CN104808059B - A kind of digital measuring method of electric signal instantaneous phase - Google Patents
A kind of digital measuring method of electric signal instantaneous phase Download PDFInfo
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- CN104808059B CN104808059B CN201410036900.1A CN201410036900A CN104808059B CN 104808059 B CN104808059 B CN 104808059B CN 201410036900 A CN201410036900 A CN 201410036900A CN 104808059 B CN104808059 B CN 104808059B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of digital measuring method of electric signal instantaneous phase, continuous digital sampled signal is handled by the way of digital integration and interpolation, the zero point of electric signal is calculated according to the virtual time of origin of sampled value, the integration time started being calculated and the integration end point k obtained according to the mode of interpolation, frequency or the cycle of electric signal are calculated by the zero crossing of series of electrical signals, finally according to the time of the zero crossing of previous period electric signal, the cycle of the current cycle of prediction and current time, current instantaneous phase is calculated.It is especially applicable to the instantaneous phase measurement of alternating current, system detectio is convenient, and hardware spending is small;Advantages of simple is implemented simultaneously, and data are accurate, reliable;Precision, anti-interference in measurement etc. are greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of digital measuring method of electric signal instantaneous phase, the instantaneous of low-frequency signals is also applied for
Phase measurement, belong to the technical field of signal detection.
Background technology
Usually need to measure the instantaneous phase of electric signal in daily life, production process, the instantaneous phase of measurement is more accurate
Really, the effect of application is often more preferable.It is most of that certain is measured using zero traditional friendship method in existing method for measuring instantaneous phase
The instantaneous phase of signal all the way, this algorithm are easily achieved, but the influence being easily interfered so that the precision of measurement compared with
It is low.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention be for electric signal in the prior art instantaneous phase measurement accuracy it is inadequate
Accurately, it is proposed that a kind of digital measuring method of electric signal instantaneous phase, for zero more traditional friendship method, in measurement
The inventions such as precision, anti-interference are greatly improved.
The present invention uses following technical scheme to solve above-mentioned technical problem:
A kind of digital measuring method of electric signal instantaneous phase, comprises the following steps:
Step 1), tested electric signals are sampled, the sampled value of tested electric signals is obtained, then generates sampled signal;
Step 2), the zero crossing time series T after at least two cycles cross negative peak is obtained in analog or digital methodz1,
Tz2,…,Tzk, k is the natural number more than 1;
Step 3), it is determined that the starting point time T for calculating the jth zero crossing timesj, its calculation formula is Tsj=
Tz(j-1)+ T × f, wherein:T is according to zero crossing Tz(j-1),Tz(j-2),…,Tz(j-k)The average period being calculated, parameter f ∈
(0.5,1), j are natural number and j>k;
Step 4), in the sampled signal of tested electric signals, select the m samplings discharged in order on the sampling time
Point, if the sampling time of this m sampled point is respectively t1、t2、...ti、ti+1、...tm, sampled value is respectively x1、x2、...xi、
xi+1...xm, wherein t1≤Tsj,t2>Tsj, i, m are natural number and 1≤i<m;
Step 5), a numeral product is obtained by way of linear interpolation between the 1st sampled point and the 2nd sampled point
Initial point s is separated, its coordinate is (xsj,Tsj);Make SiFor digital integration starting point to the i-th sampled point (xi,ti) digital integration, then
Si+1For digital integration starting point to i+1 sampled point (xi+1,ti+1) digital integration;Work as SiAnd Si+1Product be less than or equal to 0
When, a numeral is obtained by way of rectangle interpolation or trapezoidal interpolation between ith sample point and i+1 sampled point
End point k is integrated, its coordinate is (xk,tk) so that the digital integration from digital integration starting point to integration end point is zero, meter
Calculate the virtual time of origin t for drawing integration end point kk;
Step 6), calculate the jth zero crossing time:
Step 7), repeat step 3)To step 6)Obtain the zero crossing time of jth+1 Tz(j+1), then cycle of tested electric signals:
Tpj=Tz(j+1)-Tzj, therefore obtain tested electric signals cycle be followed successively by Tp1,Tp2,Tp3,......Tp(n-1), n is oneself more than 1
So number;
Step 8), according to step 7)The periodic sequence of the tested electric signals of acquisition, the prediction current cycle of tested electric signals
Cycle Tp;
Step 9), according to the time of the zero crossing of the previous period tested electric signals close to current time, step 8)In advance
The cycle of the current cycle of tested electric signals of survey and current time, are calculated the current instantaneous phase of tested electric signals.
