CN104808261A - Rainfall measuring sensor without mechanical structure - Google Patents
Rainfall measuring sensor without mechanical structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN104808261A CN104808261A CN201510125517.8A CN201510125517A CN104808261A CN 104808261 A CN104808261 A CN 104808261A CN 201510125517 A CN201510125517 A CN 201510125517A CN 104808261 A CN104808261 A CN 104808261A
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- chip microcomputer
- circuit
- graduated cylinder
- stainless steel
- steel bar
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
- G01W1/14—Rainfall or precipitation gauges
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a rainfall measuring sensor without a mechanical structure, and solves the technical problems that existing mechanical tipping-bucket rain gauges are inaccurate in measurement and poor in reliability. The rainfall measuring sensor comprises a bucket type capacitor, a capacitance measurement circuit, a single-chip microcomputer and a liquid crystal display module. The capacitance measurement circuit is connected with the single-chip microcomputer. The liquid crystal display module is connected with the single-chip microcomputer. The bucket-type capacitor comprises a corrosion-resistant insulated measuring cylinder which is provided with an external wall and a cylinder bottom part. A metal foil is connected at the external wall of the corrosion-resistant insulated measuring cylinder. A stainless steel bar is perpendicularly connected at the cylinder bottom part of the corrosion-resistant insulated measuring cylinder. The stainless steel bar is positioned at the central axis of the corrosion-resistant insulated measuring cylinder. The metal foil and the stainless steel bar are respectively connected with the capacitance measurement circuit via lead wires. The rainfall measuring sensor without the mechanical structure is widely applied to the technical field of monitoring of rainfall and other liquid amount.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sensor, particularly relate to a kind of rainfall measurement sensor of mechanical structure.
Background technology
Along with the continuous change of environment, exceedingly odious climate change is more obvious aobvious, people wish to the monitoring of rainfall and statistics more frequent.Accurate Determining period somewhere quantity of precipitation; this Regional climate change of analysis and prediction and weather conditions are had to the directive significance of science, also can be the trip of people simultaneously, the g and D, ancient site historical relic's protection work etc. of crops provides effective theoretical foundation.
At present, what rain sensor mainly adopted is mechanical tipping-bucket rain-gauge, and it is poor to the measurement capability of the change of rainfall, and due to mechanical corrosion and abrasion, long-time placement field, can not measure the amount of rainfall information quickly and accurately.
Therefore, existing mechanical type Precipitation measurement mode can not meet the demand under particular surroundings, and on-mechanical, non-contact measurement mode occur and improve and become inevitable, for the laying in rain sensor region, field, require to carry out dynamically climatic data, the continuous monitoring of reliable, convenient, accurate, low energy consumption, on-mechanical, non-contact measurement mode are more easily and obtain data source reliably.
Summary of the invention
The present invention measures technical matters that is inaccurate, poor reliability in order to the tipping-bucket rain-gauge solving existing machinery, provides a kind of rainfall measurement sensor measuring the mechanical structure accurate, reliability is high.
The invention provides a kind of rainfall measurement sensor of mechanical structure, comprise tub capacitor, capacitance measurement circuit, single-chip microcomputer and LCD MODULE, capacitance measurement circuit is connected with single-chip microcomputer, and LCD MODULE is connected with single-chip microcomputer; Tub capacitor comprises erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder, erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder is provided with bottom outer wall and cylinder, the outer wall of erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder is connected with metal forming, and the cylinder bottom vertical of erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder is connected with stainless steel bar, and stainless steel bar is positioned on the axis of erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder; Metal forming is connected with first lead-in wire, and stainless steel bar is connected with second lead-in wire; First lead-in wire and second lead-in wire these two lead-in wires are connected with capacitance measurement circuit.
Preferably, the bottom of erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder is connected with liquid level calibration tube, and the length of stainless steel bar is identical with the height of erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder; Single-chip microcomputer is connected with temperature sensor, and single-chip microcomputer is connected with communication port, and communication port is connected with host computer terminal by wireless transport module.
