, the size of above-mentioned throttle clearance, the height of fluid pressure and flowing hole 43, automatically can adjust by inverse proportion with change in fluid pressure.

Detect wide section, sealing ring 42, throttle tube 7, throttle tube substrate 41, upper complex spring 8 and inner housing 45 top on diaphragm 4, central siphon 44 and form detection inner chamber.

Diaphragm 9, inner sleeve 13 top, central siphon 44 thin diameter section and lower wide section and line cylinder 34 is driven to form fluid dynamic driving mechanism, wherein drive diaphragm 9 bottom side to be provided with lower support cone cylinder 10 and prevent its excessive deformation, central siphon 44 times wide sections are provided with exert pressure hole 39 and upper flow channels 11, and hole 39 of exerting pressure is communicated with flowing hole 43 by pressure signal passage 40.

Drive in the middle part of diaphragm 9, inner sleeve 13 top, central siphon 44, sealing ring 42, throttle tube 7 top, upper complex spring 8 and inner housing 45 and form driving inner chamber.

Upper end is provided with the inner sleeve 13 of relief hole 37, outer tube 18, main blowdown spool 16, reversing valve core 19 and guide pipe 23 and forms compound spool, and wherein inner sleeve 13 and outer tube 18 are connected as one by rib 47, form secondary drain outlet 32 between the two; Inner sleeve 13 and guide pipe 23 inner via hole form lower flow channels 25, and sealing shroud 38 is equipped with in lower flow channels 25 upper end, and sealing shroud 38 is provided with the flowing hole communicated with relief hole 37; Guide pipe 23, both as flow channels, supports that again compound spool bottom can not move radially.Compound spool and import 15, difunctional mouth 17, main waste 33, inner filtration export 30, washing outlet 29 and sewage draining exit 36 form combination valve, and wherein difunctional mouth 17 is not only for filtering outlet but also be main blowdown import.There is between main blowdown spool 16 periphery wall and line cylinder 34 inner hole wall fluid when can ensure blowdown produce enough large motive force to main blowdown spool 16 and can ensure again the distance that maximum dirt particle passes through smoothly, if necessary can by main blowdown spool 16 periphery along be set to perforation shape to meet the demands.Blow-off pipe 35 one end connects with sewage draining exit 36, and the other end leads to atmosphere zone through shell body 46 shell wall.

Central siphon 44 is relative fixing with inner sleeve 13 circumferential position, and it is orthogonal that exert pressure hole 39 and relief hole 37 cross flow path direction, and both guarantees can not be interfered with each other by complete shutoff when needed.

Line cylinder 34 upper end is provided with by rib and the affixed annular closure plate 12 of line cylinder 34 inner hole wall, and block secondary drain outlet 32 during for cleaning main filter core and export, anti-fluid is constantly discharged from secondary drain outlet 32.

The secondary filter core 20 of cone tubular is arranged on outside washing outlet 29, and its bottom side is provided with bracing frame 28, and bracing frame 28 center is provided with gripper shoe 22, and gripper shoe 22 center is provided with pilot hole and is provided with throttle orifice 26 in pilot hole side.Gripper shoe 22, lower complex spring 21 and secondary blowdown spool 27 form secondary blowoff valve and form secondary blowoff valve inner chamber with guide pipe 23.

After other influences factor is determined, the length of secondary filter core 20 scavenging period depends on secondary filter core 20 dirt accumulation degree and fluid operating pressure size; Restoring force due to lower complex spring 21 can arrange to obtain the pressure that produces secondary blowdown spool 27 much smaller than fluid, and approximate reverse ratio adjusts automatically with change in fluid pressure can to make secondary filter core 20 scavenging period.

Above-mentioned all working parts become one, and are fixed in shell body 46 internal perisporium by toroidal membrane 14.

To be kept at a certain distance away from outside to inside the main filter core 31 formed by thickness by the cone cylindrical filter screen of three kinds of different sizes, be installed between difunctional mouth 17 and liquid outlet 24, from outside to inside, cleaning direction from inside to outside for its filtering direction.

During work, fluid is entered by inlet 1, enters import 15 through protection filter screen 2 by after excessive dirt particle filtering, then enters main filter core 31 through inner filtration outlet 30, difunctional mouth 17, is finally flowed out by liquid outlet 24.