As the further prioritization scheme of the digital measuring method, step 1)It is described that tested electric signals are sampled
It is that either constant duration does not sample for constant duration sampling.
As the further prioritization scheme of the digital measuring method, step 1)Described is sampled as to tested electric signals
Complete cycle ripple sampled.
As the further prioritization scheme of the digital measuring method, the step 8)Comprise the following steps that:
According to step 7)The cycle of several cycles is followed successively by T before the tested electric signals being calculatedp(b-3),Tp(b-2),
Tp(b-1),TpbThe cycle T of the current cycle of predictionpFor:Tp=K1×Tpb+K2×Tp(b-1)+K3×Tp(b-2)+K4×Tp(b-3);Wherein,
K1,K2,K3,K4For arbitrary constant, but condition K must be met1+K2+K3+K4=1, b are the positive integer more than 3.
As the further prioritization scheme of the digital measuring method, the step 9)Comprise the following steps that:If by
The time for surveying the previous period zero crossing of electric signal is Tz, current time Tc, by step 8)Predict obtained tested electric signals
The cycle of current cycle is Tp, then the current instantaneous phase of tested electric signals be expressed as with number of degrees value:
Or it is expressed as with radian value:
As the further prioritization scheme of the digital measuring method, the digital integration is trapezoidal integration or rectangle
Integration.
The present invention compared with prior art, has following technique effect using above technical scheme:
1)Traditional zero hands over two opposite continuity points of method symbolization to determine zero point and then determine the wink of electric signal
Shi Xiangwei is easily low by the interference of harmonic wave, measurement error etc., measurement accuracy although algorithm clear physics conception.It is only accurate
It is determined that position zero point, can just calculate accurate instantaneous phase.The characteristics of for most of electric signal being symmetrical, according to being calculated
The integration time started carry out linear interpolation computing and choose a sampled point PSAs integration starting point, numeral product is carried out afterwards
Point, obtained by way of interpolation one integration end point so that from integration starting point to integration end point digital integration be
Zero, the zero point of electric signal is calculated by the sampling time of origin of integration starting point and the virtual time of origin of integration end point.It is determined that
After the zero crossing of signal, frequency and the cycle of electric signal can be calculated.Finally according to the mistake of previous period electric signal
The time of zero point, the cycle of the current cycle of prediction and current time, are calculated current instantaneous phase.Compared to more traditional
Zero friendship method for, operand increased, but measure precision, anti-interference is greatly improved.
2)Sampling involved in the present invention can be constant duration sampling or constant duration does not sample, such as
If fruit is constant duration sampling, then operand can be optimized and further reduce.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be calculate obtain integration starting point after integration be calculated by the way of rectangular integration, rectangle interpolation terminate
The virtual time of origin of point, and obtain the schematic diagram of zero crossing;
Fig. 2 be calculate obtain integration starting point after integration be calculated by the way of trapezoidal integration, trapezoidal interpolation terminate
The virtual time of origin of point, and obtain the schematic diagram of zero crossing;
Fig. 3 be calculate obtain integration starting point after integration be calculated by the way of trapezoidal integration, rectangle interpolation terminate
The virtual time of origin of point, and obtain the schematic diagram of zero crossing;
Fig. 4 is the zero crossing crossed using traditional zero cross point comparing method acquisition two after negative peak, calculates acquisition integration and opens
The virtual time of origin of integration end point is calculated after initial point by the way of trapezoidal integration, trapezoidal interpolation, so as to obtain the 3rd
The schematic diagram of individual zero crossing;
Fig. 5 is the zero crossing crossed using traditional zero cross point comparing method acquisition two after negative peak, calculates acquisition integration and opens
The virtual time of origin of integration end point is calculated by the way of trapezoidal integration, trapezoidal interpolation after initial point, obtain the 10th,
11st, the schematic diagram of 12 zero crossings.