Preferably, capacitance measurement circuit comprises fixed resistance, RC oscillatory circuit, frequency/voltage change-over circuit and low-pass filter circuit, RC oscillatory circuit is connected with tub capacitor by fixed resistance, frequency/voltage change-over circuit is connected with RC oscillatory circuit, low-pass filter circuit is connected with frequency/voltage change-over circuit, and single-chip microcomputer is connected with low-pass filter circuit.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) this device is a kind of non-contact measurement sensor, can measure plurality of liquid, has corrosion-resistant, the not easily feature such as physical damage.
(2) this device adopts modular design, has low-power consumption feature, improves the life cycle that rainfall measurement sensor is placed in field.
(3) this device can measure the amount of rainfall information accurately, reliably, the activity in production instructing people that can be scientific and reasonable, greatly improves the production efficiency of society, has extremely important social effect.
(4) this device can carry out intelligentized data sampling and processing, transmission and display, and intelligence degree is high, reliability is strong, meanwhile, also may be used for realizing liquid storage automatic management, on future market, has unsurpassed prospect.
Further aspect of the present invention, by the description of following embodiment, is clearly recorded.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is theory diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of tub capacitor;
Fig. 3 is the cut-open view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of capacitance measurement circuit;
Fig. 5 is measure of merit figure.
Reference numeral illustrates:
101. dry cells, 102. tub capacitors, 103. capacitance measurement circuits, 104. temperature sensors, 105. single-chip microcomputers, 106. LCD MODULE, 107. communication port, 108. wireless transport modules, 109. host computer terminals, 201. metal formings, 202. stainless steel bars, 203. erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinders, 204. liquid level calibration tubes, 205. first lead-in wires, 206. second lead-in wires, 207. liquid, 301. fixed resistances, 302.RC oscillatory circuit, 303. frequency/voltage change-over circuits, 304. low-pass filter circuits.
Embodiment
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, tub capacitor 102 comprises erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder 203, the outer wall of erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder 203 is connected with metal forming 201, stainless steel bar 202 is connected with the cylinder bottom vertical of erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder 203, and stainless steel bar 202 is positioned on the axis of erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder 203.
The length of stainless steel bar 202 is identical with the height L of erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder 203.
Metal forming 201 is as the first electrode, i.e. external electrode.Stainless steel bar 202 as the second electrode, namely in electrode.First lead-in wire 205 is connected with metal forming 201, and second lead-in wire 206 is connected with stainless steel bar 202.Measured capacitance amount is formed between first electrode and the second electrode.
First lead-in wire 205 for system power supply be connected, second lead-in wire is 206 for being connected with the input end of capacitance measurement circuit 103.
Liquid level calibration tube 204 is connected with the bottom of erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder 203, and liquid level calibration tube 204 is communicated with the space of the bottom contain fluid of erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder 203.
Rainwater liquid is formed when rainwater flows in erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder 203, the liquid level h of this liquid is along with the size variation of rainfall amount, the size forming capacitance between external electrode metal forming 201 and interior electrode stainless steel bar 202 is finally made also to change, that is, there is certain linear relationship in electric capacity and liquid level.More than the liquid levels in 203, erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder be air.
Liquid level calibration tube 204 can carry out automatic calibration to the liquid levels in 203, erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder.
In Fig. 3, the diameter of stainless steel bar 202 is D
0, the distance between the axis of stainless steel bar 202 and the inwall of erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder 203 is r
1, the distance between the axis of stainless steel bar 202 and the outer wall of erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder 203 is r
2.
As shown in Figure 1, two lead-in wires (first lead-in wire 205 and second lead-in wire 206) of tub capacitor 102 are connected with capacitance measurement circuit 103, and capacitance measurement circuit 103 is connected with single-chip microcomputer 105, and temperature sensor 104 is connected with single-chip microcomputer 105.LCD MODULE 106 is connected with single-chip microcomputer 105 respectively with communication port 107, and communication port 107 is connected with host computer terminal 109 by wireless transport module 108.Dry cell 101 is connected with capacitance measurement circuit 103 and single-chip microcomputer 105 respectively, for power supply.