Pressure signal outside main filter core 31 is by difunctional mouth 17, inner filtration outlet 30, import 15 and detect mouth 3 and be delivered to and detect outside diaphragm 4, and the pressure signal inside main filter core 31 is then by lower flow channels 25, upper flow channels 11, pressure signal passage 40 and flowing hole 43 or also comprise throttle clearance and be delivered to detection inner chamber.

Constantly pile up along with dirt outside main filter core 31 and cause inside and outside both sides pressure reduction constantly to increase, central siphon 44 compresses detection springs 6 and constantly moves down under detection diaphragm 4 promotes.

Before central siphon 44 enters the next state, drive on the upside of diaphragm 9 bottom side and main blowdown spool 16 and communicated with atmosphere zone by blow-off pipe 35, drive inner chamber by hole 39 of exerting pressure, upper flow channels 11 and lower flow channels 25 communicate with the main inboard region of filter core 31, main blowdown spool 16 bottom side is by inner filtration outlet 30, import 15 and protection filter screen 2 with carry out liquid mouth 1 and communicate, even if cause driving cavity fluid pressure less because both sides inside and outside main filter core 31 exist pressure differential, but owing to driving diaphragm 9 by fluid pressure action area much larger than main blowdown spool 16, thus make the fluid pressure on the upside of driving diaphragm 9 much larger than the fluid pressure of main blowdown spool 16 bottom side, compound spool can be made to be in stable the next state, and the fluid pressure of throttle tube substrate about 41 both sides is by exerting pressure hole 39, pressure signal passage 40, flowing hole 43 or also comprise throttle clearance and keep balance, throttle tube 7 is made to keep transfixion equally.

When inside and outside main filter core 31, both sides pressure reduction increases to a certain degree, central siphon 44 is displaced downwardly to and forms flow channels between its thin diameter section periphery wall with sealing shroud 38 inner hole wall and communicate with relief hole 37, cause driving inner chamber to be communicated with atmosphere zone by blow-off pipe 35, drive cavity fluid Pressure Drop to atmospheric pressure, move on compound spool drive driving diaphragm 9 under main blowdown spool 16 bottom side fluid pressure promotes is quick, exert pressure hole 39 by inner sleeve 13 shutoff completely, reversing valve core 19 is opened washing outlet 29 and is closed inner filtration outlet 30, main blowdown spool 16 opens main waste 33, annular closure plate 12 blocks secondary drain outlet 32 and exports.So far, fluid is flowed out by washing outlet 29, after secondary filter core 20 filters, major part flows to liquid outlet 24, discharges after remainder completes and cleans main filter core 31 through difunctional mouth 17, main waste 33, flow channels between main blowdown spool 16 and line cylinder 34 and sewage draining exit 36 from blow-off pipe 35.Meanwhile, along with inside secondary filter core 20, dirt is constantly piled up, and inside and outside it, pressure at both sides difference increases gradually, and under secondary blowdown spool 27 compresses under fluid pressure action, complex spring 21 is discharged secondary blowoff valve cavity fluid through throttle orifice 26 and moves down gradually.

Along with washing outlet 29 is opened, the fluid pressure signal that lower flow channels 25 import department raises fast is delivered to flowing hole 43, but form narrow and small throttle clearance because flowing hole 43 has entered in throttle tube 7 endoporus, testing agency not only can not reset immediately, on the contrary, because throttle tube substrate 41 bottom side fluid pressure is down to atmospheric pressure, under the effect of detection diaphragm 4 lateral fluid pressure, central siphon 44 continues to be displaced downwardly to the next state of the limit.

Along with fluid slowly enters detection inner chamber from flowing hole 43 and throttle clearance, throttle tube substrate 41 compresses upper complex spring 8 and slowly moves down; When throttle tube 7 is displaced downwardly to its upper end lower than flowing hole 43, fluid directly enters detection inner chamber by flowing hole 43, detects cavity fluid pressure and raises fast, testing agency's Rapid reset; When central siphon 44 times wide sections blocking relief holes 37 and hole 39 of exerting pressure higher than sealing shroud 38 top time, drive cavity fluid pressure to raise fast, driving mechanism promotes compound spool Rapid reset, and main filter core 31 has cleaned.Meanwhile, because the pressure of throttle tube substrate about 41 both sides reaches balance, under the effect of upper complex spring 8 restoring force, throttle tube 7 also Rapid reset.