Fig. 6 calculates the schematic diagram of some sampled point instantaneous phase when being using trapezoidal integration, trapezoidal interpolation method;
Embodiment
Technical scheme is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
The essence of the present invention is that continuous digital sampled signal is handled by the way of digital integration and interpolation, to tested electricity
Signal is sampled, and is obtained the sampled value of tested electric signals, is then generated sampled signal;Obtained at least in analog or digital method
It's the zero crossing time after negative peak past two cycles;Linear interpolation computing is carried out according to the integration time started being calculated and chooses one
Individual virtual sampled point PSAs integration starting point, there can be so continuous two points P in follow-up sampled pointiAnd Pi+1, such as
Fruit is from PSTo PiDigital integration numerical value and from PSTo Pi+1Digital integration numerical value product be less than or equal to zero when, then can be in Pi
And Pi+1Between an integration end point P is obtained by way of interpolationk,PkAcquisition condition be from PSTo PkDigital integration be
0.Then can be by PSVirtual time of origin and PkVirtual time of origin calculate electric signal zero point, by series of electrical signals
Zero crossing calculates frequency or the cycle of electric signal.Here so-called digital integration has following several ways:Trapezoidal integration, rectangle product
The mode of dividing.Finally according to the time of the zero crossing of previous period electric signal, prediction current cycle cycle and it is current when
Between, current instantaneous phase is calculated.The P of selectionSZero point should not be got too close to, if easily made an uproar close to zero point
The interference of sound causes measurement result not accurate enough.
To obtain more accurate measurement result, it is proposed that sampled point PSChoice be:Zero point should not be got too close to.
The features and advantages of the invention will be described in detail by example combination accompanying drawing.The principle of the present invention passes through measurement
The instantaneous phase of some sampled point illustrates.
The specific implementation process of the present invention is as follows:
1st, tested electric signals are sampled, obtains the sampled value of tested electric signals, then generate sampled signal, here institute
The sampling for being sampled as carrying out complete cycle ripple stated.Can be constant duration sampling or not constant duration sampling.;
2nd, the zero crossing time series T after at least two cycles cross negative peak is obtained in analog or digital methodz1,Tz2,
Tz3...;
3rd, the starting point time T for calculating the jth zero crossing time is determinedsj, its calculation formula is Tsj=Tz(j-1)+T
× f, wherein T are according to zero crossing Tz(j-1),Tz(j-2),Tz(j-3)... the average period being calculated, f ∈ (0.5,1);
4th, in the sampled signal of tested electric signals, the m sampled points discharged in order on the sampling time are selected, if this
The sampling time of m sampled point is respectively t1、t2、...ti、ti+1、...tm, sampled value is respectively x1、x2、...xi、xi+1...xm,
Wherein t1≤Tsj,t2>Tsj, i, m are natural number and 1≤i<m;
5th, a digital integration is obtained by way of linear interpolation between the 1st sampled point and the 2nd sampled point to open
Initial point s, its coordinate are (xsj,Tsj);Make SiFor from digital integration starting point to the i-th sampled point (xi,ti) digital integration, then
Si+1For from digital integration starting point to i+1 sampled point (xi+1,ti+1) digital integration;Work as SiAnd Si+1Product be less than or equal to
When 0, a number is obtained by way of rectangle interpolation or trapezoidal interpolation between ith sample point and i+1 sampled point
Word integrates end point k, and its coordinate is (xk,tk) so that the digital integration from digital integration starting point to integration end point is zero,
Integration end point k virtual time of origin t is calculatedk;
6th, the jth zero crossing time is calculated:
7th, the concrete operations of zero crossing time are calculated and may refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3.Hollow triangle in figure represents product
Separate initial point and integration end point.Fig. 1 is to be calculated to integrate the virtual of end point by the way of rectangular integration, rectangle interpolation
Time of origin, and obtain the schematic diagram of zero crossing.From T in Fig. 1SStart digital integration, tkIt is the integration end point that interpolation obtains
Virtual time of origin, from T in figureSTo tkDigital integration be 0.TzIt is to calculate the zero crossing obtained.Fig. 2 be using trapezoidal integration,
The virtual time of origin of integration end point is calculated in the mode of trapezoidal interpolation, and obtains the schematic diagram of zero crossing.From T in Fig. 2S
Start digital integration, tkIt is the virtual time of origin for the integration end point that interpolation obtains, from T in figureSTo tkDigital integration be 0.