Gathered the electric capacity of tub capacitor 102 by capacitance measurement circuit 103 in real time, and be converted into magnitude of voltage, send into single-chip microcomputer 105, meanwhile, temperature sensor 104 gathers ambient temperature value and sends into single-chip microcomputer 105.
Single-chip microcomputer 105 according to voltage-rainfall amount transport function to gathered magnitude of voltage carry out conversion and environmentally temperature revise, convert thereof into rainfall amount and export in digital form.
Then rainfall amount information is shown in real time by LCD MODULE 106, and send to host computer terminal 109 by communication port 107 through wireless transport module 108 packing, rainfall amount information can be stored into database by host computer terminal 109, for providing reference and foundation to a following meteorological point prediction.
Environmental monitoring personnel can monitor rainfall information, to meet timely acquisition and the feedback of information by computer client remote access.
Temperature sensor 104 gathers environment temperature, for the correction of rain sensor to rainfall amount monitor value.
As shown in Figure 4, capacitance measurement circuit 103 adopts the capacitance measurement circuit module of low-power consumption, wide region, and it comprises fixed resistance 301, RC oscillatory circuit 302, frequency/voltage change-over circuit 303 and low-pass filter circuit 304.RC oscillatory circuit 302 is gone between by fixed resistance 301 and tub capacitor 102 two and is connected, frequency/voltage change-over circuit 303 is connected with RC oscillatory circuit 302, low-pass filter circuit 304 is connected with frequency/voltage change-over circuit 303, and single-chip microcomputer 105 is connected with low-pass filter circuit 304.
RC oscillatory circuit 302 carries out discharge and recharge by fixed resistance 301 and tub capacitor 102 and produces and vibrate, the electric capacity positive correlation of oscillation frequency and tub capacitor 102, and is linear relationship.
RC oscillatory circuit 302 output frequency value is converted to corresponding DC voltage value by frequency/voltage change-over circuit 303, magnitude of voltage and frequency values linear.
The magnitude of voltage that low-pass filter circuit 304 pairs of frequency/voltage change-over circuits 303 export carries out filtering, and remove high frequency interference, magnitude of voltage is surveyed in the output making it reliable and stable.
Entire system test and checking are described below, and connect each circuit part by above step, add 10ml deionized water to tub capacitor 102 equalization respectively, liquid can reach 250ml.Can in LCD MODULE 106 and host computer terminal 109 display simulation rainfall amount measured value; Record corresponding Simulated rainfall measured value and theoretical value respectively; Make corresponding Simulated rainfall theoretical value curve and measured value curve, as shown in table one, table two and Fig. 5:
Table one:
Table two:
By more known, the response of this linear sensor is excellent, and the margin of error is little, can get a desired effect.
Therefore, this device output signal is to rainfall amount information change real-time response, without delayed, without measuring cumulative errors; The linear response of output voltage to rainfall amount information is excellent, can meet to rainfall product data real-time, continuous, monitor reliably.
The above, only to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not limited to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Every in claim limited range of the present invention, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the rainfall measurement sensor of a mechanical structure, it is characterized in that, comprise tub capacitor, capacitance measurement circuit, single-chip microcomputer and LCD MODULE, described capacitance measurement circuit is connected with described single-chip microcomputer, and described LCD MODULE is connected with described single-chip microcomputer;
Described tub capacitor comprises erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder, described erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder is provided with bottom outer wall and cylinder, the outer wall of described erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder is connected with metal forming, the cylinder bottom vertical of described erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder is connected with stainless steel bar, and described stainless steel bar is positioned on the axis of described erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder; Described metal forming is connected with first lead-in wire, and described stainless steel bar is connected with second lead-in wire;
Described first lead-in wire and second lead-in wire these two lead-in wires are connected with described capacitance measurement circuit.