After main filter core 31 cleans and terminates compound valve core reset, if lower complex spring 21 causes being compressed because having dirt accumulation inside secondary filter core 20, then certain distance can be there is between secondary drain outlet 32 import and secondary blowdown spool 27, simultaneously, due to the throttling action of throttle orifice 26, slowly resetted by the lower complex spring 21 compressed, part completes through the fluid that main filter core 31 filters and discharges from secondary drain outlet 32, until secondary drain outlet 32 import blocks by secondary blowdown spool 27 completely after secondary filter core 20 cleaning; If lower complex spring 21 is not compressed owing to not having dirt accumulation inside secondary filter core 20, then secondary blowdown spool 27 directly can block secondary drain outlet 32 import, just can not clean secondary filter core 20.

So far, a complete cleaning process terminates, and waits for that next cleaning process starts.

For ease of safeguarding and maintenance, all controlling organizations and blow-off pipe 35 can be arranged at shell body 46 outside.

Claims (9)

1. a mechanical automatic backwash filter, include shell body (46), pressure reduction control combination valve, blow-off pipe (35) and main filter core (31) that two ends, the end, top are respectively equipped with liquid mouth (1) and liquid outlet (24), it is characterized in that: described pressure reduction controls combination valve and is provided with washing outlet (29), main waste (33), the difunctional mouth (17) with filtering outlet and main blowdown import two kinds of functions, sewage draining exit (36) and compound spool; Described main filter core (31) is installed between difunctional mouth (17) and liquid outlet (24); Described washing outlet (29) outside is provided with the secondary filter core (20) providing cleaning fluid for cleaning main filter core (31); The secondary drain outlet (32) for cleaning secondary filter core (20) is provided with between described secondary filter core (20) inner side and sewage draining exit (36); The import of described secondary drain outlet (32) is provided with secondary blowoff valve.

2. mechanical automatic backwash filter as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described pressure reduction controls combination valve and includes pressure differential detection mechanism, self-adjusting delay control mechanism, fluid dynamic driving mechanism; Described pressure differential detection mechanism includes detects diaphragm (4), upper cone of support cylinder (5), detection springs (6) and central siphon (44), described upper cone of support cylinder (5) bottom is provided with cylinder, described bottom of cylinder is provided with the annular slab for supporting detection springs (6), described central siphon (44) is made up of upper wide section, thin diameter section and lower wide section and is provided with flowing hole (43), pressure signal passage (40), hole of exerting pressure (39) and upper flow channels (11), and described flowing hole (43) downside is provided with sealing ring (42); Described self-adjusting delay control mechanism includes throttle tube (7), throttle tube substrate (41) and upper complex spring (8), is provided with throttle clearance between described throttle tube (7) inner hole wall and the upper wide section periphery wall of central siphon (44); Described fluid dynamic driving mechanism includes the driving diaphragm (9) be connected with compound spool and the line cylinder (34) being arranged at main waste (33) outside.

3. mechanical automatic backwash filter as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described compound spool is made up of main blowdown spool (16), reversing valve core (19), inner sleeve (13), outer tube (18) and guide pipe (23), described inner sleeve (13) and outer tube (18) are connected by rib (47) and form secondary drain outlet (32).

4. mechanical automatic backwash filter as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described main filter core (31) is combined by some different size cylindrical filter screen, described some different size cylindrical filter screen keep at a certain distance away from outside to inside by thickness and combine.

5. mechanical automatic backwash filter as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described secondary filter core (20) is cone tubular multi-layer sintering filter screen, and bottom side is provided with the bracing frame (28) that center is provided with gripper shoe (22).

6. mechanical automatic backwash filter as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described secondary blowoff valve includes secondary blowdown spool (27), lower complex spring (21) and gripper shoe (22), described secondary blowdown spool (27) is provided with central through hole, described gripper shoe (22) center is provided with pilot hole, and described pilot hole side is provided with throttle orifice (26); Described secondary blowdown spool (27) central through hole and be matched in clearance between gripper shoe (22) pilot hole and guide pipe (23).

7. mechanical automatic backwash filter as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described central siphon (44) is relative fixing with described inner sleeve (13) circumferential position, and it is orthogonal that hole of exerting pressure (39) mistake flow path direction and relief hole (37) cross flow path direction.

8. mechanical automatic backwash filter as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described line cylinder (34) upper end is provided with the annular closure plate (12) exported for blocking secondary drain outlet (32), and described annular closure plate (12) is fixed in line cylinder (34) inner hole wall by rib.

9. the mechanical automatic backwash filter as described in claim 1 or 4, is characterized in that: described main filter core (31) is made up of the cone cylindrical filter screen of thin three kinds of specifications in thick, and described fie screen is multi-layer sintering filter screen.