TzIt is to calculate the zero crossing obtained.Fig. 3 is to be calculated to integrate the virtual of end point by the way of trapezoidal integration, rectangle interpolation
Time of origin, and obtain the schematic diagram of zero crossing.From T in Fig. 3SStart digital integration, tkIt is the integration end point that interpolation obtains
Virtual time of origin, from T in figureSTo tkDigital integration be 0.TzIt is to calculate the zero crossing obtained.If purely inserted using trapezoidal
Value method, that amount of calculation is bigger than normal be present when carrying out interpolation calculation.Fig. 3 uses trapezoidal integration when integration is started,
But when carrying out interpolation arithmetic, the method that employs rectangle interpolation, the purpose for the arrangement is that reducing the complexity of computing.To take
Accurate measurement result is obtained, the height that the rectangle is set in the calculating of accompanying drawing is the average value of two neighbouring sampled points.
Tsi(That is T in figureS)It it is the integration time started being calculated, its calculation formula is Tsi=Tz(j-1)+(Tz(j-1)-Tz(j-2))×
0.89, i.e. f=0.89, T=(Tz(j-1)-Tz(j-2)), recommendation uses T=(Tz(j-1)-Tz(j-3))/2.Can also be in the following way:
When calculating the integration time started, the zero crossing number obtained before is judged, if the zero crossing obtained before only has two
It is individual, using T=(Tz(j-1)-Tz(j-2));If the zero crossing obtained before is more than two, using T=(Tz(j-1)-Tz(j-3))/2。
8th, repeat the above steps, obtain several zero crossings time:Tz1,Tz2,Tz3...Tzj,Tz(j+1),Tz(j+2)...Tzn,
Wherein, j=1,2 ... n, then tested electric signals cycle:Tpj=Tz(j+1)-Tzj, the frequency of tested electric signals is:
9th, simultaneously figure such as Fig. 4 of measurement frequency, figure calculate in each zero crossings after being sampled to electric signal
5.Fig. 4 is the zero crossing crossed using traditional zero cross point comparing method acquisition two after negative peak, is calculated after obtaining integration starting point
The virtual time of origin of integration end point is calculated by the way of trapezoidal integration, trapezoidal interpolation, so as to obtain the 3rd zero passage
The schematic diagram of point;Fig. 5 is the zero crossing crossed using traditional zero cross point comparing method acquisition two after negative peak, calculates and obtains integration
The virtual time of origin of integration end point is calculated by the way of trapezoidal integration, trapezoidal interpolation after starting point, obtain the 10th,
11st, the schematic diagram of 12 zero crossings.Fig. 4 is to obtain two zero crossing T using traditional zero cross point comparing methodZ1、TZ2, by
TZ1、TZ2Calculate and obtain TS3, afterwards in TS3Start a digital integration, in TE3Terminate integration, finally by TS3、TE3It is calculated
TZ3.Fig. 5 is to calculate the schematic diagram for obtaining the 10th, 11,12 zero crossing, and the integration starting point being calculated on Fig. 5 and integration are tied
Spot represents with hollow triangle, TZ10、TZ11And TZ12It is the 10th, 11 and 12 zero crossing being calculated.The then week of the signal
Phase can be expressed as Tp10=TZ11-TZ10Or Tp11=TZ12-TZ11, frequency FpIt is then cycle TpInverse.Using rectangular integration, square
Shape interpolation or trapezoidal integration, rectangle interpolation method calculate the figure summary for obtaining zero crossing and calculating frequency.