2. the rainfall measurement sensor of mechanical structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the bottom of described erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder is connected with liquid level calibration tube, and the length of described stainless steel bar is identical with the height of described erosion resisting insulation graduated cylinder;
Described single-chip microcomputer is connected with temperature sensor, and described single-chip microcomputer is connected with communication port, and described communication port is connected with host computer terminal by wireless transport module.
3. the rainfall measurement sensor of mechanical structure according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described capacitance measurement circuit comprises fixed resistance, RC oscillatory circuit, frequency/voltage change-over circuit and low-pass filter circuit, described RC oscillatory circuit is connected with described tub capacitor by described fixed resistance, described frequency/voltage change-over circuit is connected with described RC oscillatory circuit, described low-pass filter circuit is connected with described frequency/voltage change-over circuit, and described single-chip microcomputer is connected with described low-pass filter circuit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510125517.8A CN104808261B (en) | 2015-03-23 | 2015-03-23 | Rainfall measurement sensor without mechanical structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510125517.8A CN104808261B (en) | 2015-03-23 | 2015-03-23 | Rainfall measurement sensor without mechanical structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104808261A true CN104808261A (en) | 2015-07-29 |
| CN104808261B CN104808261B (en) | 2020-05-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510125517.8A Expired - Fee Related CN104808261B (en) | 2015-03-23 | 2015-03-23 | Rainfall measurement sensor without mechanical structure |
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| Country | Link |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105116472A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-12-02 | 东南大学 | Pluviometer based on a water film thickness sensor |
| CN106092263A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-11-09 | 清华大学 | A kind of experiment high precision wireless numeral water depth sensor system |
| CN112630866A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-09 | 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所 | Rainfall measuring device |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN200979602Y (en) * | 2006-09-05 | 2007-11-21 | 王恒明 | A hyetometer for measuring the amount of rainfall |
| CN203012169U (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-06-19 | 李向 | High-accuracy rain gauge |
| JP5520907B2 (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2014-06-11 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Rainfall measuring system using optical rain gauge and optical rain gauge |
| CN203658605U (en) * | 2014-01-25 | 2014-06-18 | 丁宏健 | Automatic rain gauge |
| CN203825218U (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2014-09-10 | 陕西科技大学 | Novel rainfall measuring device |
-
2015
- 2015-03-23 CN CN201510125517.8A patent/CN104808261B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN200979602Y (en) * | 2006-09-05 | 2007-11-21 | 王恒明 | A hyetometer for measuring the amount of rainfall |
| JP5520907B2 (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2014-06-11 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Rainfall measuring system using optical rain gauge and optical rain gauge |
| CN203012169U (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-06-19 | 李向 | High-accuracy rain gauge |
| CN203658605U (en) * | 2014-01-25 | 2014-06-18 | 丁宏健 | Automatic rain gauge |
| CN203825218U (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2014-09-10 | 陕西科技大学 | Novel rainfall measuring device |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105116472A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-12-02 | 东南大学 | Pluviometer based on a water film thickness sensor |
| CN106092263A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-11-09 | 清华大学 | A kind of experiment high precision wireless numeral water depth sensor system |
| CN112630866A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-09 | 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所 | Rainfall measuring device |
| CN112630866B (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2023-05-09 | 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所 | Rainfall measuring device |
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| CN104808261B (en) | 2020-05-15 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Deng Zhouhu Inventor after: Lai Baopeng Inventor after: Zhang Xiong Inventor after: Wang Xuewen Inventor after: Yan Junfeng Inventor before: Lai Baopeng Inventor before: Deng Zhouhu Inventor before: Zhang Xiong Inventor before: Wang Xuewen Inventor before: Yan Junfeng |
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| COR | Change of bibliographic data | ||
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| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20200515 Termination date: 20210323 |