10th, one of measurement electric signal instantaneous phase is on condition that obtain the cycle of current cycle, but do not have in current cycle
Before having end, the cycle of current cycle can not also directly obtain, it is contemplated that the cycle of electric signal(Frequency)It will not typically occur
Change drastically, example of the invention employ a formula to predict the cycle T of current cyclep。
The formula is represented by:Tp=K1×Tpb+K2×Tp(b-1)+K3×Tp(b-2)+K4×Tp(b-3), when accompanying drawing is calculated
Employ K1=2,K2=-1,K3=K4=0。
11st, the calculating of instantaneous phase can be found in Fig. 6.Fig. 6 calculates some when being using trapezoidal integration, trapezoidal interpolation method
The schematic diagram of sampled point instantaneous phase.Calculate be sampled point S in Fig. 6 instantaneous phase, if in figure sampled point S sampling time
It is Tc, the time of the zero crossing of the upper electric signal calculated is Tz, then sampled point S instantaneous phase be represented byT thereinpIt is the cycle for the current cycle of electric signal that previous prediction obtains.The result being calculated is to spend
The phase value that number represents.The instantaneous phase of other sampled points in Fig. 6 can also use similar method to obtain.In one cycle
The computational methods of the phase of arbitrfary point are same as above.Using rectangular integration, rectangle interpolation either using trapezoidal integration, rectangle interpolation side
The schematic diagram that formula calculates the instantaneous phase at some time point omits.
Preferred scheme is that the described constant duration that is sampled as samples.
Traditional is disturbed with the zero crossing detection of level triggers by noise, it is impossible to the frequency of accurate measurement signal,
Larger error be present;Traditional method that electric signal zero crossing is obtained using integration, this method is in sine of the measurement without harmonic wave
During ripple signal frequency, precision is higher, but for the electric signal of harmonic wave be present, and integration starting point is affected by noise so as to causing
There is also certain error for measurement result;Traditional digital frequency measuring method is influenceed by voltage measurement error, there is one
Fixed error.Method described herein can overcome the double influence of harmonic wave and noise in electric signal, obtain more accurate phase
Position measurement result.
In summary, the digital measuring method of a kind of electric signal instantaneous phase involved in the present invention, it is not necessary to by electricity
Signal is converted into square wave, the shortcomings that overcoming traditional zero-crossing examination poor anti jamming capability, is particularly suitable for the wink of alternating current
When phase measurement, system detectio is convenient, and hardware spending is small;The antijamming capability of system is stronger;Implement advantages of simple, data
Accurately, reliably;There is wide application prospect.Certainly, the present invention can also be applied to the instantaneous phase survey of Low Frequency Sine Signals
Amount.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. digital measuring method of electric signal instantaneous phase, it is characterised in that:Comprise the following steps:Step 1), tested electric signals are sampled, the sampled value of tested electric signals is obtained, then generates sampled signal;Step 2), the zero crossing time series T after at least two cycles cross negative peak is obtained in analog or digital methodz1, Tz2,…,Tzk, k is the natural number more than 1;Step 3), it is determined that the starting point time T for calculating the jth zero crossing timesj, its calculation formula is Tsj=Tz(j-1)+T × f, wherein:T is according to zero crossing Tz(j-1),Tz(j-2),…,Tz(j-k)The average period being calculated, parameter f ∈ (0.5,1), j For natural number and j>k;Step 4), in the sampled signal of tested electric signals, the m sampled points discharged in order on the sampling time are selected, if The sampling time of this m sampled point is respectively t1、t2、...ti、ti+1、...tm, sampled value is respectively x1、x2、...xi、xi+ 1...xm, wherein t1≤Tsj,t2>Tsj, i, m are natural number and 1≤i<m;Step 5), between the 1st sampled point and the 2nd sampled point obtaining a digital integration by way of linear interpolation opens Initial point s, its coordinate are (xsj,Tsj);Make SiFor digital integration starting point to the i-th sampled point (xi,ti) digital integration, then Si+1 For digital integration starting point to i+1 sampled point (xi+1,ti+1) digital integration;Work as SiAnd Si+1Product be less than or equal to 0 when, A numeral product is obtained by way of rectangle interpolation or trapezoidal interpolation between ith sample point and i+1 sampled point Divide end point k, its coordinate is (xk,tk) so that the digital integration from digital integration starting point to integration end point is zero, is calculated Draw integration end point k virtual time of origin tk;Step 6), calculate the jth zero crossing time:Step 7), repeat step 3)To step 6)Obtain the zero crossing time of jth+1 Tz(j+1), then cycle of tested electric signals:Tpj= Tz(j+1)-Tzj, therefore obtain tested electric signals cycle be followed successively by Tp1,Tp2,Tp3,......Tp(n-1), n is the nature more than 1 Number;Step 8), according to step 7)The periodic sequence of the tested electric signals of acquisition, predict the cycle T of the current cycle of tested electric signalspStep 9), according to the time of the zero crossing of the previous period tested electric signals close to current time, step 8)Prediction The cycle of the current cycle of tested electric signals and current time, the current instantaneous phase of tested electric signals is calculated.
- A kind of 2. digital measuring method of electric signal instantaneous phase according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step 1) It is described tested electric signals are carried out sampling be constant duration sampling either constant duration sample.
- A kind of 3. digital measuring method of electric signal instantaneous phase according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step 1) Described is sampled as sampling the complete cycle ripple of tested electric signals.
- A kind of 4. digital measuring method of electric signal instantaneous phase according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step Rapid 8)Comprise the following steps that:According to step 7)The cycle of several cycles is followed successively by T before the tested electric signals being calculatedp(b-3),Tp(b-2),Tp(b-1),Tpb The cycle T of the current cycle of predictionpFor:Tp=K1×Tpb+K2×Tp(b-1)+K3×Tp(b-2)+K4×Tp(b-3);Wherein, K1,K2,K3, K4For arbitrary constant, but condition K must be met1+K2+K3+K4=1, b are the positive integer more than 3.
- A kind of 5. digital measuring method of electric signal instantaneous phase according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step Rapid 9)Comprise the following steps that:If the time of the previous period zero crossing of tested electric signals is Tz, current time Tc, by step Rapid 8)The cycle for predicting the obtained current cycle of tested electric signals is Tp, then the current instantaneous phase of tested electric signals is with number of degrees value It is expressed as:Or it is expressed as with radian value: <mrow> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>&times;</mo> <mi>&pi;</mi> <mo>&times;</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mi>z</mi> </msub> </mrow> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mi>p</mi> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> 1
- 6. a kind of digital measuring method of electric signal instantaneous phase according to any one of claim 1 to 5, its feature It is:The digital integration is trapezoidal integration or rectangular integration.
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Application publication date: 20150729 Assignee: Zhangjiagang Institute of Zhangjiagang Assignor: NANJING University OF POSTS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS Contract record no.: X2020980007094 Denomination of invention: A digital measurement method for instantaneous phase of electrical signal Granted publication date: 20171208 License type: Common License Record date: 20201026 |